Unit2(单元知识清单)高一英语系列(人教版2019)

Unit 2单元知识清单重点单词
1. apply vi. & vt. 申请；请求
vt. 应用；涂(油漆、乳剂)
2. amazing adj. 令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的
3. arragement n. 安排；筹备
4. recognize vt. 辨别出；承认；认可
5. accommodation n. 住处；停留处；膳宿
6.admire vt. 钦佩；赞赏
7. contact vt. 联络；联系n. 联系；接触8. detail n. 细节；详情；细微之处
9. extremely adv. 极其；非常
10. request n. (正式或礼貌的)要求；请求
vt. (正式或礼貌地)要求；请求
11. view n. 视野；景色；看法
12. sight n. 景象；视野；视力
13. economic adj. 经济(上)的；经济学的
14. civilization n. 文明；文明世界
15. unique adj. 唯一的；独特的；特有的
重点单词变形
1．amazing adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的→amazed adj.惊奇的；惊喜的→amaze vt.使吃惊；使惊讶→amazement n．惊奇，惊诧
2．arrangement n．安排；筹备→arrange vt.安排
3．extremely adv.极其；非常→extreme adj.极端的；极度的
4．powerful adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的→power n．权力；能力；控制力；影响力；力量5．recognise vt.辨别出；承认；认可→recognition n．认出；认识
6．admire vt.钦佩；赞赏→admiration n．钦佩；羡慕
7．architecture n．建筑设计；建筑学→architect n．建筑设计师
8. office n. 办公室；官职→official adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的n. 官员；要员
9. transport n. 交通运输系统vt. 运输；运送→transportation n. 运输
10. civilization n. 文明；文明世界→civilize vt. 开化；使文明
重点词组
1．apply for 申请
2．take control of 控制；接管
3．can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事4. apart from 除……以外
5．make up 构成；形成6．check in （在旅馆、机场等）登记7．inspire sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事8．look through 浏览
9．explore the rainforest 探索热带雨林10．be unique to 是……特有的
一、重点单词知识点归纳
1.apply n. vi. & vt. 申请；请求vt. 应用；涂(油漆、乳剂)
(1)apply ... to ...把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上
(2)apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于
(3)apply (to ...) for ... (向……)申请……
(4)applicant n. 申请人
(5)application n. 申请；申请书；适用
[词块]
apply for a job/passport/visa 申请工作/护照/签证
apply to join the army 报名参军
2. recognise vt. 辨别出；承认；认可
(1)recognise sb./sth. 认出某人；识别出某物
recognise ... as/to be 承认……是；认出……是
It is recognised that ... 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认出；认识
beyond recognition 认不出来
表示“认为……是……”的短语还有：
regard ... as ...; consider ... as ...; view ... as ...; treat ... as ...。

[词块]
recognise her voice on the telephone 在电话里听出她的声音
3. admire vt. 钦佩；赞赏；欣赏；观赏
(1)admire sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事羡慕某人
(2)admiration n. 钦佩；赞美；羡慕
in/with admiration 钦佩地；羡慕地
express/have admiration for sb./sth. 羡慕/钦佩某人/某物
(3)admirable adj. 令人钦佩的；值得赞美的
4. request n. (正式或礼貌的)要求；请求vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求；请求
(1)request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事
request that ... (should) do sth. 要求/请求……做某事
(2)make (a) request for ... 请求；要求……
at one's request/at the request of sb. 应某人的要求
on/upon request 一经要求
【注意】
request后的宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句以及It is requested that ... 从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”形式。

[词块]
make a request for help 请求帮助
be requested not to touch the exhibits 请勿触摸展品
5. view n. 视野；景色；看法
(1)in view 在视野中
come into view 看得见；进入视野
(2)in view of 鉴于；考虑到
in one's view 在某人看来
have a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览
(3)view ... as ... 把……看作……
[词块]
world view 世界观
have different views on/about the subject关于这个话题有不同的观点
6. take control of 控制；接管
lose control of 失去对……的控制
out of control失去控制；不听约束
in control (of) 控制，掌握；管理
in the control of 受……控制
under control 情况正常；处于控制之下
under the control of 受……的管辖/控制
beyond control 难以控制；无法控制
[词块]
take control of the family business 接管家族企业
under the control of the Ministry of Education 归教育部管辖
7. sight n. 景象；视野；视力
catch sight of 看见
lose sight of 看不见
lose one’s sight失明
come into sight 进入视野
out of sight 看不见
at the sight of 一看见……
[辨析]
8. arrange v.安排；筹备
(1) make arrangements for安排好
(2) arrange to do sth.安排做某事
arrange sth. for sb.为某人安排某事
arrange for sb. to do sth.安排某人做某事
9. amaze v.使...惊讶
amazing adj. 令人惊奇的
amazed adj. 感到吃惊的
amazement n. 惊讶
be amazed at / to do sth 对...惊讶
to one’s amazement 令人惊讶的是
in amazement 惊讶地
10. pack v.打包；包裹
a pack of 一包；一群；一帮；
pack up 整理；把…打包
be packed with 塞进；挤进；塞满了东西；某地方挤满了人
pack into 挤进…里；塞进
package n.包裹，包装；
二、重点词组和句型
1. other than 除……以外
【词块积累】
rather than而不是
less than 少于
more than 多于, 不仅仅是, 非常
2. make up构成；形成
【词块积累】
make up for 弥补；补偿
be made up of 由……构成
make up an excuse 编造一个理由
make up with sb. 与某人和解
3.It is for this reason that Spanish in the main official language of Peru. (P26) 强调句型：
It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/ who + 句子其他部分。

