高二英语语法填空解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)含解析

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高二英语语法填空解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)含解析
一、高中英语语法填空
1.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Cathy Martin is a hurricane hunter with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). For six months each year, she is part of a team that collects ________ she describes as "vital data, to save life and property."
When winds pick up, ________(spin) toward the Caribbean and U. S. coastline, Martin and ________(she) flight team spring into action.
They use instruments called dropsondes, which ________(set) free from a tube at the back of the plane. As a dropsonde makes its 10,000-foot landing into the sea, it sends out information about air temperature, pressure, humidity, and the speed and ________(direct) of the wind.
On an eight-hour flight, Martin's team ________(typical) drops 15 to 20 dropsondes while flying from one side of the storm ________ the other, trying to cover as much ground as possible. They head for the center (or eye) of the storm, ________ there's no wind, and also search for the strongest winds, to help people on the coast prepare for what's coming. Sometimes, they will use an unmanned aircraft ________ (gather) data closer to the ocean's surface.
Though these flights can be long,________(tire) and often last several days in a row, Martin likes her job and wishes she could fly every day.
【答案】 what;spinning;her;are set;direction;typically;to;where;to gather;tiring 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了Cathy Martin 以及她的团队是如何收集数据预测飓风的。

(1)考查宾语从句。

句意:每年有六个月的时间,她是一个团队的成员,这个团队收集她所说的“重要数据,以拯救生命和财产”。

本句为宾语从句,因为从句中缺少宾语,指代事物,故填what。

(2)考查非谓语动词。

句意:当风力增强,向加勒比海和美国海岸线旋转时,马丁和她的飞行团队立即行动起来。

spin与逻辑主语wind是主动关系,故填现在分词作状语,故填spinning。

(3)考查代词。

修饰名词flight team使用形容词性物主代词,故填her。

(4)考查时态语态。

句意:他们使用一种叫做下投式探空仪的仪器,这种仪器从飞机后部的管子中释放出来。

主语是dropsondes与谓语动词构成被动关系,结合上下文使用一般现在时,主语为复数名词,故填are set。

(5)考查名词。

句意:当探空仪降落在10000英尺的海面上时,它会发出有关空气温度、压力、湿度以及风速和风向的信息。

根据上文名词并列结构the speed and可知,应填名词,故填direction。

(6)考查副词。

句意:在8小时的飞行中,马丁的团队从风暴的一边飞到另一边时,通常会放下15到20个探空仪,试图覆盖尽可能多的地面。

修饰动词drop应用副词,故填typically。

(7)考查介词。

from…to…固定短语,“从……到……”,故填to。

(8)考查定语从句。

句意:他们前往风暴中心(或风眼),那里没有风,也寻找最强的风,
帮助沿海地区的人们为即将到来的风暴做好准备。

本句为定语从句修饰先行词center,且在定语从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词where。

(9)考查非谓语动词。

句意:有时,他们会使用无人驾驶飞机收集更接近海洋表面的数据。

本句为不定式to do作目的状语,故填to gather。

(10)考查形容词。

句意:虽然这些飞行时间很长,也很累,而且常常会持续好几天,但马丁喜欢她的工作,希望她能每天都飞。

根据上文系动词be可知,应填形容词作表语,修饰物,故填tiring。

【点评】本题考点涉及宾语从句,非谓语动词,代词,时态语态,名词,副词,定语从句以及形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

2.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

When it comes to climate change, language does count. In March, the Guardian changed________(it) wording –using "global heating" instead of "global warming" , after scientists found that Earth's temperature is set ________(rise) from between 2.5C and 4.5C. And on May 1, the UK parliament declared a "climate emergency", ________(become)the first parliament to do so.
If with "global warming", we're still inside our comfort zone of handling the situation, entering the state of "global heating" is like heading to a point ________ the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back. Everything will be changing: Coral will die, polar bears will lose their habitats completely, and extreme________ (weather) like droughts and heavy storms will happen at a higher________ (frequent). There is no denying that we're entering a climate emergency.
Decades ago when the science on the climate issue was first increasing, the impacts could be seen as an issue for future generations," but now it's ________(definite) our issue, ________shift we all are living together.
However, getting these messages ________ is far from enough. It depends on each to find a solution –if there are any solutions left to find. The UK's Labor leader Jeremy urged that "we ________(take) rapid and dramatic action now".
Indeed, language matters. But action matters even more.
【答案】its;to rise;becoming;where;weathers/weather;frequency;definitely;the;through/across;(should)take
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,谈到气候变化,语言的确很重要。

