人教版八年级上册英语unit1知识点及习题

人教版八年级上册英语unit1知识点及习题
一、书本重要语法点梳理
go on vacation去度假stay at home待在家里
go to the mountains去爬山go to the beach去海滩
visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp去参观夏令营
quite a few相当多study for为……而学习
go out出去most of the time大部分时间
taste good尝起来很好吃have a good time玩得高兴
]of course当然feel like给……的感觉；感受到
go shopping去购物in the past在过去
walk around四处走走because of因为
one bowl of…一碗……the next day第二天
drink tea喝茶find out找出；查明
go on继续take photos照相
something important重要的事up and down上上下下
出来
buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物
taste + adj. 尝起来……look+adj. 看起来……
nothing…but+动词原形除了……之外什么都没有
seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来……
arrive in+大地点/ arrive at+小地点到达某地
decide to do sth.决定去做某事
try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力去做某事
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事forget to do sth.忘记做某事
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事want to do sth.想去做某事
start doing sth.开始做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事
dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
keep doing sth.继续做某事
Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢？
so+adj.+that+从句如此……以至于……
tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事
1. on vacation 度假
vacation意为“假期、假日”；相当于holiday；但vacation表示长的假期。

如：the long vacation 长假
the summer vacation 暑假
the Christmas vacation 圣诞假期
而holiday（尤其美国）指“假日；休息日；休假”。

on vacation = on holiday 意为“度假”
练习Where did Mr.Liu go on ________ vacation?
—He went to Sanya.
A．/ B．a C．an D．the
2. anything interesting 一些有趣的东西
1）something；anything；nothing；everything是指物的不定代词。

somebody；
someone；anybody；anyone；nobody；everybody；everyone是指人的不定代词。

somewhere；anywhere；nowhere；everywhere是指地点的不定代词。

2）当形容词修饰something；anything；nothing；everything等不定代词时；放在这些词的后面；
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3）这些不定代词做主语时；谓语动词用第三人称单数。

如：
Is everybody here? 大家都到齐了吗？
4）something；somebody；someone；somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中；而anything；anybody；anyone；anywhere用于否定句及疑问句中。

如：
Did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事吗？（表疑问）
Why don’t you visit someone with me? 你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢？（表建议）
练习 1.There is in today’s newspaper. Let’s read a storybook.
A. something interesting
B. nothing interesting
C. interesting something
D. interesting nothing
2.Did you go fishing with yesterday?
—Yes；I went with my father.
A.someone
B. anyone
C. no one
D. everyone
3.Is there ________ in the room?
—________.There is only one old desk.
A．anything special；Yes B．anything special；No
C．special anything；Yes D．special anything；No
4.There is ________ interesting in the movie.I'd like to see it again.x k b 1 . c o m A．anything B．Nothing C．everything D．something
3.buy sth. for sb. 或buy sb. sth
如：My parents often buy some books for me. = My parents often buy me some books. 我父母经常给我买书。

4.提建议的句子：
①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping?
②Why don’t you + do sth.? 如：Why don’t you go shopping?
③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping?
④Let’s + do sth. 如：Let’s go shopping
⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?
5.long time no see 好久不见
6.quite a few 相当多
a few 与a little 的区别；few 与little 的区别
⑴ a few 一些修饰可数名词
a little 一些修饰不可数名词两者都表肯定意义
如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。

There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。

⑵ few 少数的修饰可数名词
little 少数的修饰不可数名词但两者都表否定意义
如：He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。

There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。

练习1.I have quite friends. I feel very happy.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
7.most of … …的大多数如：most of the time 大多数时间
练习1.Basketball is popular with boys.________ of them like playing it.
A．Most B．Few C．Much D．Little
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8.Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然没有人感到烦闷。

1）seem意为“好像；似乎；看来”；是个连系动词；构成的短语有：
seem to do sth. 好像做某事如：They seem to talk in class. 他们似乎上课说话。

seem（to be）+adj. 似乎...... 如：He seemed ( to be) ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎
病了。

It seems that + 从句似乎...... 如：It seems that he was ill yesterday. 昨天他似
乎病了。

练习1.—Frank；it ________ that you like to work with animals.
—Yes；I like animals very much.
A．looks B．seems C．sounds D．tastes
2）bored 作形容词；意为“烦闷的；厌倦的”其主语是某人；而boring 也是形容词；其主语是某物。

如：
①My parents ask me to do homework all day. I feel bored.我父母整天叫我做作业；
我感到很厌倦。

②Doing homework all day is a little boring. 整天做作业有点无聊。

相类似的词语还有：
interested adj. 感兴趣的interesting adj. 有趣的
surprised adj. 感到惊奇的surprising adj. 惊奇的
tired 累的tiring 令人疲惫的
excited 兴奋的exciting 令人兴奋/激动的
amazed 惊讶的amazing 令人惊讶的
练习1.The book is .I feel .
A. boring ；boring
B. bored ；boring
C. boring；bored
D. bored ；bored
9. 辨析：get to/reach/arrive
牢记：相同点：都是“到达“的意思
不同点：get to+地点/reach+地点
arrive at+小地点（车站等）/arrive in+大地点（国家等）
注意：若他们后面要加地点副词here；there；home等；则不需要加介词。

