2018-2019学年高中英语(人教版)选修七Unit 2 Robot Using language课时作业(1)

Unit 2 Robot Using language课时作业
第一节完形填空
Cultural differences occur wherever you go. When visiting another country, you should be aware of those differences and _____1_____ them. Here are some _____2_____ on how to fit in.
Every traveler to a foreign country feels _____3_____ at some point. What you do can make locals laugh. Your best defense is a sense of _____4_____ If you can laugh off eating with the wrong hand in India，locals will warm to you as “ that crazy foreigner. ”
Wearing proper clothes is important too, _____5_____ locals will judge you by what you wear. In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is _____6_____ , especially if you are a woman. So leave your tom jeans at home.
Asia
Also be cautious about expressing _____7_____ .Getting angry in Southeast just makes you look silly. In some countries it is _____8_____ to kiss in public.
1. A. reject B. recite C. respect D. remove
2. A. plans B. tips C. arguments D. choices
3. A. unsafe B. excited C. satisfied D. awkward
4. A. relief B. belonging C. humor D. direction
5. A. but B. for C. so D. or
6. A. forbidden B. allowed C. expected D. tolerated
7. A. emotions B. concern C. interest D. views
8. A. natural B. advisable C. unwise D. unnecessary
第二节阅读理解
A
In the 1760s, Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that boasted(享有)a special meat soup called consommé. Altho ugh the main attraction was the soup, Roze’s chain shops also set a new standard for dining out, which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant.
Today, scholars have generated large amounts of instructive research about restaurants. Take visual hints that influence what we eat:diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta(意大利面食) when their plates matched their food. When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.
Lighting matters, too. When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness, they couldn’t tell how much they’d had:those given extra-large shares ate more than everyone else, but were none the wiser—they didn’t feel fuller, and they were just as ready for dessert.
Time is money, but that principle means different things for different types of restaurants. Unlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend. One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round:put on some Mozart (莫扎特). When classical, rather than pop, music was playing, diners spent more. Fast music hurried diners out. Particular scents also have an effect:diners who got the scent of lavender (薰衣草) stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent.
Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spending—“bad”tables, crowding, high prices—don’t necessarily. Diners at bad tables—next to the kitchen door, say—spent nearly as much as others but soon fled. It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not “be overly concerned about ‘bad’tables,”given that they’re profitable. As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant’s reputation, suggesting great food at fair prices. And doub ling a buffet’s price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier.
1.The underlined phrase “none the wiser” in paragraph 3 most probably implies that the customers were .
A.not aware of eating more than usual
B.not willing to share food with others
C.not conscious of the food quality
D.not fond of the food provided
2.How could a fine dining shop make more profit?
A.Playing classical music.
B.Introducing lemon scent.
C.Making the light brighter.
ing plates of larger size.
3.What does the last paragraph talk about?
A.Tips to attract more customers.
B.Problems restaurants are faced with.
C.Ways to improve restaurants’ reputation.
mon misunderstandings about restaurants.
B
Chimps(黑猩猩) will cooperate in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to help one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children, who are able from a young age to gather their own food.
In the laboratory, chimps don’t naturally share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor in the next cage, he will pull at random—he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.
Human children, on the other hand, are naturally cooperative. From the earliest ages, they desire to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this cooperativeness in a series of experiments with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an unrelated adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.
There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught,but naturally possessed in young children.One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train their children to behave socially. Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence develops in children before their
general cognitive(认知的)skills, at least when compared with chimps. In tests conducted by Tomasello, the human children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.
The core of what ch ildren’s minds have and chimps’ don’t is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality. Part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking. But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”, a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.
4.What can we learn from the experiment with chimps?
A.Chimps seldom care about others’ interests.
B.Chimps tend to provide food for their children.
C.Chimps like to take in their neighbors’ food.
D.Chimps naturally share food with each other.
5.Michael Tomasello’s tests on young children indicate that they.
A.have the instinct to help others
B.know how to offer help to adults
C.know the world better than chimps
D.trust adults with their hands full
6.The passage is mainly about .
A.the helping behaviors of young children
B.ways to train children’s shared intentionality
C.cooperation as a distinctive human nature
D.the development of intelligence in children
参考答案
完形填空
【考点】考察文化类短文阅读
【文章大意】作者在本文中告诉我们文化差异无处不在，当我们到国外去旅游的
时候，一定要注意到这些文化的差异。

