江苏省扬中市同德中学八年级英语过去进行时语法课件牛津译林版

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Unit8Grammar课件牛津译林版英语八年级上册

2. Sandy with her mother ______(eat) her lunch at that time.
3. Millie _______(have) a PE lesson at 4 p.m.yesterday.
4. The farmers ________(work) on the farm all morning.
I was doing some shopping when it strated.
13
A延续性动作 B非延续性动作
while 之后接A 1. A +while +A 2. B +while +A
when + B 1.A +when +B 2.B +when +B
14
1. When Simon arrived, Amy was
at this time yesterday,
at 2 p.m.yesterday, all morning 等连用。
6
过去进行时的句式（1）基本结构：was/were + v-ing （2）否定式： was/were not + v-ing
was not = wasn’t were not = weren’t （3）疑问句：将 was/were 调到主语前
19
6. Mary _w_a_s_d_a_n__ci_n_g_ while Peter w__a_s_p_l_a_y_in__g_the piano. Mary在跳舞，而Peter在弹钢琴。
7. They _w__e_r_e_r_e_a_d_in_g__the newspaper when I w__e_n_t_in__to_ the room. 我走进屋子时他们正在看报纸。

牛津译林版中考英语二轮复习过去进行时语法讲义

过去进行时知识精讲一、过去进行时表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。

二、句子结构主语+was/were +doing (现在分词)三、基本用法四、时间状语1. at that moment/time, at + 过去的时刻2. when/while 引导的时间状语从句五、相关句式一、单项填空1. ________ there are so many things around us that go against our will, we can’t give them up because following the dream is important.A. ThoughB. IfC. SinceD. Unless【答案】A2. —Why do plants need light, Mr Chen?—To make their own food. If you leave a plant near a window, it will grow ________ the light.A. oppositeB. towardsC. forwardD. against【答案】B3. —Have you read the Chinese idiom story To Rise with the Rooster, Jessica?—Yes. It tells us we ________ be too hardworking.A. canB. mustC. can’tD. mustn’t【答案】C4. ________ the Museum’s 90th year, Nanjing Museum displayed more than 200 valuable treasures in 90 groups.A. CelebrateB. CelebratingC. To celebratingD. To celebrate【答案】D5. Look at the notice. It tells you that the school fitness centre will ________.B. open again to students at the end of JanuaryC. have shorter opening hours until the end of JanuaryD. change its opening hours at the end of January【答案】D6. A fall of snow gives promise of a fruitful year. Farmers wele snow because snow can ________ crops from cold fronts (冷锋) and keep the fields warm.A. protectB. preventC. provideD. present【答案】A7. —Who do you admire most, Michael?—I admire those who are ________ to face any challenge far beyond their abilities.A. too braveB. too proudC. brave enoughD. proud enough【答案】C8. The history of Siheyuan in Beijing can be traced back to about 800 years ago when Beijing ________ its status (地位) as the capital city.A. set upB. opened upC. put upD. took up【答案】A9. —How do you like your life in Grade 9?—It seemed a little difficult at first, but ________ turns out fine now.A. somethingB. anythingC. nothingD. everything【答案】D10. —Mr. Sigmund, I get angry easily, ________ when my parents don’t agree with me.—Please try to control yourself and learn to put yourself in their shoes.A. speciallyB. especiallyC. pletelyD. simply【答案】B11. —Mum, when will Dad be back? He ________ for a week.—If all goes smoothly, he should arrive home tomorrow afternoon.A. leftB. has leftC. has been awayD. is leaving【答案】C12. —________ unforgettable experience I had in Harbin Ice and Snow World!—I’m glad you had a good time.A. What anB. WhatC. How anD. How【答案】A13. Some words in the poems rhyme. Which word may it be in “By climbing to a greater ________”?A. floorB. heightC. mountainD. top【答案】B14. Sora, the new AI, surprises the world with very realistic videos. I wonder ________.A. how soon will Sora be widely put into useB. how does Sora turns words into a 60second videoC. how long it takes Sora to turn words into a videoD. that Sora has more advantages than ChatGPT【答案】C15. —pared to a printed picture, Grandpa’s painting is more suitable for our living room.—________. It’s our family treasure.A. That’s all rightB. I can’t agree moreC. My pleasureD. All right【答案】B二、完形填空In the city of London about 150 years ago, many people started to get very sick. The sickness they had was called “cholera”(霍乱). The disease caused ____16____ among Londoners because nobody knew how to prevent it or cure it.Most doctors thought that people got cholera from breathing in ____17____ air. They told patients to open their windows and breathe in fresh air as much as possible. Some doctors told their patients to drink lots of water or take certain medicine. However, their advice did not ____18____. They did not know what to do.John Snow was a doctor and scientist who had a(n) ____19____ idea. He thought that cholera might have been spreading through the water that people were drinking. Maybe polluted water was making everyone sick.At first, nobody paid much attention to Dr. Snow. They believed that cholera was spread through the air and that water was not the ____20____. Dr. Snow developed a plan to prove his theory (理论). He went to different neighbourhoods in London and ____21____ their water. He also counted the number of sick people in each neighbourhood. It was just as he had thought! The neighbourhoods with the cleanest water had the ____22____ sick people. The places with the dirtiest water had the greatest number of sick people. This proved his theory that cholera was spread through dirty water. The other doctors finally ____23____ that Dr. Snow was right. All over London, people stopped drinking water that might be polluted. Almost ____24____, people stopped getting sick. All it took was clean water.Thanks to Dr. John Snow, we also know how to stop many other sicknesses that can be spread through dirty water. We would not know about the risks of dirty water if it were not for Dr. John Snow’s hard work and ____25____. Dr. Snow may not be as famous as Batman or Wonder Woman, but he is a hero.16. A. stress B. pain C. fear D. hunger17. A. cold B. warm C. clean D. polluted18. A. work B. matter C. accept D. appear19. A. different B. similar C. strange D. amazing20. A. case B. result C. problem D. disease21. A. heated B. tested C. drank D. cleared22. A. largest B. smallest C. most D. fewest23. A. doubted B. mentioned C. supposed D. realized24. A. at once B. at least C. at present D. at last25. A. treatment B. discovery C. technology D. invention【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. B。