今年3月,在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后,《卫报》改变了它的措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。

(1)考查代词。

句意:今年3月,在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后,《卫报》改变了它的措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。

文中表示"它的措辞",所以填its。

(2)考查非谓语动词。

句意:今年3月,在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度
之后,《卫报》改变了它的措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。

set to do固定短语,“开始做”,故填to rise。

(3)考查非谓语动词。

句意:5月1日,英国议会宣布进入"气候紧急状态",成为第一个这样做的议会。

become的逻辑主语是the UK parliament,它们之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语,所以填becoming。

(4)考查定语从句。

句意:如果在"全球变暖"的情况下,我们仍然在自己的舒适区处理这种情况,进入"全球变热"的状态,就像走向一个点,大自然的微妙平衡被扰乱得如此之多,没有回头路。

4 the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back.是一个定语从句,先行词是a point,关系词在从句中作地点状语,所以填关系副词where。

(5)考查名词。

句意:珊瑚将会死亡,北极熊将完全失去它们的栖息地,干旱和暴风雨等极端天气将会以更高的频率发生。

该空作句子主语用名词,单数或复数均可,所以填weathers/weather。

(6)考查名词。

句意:珊瑚将会死亡,北极熊将完全失去它们的栖息地,干旱和暴风雨等极端天气将会以更高的频率发生。

介词之后,用名词,所以填frequency。

(7)考查副词。

句意:几十年前,当气候问题的科学研究刚刚起步时,其影响可能会被视为未来几代人的问题,但现在这绝对是我们的问题,我们都生活在一起的转变。

修饰整个句子,用副词,所以填definitely。

(8)考查冠词。

句意:几十年前,当气候问题的科学研究刚刚起步时,其影响可能会被视为未来几代人的问题,但现在这绝对是我们的问题,我们都生活在一起的转变。

特指"这个转变",用定冠词,所以填the。

(9)考查介词。

句意:然而,仅仅理解这些信息是远远不够的。

get through /across固定短语,“理解”,故填through/across。

(10)考查虚拟语气。

that we 10 ( take) rapid and dramatic action now.是一个宾语从句,urge之后的宾语从句,宾语从句中用should + 动词原形,should可以被省略的虚拟语气,所以填(should)take。

【点评】本题考点涉及代词,非谓语动词,定语从句,名词,副词,冠词,介词以及虚拟语气等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

3.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ever wondered how many calories are in the human body? Or ever wondered why old people have ________ (big) ears than they used to? The winners of Ig Nobel Prizes (搞笑诺贝尔奖) have got the answers.
He Ig Nobel Prizes, founded in 1991, are to honor achievements ________ first make people laugh, and then make them think, The ceremony ________ (take) place at Harvard University every year. Winners' acceptance ________(speech) are limited to 60 seconds, ________ (strict) policed by an eight-year-old girl.
The honored research might seem ridiculous ________ first sight, but that doesn't mean it
lacks scientific value. For example, the research in 2006 on why dry spaghetti tends to break into more than two pieces was important ________ (discover) failure in bridge spans (跨度) or human bones And a follow-up paper ________ (publish) by MIT physicists several years later. But people are more likely to read about ________ (break) spaghetti than to read an academic paper. Even when there is no immediate usefulness, ________ is still good to encourage people to observe and think.
【答案】bigger;that/ which;takes;speeches;strictly;at;to discover;was published;breaking;it
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,搞笑诺贝尔奖听起来似乎很搞笑,但是这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。

