高考英语一轮复习学案14：Unit 2 English around the world精品学案

Unit 2 English around the world
Ⅰ.单词回顾
(一)拓展单词
1．__________adj. 官方的；正式的→__________adv. 官方地；正式地
2．__________adv. 实际上；事实上→__________adj. 实际的；真实的
3．__________vt.以……为根据n. 基部；基地；基础→__________adj. 基本的；基础的→__________n. 基础；基本原则
4．__________adj. 逐渐的；逐步的→__________adv. 逐渐地；逐步地
5．__________n. 拼写；拼字；拼法→spell vi. &vt.拼；拼写
6．__________adj. 较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的→__________adj. 最新的；最近的→__________adv. 后来adj. 后期的→__________adv. 近来；最近
7．__________adj. 流利的；流畅的→__________adv. 流利地；流畅地→__________n. 流利；流畅
8．__________adj. 频繁的；常见的→__________adv. 常常；频繁地
9．__________n. 命令；指令；掌握vt.命令→__________n．负责人；司令官
10．__________n. 使用；用法→__________vt.使用n. 用途→__________adj. 有用的→__________adj. 无用的
11．__________n. 词语；表示；表达→__________vt.表达
12．__________vt.辨认出；承认；公认→__________n. 承认；公认
(二)重点单词
1．voyage n．__________
2．native adj. __________
n．__________
3．enrich vt.__________
4．vocabulary n．__________
5．identity n．__________
6．command n. &vt.__________
7．request n. &vt.__________
8．accent n. __________
9．straight adv. __________
adj. __________
10．block n．__________
【联想】
1．名词＋-al 后缀变形容词
①office→ __________官方的
②benefit→__________有益的
③commerce→__________商业的
④face→__________表面的
⑤society→__________社会的
2．“前缀en-＋形容词/名词”变动词
①rich→__________使充实
②able→__________使能够
③large→__________使扩大
④sure→__________确保；担保
⑤danger→__________使……遭遇危险
⑥title→__________给……起题目/命名
⑦courage→__________鼓励
3．形容词＋-ly后缀变副词
①fluent→__________流利地
②frequent→__________频繁地；经常地
③actual→__________实际上
④entire→__________完全；全部地
⑤gradual→__________逐渐地
⑥fortunate→__________幸运地
⑦final→__________最后
⑧extreme→__________极其
4．late联想篇
①__________adj.&adv.晚的；迟到的；最近的；晚
②__________adv.以后；后来adj.以后的；晚年的
③__________adv. 近来；最近
④__________adj. 最新的；最近的
⑤__________n. 后者adj. 后面的
⑥the __________...the latter... 前者……后者……Ⅱ.短语回顾
1．__________由于；因为
2．__________走近；上来；提出
3．__________现在；目前
4．__________利用；使用
5．__________例如……；像这种的
6．__________扮演一个角色；参与
7．__________以……作为……的基础
8．__________ ……的数量
9．__________超过；不止；非常
10．__________信不信由你
【联想】
1．than 的相关短语
①__________ than 超过；非常；不仅仅
②__________ more than 仅仅；只不过
③__________ more than 至多；不超过
④__________ than 除了
⑤__________ than 宁愿；而不是
2．“at＋名词”的短语
①at __________目前；现在
②at __________处于危险中
③at __________在航海
④at __________在交战
⑤at __________在劳动
⑥at __________自由自在；舒适
Ⅲ.佳句必背
1．不定式作目的状语
Later in the next century, people from England made voyages ______________________________ and ____________________,English began to be spoken in many other countries.
后来，在下一个世纪，英国人(开始)航海征服世界其他地区，于是，许多别的国家也开始说英语了。

2．even if引导让步状语从句
Native English speakers can understand each other __________ they don't speak the same kind of English.
以英语为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。

3．no such...as... 没有……
Believe it or not, there is ____________________ as standard English.
信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语可言。