牛津译林英语八年级上册 Unit8 Grammar (共56张PPT)

The boys were playing football while the
girls were chatting. While the boys were playing football, the girls were chatting.
at 7 yesterday evening
The girl was reading a book while the
changeing chat ting drink ing writeing shop ping swim ming
liyeing
see ing
A snowstorm hit Sunshine Town. Mr. Wu is asking the students about it. Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
at this time yesterday， at 9 last night , at that moment 等连用。或者在when, while, as引导的时间状语从句中使用。
Look at the following sentences carefully. Pay attention to the colored parts.
1. I was sleeping when it started to rain. 2. I was sleeping when the earthquake
started.
3. Outside, people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down.

初二过去进行时讲解课件

03 过去进行时与一般过去时的比较
CHAPTER
相同点
01
02
03
时间点
两者都表示过去的时间点。
动作
两者都可以表示过去发生的动作。
状态
两者都可以表示过去的状态。
不同点
时间点
一般过去时只表示某个过去的特定时间点，而过去进行时则表示某个过去的时间段内正在进行的动作或持续的状态。
动作
状态
表示过去某段时间内一直进行的动作
总结词
描述过去某段时间内持续进行的动作
详细描述
过去进行时可以用来描述过去某段时间内一直进行的动作，强调动作的持续性。例如，“She was writing a letter all morning.”（她整个上午都在写信。）
与when引导的时间状语从句连用
总结词
英文
He was reading a book at home at 5 pm yesterday.
05 常见错误分析
CHAPTER
忘记用was/were+现在分词的形式
总结词
这是过去进行时的基本结构，如果忘记使用was/were+现在分词的形式，句子结构就不完整。
详细描述
过去进行时表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，其结构为 “was/were+现在分词”。例如，“He was reading a book at 10 o’clock yesterday morning”。
描述当某个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行
详细描述
过去进行时可以与when引导的时间状语从句连用，表示当某个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。例如，“I was walking along the street when suddenly someone called my name.”（我正沿着街道走，突然有人叫我的名字。）

牛津译林版八年级英语上册Unit 8 Natural Disasters Grammar---过去进行时课件

长动词
When +一般过去时，过去进行时。
短动词
长动词
When/While/As+过去进行时，一般过去时。
长动词
短动词
1. 当连接同时发生的两个延续性长动作时，常用while引导。
e.g. While I was watching TV, he was listening to music. Millie was reading a book while Eddie was sleeping.
2. 如果短暂性的动作是主句时，我们可以用when, while 或 as 引导。
e.g. When/while/as Millie was watching TV, Andy came into the room.
3. 如果延续性的动作是主句时，我们经常用when 来连接。
e.g. Millie was watching TV when Andy came into the room.
When was getting
arrived
When/While/As
were building
was taking
fell was making
when/while/as
was hiding hit
when
When/While/As ran
were playing
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
What was Zhao Ming doing last Sunday afternoon ?
Was Zhao Ming Climbing the Lion Hill last Sunday afternoon?
Past continuous tense

