形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
英语中大多数形容词是可以分级的，一般有三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级。

一、原级：形容词的本来形式就是形容词的原级。

用原级进行比较时可以使用下面结构：
1. 表示比较的双方程度相等，用”as…as”结构，表示“前者像后者一样”，即
A + be + as + 形容词原级+ as + B.
e.g. John is as tall as his brother. He is as careful as I(me).
2. 表示比较的双方不相等，一方不如另一方，用”not as/so…as”结构，表示“前者不如后者”，即：A + be + not as/so + 形容词原级+ as + B.
e.g. John is not as tall as his brother.
Sue is not as/so tall as Jim.
二、比较级：
1.把一个人或物同另外一个人或物比较时，一方程度超过另一方，就需要用到形容词比较级。

其结构是：A + be + 形容词比较级+ than + B.
e.g. Jackie is taller than Alex, but Alex is heavier than Jackie.
2.表示“……是两者中较、更……的一个”，比较级前用冠词the
e.g. He is the taller of the two boys.
3.表示“越来越……”，用“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“mor e and more＋原级”结构。

e.g. The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.
4．“the more…，the more…”表示“越……，就越……”，
The more，the better.多多益善。

The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯错就越少。

5.用比较级代替最高级，用“比较级＋than＋any other＋可数名词单数”或“比较级＋than＋the other＋可数名词复数”句型
e.g. He is taller than any other boy.=He is taller than the other boys.
三、最高级：
1、三者或者三者以上的人或物进行比较时，需要使用形容词的最高级。

其结构是：
A + be + the 形容词最高级+ of / in + 比较范围.
(Note: 形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the)
e.g. Jackie is the tallest in our class. （主语和比较范围不是同一属性）
Jackie is the tallest of all the students. （主语和比较范围是同一属性）
2、表示“其中最……的一个”，用“one of ＋最高级＋名词复数”
e.g. China is one of the most oldest countries in the world.
He is one of the best students in our class.他是我们班最好的学生之一。

This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.这是花园里最漂亮的花之。

3.常见的用来表示范围的介词有in, of, among
四、形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化
规则变化：（1）一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级＋er ，
最高级＋est
clever－cleverer－cleverest；few－fewer－fewest ；small－smaller－smallest等
（2）以e结尾的词，比较级＋r，最高级＋st即可
nice－nicer－nicest；cute－cuter－cutest；large－larger－largest
（3）以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i＋er或est
easy－easier－easiest；happy－happier－happiest
再如：early , busy , heavy , dirty , lazy . 也如此
(4) 以后缀ly结尾的方式副词在前面加more构成比较级，加most构成最高级
quickly---more quickly----most quickly
（5）双写最后一个辅音字母＋er或est的词同学要用心去记。

fat－fatter－fattest thin－thinner－thinnest hot－hotter－hottest red－redder－reddest
wet－wetter－wettest big－bigger－biggest
（6）多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前＋more构成比较级，＋the most构成最高级。

beautiful －more beautiful －the most beautiful . delicious , popular , important , interesting , expensive 双音节的词如careful－more careful －the most careful useful －more useful －the most useful . 少数单音节词也是这样如：pleased－more pleased －the most pleased tired－more tried －the most tired
不规则变化：（背上）
不规则形容词的变化
good----better-----best well----better----best bad----worse-----worst
many----more----most much----more----most little-----less-----least
far-----farther , further（表示程度）far-----farthest , furthest（表示远近）
few-----fewer-----fewest old-----older----oldest（表新旧，表长老）
old-----oldest , eldest（表兄弟姊妹之间的长幼）
五、比较级的修饰词：a little, a lot, much, even; far; a great deal
六、练习
1、--Our English is very good. ——But my brother learns it much______than I do.
A. good
B.well
C. better
D. best
【析】在英语中，a little,a lot,much,even等词可以用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级，故本题的正确答案是C项。

2.Don…t worry. Your granny will get_______
A.well and well
B.better and better
C.well and better
D.good and well
【析】表示"越来越……" 可以采用" 比较级＋比较级"或"more and more＋原级"的结构，如果是单音节的形容词或副词，则用前一结构；如果是多音节词，则可以用后一种结构，故本题的正确答案是B。

3.China is one of________ in the world.
A.the oldest country
B.the oldest countries
C.much older country
D.much older countries
【析】在英语中，要表示"其中最……的之一"，应使用"one of＋形容词的最高级形式＋名词的复数形式"。

根据题意，本题应选B项。

4.The girl doesn‟t run________ the boy.
A. much faster as
B. as faster as
C. more fast than
D. so fast as
【析】在英语中，可以使用"as…as"表示"两者在某方面一样"；用"not so/as……as"表示"两者在某方面不一样"，以上两种结构都必须使用形容词或副词的原级。