4．it作形式主语
It is not easy for a Chinese person ____________________ a native English speaker.
对中国人来说，想把英语说得像英国人一样好，并不是件容易的事。

5．because引导表语从句
____________________ in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.
这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。

6．the way引导定语从句
However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences ____________________.
然而，看电视和听收音机时你会听到人们说话方式的不同。

7．the same...as句型
So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost__________ dialect __________ people in the northwestern USA.
因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部地区的人所说的方言几乎是一样的。

Ⅳ.课文回顾
At the end of the 16th century, English was only spoken by people from England. They were
native speakers. Today, the largest number of people __1__ (speak) English may be in China. A lot of Chinese people speak English __2__ their foreign language.
The English language __3__ (change) quite a lot over the last four centuries. Old English sounded more __4__ less like German for it __5__ (base) on German, but modern English sounds __6__ (much) like French than German because England was once ruled by the French.
Two people had great effects __7__ the English changes. __8__ was Shakespeare, who __9__ (enrich) the English vocabulary; the other was Noah Webster, who wrote a dictionary which gave American English __10__ (it) own identity.
Ⅴ.单元语法
间接引语(Ⅱ)
1．The teacher said to me, “Don't be late again.”
→The teacher advised/asked me ____________________ again.
2．“Please help me carry the suitcase，” the woman said to him.
→The woman a sked him ____________________ carry the suitcase.
3．Tom said, “Let's go to the park this afternoon.”
→Tom suggested ____________________ to the park that afternoon.
4．He said to them, “Don't go out at night.”
→He ordered ____________________ at night.
5．The teacher said to me, “Will you please not smoke here？”
→The teacher ____________________ there.
核心单词重难突破
1．native adj. 本国的；本地的n. 本地人；本国人
Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。

be native to 产于……
a native of... ……的人
[练习] 单句语法填空
①It is well-known that the panda is native __________ China.
②Mr Smith, a native __________ New York, came to China to give English lessons at Jiangnan University.
2．base vt.以……为根据n. 基部；基地；基础
It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。

(1)base...on... 根据……；以……为基础
(sth.) be based on...以……为基础
(2)basis n. 基础；基本原则
on the basis of 根据；在……的基础上；基于
(3)basic adj. 基本的；基础的
[练习] (1)单句语法填空
①__________ (base) on a novel by Liu Zhenyun, Backto 1942 tells the true story of Henan Province.
②__________ (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
③Just as the saying goes, “One tree doesn't make a forest.” Our success is based __________ cooperating with others.
(2)完成句子
The theory he put up __________ his many years' research, so it was practical.
他提出的理论是以他多年的科学研究为依据的，因此是切实可行的。

3．gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地
Many old customs are gradually dying out.
许多旧习俗都在日渐消逝。

[练习] 单句语法填空
__________ (gradual), they began to look at me with respectful eyes.
4．latter adj. 较后的；后半的；(两者中的)后者
Mary and Jane are both my friends. The former is a clerk in a bank and the latter teaches English in a middle school.
玛丽和简都是我的朋友，前者是银行的职员，后者在中学教英语。

the former...the latter... 前者……后者……
[练习] 完成句子
If I had to make a dicision, I would choose __________ over __________.
如果让我做决定，我会选择前者而不是后者。

5．identity n. 本身；本体；身份；同一性；相同；一致
The police are trying to discover the identity of the killer.
警察正努力调查杀人凶手的身份。

(1)identification n. 鉴定；辨认；确认
(2)identify v. 确认；认出；鉴定
identify sb./sth.(as sb./sth.)显示、说明身份
[练习] (1)单句语法填空
The police can't __________ (identity) the dead man in the traffic accident.
(2)完成句子
Our strong sense of __________ has been shaped by our history.
历史造就了我们强烈的民族认同感。

6．frequently adv. 常常；频繁地
Buses run frequently between the city and the airport.
公共汽车频繁地往来于城市与机场之间。