强调句的一般疑问句：
Is / Was it + 被强调部分+ that/ who + 句子其他部分？
强调句的特殊疑问句：
疑问词(被强调部分) + is/ was + it + that + 句子其他部分？
not…until…结构的强调句型：
It is/ was not until …that…
【注意】
(1) 强调状语时，只能用that而不能用where/ when/ why等；强调人时，可以用that/ who/ whom。

(2) 原句的时态是一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时时，用“It was …”；其他时态用“It is…”。

(3) 强调句型的判断：去掉It is / was 与that/ who 后，剩余部分若结构完整、句意明确，则为强调句，否则不是。

【例句】
1.It is at the hotel that the coach picks up tourists.
2.It was I that/ who met Li Hua at the hospital yesterday.
3.Where is it that the coach picks up tourists?
4. It was not until Peter lost his job that his financial problems badly affected his life.
4. Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca. (P27)
as引导的方式状语从句，意为“如同；按照”。

as引导的时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”
as引导的原因状语从句，意为“因为；既然”。

as引导的让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，常用倒装语序，可与though互换。

1) In brief, do as the Chinese do when in China. 按照
2) As I was busy preparing for my final ex am, I didn’t reply to your email as soon as I received it. 因为
3) They sang songs as they were doing the farm work. 一边……一边……
5.Below are two texts about Peru.( 副词置于句首的完全倒装句)
本句是倒装句，为了强调表语而把表语放在句首，句子采用倒装语序，即“表语+连系动词+主语”形式的倒装。

Present at the meeting are some great scientists.
出席会议的是一些伟大的科学家。

选词填空：was/ were
(1) Inside the room ________ two boys playing hide-and-seek.
(2) Among them ________my friend Jim.
三、重点语法
一、现在进行时表将来
1）现在进行时可表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，常有“意图；安排；打算”的含义。

此时所使用的动词多是位移动词，如come，go，start，arrive，leave，stay，return, set off等。

例：
①I am leaving tonight. I've got my plane ticket.
②I am meeting Peter tonight. He is taking me to the theatre.
③Our flight is taking off and let’s hurry up; or we will miss it.
④The plane is arriving in 10 minutes.
2）现在进行时表示将来也可使用某些非位移动词，如fly, walk, ride, drive, take, spend, buy, marry, see, work, meet, have, play, finish, publish等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。

例：
①The scientist is flying to Tibet next Friday.
②Lily is walking to school tomorrow.
③The young man is meeting his girlfriend this afternoon.
④They are spending their next summer holiday in Guilin.
3）现在进行时也可在时间、条件或原因状语从句中表示将来。

例：
①When you are passing my house, please drop in.
②If they are not doing it, what should I do?
③Because the bride is coming, all the people are pleased.
4）表将来的现在进行时有时含有“决心”的意思，多用在否定结构中。

例：
I’m not waiting any longer.
二、其他表示将来的语法结构。

1） will / shall do 表示单纯的将来，强调未经事先考虑将要做某事，即临时起意。

will 用于各种人称，而 shall 仅用于第一人称。

2） be going to do表示打算、计划、安排或已经决定要做某事；还可表示根据某种迹象表明将要发生的事。

例：①She will come back next week.
②— Where is the telephone book？
—I’ll go and get it for you.
③After graduation , they are going to set up a business of their own.
④ It’s going to be a fine day for surfing tomorrow.
3）be to do表示按计划约定的或按职责、义务、要求必须要去做的事或即将发生的动作。

例：
You are to be back by 9 o’clock.
The queen is to visit Spain in November.
The meeting is to be held next week.
Your plan is to be a failure.
4） be about to do表示即将发生的动作，不与具体时间连用。

be about to do...when...是固定句式，意为“正要做......，这时......”
例：
①He was about to leave when someone called him.
②Now ladies and gentlemen, you’re about to hear the most incredible tale.
③I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.
5）一般现在时表将来，表示按照日程表或时刻表的安排要发生的事，如火车(汽车)出发、船只离岸、飞机起飞等。

例：
①The bus leaves at 9:00 pm.
②The flight to Hong Kong takes off at 8:30 am.
③My plane leaves at six o’clock tomorrow.
三、思维导图。