苏教牛津译林高中英语模块7_精品备课：Unit4_Task_and_Project_知识点解析

精品备课：Unit4 Task and Project 知识点解析
1．reservation n．预订，预约；保留意见；疑惑
There are many flights to Dalian，and the city has good air connections with most large cities in China，but you need to make reservations in advance.(教材P59)有很多航班飞往大连，大连与中国大多数大城市之间都有航线，但你得提前订票。

I've made a reservation for you on the morning flight.
我为你预订了早上的航班。

I have serious reservations about his ability to do the job.我非常怀疑他有没有能力胜任这项工作。

①make a reservation预订
have/express reservations about...对……表示疑问，对……保留意见
without reservation毫无保留地
②reserve v．预订；保留
We accepted their offer without reservation.我们毫无异议地接受了他们的提议。

This section of the car park is reserved for visitors.这个停车区是留给游客的。

Customers are advised to make seat ________ well in advance.
A．reservations B．regulations
C．recognition D．occupation
【解析】句意：建议顾客提前订好座位。

make a reservation“预订”。

regulation“条例”；recognition“识别”；occupation“占据”。

【答案】 A
2．speed up(使)加速
A new service has just opened between Beijing and Dalian and this has speeded up travel between the two cities.(教材P59)北京与大连之间刚刚开通了一条新的(火车)交通线，这样就大大提高了两市间的旅行速度。

We'd better speed up if we want to get there in time.
如果我们想及时到达那里，我们最好加快速度。

I have found a way to speed up this process.
我已经找到了一个加速这个过程的方法。

at high/low/full speed以高/低/全速
at a speed of...以……速度
with all speed全速
pick up/reduce speed加/减速
He drove the car at full speed through the town.
他驾驶汽车全速穿过那座城镇。

The new and improved equipment will undoubtedly ________ production.
A．keep up B．speed up
C．build up D．give up
【解析】句意：那种新的经过改进的设备，无疑将会增加生产。

speed up 使加速，促进，符合句意。

keep up保持；build up增强，增进(健康)；give up放弃。

【答案】 B
3．departure n．离开；启程；出发
Check timetables for departure and arrival times.(教材P59)核对(列车运行)时刻表来获取(列车)离开和到达的时间。

His departure was quite unexpected.
他的离开非常出乎意料。

The departure of the train was delayed.
火车离站的时间延误了。

take one's departure离开；启程
depart v．离开；启程
depart from从……离开；背离，违反
depart for动身去……
The basketball team will depart for Qinghai tomorrow.篮球队明天将动身去青
海。

We ought not to depart from that principle.
我们不应违背那个原则。

I have not heard anything from him since his departure ________ New York.
A．on B．to C．from D．at
【解析】句意：自从他离开纽约后，我未收到他的任何信息。

departure 后常与介词from搭配，表示“离开……”。

【答案】 C
4．punctual adj.准时的，准点的；守时的
Sometimes the slow ferries are not very punctual and there may be long delays.(教材P59)
有时这些慢船并不是那么准时，可能有延误。

I expect you to be punctual for meetings.我希望你准时到会。

We can not guarantee the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.雾天我们不能保证火车准点到达。

be punctual for sth.准时……
The doctor was always punctual for his appointments.这位医生总是准时见病人。

完成句子
①不守时间是他最大的缺点。

________________ is his greatest shortcoming.
②约会时要准时。

Make sure to ________________ every appointment.
【答案】①Not being punctual②be punctual for
5．arise vi.出现；产生；发生
The number of road accidents and the deaths arising from those accidents has increased over the past year.(教材P62)在过去的一年里，道路事故及由此造成的死
亡人数均有所增长。

Before they could start，a mist arose.在他们动身前，起了雾。

Unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment.在他们进行试验的过程中，产生了意想不到的困难。

arise from/out of...由……引起；起因于……
Emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.身体上的原因可以引起情绪或精神上的问题。

【提示】arise的主语多为以下抽象名词：argument/problem/question/quarrel/movement
arise/rise/raise
arise (arose；arisen)vi.意为“出现，产生”；表示“起床；起身”时较正式。

rise (rose；risen)vi.表示“升起；增高”。

raise (raised；raised)vt.表示“举起；提出；抚养；筹集”。

用rise，raise，arise的适当形式填空
①The company's losses this year ________ almost entirely from the poor management.
②Let's ________ glasses to the friendship between the two peoples.
③As the sun ________ in the sky the temperature climbed.
【答案】①arise②raise③rose
单项填空
④No further financial problem________，but we once couldn't make both ends meet.
A．rose B．arose C．aroused D．raised
【解析】考查动词辨析。

句意：尽管更深层的财政问题没出现，但我们还是不能维持生计。

arise“出现”；rise“升起”；arouse“唤醒，引起”；raise“提升，举起”。

【答案】 B
6．be true of符合；对……适用
This is true of everyone as accidents affect drivers of vehicles as well as cyclists and pedestrians.(教材P62)这对每个人都尤为重要，因为事故不只是影响到车辆驾驶员，而且还影响到骑自行车的人和行人。

Many people fear darkness.It is true of Xiao Ming.许多人怕黑，小明也是这样。

That may be true of some，I don't know，but not of all.也许有些人的确如此，我不知道，但绝不是全部。

be true of＝hold good for符合于；对……适用
Whether these findings will hold good for other types of request is unknown.这个发现对于其他请求是否有效，目前还不清楚。