[练习] 单句语法填空
She __________ (frequent) visited the park near her house.
7．command n. [C]命令；指令[U]掌握；控制vt.命令；指挥；支配
Can you find the following command and request from Reading?
你能从阅读材料中找到下面的命令和请求吗？
(1)at one's command 听某人支配
have a (good) command of 掌握；精通(尤指语言)
take command of 控制；担任……的指挥
(2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that... (should) do... 命令……做……
[点拨] command后面跟从句时，从句谓语用(should＋) do/be done，以下动词具有相同的用法：
一坚持：insist
二命令：order, command；
三建议：suggest, advise, recommend；
四要求：demand, request, require, desire；
再加一个敦促：urge。

[练习] (1)单句语法填空
①I'm __________ your command—what would you like me to do?
②The police commanded the witness __________ (describe) what had happened the day before.
③The teacher commanded that the students __________ (hand) in their homework after class.
(2)完成句子
We are supposed to learn English well because ____________________ means more opportunities in the future.
我们理应学好英语，因为精通英语意味着在将来有更多的机会。

8．request n. &vt.请求；要求
Can you find the following command and request from Reading?
你能从阅读材料中找到下面的命令和请求吗？
(1)make a request for 请求；要求
at one's request＝at the request of sb. 应某人的要求
(2)request sb. to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事
request that...(should) do...请求/要求……做某事
It is requested that...(should) do...要求……
[练习] (1)单句语法填空
①Mrs Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks requesting students __________ (give) their answers.
②Our teacher made a request that we __________ (be) well prepared for the exam.
(2)完成句子
__________that every guest present at tonight's party (should) bring a gift with him.
请出席今晚宴会的每位客人自带一份礼物。

9．recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认
Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other's dialects.
虽然许多美国人经常搬迁，但是他们仍然能够辨别并理解彼此的方言。

(1)recognize one's voice/handwriting/sb.辨认出某人的声音/笔迹/某人
recognize sb./sth. as/to be... 承认某人/物是……
be recognized as/to be... 被大家承认/被普遍接受是……
It is (generally) recognized that... 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认出；承认；确认；认可
beyond recognition 难以认出
receive much recognition 大受赏识；大受注意
[练习] 单句语法填空
①I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond __________ (recognize)．
②Everyone recognized him __________ the lawful heir (法定继承人)．
10．expect vt.预料；预计；期望；盼望
I'm expecting a telephone call from her.
我正在等她的电话。

(1)be expected to do/expect (sb.) to do 期望做某事
expect sb./sth./that 从句期待；盼望
I expect not/I don't expect so 我认为不会
(2)expectation n. 期望
[练习] 单句语法填空
①I expect her __________ (attend) my party.
②We try our best to live up to our teacher's __________ (expect)．
11．separate adj. 单独的；独立的v. 离开；分离
The two cities are separated by a highway.
这两座城市被一条公路隔开。

(1)vt.分离；分开separate A from B 把A和B分开
divide...into...把……分成……
(2)adj .⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 单独的；独立的：live in separate rooms 住在单独的房间不同的：three separate occasions 三个不同的场合
[练习] 单句语法填空
①I separated the good apples __________ the bad ones and she divided the best __________ halves.
②Millie's parents __________ (separate) when she was five years old.
12．expression n . 词语；短语；表情；表达
Freedom of expression is a basic human right.
言论自由是基本的人权。

(1)facial expression 面部表情
(2)express vt .表达
[练习] 单句语法填空
His facial __________ (express) suggested that he was angry.
重点短语 拓展延伸
1．more than (＝over 多于；超过＝not only 不仅；不止)
Do you know that there is more than one kind of English?
英语不止一种，你知道吗？
more A than B 与其说(是)B 不如说(是)A
not more than 不多于
more than one ＋单数名词不止一个……(作主语时谓语动词用单数)
no more than 仅仅；只是；和……一样不
more or less ＝almost 差不多；几乎
the more..., the more...越……，越……
[练习] (1)单句语法填空
She was more sad__________ angry when her son lied to her again.
(2)单句改错
①More than one girl in my class are fond of dancing. __________
②Paper-cutting is a traditional art form in China with a history of much than 1,500 years.
__________
2．because of 因为(后跟名词、代词及名词性从句)
He missed the train because of the traffic jam.
由于交通堵塞，他错过了火车。