练习1.The Smiths_____ New York at 8:00 last night.
A.arrived at
B. got to
C.reach
D.arrived
10. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…乐意做…如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢
踢足球。

enjoy oneself 过得愉快如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得很愉快。

跟它意思相近的词组还有have a good \ great time ；have fun。

练习1.Do you enjoy ________ photos?
A. to take
B.take
C.taking
D.takes
11. decide 意为“决定”；是动词。

它的名词形式为decision。

构成的短语有：
decide to do sth.
decide on doing sth. 决定做某事
make a decision to do sth.
决定不要做某事；要用decide not to do sth.。

如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经决定去北京。

练习1.My parents decide ________ to the beach this week.
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A. go
B. goes
C. to go
D. going
2.Mike decided ________ the museum this Sunday.
A．visit B．Visits C．visiting D．to visit
12.nothing...but...意为“除......之外；只有”；如：
I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我整天除了看电视什么也没干。

13 . feel like 意为：“有什么感觉；感受到”；后跟宾语从句。

另外；构成短语feel like doing sth.意为“想做某事”。

如：
I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟。

I feel like eating.我想吃东西。

14. because of ；because：
because of + 名词/代词/名词性短语如：I had to move because of my job.
因为工作的原因我得搬家。

because +从句如：I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。

练习1.We have to stay at home ________ the heavy rain.
A. because
B. because of
C. but
D. and
st Sunday we didn't go out ________ the rain.
A．because of B．becauseC．in front of D．before
15.below意为“在......下面”；其反义词为above；意为“在......上面”
练习1.—The weather was really cold yesterday.
—Yes.It was five ________ zero last night.
A．under B．belowC．down D．between
16. bring sth.to +地点；意为“带来”；其反义词是take。

如：
Please bring your book to our school. 请把你的书带到我们学校来。

Please take your book to your school. 请把你的书带到你的学校去。

17.enough 足够
形容词＋enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮
enough＋名词如：enough food 足够食物
enough to 足够…去做…
如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。

She is old enough to go to school. 她够大去读书了。

18. so … that如此…以致于
引导结果状语从句；so后面接形容词、副词. that 后面跟从句。

如：She was so sad that she couldn’t say a word. 她悲伤得一句话也说不出来。

19. taste good 尝起来很好吃。

taste系动词用法“尝起来”后+形容词。

其他表示
状态的系动词有：feel（觉得）keep（保持）stay（保持）seem（好像）look （看来像……）smell（闻起来）sound（听起来……）taste（尝起来……）
系动词与形容词连用
I feel sick。

我感到难受。

Keep quiet；please！请安静下来！
The weather stays very hot。

天气非常热。

He seems very clever。

他好像很聪明。

Jim looks like his father。

吉姆长得像他父亲。

The fish smells terrible. 这鱼闻起来坏了。

That sounds a good idea。

那听起来是个好主意。

The soup tastes very delicious。

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这汤尝起来非常香。

语法
一复合不定代词
1、由some；any；no；every加上one；body；thing构成不定代词；成为复合不定代词。

2、用法
（1）复合不定代词相当于名词；在句中可以用作主语、宾语和表语。

Someone is knocking at the door.
I don’t have anything to say today.
Money isn’t everything.
（2）复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式修饰时；形容词和动词不定式后置。

I have something important to tell you.
There is nothing wrong with the radio.
（3）复合不定代词做主语时；表示单数概念；谓语动词用单词形式。

Everything begins to grow in spring.
（4）some-不定代词用在肯定句中或者表示请求的一般疑问句中；any-不定代词多用于疑问句中否定句中。

Will you ask someone to carry the box for me?
Would you like something to drink?
（5）anyone和anything也可以用在肯定句中；表示“任何人”和“任何事”。

Anyone can do it.
I can do anything for you.
巩固练习：
①. I can’t hear anything = I can hear _________.
②. There is __________ on the floor. Please pic k it up.
③. No one ________ how to do it. A. know B. knows C. knowing D. knew
④. There’s ________in the newspaper. You should read it.
A. important something
B. something boring
C. boring
something
D. something
important.
二一般过去时的规则动词和不规则动词
（一）规则变化
构成规则：
在动词末尾直接加-ed . 例如；work -worked ；look -looked ；play –played 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词；直接加-d . 例如；live –lived ；hope –hoped ；use –used
以辅音字母+y结尾的；变y为i再加-ed . 例如；study –studied ；carry –carried ；worry –worried
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的；双写最后的辅音字母；再加-ed .
例如；stop –stopped ；plan–planned
（二）不规则变化
1. 没有变化；即：与动词原形一样。