由以上分析可知本题的
D 项最符合题意。

5.LiLei writes ______ of all the students in our class.
A. more carefully
B. the most careful
C. more careful
D. most carefully
【析】在这道题中，有的学生选B, 只想到了用最高级形式，而忽略了write是实义动词应用副词，也有的学生认为D 的前边应该加the ,这就属于对知识的掌握不够熟练或忘了副词的最高级前边的the 可加可省，所以做题一定要考虑周全，避免会的题失分。

答案为D.
【语法专项练习题】
1、That boy looks as _____ as a boxer.
A. strong
B. stronger
C. strongest
D. more strong
2、Then Summer Palace is______ than Zhong Shan park.
A. biger
B. more big
C. the biggest
D. bigger
3、Which do you like ____ , apples or oranges?
A. good
B. better
C. best
D. well
4、--Oh, the food is bad.
--I think so .And the service(服务) is __________.
A．the worst B. worse C. badder D. the worse
5、--You are the same coat as I.
--Yes, Mine is ______ , but not so ______ as yours.
A. better, expensive
B. better, more expensive
C. much better, more expensive
D. good, more expensive
6、The experts think that India‟s population may be _____ t han China‟s ______ 2020.
A. much, by
B. more, in
C. larger, by
D. larger, on
7、This year our school is ______ than it was last year.
A. much beautiful
B. the most beautiful
C. beautifuler
D. much more beautiful
8、______ you work, _____ knowledge you will get.
A. The harder, more
B. The harder, the more
C. Harder, the more
D. Harder, more
9、He has _______ friends than I.
A. much more
B. many more
C. very more
D. too more
10、She draws better than ______.
A. us all
B. we all
C. all us
D. all we
11、Shanghai is larger than _______ city in China.
A. any
B. any other
C. the others
D. any else
12、I‟m not sure whether Mary can sing________ Ann.
A. as well as
B. as good as
C. as better as
D. so good as
13、I have fewer apples than _________ .
A. he
B. his
C. hers
D. mine
( )14. who does homework _____ in your class?
A. carefully
B. most carefully
C. more carefully
D. as carefully as
15、The population of China is larger than_______ .
A. America
B. the one of Americas
C. that of America
D. Americans
16、Which is ____________clothing store in your town?
A. the best
B. the better
C. the most good
D. best
17、My sister is ____________person I know.
A. the funniest
B. the funnier C . the most fun D. funniest
18、Is Mr Du __________ teacher in your school?
A. the most busy
B. the busier
C. the most busiest
D. the busiest
19、He is ________more beuutiful than I.
A. too
B. enough
C. much
D. very
20、The box is ______heavy .I can‟t move it.
A. much
B. more
C. enough
D. too
21、The book is the__________one in the bookshop．
A．the most cheap B．the expensive
C．the most expensive D．the less expensiver
22、I have _______ apples and ______milk than you.
A. many, little
B. more, less
C. more, least
D. many, less
23、You should study English hard, because it‟s getting_________ in our country .
A. more and more important
B. more important and more important
C. importanter and importanter
D. important and important
24、Her brother is __________than she.
A. 7 year older
B. 7 year old
C. 7 years old
D. 7 years older
25、The Famous People Talent Show was one of ____________that I have ever seen.
A. the most fantastic show
B. most fantastic shows
C. the more fantastic shows
D. the most fantastic shows
要点点拨
1. have something to drink/eat 有一些喝的/ 吃的
e.g. 我有些事要告诉你. I have _______ ________ ________ you.
我有许多作业要做. I have ___________________________________.
2. Can I have some more food? 我能再吃点食物吗?
e.g. 我想再要些蛋糕. I want _______ _______ cakes.
3. There is nothing else: 意思是There is no other things
e.g. 我不需要别的东西了. I need ________ _________.
I don‟t need _________ _________.
4. share sth. with sb. 和某人分享……
e.g. 我和妹妹住一个房间. I _________ a room _________ my sister.
5. have problem with…..有……的问题
我在英语上有些问题.I have some ________ ________ my English.
6. believe what he /she says =believe his /her words 相信他所说的
7. make sb. do, 使得我大笑make ______ _______
make sb.+ adj. (make + 宾语+ 形) make 作使役动词
使得我开心make _______ _______
翻译句子。

1. 李小姐极富幽默感。

Miss Li _______ a ______ ________ of humour.
2. 男孩子们正在那边看广告，女孩子们呢？
The boys ______ ______ the ______ over there. What ______ the girls?
3. 我们的数学老师视力不好，带着眼镜。

Our Maths teacher _______ _______ _______ and _______ round glasses.
4. 贝蒂长大后想成为一名歌手。

Betty wants _____ ______ a singer when she _______ _______.
5. 由他和我在一起，我从不感到无聊或不开心。

I never feel _______ or _______ when he is together with me.
6. 我们成为好朋友已经很长时间了。

We have been good friends ________ _______ ________ _______。