表示“由于；因为”的短语
due to 作表语或状语
owing to 作表语或状语
as a result of 作状语
on account of 作状语
for the reason of 作状语
thanks to (幸亏)作表语或状语
[辨析]
[练习] 单句改错
Because his carelessness, he didn't pass driving test.__________ 3．come up 出现；发生；走近；升起；提出
I'd like to come up to your apartment.
我愿意来你的公寓。

come about 发生；产生
come across/come upon 偶遇；碰到
come to 苏醒；总数为；结果是；涉及；谈到
come out 出版；出现；显露；发表；结果是
come up with 提出；想出
come down (价格、温度、比率等)下降；降低
come on 快来；得了吧
when it comes to (doing) sth. 当谈及(做)某事时
[点拨] (1)come up“被提出”，其主语是被提出的内容，主动表示被动；(2)come up with“提出”，其主语是提出某项内容的人，后面的宾语是被提出的内容。

[练习] 完成句子
①Our class __________ the idea to make better use of used materials.
我们班想出了更好地利用废料的办法。

②A solution __________ at the end of the meeting.
在会议结束时想到了解决方法。

③While cleaning the house yesterday, I __________ an old photograph of my mother.
在打扫房屋时，我偶然发现了一张妈妈的旧照片。

④Can you explain how it __________ that you were an hour late?
你能解释一下你为什么迟到一个小时吗？
4．at present(＝at the present time)现在；目前
It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。

present adj. 存在的；目前的；在场的v．授予；提出；提交；n.礼物；目前
(1)be present at 出席……
(2)presentsth. to sb.＝present sb. with sth.向某人赠送某物
(3)for the present＝for the time being 目前；暂时
[点拨] at present 作为高级词汇替换now 。

[练习] (1)单句语法填空
①We were present __________ the concert while Tom was absent from it.
②The mayor presented him __________ a gold medal at an official city reception.
(2)完成句子
①__________ I do not have information on the meeting you asked about.
目前我没有任何你询问的那次会议的信息。

②I will leave the matter as it stands __________.
我暂时不会处理这件事。

5．make use of 利用；使用
So by the 1600's Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。

⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫make full use of make good use of
make the most of make the best of 充分利用 come into use 开始被使用
bring/put...to use 加以使用
be of great use 很有用
It is no use doing sth. 做……没用
[点拨] 对于make use of 这个短语，除了熟练掌握它的含义外，还应注意以下两点： ①把use 提前，使用被动语态。

②把use 提前用作先行词，其后接定语从句。

[练习] (1)单句语法填空
①You'd better make __________ (good) of your spare time.
②Better use should be made __________ advanced technology.
③My mother always told us it is no use __________ (cry) over spilt milk.
(2)单句改错
There is no denying that the Internet is great use in our daily life.__________
6．such as 例如
Our facial expressions convey our emotions, such as anger, joy, or disappointment.
面部表情表达我们的情绪，如生气、高兴或失望。

such...as 像……这种的；诸如……之类的
⎭⎬⎫
for example for instance 例如
[辨析]
[练习] 完成句子
①He has been to many countries, __________ Canada, Great Britain and Japan.
他曾去过很多国家，如加拿大、英国和日本。

②Offices can easily become more environmentally-friendly, __________ using recycled paper.
办公室很容易变得更环保，比如说，用再生纸。

7．play a part (in )在……中扮演角色；起作用；参与
Geography also plays a part in making dialects.
地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。

play a part (role) in 在……中扮演角色；在……中起作用
take an active part in 积极参与
play the leading part 起带头作用
[练习] 完成句子
Friends ____________________ our lives, although we may take friendship for granted. 朋友在我们的生活中起着重要的作用，尽管我们可能认为友谊是理所当然的。

