人教八年级上英语Unit3知识点总结

Unit3 I ' more outgoing than my sister
Section A
1. He has shorter hair than Sam他的头发比萨姆的短。

than比.... (用于adj adv比较级
之后)
当两个人或物进行比较时，要用adj比较级。

比较级+ than表示比……更……。

一般adj 或adv比较级是在词后加-er。

但要注意比较的对象。

2. 反意疑问句: 在陈述句后附加一个简短问句，征询肯定或否定的意见，或者希望得到陈述句所说的得到证实。

( 1 )肯定陈述句＋否定提问
Lily is a student, isn 'sh t e? Lily will go to China, won't she?
(2) 否定陈述句＋肯定提问
She doesn'c t ome from China, does she? Youhaven'fi t nished homework, have you?
(3) 提问部分用代词而不用名词Lily is a student, isn 's t he?
(4) 陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如little, few, never, nothing, hardly 等。

其反意疑问句用肯定式。

He knows little En glish, does he?他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？
They hardly un derstood it, did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗？
3. a little, much a lot a bit ,far,a ny, no 等可以+ 比较级
4. Tara works as hard as Tina塔拉学习跟蒂娜一样努力。

...(not) as + adj或adv原级+ as...原级比较，..... 和.. (不)一样
(1) …not as + adj或adv原级+ as...表示双方在某个方面不同
(2) His English is not as good as hers. 他英语不如她的好。

He doesn'w t ork as hard as his brother. 他没有他哥哥工作努力。

(2)as + adj或adv原级+ as表示双方在某个方面一样。

She is as tall as me.她跟我一样高。

I run as fast as he does 我跑得跟他一样快。

5. work hard 动词短语努力工作hard work 名词短语艰苦的工作
hard-working adj 勤劳的、努力工作的
比较级为more hard-working 更努力less hard-working 不努力
6. beat win v 赢
(1) beat 打赢战胜+所战胜的对手
(2) win 赢得战胜++比赛，奖品，竞赛，战争等名词
We played very well, and beat them. 我们发挥得很好，击败了他们
They won the match this time. 这次他们赢了这场比赛。

7. have fun (in) doing sth 做某事很有趣
Section B
1. be tale nted in 在...有天赋tale nted adj 有才能的，有才干的be tale nted in music 有音乐天赋
2. (1)care about 关心；在意care v
We should care about the old peopled 们应该关心老年人。

(2) care for 喜欢，关心+ 名词或v-ing 形式作宾语，take care of 也有这个意思。

He cared nothi ng for skati ng.他对滑冰没有兴趣。

In our class, we care for each other在我们班上，我们相互关心。

Maria takes good care of everybod y 玛丽亚很关心大家。

(3) care for 照顾，照料=take care of 或look after At night he fed and cared for the cattle夜
里他照料牲口，给牲口喂
食。

You must care for yourselves.=You must look after yourselves.
The children are well cared for in the nurseries.=The children are taken good care of in the n urseries.
3. make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
make+ sb./ sth.+adj 让某人/ 某事怎样
Our teacher makes us work ten hours a day 我们老师让我们一天学习10 个小时。

His words make us happy .他的话使我们感到很高兴。

4」augh at sb.嘲笑,笑话；取笑(某人) Don' taugh at me!不要取笑我！
(1) laugh 发笑出声大笑不但有面部表情，还有动作声音，多指快乐、高兴
(2) smile 笑、微笑，无声的微笑面部表情怀好意、善意smile at 向 ........ 微笑
He who laughs last laughs bes．t 谁笑在最后谁笑得最好。

Don' taugh at him.不要嘲笑他。

He smiles at me他朝我微笑。

5. They ' breoth tall. 他们两个都是高个子。

(1) both adj./pron./adv.两个都 ..... 用在be动词助动词情态动词后，行为动词
前You are both too young./They both speak English.
(2) Both of…..+名词复数(复数谓语) Both of the flowers are beautiful.两朵花都很漂
亮。

Both of 接人称代词宾格或复数名词，接复数名词时of 可以省略
both…and••两者都…(复数谓语)反义词组：neither…nor两者都不…(谓语单复数按照就近原则)
(3) both 与all
both 指两者all 指三者或三者以上
My pare nts are both fine.我父母都好。

We are all here 我们都在这儿。

⑷both A and B A和B都…既A又B
(5) neither 两者都不both of/neither of 两者都/都不
They are both students.= Both of them are students. 他们两个都是学生。

Neither of them is a doctor.他们两个都不是医生。

6. be like 像like prep She is like her mother. 她长得像他妈妈。

like v 喜欢
like sth. 喜欢某物like sb. 喜欢某人
like to do sth.喜欢做某事I like to have friends who are like me.我喜欢交像我一样的朋
友。

like diong sth. 喜欢做某事(习惯性动作，爱好)
7. serious adj 严肃的；认真的；严重的
(1)be serious about sth. 对...很认真
He was serious about the matter 他对那件事很认真。

(2) be serious with sb. 对某人要求严格
(3) nothing serious 没有什么严重的
There ' n s thing much serious with you.对你来说没那么严重。

8.It ' s+ado+sb.+ to do sth. It ' s+adj.+f .+ to do sth It形式主语，to do sth真正主语。

做某事对某人来说怎么样
(1) 表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式adj ，easy, hard, difficult, i nteresti ng, importa ng,impossible 用for
(2) 表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的adj ，
good, kind, ni ce, clever, foolish, right 用of It's importa nt for him to study En glish well.
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。

9.as long as只要；既然
You don' need a lot of friends as long ashey ' good你不需要很多朋友，只要他们好就可以了。

(1) 只要引导条件状语从句You will get good gradess as long as you work hard.
(2) 既然引导原因状语从
句As long as you want to stay at homel,et ' p s lay chess at home.
10」t necesssary for sb to d(sth=It necessary that sb... 11. My friend is the same as me我的朋友和我一样。

be the sameas…禾口. 一样反义词组be different from …与 .... 不同的
My bike is different from yours.= My bike is not the same as yours. 我的系行车和你的不一样。

difference n 不同；不用之处可做可数名词，也可用作不可数名词。

There is no differe nee betwee n the twi ns那对双胞胎长得一样。

There are some differences between Tom and Bob.
12. bring out 使显现；使表现出I want to bring out the meaning of the poem.
(1) 出版，生产The company will bring out the new book.
⑵bring out the best/worst in sb把某人最好/最坏的一面展现出来
13. not as/so adj/adv as ... =less adj/adv than..不. 如，不及
14. if 是否引导宾语从句用于ask know wonder find out 等动词后如果引导条件状语从句主
句一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来
15. reach for伸手取某物touch one' heart感动某人
put one' heart into sth用全部精力做某事take heart鼓起勇气
16. break v 使破/裂碎损坏broke broken
break into强行进入break off中断说话break down出故障break one' arm伤了胳
膊
17. be similar to...与相似(注意与be the same a区另U) My pen is similar to yours.我的钢笔和你的相似。

18. need v 需要
n eed sth需要. Pla nt n eeds water.
need to do sth. 需要做You didn ' need to tell him the news ,
it just made him sad need doing sth.=need to be done 需要被怎么样Flowers need watering.
【拓展】need作情态动词，后+动词原形，必要，必须。

need多用于疑问句，否定句或条件状语从句中。

You needn' t t alk so loud. 你不必这么大声说话。

19. However 然而；但是，表转折关系，与but 意义相同，但but 一般谓语句首，而however 比较正式，可位于句首、句中或句末，且常用逗号隔开。

You didn ' fi t nish your homework. You can, however, do it now. 你还没有完成家庭作业，但是现在你可以写了。