例如；cut –cut ；put –put ；read
–read
2. 变化元音；例如；write- wrote ；know ––came
3. 变化辅音；例如；make –made ；spend –spent ；send –sent
4. 辅音和元音都变化；例如；leave –left ；teach –taught ；think –
thought
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5. 其他情况；例如；is –was ；are –were ；have –had
练习1.I _____________( have ) a good time with my family in that city last year.
2. ___________Helen often ______________(go )shopping on Sundays ?
3. Tony ____________( not finish ) his homework on time yesterday .
4. ___________your parents _______( buy ) you a gift for your last birthday ?
5. my father often ____________( ride ) his bike to work .
6.—Where ________ you ________ lunch?
—At home. There was no school lunch.
A. did；have
B. are；having
C. will；have
D. do ；have
巩固练习
单项选择
1.Did you do _______ on your vacation； Alice?
A.anything fun
B.fun anything
C.something fun
D.fun something
2.Did you go _____?
A.interesting somewhere
B.somewhere interesting
C.anywhere interesting
D.interesting anywhere
3.I went to summer ______.
A.vacations
B.day
C.vacation
D.camp
4.Where did you go _____ vacation?
A.to
B.on
C.for
D.in
5.And _______ the bad weather； we couldn’t see anything below.
A.and
B.because
C.but
D.because of
6._______ kind girl Jenny is!
A.What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
7.Did you study ______your test?
A.on
B.at
C.for
D.in
8.—I didn’t bring back anything from Malaysia.
—_______ at all?
A.Something
B.Anything
C.Nothing
D.Everything
9.She isn’t ________to carry the box.
A.enough strong
B.strong enough
C.enough young
D.Young enough
10.---Oh； dear； we have____food left.
---don’t worry. I’ll go and buy some.
A.a few
B.a little
C.few
D.little
11.—________ did you go last weekend?
—I went to the mountains with my classmates.
A．How B．When C．Where D．Who
12.Yesterday the boys ________ to the park and ________ a good time there.
A．go；have B．went；have
C．go；had D．went；had
13.—Did you like your vacation?
—________.It was great.
A．Yes；I was B．No；I wasn't
C．Yes；I did D．No；I didn't
14.—How was your vacation；Grace?
—________.I had a wonderful time.
A．It is bad B．It was great
C．It was bad D．It is great
15.—I couldn't do anything but study for the tests during the vacation.
—________.Your parents are too strict(严格的) with you
A．Sounds terrible B．No problem
C．For sure D．Good idea
16.How was your vacation?
—______ . I liked it very much.
A. Very bad
B. Wonderful
C. I’m fine
D. Have a good time
17.—What would you like?
—We'd like two ________ and some beef soup.
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A．bowls of rices B．bowl of rice
C．bowls of rice D．bowl of rices
18.I ate a big bowl of noodles five minutes ago.Now I'm not ________.
A．tried B．hungryC．cold D．busy
19.—May I use your dictionary；Cindy?
—________；here you are.
A．Sorry B．Great C．Thanks D．Of course
20.—Did you learn English by ________？
—No.Mr.Smith taught me.
A．you B．yours C．yourself D．yourselves
21.—________ did you go to the beach with?
—Tom and Jack.
A．Where B．When C．Who D．How
22.I ________ the new museum ________ my classmate last weekend.
A．visit；with B．visited；for C．visit；for D．visited；with
二、句型转换。

1.I went to New York City. (对划线部分提问）
_______ did you _______ on vacation?
2.I bought something special for my father. （改为一般疑问句）
________ you buy ________ special for your father?
3.I don’t like the man. (改为同义句）
I _______ the man.
4.Everyone had a great time. （改为同义句）
Everyone _______ _______.
5.The Malaysia yellow noodles were delicious. （对划线部分提问）
________ _______ the Malaysia yellow noodles?
四、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。

1.We didn’t have an u__________ so we were wet and cold.
2.The food tasted great because I was so h_________!
3.E__________ was on vacation.
4.It was ____________(精彩的).
5.I just stayed at home ________(大多数) of the time to read and relax.
6.My father didn’t bring _________(足够的) money.
7.I _______(想知道) what life was like here in the past.
8.We w________ over an hour for the train because there were too many people.
9.Why didn’t you buy anything for _________(你自己)?
10.What ________(活动) do you find enjoyable?
五、翻译下列句子。

1.昨天你吃什么食物了？
_______ ________ _______ you _______ yesterday?
2.你觉得这次旅行怎么样？
How did you _______ _______ the trip?
3.似乎没有人感到无聊。

No one _______ _______ _________.
4.我感觉我是一只鸟。

I ________ ________ I was a bird.
5.我们想要走到山顶；天却开始下雨了。

We wanted to ______ _______ ________ ________；but then it started raining a little.
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