8．believe it or not 信不信由你(用作插入语)
Believe it or not, John cheated in the exams.
信不信由你，约翰在考试中作弊了。

常见的插入语
generally speaking 一般来说
to tell(you) the truth 说实话
to make matters worse 使问题更糟糕的是
judging by/from his accent 从他的口音来判断
[练习] 完成句子
①____________________,the examination tomorrow is put off.
信不信由你，明天的考试被推迟了。

②I lost my way in complete darkness and ____________________,it began to rain.
我在漆黑的夜里迷路了，更糟糕的是，开始下起雨来了。

典型句式精讲精练
1．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。

even if/even though 通常引导让步状语从句，意为“即使；尽管”，所引导的从句常用一般现在时代指将来。

当主从句主语相同时也可采用省略句结构
[练习] (1)单句语法填空
①He will tell the truth to the public even __________ it means he will lose his job.
②He won't come to our party even if __________ (invite)．
(2)完成句子
My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, ______________________________.
尽管我的祖父已经九十多岁了，但他仍不时打网球。

2．Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.
如今中国学英语的人数正在迅猛增长。

(1)a (large/small/certain)number of/numbers of＋名词复数大量的/少量的/一定量的……(作主语时谓语动词用复数形式)
(2)the number of＋名词……的数量(作主语时谓语动词用单数形式)
[练习] 单句语法填空
①A number of students __________ (plant) trees on the hill now.
②The number of students in our class __________ (be) 50.
3．Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.
信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语可言。

句中“no such ＋单数名词”意为“没有这样的……”，其中单数名词前不可再加冠词，相当于“n ot such a/an ＋单数名词”
such 还可用于以下几种结构：
such ＋⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧⎭
⎪⎬⎪⎫a (n )＋adj . ＋单数名词adj . ＋复数名词adj . ＋不可数名词＋that 结果状语从句 such... as... 像……这样的……，as 在句中引导定语从句
[练习] (1)完成句子
①As the saying goes, there is __________ as a free lunch in the world.
常言道，在这个世界上并没有免费的午餐。

②He was ______________________________ we were all deeply moved.
他是一位如此负责的老师，以至于我们都被深深地感动了。

(2)单句改错
①No such a person but Peter can perform so perfectly.__________
②This is such a difficult problem as all of us can't work it out.__________
4．This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.
这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。

(1)This/That is because... 意为“这/那是因为……”，用来表示原因
(2)This/That is why... 意为“这/那是为什么……”，用来表示结果
(3)The reason why...is that... 意为“……的原因就是……”，why 引导定语从句，that 引导表语从句
[练习] (1)单句语法填空
①He did not see the film last night. That is __________ he had to help his little sister with her homework.
②The reason __________ we have to study computer is that it becomes more and more useful in our daily life.
③He and I have worked together for a couple of years; that's__________ I know him pretty
well.
(2)一句多译
①He missed the first bus and ____________________ he got up late this morning.
②He got up late this morning and ____________________ he missed the first bus.
③He got up late this morning, ____________________ he missed the first bus.
他没能赶上早班车，那是因为他今天早上起晚了。

5．So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA.
因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部地区的人所说的方言几乎是一样的。