牛津译林版八年级上册语法专题—过去进行时详解和提优题整理(word版含答案)

江苏省2019—2020学年第一学期牛津译林版8AU8语法专题过去进行时详解及提优题整理1.定义：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用，包括过去的时间点和时间段。

例：I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。

They were waiting for you yesterday.他们昨天一直在等你。

2.结构肯定形式：主语+was/were+V-ing否定形式：主语+was not (wasn't)/were not (weren't)+V-ing疑问形式：Was/Were+主语+V-ing。

3.基本用法：(1).过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。

常与之连用的时间状语有:at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week…),at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday…)，when sb. did sth等时间状语从句例：What were you doing at 7p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七点你在干什么？I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a book shop at that time.我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前，当时她在一家书店工作。

I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。

(2).when后通常用表示暂短性动词，while后通常用表示持续性动词，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态例：When the car broke down,I was walking past it.= While I was walking past, the car broke down.(3).when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中,另一个意想不到的动作发生了。

Unit8 Grammar课件 2022-2023学年牛津译林版英语八年级上册

Unit 8 Natural disasters
Grammar
Describe the pictures using the sentences from The Taiwan Earthquake.
1
2
3
1. I was sleeping when the earthquake started. 2. People were running in all directions while pieces of glass
Was he/she/it
I Yes, you/we/they
he/she/it
was. were. was.
I
wasn’t.
No, you/we/they weren’t.
he/she/it wasn’t.
was reading
were
doing
was having
was walking waiting
Look and complete
Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, Daniel’s family didn’t go outside yesterday. What were they doing at 9 a.m. yesterday?
Daniel w__a_s__s_le_e_p_i_n_g
2. 结构：was/were doing
3. 常见时间状语：
• 昨天下午3点到5点 from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. yesterday
• 昨天这时
at this time/moment yesterday
• 那时
at that time/moment
• 昨天整个早上/下午 the whole morning/afternoon yesterday

专题14 重点语法：过去进行时-(牛津译林版)译林版八年级英语上册

专题14 过去进行时精练精析过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行或发生的动作，意为“那时正在……” 。

常用的标志词：at 2:00 yesterday，at this time yesterday，while / when，then / at that time / at that moment；when my father got home当我爸爸回到家的时候；when I pass by the playground当我经过操场的时候；while I was reading当我正在阅读的时候。

时态含义结构时间状语过去进行时表示在过去某段时间内正在发生的事情或行为。

was/were +动词-ing形式at 2:00 yesterday，at this timeyesterday，while / when，then /at that time / at that moment；when my father got home过去进行时精练精析：一、单项选择1．—I ________ my homework when I heard the scientist Yuan Longping passed away. —Lots of people cried because of the bad news.A．did B．am doing C．was doing D．were doing 2．I ________ when my father came back.A．am watching TV B．have watched TV C．was watching TV D．watched TV 3．—Did you notice her come in?—Sorry, I ________ the music.A．was listening B．was listening to C．is listening D．is listening to 4．—I called you many times, but you didn’t pick up the phone.— Oh, sorry. I _______ for an exam.A．am studying B．studied C．was studying 5．— What was your sister doing at 7 a.m. yesterday?— She breakfast.A．is having B．had C．was having 6．David fell fast asleep while he ________ a newspaper.A．reads B．will read C．was reading D．read 7．The boy with two dogs ________ in the yard when the earthquake hit the city.A．is playing B．was playing C．were playing 8．—Did you see Mr Black just now?—Yes. He ________ his car when I met him.A．parked B．was parking C．will park9．—Did you watch the football match yesterday?—Yes, I did. You know, my younger brother ________ in the match.A．is playing B．was playing C．will play D．had played 10．The policeman asked me________ at this time yesterday.A．what was I doing B．what did I do C．what I was doing D．what I did 11．When my father got home, I ________ an E-mail to my friend.A．am sending B．sent C．was sending D．will send 12．Linda told the policeman she ________ for the bus at ten o’clock yesterday morning. A．waited B．was waiting C．has waited D．will wait 13．I ________ on the computer when Jim came to see me yesterday evening.A．draw B．drew C．am drawing D．was drawing 14．—I called you this morning, but nobody answered.—I ________ in my garden at that time.A．ran B．was running C．am running D．had run 15．My brother came home while I ________ homework.A．am doing B．were doing C．was doing D．am done 16．I ________ my clothes and the phone rang.A．wash B．washed C．am washing D．was washing 17．—Has David finished his project yet?—I guess not. He ________ on it at lunchtime. Do you want me to confirm it?A．is working B．was working C．has worked D．had worked 18．I don’t think Jim saw me; he ________ his homework.A．just does B．was just doing C．has just done D．had just done 19．The fog was so heavy on the road that I could hardly see where I ________.A．had gone B．went C．was going D．go20．She ________ a lot of noise with the pans and did not hear anything unusual.A．is making B．was making C．will make D．have made 21．—How did it happen?—We ________ on the lake when suddenly she ________ the water.A．were boating; fell into B．are boating; falls intoC．boated; fell into D．were boating; were falling into 22．Lily was dancing while Jim ________ the piano.A．played B．was playing C．were playing D．plays23．________ when you started out?A．Has it snowed B．Did it snow C．Was it snowing D．Is it snowing 24．What ________ when I called you on the telephone?A．did you do B．have you done C．were you doing D．are you doing 25．—I didn’t see you at the meeting yesterday. Why?—I ________ for a long distance call from my daughter in Canada then.A．waited B．have waited C．was waiting D．will wait二、完成句子26．He finally _______ _______ when the wind was _______ ________ at around 3:00 a.m. 在凌晨三点左右，风逐渐变弱时，他终于睡着了。

