【创新设计】2014高考英语一轮复习 Module 4 Great Scientists 外研版必修

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Module 4GreatScientists
维A 单项填空
1．David was late this morning________the heavy snow, and________，the boss scolded him.(2013·大连市一模)
A．as a result；as a result of
B．as a result of; as a result
C．as a result of; as a result of
D．as a result；as a result
答案 B [句意：由于下大雪，David今天早晨迟到了，结果，老板责怪了他。

as a result of“由于〞，表原因；as a result“因此〞，表结果。

]
2．________in the south, he prefers to eat rice and isn't used to the food in the north.
A．Built up B．Brought up
C．Held up D．Raised up
答案 B [考查动词短语。

句意：由于在南方长大，他喜欢吃大米而不习惯北方饭菜。

bri ng up“培养，养育〞，符合题意。

]
3．—How did you know he was the murderer?
—His pictures were________in all the daily papers.
A．published B．broadcast
C．pressed D．reported
答案 A [publish“发表，刊登〞；broadcast“广播〞；press“压，按，挤〞；
report“报道〞，其宾语常是文章、新闻等。

根据上下语境，只有A项符合要求。

] 4．—We'll________you forever by your side as your fans.
—Thank you.And I won't let you down.
A．surround B．suppose
C．support D．supply
答案 C [句意：“作为你的粉丝，我们将永远在你身边支持你。

〞“谢谢，我不会让你们失望的。

〞surround意为“围绕〞；suppose意为“猜测〞；supply意为“提供，供给〞。

support表示“(在物质或精神方面)支持某人〞，符合题意，应当选C。

]
5．They use computers to keep the traffic________smoothly.(2013·某某东丽区调研) A．being run B．run
C．to run D．running
答案 D [句意：他们用电脑使交通运转顺畅。

keep＋宾语＋宾补，此处traffic与run 之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾补。

]
6．Up to now, large quantities of food________to Africa to save the starving people.
A．is sent B．has been sent
C．have been sent D．are sent
答案 C [考查主谓一致。

句意：到目前为止，已有大量的粮食被送往非洲以拯救饥民。

up to now通常与现在完成时连用；“large quantities of＋名词〞作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数形式。

]
7．She earned her________as a part­time secretary after her graduation from college.
A．live B．living C．alive D．life
答案 B [earn one's living“谋生〞，为固定短语。

]
8．The truth was________when he admitted he had been there all the time.
(2013·三亚高三检测) A．cleared out B．cleared away
C．cleared up D．cleared off
答案 C [句意：当他承认他一直在那儿时，真相大白了。

clear out“除掉(不必要的东西)〞；cl ear away“收拾〞；clear up“消除(误会、疑问等)〞；clear off“匆忙走开〞。

]
9．The key________our strength lies in the unity of our members.
A．of B．to C．with D．in
答案 B [考查介词。

the key to表示“……的关键〞，其中to是介词。

句意：我们强大的关键是我们的团结。

]
10．Leonardo da Vinci (1452～1519)________birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.
A．is said to be buying B．is said to have bought
C．had said to buy D．has said to have bought
答案 B [句意：据说列奥纳多·达·芬奇买了些养在笼子里的鸟，目的是得到放生时
的乐趣。

sb is said后接动词不定式，根据句意可知应用不定式的完成形式。

] 11．Though he didn't agree with us at first, we soon________him to our way of thinking.
A．converted B．transferred
C．modified D．exchanged
答案 A [句意：起初他不同意我们，但我们很快使他向我们的思考方式转变。

convert“改变，转变(观点、习惯、信仰等)〞；transfer“使转移，改变(环境)〞；
modify“调整，使更适合〞；exchange“交换〞。

]
12．It has been two years since this party________．Many people wonder whether it will stay on.
A．has been in power B．has come to power
C．took office D．came to power
答案 D [考查时态。

come to power“掌权，执政〞，为短暂性动词短语，因第一个句子中的主句用了现在完成时，从句由since引导，故D项符合。

]
13．When you have finished the book, please________it on the shelf.
A．replace B．devote
C．consider D．equip
答案 A [考查动词词义辨析。

句意：你看完这本书后请把它放回架子上。

replace sth ＋prep./adv.意为“把某物放回……〞。

]
14．Gogh and Leonardo da Vinci were known________their artistic achievements.
A．as B．to C．for D．in
答案 C [be known as“作为……而知名〞；be known for“因为……而知名〞；be known to“为……所知〞。

句意：梵高和莱奥纳多·达芬奇都因为他们的艺术成就而知名。

]
15．The boy managed to ________the burning house；but he couldn't________punishment because the fire was caused by his playing with matches.
(2013·商洛模拟) A．escape from；escape B．escape；escape
C．escape；escape from D．escape from；escape from
答案 A [考查escape的用法。