the same (...) as... 与……一样
先行词之前有the same 作定语时，引导定语从句的关系代词只能是that 或as：
the same (...) as... 意为“和……一样，和……相似”，定语从句中as 所指代的人或物与先行词是同一类
the same (...) that 意为“和……一样”，定语从句中that 所指代的人或物与先行词是同一个
[练习] 单句语法填空
①Our English teacher wore the same clothes __________ he did yesterday.
②The place looks much the same __________ it did 10 years ago.
——★参考答案★——
Ⅰ.单词回顾
(一)拓展单词
1．official; officially 2．actually; actual 3．base; basic;basis 4．gradual; gradually 5．spelling spell 6．latter; latest; later; lately 7．fluent; fluently; fluency 8．frequent; frequently 9．command;commander 10．usage; use; useful; useless 11．expression; express12．recognize; recognition
(二)重点单词
1．航行；航海
2．本国的；本地的；本国人；本地人
3．使富裕；充实；改善
4．词汇；词汇量；词表
5．本身；本体；身份
6．命令；指令；掌握
7．请求；要求
8．口音；重音；腔调
9．直接；挺直；直的；笔直的；正直的
10．街区；块；木块；石块
【联想】
1．①official②beneficial③commercial④facial⑤social
2．①enrich②enable③enlarge ④ensure ⑤endanger ⑥entitle ⑦encourage
3．①fluently ②frequently ③actually ④entirely ⑤gradually ⑥fortunately ⑦finally ⑧extremely
4．①late②later③lately④latest⑤latter⑥former
Ⅱ.短语回顾
1．becauseof 2．comeup 3．atpresent 4．makeuseof 5．suchas 6．playapart(in) 7．base...on... 8．thenumberof …9．morethan 10．believeitornot
【联想】
1．①more ②no ③not ④other ⑤rather
2．①present②risk③sea④war⑤work⑥ease
Ⅲ.佳句必背
1．toconquerotherpartsoftheworld and becauseofthat
2．evenif
3．nosuchthing
4．tospeakEnglishaswellas
5．Thisisbecause
6．inthewaypeoplespeak
7．thesame; as
Ⅳ.课文回顾
1．speaking 2.as 3.haschanged 4.or 5.wasbased6．more7.on/upon8.One 9.enriched10.its
Ⅴ.单元语法
间接引语(Ⅱ)
1．nottobelate
2．tohelpher
3．them/theirgoing
4．themnottogoout
5．askedmenottosmoke
核心单词重难突破
1．①to ②of
2．(1)①Based ②Basing ③on/upon(2)wasbasedon
3．Gradually
4．theformer; thelatter
5．(1) identify (2) nationalidentity
6．frequently
7．(1)①at ②todescribe ③(should)hand
(2)havingagoodcommandofEnglish
8．(1)①togive②(should)be (2)Itisrequested
9．①recognition ②as
10．①toattend ②expectations
11．①from; into ②separated
12．expression
重点短语拓展延伸
1．(1)than (2)①are改为is②much改为more
2．Because后加of
3．①cameupwith②cameup③cameacross④cameabout
4．(1)①at②with
(2)①Atpresent②forthepresent
5．(1)①thebest ②of ③crying
(2)great前加of
6．①suchas ②forexample
7．playanimportantpartin
8．①Believeitornot②tomakemattersworse
典型句式精讲精练
1．(1)①if/though②invited
(2)evenif/thoughhe'sinhisnineties
2．①areplanting ②is
3．(1)①nosuchthing②sucharesponsibleteacherthat/soresponsibleateacherthat
(2)①去掉a②as改为that
4．(1)①because ②why③why
(2)①thatwasbecause②thatwaswhy③whichwaswhy
5．①that ②as
Unit 2 English around the world