(1)考查形容词。

句意:或者想知道为什么老年人的耳朵比以前大? 根据句意和than可知这里要用形容词的比较级,故填bigger。

(2)考查定语从句。

分析可知空格处引导限定性定语从句,先行词为achievements,指物。

空格处在句中做主语所以要用that或者which引导这个定语从句,故填that/which。

(3)考查主谓一致和时态。

分析可知take在句中做谓语。

这里介绍的是一般事实,要用一般现在时。

主语the ceremony为单数,谓语动词也要用单数,故填takes。

(4)考查名词。

speech为可数名词,根据后面的are判断这里要用其复数形式,故填speeches。

(5)考查副词。

空格处修饰动词police要用副词,故填strictly。

(6)考查介词。

句意:乍一看,这项久享盛名的研究似乎很荒谬,但这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。

at first sight固定短语,"乍一看;一看到.......就",故填at。

(7)考查非谓语动词。

这里使用了sth/sb+be+adj+to do的结构,故填to discover。

(8)考查语态时态。

本句的事情已经发生,事情发生在过去要用一般过去时。

谓语动词publish和主语a follow-up paper是被动关系,要用被动语态。

a follow-up paper是单数,谓语动词也要用单数。

故填was published。

(9)考查非谓语动词。

about为介词,后面的动词要用动名词形式,故填breaking。

(10)考查代词。

句意:即使没有立竿见影的效果,鼓励人们去观察和思考也是好的。

根据句意,分析可知在主句中,to encourage people to observe and think是真正的主语,要用it做形式主语,故填it。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,定语从句,主谓一致,名词,副词,非谓语动词,时态语态以及代词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

4.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The People's Republic of China marked its 70th anniversary on Tuesday with a series of National Day celebrations at the heart of the country's capital. The massive events in Tian'anmen Square, such as ________unique military parade, massive Pageantry(盛典), ________ (design)to be environmentally ________(friend). The 70-gun salute that kicked off the day's events ________(include) pollution control technology. According to the Global Times. The result was
________nearly zero emissions were created by the firing of the 56 cannon shells. The parade concluded ________ the release of 70, 000 "peace doves". They were contributed by local pigeon lovers, ________trained and volunteered their birds for event. ________ (answer) a call from the Beijing Carer Pigeon Association. These borrowed birds were trained ________ (make) their way home after their release in the center of the city. Some pigeon ________ (own) shared photos online of their returning birds. 70,000 colorful balloons were also released. The balloons were made of an eco-friendly and biodegradable plastic.
【答案】a;were designed;friendly;included;that;with;who;answering;to make;owners
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中华人民共和国庆祝70周年所举行的一些活动。

(1)考查冠词。

句意:天安门广场上的一些重大活动,例如一次独特的大规模阅兵式,被设计的是环境友好型的。

根据parade可知,空格处单词修饰单数名词,而且parade前没有物主代词等限定词,所以应填冠词。

这个名词在文中第一次出现,所以使用不定冠词,空格后“unique”是以辅音音素开始的,故填a。

(2)考查时态语态。

句意:天安门广场上的一些重大活动,例如一次独特的大规模阅兵式,被设计的是环境友好型的。

这句话的主语是The massive events,句中缺少谓语,且主语与design之间是被动关系,所以使用被动语态。

再根据上文“The P eople's Republic of China marked its 70th anniversary…”中的marked可知,对这件事情的论述使用的是一般过去时。

主语又是复数形式。

故填were designed。

(3)考查形容词。

句意:天安门广场上的一些重大活动,例如一次独特的大规模阅兵式,被设计的是环境友好型的。

be动词后用形容词作表语,故填friendly。

(4)考查时态。

句意:活动开始时的70支枪致敬仪式,包括了污染控制技术。

句子缺少谓语动词,且根据前文可知,对这个事件的论述使用的是一般过去时。

The 70-gun salute与include之间是主动关系,故填included。

(5)考查表语从句。

句意:结果是,发射56枚加农炮弹几乎产生了零排放。

“was”后引导的是一个完整的句子,所以这是一个表语从句,关系词使用that。

故填that。

(6)考查介词。

句意:游行结束时释放了70,000只“和平鸽”。

conclude with…固定短语,“以……结束”,故填with。

(7)考查定语从句。

句意:他们是由当地赛鸽爱好者贡献的,他们训练并自愿为赛鸽做准备,并响应了北京赛鸽协会的邀请。

这是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词为local pigeon lovers,指人,并且先行词在从句中做主语,所以关系词使用who。