牛津译林版八年级英语上册 Unit 8 Natural Disasters Grammar过去进行时

2. When/While/As I was waiting for a
√ bus, I met her. while指某一段时间，从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的 when既可指某一段时间，也可指某一点时间，从句中的谓语动词可是延续性的，也可是短暂性的
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
While +过去进行时，过去进行时。
长动词
Help the police make a survey
Name
What was he / she doing last Sunday afternoon ?
(was + V ing . )
Zhao Ming
was watching TV at home
What were you doing last Sunday afternoon ?
What was Zhao Ming doing last Sunday afternoon ?
Was Zhao Ming Climbing the Lion Hill last Sunday afternoon?
Past continuous tense
To talk about things that happening at a particular time in the past
过去的特定时间
at 8:00 yesterday morning last Sunday afternoon
when the earthquake started
Structure（结构） S + was / were + Ving
wasn’t / weren’t
Was / Were + S + Ving … ?

牛津译林版八年级英语下册 Units1-4 语法复习讲解(PPT39张)

Unit 1
Gramma r教材(P12)
present perfect tense
现在完成时
Unit 1 一、现在完成时的含义：
1. 动作、状态发生于过去或一直持续到现在。可能还会继续持续下去，或者刚刚结束。 e.g. He has lived here since he came to Nanjing. I have waited here for twenty minutes.
C. before
D. already
( A ) 3. Though my grandma lives on Hainan Island________, she doesn’t feel________.
A. alone, lonely
B. lonely, alone
C. alone, alone
e.g. He has been in London for a year. 他已经在伦敦待了一年了。
Unit 2 二、和for及since连用的动词：
3、表示一个动作到如今为止发生了几次。 e.g. I have already read this book three times .
Unit 1
LOGO
二、现在完成时的构成：
1. 现在完成时的肯定句句型：主语+have/has+过去分词...
e.g. He has lived in Beijing for ten years.
catch-caught-caught forget-forgot-forgotten read -read -read
tell -told -told
keep - kept -kept
Unit 1

牛津译林版-英语-八上-8单元语法精品课件-过去进行时

三、若主, 从句两个延续动作同时进行,用 while, 则主与从句都用进行时, 此时,while译为“而”“一边,一边”, 如: 1. 他正在读书而我正在学习。 He was reading the newspaper while I was studying. 2.贝贝正在唱歌, 而萍萍正在跳舞。 Beibei was singing while Pingping was danc
3. When I saw him, hew_a_s___________ (search
the Internet.
searching
4. They _w_e_r_e_d_i_s_c_u_s_s_in_g_ (discuss) a problem in the meeting room at this time yesterday. 5. __W_a_s__ Amy _v_i_s_it_in_g__ (visit) the Science Museum from 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. yesterday?
1. 表示在过去某个时间点正在发生的动作.常与 at ten last night, at this time yesterday, at that time/moment, when I came in 等连用.
2. 表示在过去某段时间之内持续不断发生的动作. 常与last night, this morning, from…to (from7 to 10 this morning)连用. 区别: 今天上午他写了一封信.
--Yes, he was. /No, he wasn’t. 4) What was Jim doing from eight to ten
last night?

