时态语态复习及练习(答案)

时态语态复习及练习（答案）
复习：动词时态VS被动语态动词时态复习
时态的基本判定方法：
一、时间状语同时态的关系：一般情况下，简单句可根据句中的时间状语确定谓语动词的时态。

其判定方式如下：
1、句中含有yesterday; last year（last + 具体时间）; two days ago（一段时间 + ago）; just now; this morning; in 2008（in + 过去的年代）; the other day; over the weekend等时间状语时，谓语动词用一般过去时；
2、句中含有tomorrow; next week（next +具体时间）; in two hours（in +一段时间）; (how) soon; from now on; 10 years from now（一段时间+from now）; in the future; in 2012（in +将来的年代）; by (the end of) next month （by+将来时间）; for the weekend; this afternoon; this evening; tonight; this weekend等时间状语时，谓语动词用一般将来时；
3、句中含有recently; in the last/past two years（in the last/past+一段时间）; over the years（over the+一段时间）; since 2005（since+具体时间或从句）; for two years（for+一段时间，句中无其它时间状语）; before （单独用于句尾）等时间状语时，谓语动词用现在完成时；
4、句中既有yesterday等过去时间状语，又有一个具体时间点（at 5:00; this time; at that time）时，谓语动词用过去进行时；
5、by (the end of) last year（by+过去时间）; two days before（一段时间+before）; for和since说明的时间同时用于句中;by the time + 从句（过去时态）等时间状语时，谓语动词用过去完成时；
6、简单句中如不含上述时间状语或有含说话时间在内的表示现在时间关系的词语时（如now; today; these days等词），其时态的判定一般按以下步骤进行： ------ 句中是否含有表示频率关系的词。

如有，用一般现在时； ------ 句子是否说明客观规律。

如是，用一般现在时； ------ 句中动词是否表示状况。

如是，用一般现在时； ------ 句中动词是否为延续性动态动词。

如是，用现在进行时；
------ 句中动词是否为完成性动词（瞬间动词）。

如是，用现在完成时。

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二、主从句时态的一致性原则：主从复合句可根据其时态一致性原则，通过主从句中任意一个句子的时态确定另外一个句子的时态；含有时间状语从句的主从句还可通过其引导词所表示的不同时间关系，确定主句和从句的时态。

三、通过上下文关系判定时态：另外我们还可以根据并列谓语的时态一致性原则、问句和答语的时态一致关系、无转折时间的短文时态一致原则等上下文时态的关联以及句子的逻辑关系来判定句子中谓语动词的时态。