故填who。

(8)考查非谓语动词。

句意:他们是由当地赛鸽爱好者贡献的,他们训练并自愿为赛鸽做准备,并响应了北京赛鸽协会的邀请。

这句话从句部分的谓语动词是trained and volunteered,所以这个空格处填非谓语动词。

从句主语local pigeon lovers与answer之间是主动关系,所以使用现在分词作状语。

故填answering。

(9)考查非谓语动词。

句意:这些借来的鸟儿受过训练,在城市中心被释放后可以回家。

鸟儿被训练的内容是“在城市中心被释放后可以回家”,所以使用不定式作主语补足语,构成句型“be trained to do sth.”, 故填to make。

(10)考查名词。

句意:一些鸽子的主人在网上分享了归巢鸟类的照片。

空格后是动词
shared,所以空格处单词做主语,应使用名词形式;再由其前的修饰语some可知,这里应使用可数名词的复数形式。

故填owners。

【点评】本题考点涉及冠词,时态语态,形容词,表语从句,非谓语动词,名词等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

5.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Susan went to a boarding school. Here is one of the letters she wrote to ________parents from the school.
Dear Mom and Dad,
I'm afraid I have some very bad news for you. I have been very naughty and the school principal is very angry ________ me. She is going to write to you. You must come and take me away from here. She does not want me in the school ________.
The trouble ________ (start) last night when I was smoking a cigarette in bed. This is against the rules, of course. We are not supposed to smoke at all.
As I was smoking, I heard footsteps coming towards the room. I did not want a teacher ________ (catch) me smoking, so I threw the cigarette away. Unfortunately, the cigarette fell into the waste-paper basket, ________caught fire. There was a curtain near the waste-paper basket which caught fire, too. Soon the whole room was ________ (burn) .The principal phoned for the fire department. The school is a long way from the town and by the time the fire department arrived, the whole school was in ________ (flame). Many of the girls are in the hospital.
The principal says that the fire was all my ________and you must pay ________the damage. She will send you a bill for about a million dollars.
I am very sorry about this.
Much love,
Susan 【答案】 her;with;any longer;started;to catch;which;burning;flames;fault;for 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,Susan在寄宿学校上学,这是她写给父母的一封信。

她在信中说自己因违反学校规定在宿舍吸烟而引发了一场大火,很多女生都住进了医院。

校长说这场大火都是她的错误,并要她的家长赔偿损失。

Susan告诉父母校长会给他们写信,让他们来把Susan带走。

(1)考查代词。

句意:这是她从学校写给父母的一封信。

此处要用形容词性物主代词,修饰parents ,故填her。

(2)考查介词。

be angry with sb 固定短语,“对某人感到很生气”。

故填with。

(3)考查固定短语。

这里用any longer与前面的not构成"not…any longer"结构,“不再……”。

故填any longer。

(4)考查时态。

句子中有时间状语last night,所以要用一般过去时。

故填started。

(5)考查非谓语动词。

want sb to do sth固定短语,“想让某人干某事”。

故填to catch。

(6)考查定语从句。

这是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词为the waste-paper basket,指
物,在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语,且that不能引导非限制性定语从句,所以关系代词要用which。

故填which。

(7)考查形容词。

此处可理解为现在分词作形容词,在句中作系动词was的表语,句意为“很快整个房间都着火了”。

故填burning。

(8)考查名词。

句意:整个学校都着火了。

in flames固定短语,“在火焰中”,故填flames。

(9)考查名词。

句意:这场火灾都是我的责任。

结合上下文分析,所以此处用fault表示“错误,责任”。

故填 fault。

(10)考查介词。

pay for固定短语,“赔偿,为......而付钱”,故填for。

【点评】本题考点涉及代词,介词,时态,非谓语动词,定语从句,形容词,名词以及介词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

6.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Whether you are someone who smiles a lot ________ not, there is always room for improvement. Research ________ (show) that when someone smiles, a number of feel-good neurotransmitters are released(释放)in the body and these are linked with lower heart rate, lower blood pressure, better sleep and ________ (little) stress. It would appear that ________ physical act of smiling makes our brain think we are happy — even if we are not and just like that, it brings about a physiological response that makes ________ (we) feel better and more relaxed.
I think we have experienced how infectious a smile can be and we ________ (attract) by the energy of shiny happy people laughing. So while I appreciate there is not always something to smile about, I think that being able to smile at ourselves is a quality worth ________ (develop). Even an internal smile or a case of faking it until you make it is most ________ (definite) a good investment to develop a sense of ________ (satisfy) from within.
My new thing for the next month or so is to try and smile more often. Why don't you try that too and let me know ________ you get on?
【答案】or;shows;less;the;us;are attracted;developing;definitely;satisfaction;how
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了微笑对身体和对心情的积极影响,微笑的感染力。