接着作者还给我们提了一些具体的建议。

1.C 考察动词词义及上下文串联。

A拒绝；B背诵；C尊敬；D去除；句意：文化差异无处不在。

当你去另外一个国家的时候，一定要意识到这些文化的差异还有尊重这些差异。

接下来作者就给我们提了一些具体的建议。

2.B 考察名词辨析和上下文串联。

A计划；B建议；C争论，观点；D选择；根据下文3段中的描述可知都是对处理文化差异的建议。

故B正确。

3.D 考察形容词辨析和上下文串联。

A不安全的；B兴奋的；C满意的；D尴尬的，难处理的；句意：到国外旅游的每个人在某个时候都会感到尴尬，因为你不了解对方的文化，你所做的事情让对方感到好笑。

4.C 考察名词词义辨析和上下文串联。

A轻松，缓解；B所有物；C幽默；D方向；根据下面一句中的laugh off说明当你的行为让当地人笑的时候，你化解尴尬最好的方法就使用幽默感。

5.B 考察连词辨析。

A但是（表示转折）；B因为（表示补充说明原因）；C于是（说明上下文因果关系）；D否则，要不然；或者；句意：穿合适的衣服也很重要，因为当地人会根据你穿的衣服来判断你。

根据句意可知表示的是补充说明要注意穿着的原因。

6.A 考察动词词义辨析和上下文串联。

A禁止；B允许；C期待；D容忍；句意：在一些中东国家，暴露皮肤是禁止的，尤其是女性。

根据句意可知A正确。

7.A 考察名词辨析及上下文串联。

A情绪；B担心；C兴趣；D观点；句意：在表达你的感情的时候也要很谨慎，在东南亚地区生气会让你看起来很愚蠢。

根据下句中的getting angry可知本句表示的是表达情绪。

8.C 考察形容词辨析以及上下文理解。

A自然的；B明智的，可取的；C不明智的；D不必的；本段讨论的是在一些国家里要很谨慎地表示自己的情感。

那么亲吻也是不明智的，因为这也是一个表示情感的方法。

故C正确。

【长难句解析】
1.When visiting another country, you should be aware of those differences and respect them.
【翻译】当你参观另外一个国家的时候，你应该意识到这些差异并尊敬这些差异。

【分析】本句中有一个省略句，在连词when的后面省略了you are。

当状语从句的
主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词的时候，可以把状语从句的主语和be动词一起省略。

2.Wearing proper clothes is important too, for locals will judge you by what you wear. 【翻译】穿合适的衣服也很重要，因为当地人会根据你穿的衣服来判断你。

【分析】本句中的动名词短语wearing proper clothes在句中做主语，单个的动名词做主语，谓语动词使用单数形式。

第二句中的for表示补充说明，另外句中有一个宾语从句what you wear，作为介词by的宾语，其中的what既是引导词也在句中作为动词wear的宾语。

阅读理解
A
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。

现在大量的研究发现颜色的搭配、光线、音乐、气味都会影响顾客在餐馆的消费。

1.A词义猜测题。

画线短语前提到“在光线暗的地方吃饭,顾客无法判断已经吃了多少东西。

被给了超大份食物的顾客会比其他人吃得多”, 画线短语后提到“他们并没有感觉到吃得更饱”,再根据连词but的提示可推断,画线短语的意思为“没有意识到比平常吃得更多”,故选A项。

2.A推理判断题。

根据题干中的a fine dining shop直接定位到第四段第二句(和快餐店不同,好的饭店更愿意顾客能待久一些并进行消费),然后根据第三句可知,鼓励顾客留下来多点餐的方法之一是播放莫扎特的音乐。

由此推断,好的饭店通过播放经典音乐使顾客留下来多点餐,从而赚取更多利润,故选A项。

3.D主旨大意题。

根据段落主题句确定段落主旨是最常用的方法。

分析最后一段可知,本段第一句是本段主题句(同时,你可能以为会导致顾客减少消费的一些因素——不好的餐桌位置、拥挤的环境和价格高——都未必是对的),由此确定答案为D 项。

B
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。

很小的孩子就会帮助别人,与人合作和分享,这是人的本性。

4.A细节理解题。

根据文章第二段中的实验得知黑猩猩不关心、不在乎同类。

故A项正确。

其中C项干扰性较大,黑猩猩只是自私,而不是喜欢那么做。

5.A推理判断题。

根据文章第三段第一、二句得知小孩帮助他人是出于本能,故A 项正确。

B项太片面;C、D两项文中没提到。

6.C主旨要义题。

通读全文可知,作者通过对黑猩猩和小孩进行实验证实了助人、与别人合作是人独有的本能。

A项干扰性较大,文章不是简单地介绍了小孩子的助人行为。