句意：这个男孩成功地从着火的房子里逃了出来，但是他不可能逃脱惩罚，因为这场大火是由于他玩火柴引起的。

“从……逃脱〞用escape
from；当“防止〞讲时，escape为与物动词，escape punishment“逃避惩罚〞。

]
维B 完形填空
选材网站：：// timeforkids
高考曾用材料：2010安徽卷D篇
选材相似度：★★★★
设题相似度：★★★
In 1991，Jane Goodall began Roots and Shoots, a program
that encourages young people to work to protect the Earth.TFKKid Reporter Chandler Schaak caught up with Goodall at a Roots and Shoots __1__at Zoo Boise, in Idaho.
Kai Neander, 15, digs saving the Earth.__2__president of the Sequoia Park Zoo Roots and Shoots program, in California, he helped plant 564 trees. His group's __3__is to plant 1，000 trees by the end of the year.“__4__little thing you do makes a difference，〞 he says.
Roots and Shoots__5__young people to volunteer in their communities to help __6__animals and their habitats.Jane Goodall started the __7__in 1991.She is__8__for her study of chimpanzees at Gombe National Park, in Tanzania, East Africa.Today, there are more than 8，000 Roots and Shoots groups in nearly 100 countries.
“I __9__the idea for Roots and Shoots because I met so many young people who had __10__hope，〞Goodall told TFK.“This program teaches youth that __11__they all get together, they can make a difference.〞
Tara Adiseshan, a high school senior, hopes to__12__her mark on the natural world.She and other members of the Charlottesville Roots and Shoots Club, in Virginia, began a __13__to save frogs.Tara worked with__14__at James Madison University, also in Virginia, to test a __15__for a deadly fungus that__16__frogs.A cure is now being tested in the __17__．
Tara plans to give talks in local schools to raise __18__about the threat to frogs.She also invited a frog expert to __19__at a nature park in her community.
“No matter how many problems we face，〞Tara says, “there is still __20__ as
long as kids like us continue to care.〞
Notes：
dig vt.探究
1．anization B．group
C．event D．place
2．A.As B．Like C．With D．After
3．A.duty B．assignment
C．goal D．attempt
4．A.No B．Many a C．Every D．One
5．A.pay B．encourages
C．ask D．call
6．A.feed B．help C．have D．save
7．A.program B．plan
C．preserve D．community
8．A.best­known B．eager
C．anxious D．careful
9．A.put forward B．came up with
C．met with D．came across
10．A.gained B．lost C．seen D．tried
11．A.unless B．until C．if D．though
12．A.make B．get C．see D．leave
13．A.plan B．desire C．course D．campaign 14．A.volunteers B．boys
C．members D．scientists
15．A.cure B．way C．medicine D．plant
16．A.attracts B．meets C．threatens D．frightens 17．A.field B．lab C．body D．disease
18．A.money B．awareness
C．medicine D．food
19．A.speak B．act C．operate D．show
20．A.chance B．hope C．problem D．way
【语篇解读】 1991年珍·古道尔建立了第一个Roots and Shoots计划，从此她号召年轻人参加到志愿者的行列中来。

现在世界上100多个国家有8 000多个Roots and Shoots 小组，他们为拯救地球生物起到了积极作用。

1．C [TFKKid Reporter Chandler Schaak在一个Roots and Shoots小组的活动中见到了Goodall。

event在这里是“活动〞的意思。

]
2．A [联系空后的“president of the Sequoia Park Zoo Roots and Shoots〞我们知道，president是担当的职务，因此用介词as。

]
3．C [“to plant 1，000 trees by the end of the year〞是他们的目标。

]
4．C [联系他们所做的我们可以得出结论：“你所做的每一件小事都能产生影响。

〞] 5．B [联系空后的“to volunteer in their communities〞我们知道，Roots and Shoots 鼓励年轻人志愿服务。

]
6．D [联系空后的“animals and their habitats〞我们知道，是说“鼓励志愿者挽救动物和它们的居住地。

〞]
7．A [联系文章第一句的“Roots and Shoots, a program that encourages young people to work to protect the Earth〞可得此答案。