Ⅰ.单词回顾
(一)拓展单词
1．__________adj. 官方的；正式的→__________adv. 官方地；正式地
2．__________adv. 实际上；事实上→__________adj. 实际的；真实的
3．__________vt.以……为根据n. 基部；基地；基础→__________adj. 基本的；基础的→__________n. 基础；基本原则
4．__________adj. 逐渐的；逐步的→__________adv. 逐渐地；逐步地
5．__________n. 拼写；拼字；拼法→spell vi. &vt.拼；拼写
6．__________adj. 较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的→__________adj. 最新的；最近的→__________adv. 后来adj. 后期的→__________adv. 近来；最近
7．__________adj. 流利的；流畅的→__________adv. 流利地；流畅地→__________n. 流利；流畅
8．__________adj. 频繁的；常见的→__________adv. 常常；频繁地
9．__________n. 命令；指令；掌握vt.命令→__________n．负责人；司令官
10．__________n. 使用；用法→__________vt.使用n. 用途→__________adj. 有用的→__________adj. 无用的
11．__________n. 词语；表示；表达→__________vt.表达
12．__________vt.辨认出；承认；公认→__________n. 承认；公认
(二)重点单词
1．voyage n．__________
2．native adj. __________
n．__________
3．enrich vt.__________
4．vocabulary n．__________
5．identity n．__________
6．command n. &vt.__________
7．request n. &vt.__________
8．accent n. __________
9．straight adv. __________
adj. __________
10．block n．__________
【联想】
1．名词＋-al 后缀变形容词
①office→ __________官方的
②benefit→__________有益的
③commerce→__________商业的
④face→__________表面的
⑤society→__________社会的
2．“前缀en-＋形容词/名词”变动词
①rich→__________使充实
②able→__________使能够
③large→__________使扩大
④sure→__________确保；担保
⑤danger→__________使……遭遇危险
⑥title→__________给……起题目/命名
⑦courage→__________鼓励
3．形容词＋-ly后缀变副词
①fluent→__________流利地
②frequent→__________频繁地；经常地
③actual→__________实际上
④entire→__________完全；全部地
⑤gradual→__________逐渐地
⑥fortunate→__________幸运地
⑦final→__________最后
⑧extreme→__________极其
4．late联想篇
①__________adj.&adv.晚的；迟到的；最近的；晚
②__________adv.以后；后来adj.以后的；晚年的
③__________adv. 近来；最近
④__________adj. 最新的；最近的
⑤__________n. 后者adj. 后面的
⑥the __________...the latter... 前者……后者……Ⅱ.短语回顾
1．__________由于；因为
2．__________走近；上来；提出
3．__________现在；目前
4．__________利用；使用
5．__________例如……；像这种的
6．__________扮演一个角色；参与
7．__________以……作为……的基础
8．__________ ……的数量
9．__________超过；不止；非常
10．__________信不信由你
【联想】
1．than 的相关短语
①__________ than 超过；非常；不仅仅
②__________ more than 仅仅；只不过
③__________ more than 至多；不超过
④__________ than 除了
⑤__________ than 宁愿；而不是
2．“at＋名词”的短语
①at __________目前；现在
②at __________处于危险中
③at __________在航海
④at __________在交战
⑤at __________在劳动
⑥at __________自由自在；舒适
Ⅲ.佳句必背
1．不定式作目的状语
Later in the next century, people from England made voyages ______________________________ and ____________________,English began to be spoken in many other countries.
后来，在下一个世纪，英国人(开始)航海征服世界其他地区，于是，许多别的国家也开始说英语了。