呼吁我们多微笑。

(1)考查连词。

句意:不管你是不是经常微笑的人,总有改进的余地。

whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用,故填or。

(2)考查时态和主谓一致。

此处是研究表明的结果,是客观事实,用一般现在时。

主语Research是第三人称单数,故填shows。

(3)考查形容词。

根据“lower heart rate, lower blood pressure, better sleep”可知是把微笑时和不微笑时进行了比较,与lower, better一致,故用比较级,填less。

(4)考查冠词。

此处作宾语从句中的主语,特指微笑的身体动作,用定冠词,故填the。

(5)考查代词。

此处作动词makes的宾语,代词用宾格。

故填us。

(6)考查时态语态。

此处指我们被闪亮快乐的人的笑声所吸引,根据句意和by可知表被动,表示客观事实用现在时,故此处用一般现在时的被动,与we一致,故填are attracted。

(7)考查非谓语动词。

be worth doing固定短语,“值得做......”,worth后用动名词,故填developing。

(8)考查副词。

此处修饰形容词good用副词,表示绝对好的投资,故填definitely。

(9)考查名词。

a sense of+名词,固定短语,“.......的感觉”,故填satisfaction。

(10)考查宾语从句。

句意:你为何不也试一试,让我知道你的进展如何?此处引导宾语从句,表示“如何,怎样”用how,故填how。

【点评】本题考点涉及连词,时态,主谓一致,形容词,冠词,非谓语动词,副词,名词以及宾语从句等多个知识点的考查,是一篇教育类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

7.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The gorillas(大猩猩)in the valleys in the south often lived together in groups of several tens. They were fond of drinking wine, and even fonder of imitating man's ________ (behave).
People knew very well their ________ (habit) and often put wine on the roadside together with many straw sandals ________ were connected together with ropes.
The gorillas knew this was ________trick to lure(引诱)them into traps and cursed: "Humph! Do you think we don't know your tricks? We'll never be taken in!" So they called one another, ________ (turn) round and left.
But they had smelled the aroma(香味)of the wine already, and couldn't bear to part with it. Even after they left, they would turn their heads to look back. ________ they saw no one there, they would turn back; and after they turned back, they were afraid of ________ (cheat), and left again. After much hesitation, they ________ (final) said to themselves: "Just for a taste of the wine. It won't matter as long as we don't get drunk."
Shortly afterwards, they agreed ________ (come) back to drink the wine. When they got drunk, they forgot everything. Every gorilla put on the straw sandals and imitated the way man walks.
As a result, they fell down one after another and all of them ________ (catch) alive by people.【答案】behavio(u)r;habits;which/that;a;turned;When;being cheated;finally;to come;were caught
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了南方山谷里大猩猩因为偷喝人类的酒,喝醉了被人类活捉的故事。

(1)考查名词。

句意:他们喜欢喝酒,甚至喜欢模仿人的行为。

根据上文man's为名词所有格可知应填名词,故填behavio(u)r。

(2)考查名词。

句意:人们很清楚自己的习惯,常常把酒和许多草鞋一起放在路边,草鞋是用绳子连在一起的。

habit为可数名词,根据上文their可知应用复数形式。

故填habits。

(3)考查定语从句。

句意:人们很清楚自己的习惯,常常把酒和许多草鞋一起放在路
边,草鞋是用绳子连在一起的。

本句为定语从句修饰先行词straw sandals,且先行词在从句中做主语,指物,故填which/that。

(4)考查冠词。

句意:大猩猩知道这是引诱它们落入陷阱的诡计。

trick为可数名词,此处表示泛指“一个诡计”应用不定冠词。

且trick为辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。

(5)考查时态。

句意:于是他们互相招呼,转身就走。

本空为and连接并列结构,根据下文round and left可知为一般过去时。

故填turned。

(6)考查连词。

句意:当他们在那里见没有人时,就转身回去。

本句为时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”,故填When。

(7)考查非谓语动词。

句意:他们回去后,害怕被骗,又离开了。

of为介词后跟动名词做宾语,且cheat与they构成被动关系,故应用being done形式。

故填being cheated。

(8)考查副词。

句意:犹豫了很久,他们最后对自己说:“只是为了尝一尝酒。

只要我们不喝醉就行了。

”修饰动词say应用副词形式,故填finally。

(9)考查非谓语动词。

句意:没过多久,他们同意回来喝酒。

agree to do sth.固定短语,“同意做某事”,故填to come。

(10)考查时态语态。

句意:结果,他们一个接一个地醉倒了,都被人活捉了。

本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且根据上文“they fell down one after another”可知为一般过去时,主语为they,谓语动词用复数形式。