动词时态专项练习
( )1. What _____ you _____ over the weekend?
A. will; do
B. does; do
C. did; do
D. were,; doing ( )2. Xiao Li usually _____ to school by bike last year. A. goes B. went C. will go D. is going ( )3. What _____ in our town 100 years from now? A. happened B. is happened C. has happened D. will happen
( )4. Mr. Smith _____ to see you in an hour. A. Came B. has comeC. will come D. comes ( )5. _____ you _____ from your parents recently?
A. Did; hear
B. Have; heard
C. Do; hear
D. Will; hear ( )6. We _____ TV at home this time last night. A. were watching B. watched C. have watched D. would watch
( )7. We _____ over 1500 English words by the end of last month. A. have learned B. had learned C. will learn D. learnt ( )8. She _____ in Shanghai for ten years since 1992. A. has lived B. had lived C. lived D. will live ( )9. She _____ in Shanghai for ten years. A. has lived B. had lived C. lived D. will live
( )10. We all know that the earth _____ round the sun.
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A. goes
B. went
C. is going
D. will go ( )11. “Where are the boys?”“They _____ soccer on the playground.” A. play B. are playing C. were playing D. played ( )12. Look! Lucy _____ under the tree.
A. reads
B. is reading
C. was reading
D. read ( )13. He _____ more than 200 model cars in the last five years. A. has collected B. had collected C. collected D. will collect
( )14. Jim _____ a letter to his parents at 7:30 last night.
A. had written
B. wrote
C. would write
D. was writing ( )15. The Smiths _____ in Beijing since two weeks ago.
A. stayed
B. were staying
C. would stay
D. have stayed
( )16. “When _____ you _____ the bike?”“Last Monday.” A. have; bought B. did; buy C. will; buy D. do; buy ( )17. Look! The boy _____English now.
A. likes
B. liked
C. is liking
D. was liking
( )18. Most students in our class _____ TV twice a week.
A. watch
B. watched
C. will watch
D. are watching ( )19. How soon _____ they _____ back from work?
A. do; come
B. did; come
C. have; come
D. will; come ( )20. “Where _____ you _____ Mr. Li?”“In his office, half an hour ago.” A. will; see B. did; see C. have, seen D. do; see ( )61. How long have you ____ the pen?
A. kept
B. bought
C. borrowed
D. got
( )62. I _____ Mr. Brown since I left Shanghai in 2004.
A. have seen
B. saw
C. haven’t seen
D. didn’t see
( )63. You don’t have to describe her. I _____ her several times.
A. had met
B. have met
C. met
D. meet
( )64. I _____ a cold for five days. I still can’t get rid of it.
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A. caught
B. had
C. have caught
D. have had
( )65. What _____ you _____ at nine o’clock that morning?
A. are; doing
B. did; do
C. were; doing
D. had; done
( )66. What _____ you _____ by nine o’clock that morning?
A. are; doing
B. did; do
C. were; doing
D. had; done
( )67. The sign _____, “ No Parking!” A. readsB. was readC. is readingD. read
( )68. “_____ you _____ your lunch?”“Yes. I _____ it at school.”
A. Did; have; have had C. Did; have; had
B. Have; had; had D. Have; had; have
( )69. Lily _____ for her mother until she _____ home.
A. will wait; will come C. will wait; comes
B. won’t wait; comes
D. waits; will come
( )70. “Mr. Brown is leaving for a trip.”“Really? Where _____ he _____?”
A. has; gone
B. will; go
C. did; go
D. does; go
( )71. Tom, you _____ the book for two weeks. You have to return it now.
A. borrowed
B. have borrowed
C. kept
D. have kept
( )72. “Have you mended your shoes?”“Yes. I _____ it twenty minutes ago.”
A. have mended
B. mended
C. had mended
D. will mend
( )73. Mr. Smith _____ to China last year and _____ in love with her.
A. goes; falls
B. went; fell
C. went; felt
D. has gone; fell
( )74. If you don’t go to the meeting tomorrow, _____. A. he will, too
B. he won’t, either
C. he does, too
D. he doesn’t, either
( )75. “Shall we go watching the match?”“Sorry, I can’t. I _____ my homework.”
A. do
B. have done
C. am doing
D. did
( )76. The children won’t go hiking if it _____ next Sunday.
A. rain
B. rains
C. will rain
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D. is raining
( )77. “_____ you _____ to Japan?”“Yes. I will go there next month.”
A. Have; been
B. Have; gone
C. Are; going
D. Did; go
( )78. When I got there, the film _____ for five minutes.
A. had been on
B. had begun
C. was beginning
D. began
( )79. Don’t open the door until the bus _____.
A. will stop
B. doesn’t stop
D. stops
B. C. is stopping
( )80. “_____ you _____ to Japan?”“Yes. We went there last year.”
A. Have; been
B. Have; gone
C. Did; go
D. Are; going
.........
被动语态复习
1. 被动语态的使用
(1).当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。

“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”
(只是告诉老师杯子坏了，不知是谁弄坏的，或不想说出谁弄坏的)。

(2).突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。

These records were made by John.
(3).当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in + 名词作状语，而代替 by 短语。

These cars were made in China. 2. 主动语态变被动语态的方法
5。