2．even if引导让步状语从句
Native English speakers can understand each other __________ they don't speak the same kind of English.
以英语为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。

3．no such...as... 没有……
Believe it or not, there is ____________________ as standard English.
信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语可言。

4．it作形式主语
It is not easy for a Chinese person ____________________ a native English speaker.
对中国人来说，想把英语说得像英国人一样好，并不是件容易的事。

5．because引导表语从句
____________________ in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.
这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。

6．the way引导定语从句
However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences ____________________.
然而，看电视和听收音机时你会听到人们说话方式的不同。

7．the same...as句型
So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost__________ dialect __________ people in the northwestern USA.
因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部地区的人所说的方言几乎是一样的。

Ⅳ.课文回顾
At the end of the 16th century, English was only spoken by people from England. They were native speakers. Today, the largest number of people __1__ (speak) English may be in China. A lot of Chinese people speak English __2__ their foreign language.
The English language __3__ (change) quite a lot over the last four centuries. Old English sounded more __4__ less like German for it __5__ (base) on German, but modern English sounds __6__ (much) like French than German because England was once ruled by the French.
Two people had great effects __7__ the English changes. __8__ was Shakespeare, who __9__ (enrich) the English vocabulary; the other was Noah Webster, who wrote a dictionary which gave American English __10__ (it) own identity.
Ⅴ.单元语法
间接引语(Ⅱ)
1．The teacher said to me, “Don't be late again.”
→The teacher advised/asked me ____________________ again.
2．“Please help me carry the suitcase，” the woman said to him.
→The woman asked him ____________________ carry the suitcase.
3．Tom said, “Let's go to the park this afternoon.”
→Tom suggested ____________________ to the park that afternoon.
4．He said to them, “Don't go out at night.”
→He ordered ____________________ at night.
5．The teacher said to me, “Will you please not smoke here？”
→The teacher ____________________ there.
核心单词重难突破
1．native adj. 本国的；本地的n. 本地人；本国人
Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。

be native to 产于……
a native of... ……的人
[练习] 单句语法填空
①It is well-known that the panda is native __________ China.
②Mr Smith, a native __________ New York, came to China to give English lessons at Jiangnan University.
2．base vt.以……为根据n. 基部；基地；基础
It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。

(1)base...on... 根据……；以……为基础
(sth.) be based on...以……为基础
(2)basis n. 基础；基本原则
on the basis of 根据；在……的基础上；基于
(3)basic adj. 基本的；基础的
[练习] (1)单句语法填空
①__________ (base) on a novel by Liu Zhenyun, Backto 1942 tells the true story of Henan Province.
②__________ (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
③Just as the saying goes, “One tree doesn't make a forest.” Our success is based __________ cooperating with others.
(2)完成句子
The theory he put up __________ his many years' research, so it was practical.
他提出的理论是以他多年的科学研究为依据的，因此是切实可行的。

3．gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地
Many old customs are gradually dying out.
许多旧习俗都在日渐消逝。

[练习] 单句语法填空
__________ (gradual), they began to look at me with respectful eyes.
4．latter adj. 较后的；后半的；(两者中的)后者
Mary and Jane are both my friends. The former is a clerk in a bank and the latter teaches English in a middle school.
玛丽和简都是我的朋友，前者是银行的职员，后者在中学教英语。

the former...the latter... 前者……后者……
[练习] 完成句子
If I had to make a dicision, I would choose __________ over __________.
如果让我做决定，我会选择前者而不是后者。

5．identity n. 本身；本体；身份；同一性；相同；一致
The police are trying to discover the identity of the killer.
警察正努力调查杀人凶手的身份。

(1)identification n. 鉴定；辨认；确认
(2)identify v. 确认；认出；鉴定
identify sb./sth.(as sb./sth.)显示、说明身份
[练习] (1)单句语法填空
The police can't __________ (identity) the dead man in the traffic accident.
(2)完成句子
Our strong sense of __________ has been shaped by our history.
历史造就了我们强烈的民族认同感。

6．frequently adv. 常常；频繁地
Buses run frequently between the city and the airport.
公共汽车频繁地往来于城市与机场之间。

[练习] 单句语法填空
She __________ (frequent) visited the park near her house.
7．command n. [C]命令；指令[U]掌握；控制vt.命令；指挥；支配
Can you find the following command and request from Reading?
你能从阅读材料中找到下面的命令和请求吗？
(1)at one's command 听某人支配
have a (good) command of 掌握；精通(尤指语言)
take command of 控制；担任……的指挥
(2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that... (should) do... 命令……做……
[点拨] command后面跟从句时，从句谓语用(should＋) do/be done，以下动词具有相同的用法：
一坚持：insist
二命令：order, command；
三建议：suggest, advise, recommend；
四要求：demand, request, require, desire；
再加一个敦促：urge。

[练习] (1)单句语法填空
①I'm __________ your command—what would you like me to do?
②The police commanded the witness __________ (describe) what had happened the day before.
③The teacher commanded that the students __________ (hand) in their homework after。