故填were caught。

【点评】本题考点涉及名词,定语从句,冠词,时态,连词,非谓语动词,副词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

8.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As an attractive city in the Netherlands, Amsterdam is one of the most bicycle-friendly________(city)in the world, having over 800, 000 bikes in the capital. By comparison, the city has a population of only 750, 000, less than ________number of bikes. According to a survey________(make)5 years ago, 490, 000 people used bicycles every day.
Up to now, people in Amsterdam________(enjoy)the convenience of cycling for decades. The city has special facilities for cyclists, ________can be used for free. Compared with other transportation in the city, bikes are________(clean)and less expensive while also________(offer)health benefits.
________reason for bicycle riding is that bicycle traffic is________(relative)safe. Amsterdammers ride a wide variety________bicycles. Many tourists also discover Amsterdam by bike, which is a typical Dutch way.
【答案】cities;the;made;have enjoyed;which;cleaner;offering;Another;relatively;of
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了自行车之城阿姆斯特丹,那里的人们非常喜欢骑自行车。

(1)考查名词。

句意:阿姆斯特丹是荷兰一个很有吸引力的城市,也是世界上最适合骑
自行车的城市之一。

one of后接可数名词复数,故填cities。

(2)考查冠词。

句意:这个城市只有75万人口,比自行车的数量还少。

the number of表示“……的数量”,故填the。

(3)考查非谓语动词。

句意:根据5年前的一项调查,每天有49万人骑自行车。

survey 与make之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,表示被动,用过去分词作后置定语,故填made。

(4)考查时态。

句意:到目前为止,阿姆斯特丹的人们已经享受了几十年骑车的便利。

根据时间状语“Up to now”可知应该使用现在完成时,故填have enjoyed。

(5)考查定语从句。

句意:这个城市有专门为骑自行车的人提供的设施,可以免费使用。

此处为非限定性定语从句,关系词指代先行词special facilities并在从句中作主语,故填which。

(6)考查形容词。

句意:与城市里的其他交通工具相比,自行车更清洁、更便宜,同时还对健康有益。

根据“Compared with other transportation in the city”可知,此处具有比较意义,应该用形容词比较级形式,故填cleaner。

(7)考查非谓语动词。

句意:与城市里的其他交通工具相比,自行车更清洁、更便宜,同时还对健康有益。

bikes与offer之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,用现在分词作伴随状语,故填offering。

(8)考查代词。

句意:骑自行车的另一个原因是自行车交通相对安全。

上文介绍了人们喜欢骑自行车是因为自行车更清洁、更便宜、对健康有益,此处介绍的是骑自行车的另一个原因,故填Another。

(9)考查副词。

句意:骑自行车的另一个原因是自行车交通相对安全。

修饰形容词safe 用副词,故填relatively。

(10)考查介词。

句意:阿姆斯特丹人骑着各种各样的自行车。

a wide variety of固定短语,“多种多样的”,故填of。

【点评】本题考点涉及名词,冠词,非谓语动词,时态,定语从句,形容词,代词,副词以及介词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

9.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The silent killer — air pollution causes seven million premature (过早的) ________(death) a year, not just in________(develop) countries but also in UK and the USA as well. In China,people are well aware of the health problems it brings.
I check every part every day. If it has heavy air pollution, I will prepare masks for my family. I dislike________when the air is bad. Because bad air makes it difficult for me to breathe and I think it does influence my________(perform) at work. A new research in china has also found a link between air quality and levels of intelligence. In the study, 25,000 people living across China________(test) in language and math skills last year. They found the results of those________lived in more polluted areas were________ (negative) impacted, especially in languages. It adds to a growing body of evidence that air pollution has an effect not just on the lungs and heart________on the brain.。

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