完成句子
①我想没人看到这种相同的事发生在我们身上。

No one had looked at whether the same thing might ________ humans.
②许多年前美国的一个宗教派别也是如此。

It ________ religious group in America years ago.
【答案】①be true of②was true of
7．in connection with和……有关
Below are some of the major causes of road accidents in connection with vehicles such as cars，minibuses and lorries，and what drivers should do to prevent them.(教材P62)以下是涉及车辆比如汽车、中巴和货车的一些道路事故的主要原因，以及为防止事故发生司机们应做的事。

The two affairs are in connection with each other.
这两件事情彼此有关联。

have (a direct/close)connection with与……有(直接的/密切的)联系
have no connection with与……无关
His illness must have some connection with his diet.
他的病想必同他的饮食有关。

The question which he asked had no direct connection with our discussion.
他问的问题和我们的讨论没有直接关系。

介词填空
①I am writing to you in connection ________ your recent job application.
【答案】with
单项填空
②The manager refused to have his daughter in his department ________ showing favor to her.
A．in need of B．in connection with C．for fear of D．regardless of
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。

句意：经理拒绝让他的女儿进入他的部门，唯恐对她表现出偏爱。

for fear of“唯恐”，符合句意。

in need of“需要”；in connection with“和……有关”；regardless of“不管”。

【答案】 C
8．violate vt.违犯，违反；侵犯
If you drive after you have consumed alcoholic drinks or are drunk，you are violating the law and risking your own life as well as the lives of others.(教材P62)如果你酒后或醉酒开车，那么你是在犯法并且危及自己和他人的生命。

Companies that violate environmental laws will be heavily fined.违犯环境法的公司将被处以重罚。

She violated the terms of the contract repeatedly.她三番五次地违反合同条款。

violative adj.违犯的；违背的；违反的
violation n．违反；违背
violator n．违背者；违反者
The policeman rapped the driver for his violation of traffic regulations.
由于司机违反交通规则，警察对他严加批评。

完成句子
①她指责新闻摄影记者侵犯了她的隐私。

She accused the press photographers of________.
【答案】violating her privacy
单项填空
②The young lady was very angry because she felt her privacy had been________as an actress.
A．bothered B．abandoned C．violated D．split
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

句意：年轻女子非常生气是因为作为一名演员，她感到自己的隐私受到了侵犯。

violate“侵犯”，符合句意。

bother“打扰”；abandon“放弃”；split“分割”。

【答案】 C
9．load n．[C]负荷，负载；大量，许多；vt.装载；装上；装入
Carrying more than a light load on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control.(教材P63)在你的自行车上加上一重物会使自行车更难以控制。

The good news has taken a load off my mind.
听了这个好消息我就放心了。

They are loading fresh fruits onto the truck.
他们正在往卡车上装新鲜水果。

a load of＝loads of许多(后接可数/不可数名词)
take a load off one's mind消除某人的精神负担，使某人如释重负
load (up)．..with sth.把某物装上……
load sth.into/onto...把某物装入/到……里
The band got a load of/loads of complaints about the loud music at night.
因为夜间吵闹的音乐声，这支乐队受了很多埋怨。

It may be hard to load much more cost onto patients.
很难让患者承担更多费用。

完成句子
①我路过这家工厂时，看到工人们正把一袋袋的大米装上卡车。

When I passed by the factory，I saw the workers ________________ the truck.
②由于其在会上所说的话年轻人陷入了一大堆的麻烦之中。

The young man got himself into ________________ trouble because of what he had said at the meeting.
【答案】①loading bags of rice onto②a load of/loads of
单项填空
③The transportation company ________ the truck with all of our household effects because we are moving to the countryside.
A．loaded B．carried C．packed D．piled
【解析】句意：因为我们要搬到乡下去，运输公司用长车装载了我们的全部家当。

load...with...“用……装载……”符合句意。

carry sth.运输某物；pack打包；pile堆积。

【答案】 A
10．It_is_up_to_all_of_us_road_users_to_make_sure that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety.(教材P63)要确保道路安全、避免事故，一切都取决于道路使用者。

It's up to sb.to do sth.表示“由某人决定做某事”。

It is up to you to decide when we will start.
由你来决定我们什么时候出发。

—When shall we go to the hospital to see our teacher？我们什么时候去医院看望老师？
—It is up to you.I am free at any time.
由你决定。

我什么时候都有空。

up to用法归纳：
①多达某个数量；
②表示时间限制，意为“直到……为止”相当于until/till；
③有资格做……；能胜任；
④由……决定，取决于常用于It is up to sb.to do sth.句型；
⑤做；忙于；从事相当于doing或busy doing/with
I'm not sure if she is really up to that job.
我不确定她是否真的胜任那项工作。

—What shall we do tonight then?
—________ whatever you want.
A．Help yourself B．It's a deal
C．No problem D．It's up to you
【解析】考查交际用语。

根据破折号后面的内容可知，答话人表示一切听从对方的安排，因此选择D项“由你决定”。

前三项分别表示“请自便”“就这么定了”“没问题”，均不符合语境。

【答案】 D。