]
8．A [联系空后的内容可知，她因研究大猩猩而为人们所熟知。

]
9．B [联系空后的“the idea〞我们知道，她想出了这个主意。

come up with的意思是“想出〞。

put forward意为“提出〞；meet with意为“遇到〞；come across意为“偶然遇到〞。

]
10．B [联系下文这个计划的目的我们知道，她想出这么个计划是因为她发现很多年轻人失去了希望。

]
11．C [空后是肯定的条件，因此用if。

A有一定的干扰性，unless相当于if not。

] 12．D [通过空后的“her mark on the natural world〞我们知道，Tara Adiseshan想把自己的足迹留在自然界里。

]
13．D [联系空后的“to save frogs〞我们知道，她开始了拯救青蛙的活动。

]
14．D [因为她要检测治愈疾病的方法，因此与科学家一起工作更适宜。

]
15．A [联系下文的“A cure is now being tested〞可以得此答案。

]
16．C [联系前后文我们知道，a deadly fungus是一种可怕的疾病，因此这种疾病在威胁着青蛙。

]
17．A [“in the field指在治愈青蛙这个领域。

〞]
18．B [“give talks in local schools〞的目的是提高认识，awareness的意思是“认识〞。

]
19．A [联系前文“Tara plans to give talks in local schools〞可知，她又邀请专家在自然公园搞讲座。

]
20．B [联系空后的“as long as kids like us continue to care〞我们知道，只要像这样付出关爱，希望还是有的。

]
维C 阅读理解
选材网站：：// allvoices
高考曾用材料：2012某某卷C篇
选材相似度：★★★★
设题相似度：★★★
Professor Dame Athene Donald, winner of the Lifetime Achievement Award, says，“Don't be put off if you're surrounded by a sea of male faces；you're just as good and have as much to offer as the men.〞
Born on 15 May 1953, Dame is a well­known British physicist.Professor Donald works at the University of Cambridge and has been a pioneer of soft matter and biological physics in the UK.She is a director of the university's women is Science, Engineering and Technology active to inspire and support women scientists within the university.
Her major field of study is soft matter physics, particularly its applications to living organisms and the relationship between structure and other materials.Her contributions to science have not only been recognized by her field of research.Early in 2009, she was the winner of L'Oreal/UNESCO's“For Women is Science Laureate (Europe)〞 and was appointed Commander of the British Empire for services to physics.
She was married to Matthew Donald (a mathematician) and has two children, a son and a daughter.She says that she has simplified her housework, for example, by buying the most practical electric appliances and easy­iron clothes.Perhaps only women scientists who want to have families understand her.
The Lifetime Achievement Award, which was supported by the Institute of Physics this year, is designed for excellence in entrepreneurship(企业家精神)，communication, leadership, and is a new award for tomorrow's leaders.Sir Peter Knight, President of the Institute of Physics, said，“For a number of years, the Institute of Physics has pioneered many programmes to attract more women to science, especially physics.But in spite of our best efforts, and those of other organizations, women are still seriously short in the physical sciences and engineering This means that many women may be failing to get opportunities for an exciting and pleasing career.Equally, it means that science and engineering are failing to attract possible talents.We are really proud of Dame.She sets a good example for all women.〞Notes：
①physicist n．物理学家②biological adj.生物的
③application n．申请；运用④simplify v．简化
⑤pioneer n．倡导者⑥in spite of尽管
1．With her success in soft matter and biological physics, Dame________．A．is only highly thought of in Cambridge University
B．is also well received in Europe and has won honored respect
C．thinks men have fewer advantages to achieve victory like her
D．sets an example only for the women scientists in her university
2．How does Dame complete her housework with too much work to do?
A．She asks women scientists who want to have families to help her.
B．She asks her husband to set some math rules.
C．Her two children are given a fixed amount of housework.
D．She's good at using electric machines and not particular about clothes. 3．Which of the following statements about Dame is TRUE?
A．She devoted herself to hard matter and biological physics for many years.
B．She is rewarded the Lifetime Achievement Award as a business woman.
C．She tries to make life effective in simple ways because of her work.
D．Her success in physics makes her decide to start her own business. 4．Which of the following adjectives can describe Dame?
A．Understanding, considerate, creative and lazy.
B．Active, inspiring, determined and devoted.
C．Punctual(准时的)，brave and careless.
D．Talkative, careful and hardworking.
5．According to Sir Peter Knight, women are________．
A．short in science and engineering fields though they may be great talents B．lazy to look for chances of an exciting and pleasing career
C．unlikely to succeed in science and engineering fields
D．not fit for the study and work of physics
【语篇解读】 Dame Athene Donald是英国剑桥大学的教授，也是杰出的物理学家，她被授予“终身成就奖〞，为万千女性树立了好榜样。

1．B [细节理解题。

第三段第二句话的．..not only been recognized by her field of research说明她不仅得到了自己所研究的领域的认可，第三句话的the winner of L'Oreal/UNESCO's“For Women in Science Laureate (Europe)〞说明她的广泛认可度。

强干扰项是C项，第一段的you're just as good and have as much to offer as the men只是说明她的自信和对其他女性的鼓励但是并非藐视男性，所以C项表述错误。

] 2．D [细节理解题。

第四段第二句话的．..has simplified her housework说明她在生活中尽量将家务简单化，方法就是by buying the most practical electric appliances，而easy­iron clothes说明她对衣着不是很挑剔，比拟随意，和D项表述一致。

]
3．C [细节理解题。

第四段说到了Dame的家庭生活，第二句话的simplified her housework 说明她在工作压力较大的情况下怎么安排家务，她成功做到了这一点，C项表述正确。

A 项和第二段第二句的a pioneer of soft matter and biological physics相悖；B项和第二段第一句的a well­known British physicist相悖；D项在文中没有判断依据。

] 4．B [推理判断题。

第一段的Don't be put off和you're just as good说明她挑战科学的决心；第二段的active to inspire and support说明她的积极的生活态度和对人产生的鼓舞力量；而她所获得的the Lifetime Achievement Award正说明了她对科学的奉献精神。

]
5．A [推理判断题。

第五段Peter的讲话说明Peter认为从事科学研究的女士很少，而他话里的．..failing to attract possible talents也明确了对这一点的遗憾。

但是并不是说他认为女士在这个领域不能获得成功，所以不能选择C项。

]。