Module7Unit3(过去进行时)八年级英语上册课件

过去进行时+while+过去进行时；一般过去时（-ed）+while+过去进行时（was/ were+doing）
过去进行时：was / were doing
过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
时态
过去进行时
一般过去时
结构 was / were +
-ed
用法
表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作
表示已经发生的动作
then, at that time, this 时间状 time yesterday, at seven
语 yesterday evening, when, while
yesterday, just now, last day/ week/ month... ...ago; ...
过去进行时：was / were doing
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + V-ing + 其他 ?
1. I was reading a book at that time.（对划线部分进行提问） __W__h_a_t____ ___w_e_r_e____ you ___d_o_in_g____ at that time?
2. — I called you up at seven o’clock last night, but nobody answered it. — Really? I’m sorry, but I was teaching / taught a piano lesson at school.
3. — I was seeing / saw you and Tom in the library just now.

江苏省八年级英语牛津译林版下册单元课件：UNIT7 GRAMMAR 语法课件

englishenglishspoken动作的执行者动作的承受者形体分析方法是贯穿于一切工程图绘制阅读及尺寸标注全过程的基本思维方法目的就是为了便于准确地理解组合体的形状及结构
Unit 7 Grammar
Zxxk
Passive voice
组卷网
中学学科网
1
WWF
2
UNICEF
3
Oxfam
4 ORBIS
1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build
2. Cotton（棉花） ____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow
3.Where do ORBIS doctors do operations? ORBIS doctors do operations on the plane. On the plane , operations are done by ORBIS doctors .
4.How many of these cases can be prevented or cured? About 80 per cent of them can be prevented or cured.
What did they do last week?
were sent to children in poor areas by the 4.New books Class1, Grade 8 students (send/ to children in poor areas/ the Class1, Grade 8 students). 5.Warm clothes were collected for poor people (collect/ for poor people). was held by the Students’ Union 6.A charity show (hold/ the Students’ Union).

牛津译林版初中英语八年级上册Unit 8 grammar 课件

A A snowstorm hit Sunshine Town. Mr. Wu is asking the students about it. Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Extension
过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 1. 过去进行时着重描述当时正在进行的动作，它的特点是：未完成，强调过程； 2. 一般过去时表示一个已经完成的动作，表示动作发生过，而且已经结束了，强调结果。
Exercise
1. Mary __________ a dress when she cut her finger.
Rule: We can use “_w__h_il_e__” to join two long actions.
Discussion
how to use
Short action with when ,when, Long action with as, while, Long action also with when. As, while, when, we can understand! As, while ,when, We can understand!
过去进行时的句式
1) 肯定句: 主语 + was/ were + V-ing
We use “was doing” with the pronouns(代词)
___I___,__h_e____,__s_h_e__and __it____.
We use “were doing” with the pronouns(代词)
Unit 8 Natural disasters Grammar

U8语法过去进行时2022-2023学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册

8AU8语法过去进行时第一部分：过去进行时一、过去进行时的意义过去进行时表示过去（某个时间点）正在进行或发生的动作，也可指过去一段时间内正在进行的动作。

二、肯定句、否定句和疑问句。

肯定句I was sleeping at 10 p.m. last night.You/We/They were sleeping at 10 p.m. last night.He/She/It was sleeping at 10 p.m. last night.否定句I was not sleeping at 10 p.m. last night.You/We/They were not sleeping at 10 p.m. last night.He/She/It was not sleeping at 10 p.m. last night.一般疑问句Was I sleeping at 10 p.m. last night. Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t.Were you/we/they sleeping at 10 p.m. last night. Yes, you/we/they were.No, you/we/they weren’t.Was he/she/it sleeping at 10 p.m. last night. Yes, he/she/it was. No, he/she/it wasn’t.三、过去完成时的用法1. 表示过去某个时刻正在做某事，常用的时间状语at 10 p.m. last night, then, when, while, at this time yesterday, at that time, at that moment。

时间状语也可以用从句来表示。

例如：例1. What was she doing at nine o’clock yesterday?昨天晚上九点她在做什么？(介词短语表示时间点)例2. When I saw him he was decorating his room.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。

牛津译林八年级上册Unit8 Grammar——过去进行时

Unit8 Grammar——过去进行时过去进行时（一）基本结构：sb.+was/wasn’t+doing【I、he、she、it】sb.+were/weren’t+doing【we、you、they】1.ask-asking look-looking carry-carrying2.Close-closing take-taking ride-riding3.Swim-swimming get-getting sit-sitting put-putting begin-beginning 表达两大基本含义：●Eg：——What were you doing at 7 o’clock last night.（当时正做着什么？）——I was doing some homework.（我当时正...）What were you doing between 7 o’clock and 9 o’clock yesterday？I was doing my homework.●What was your father doing when you came back home yesterday？（当...时候+点动词）What was your brother doing when you saw him half an hour ago？He was playing computer games.❖总结：定义（一）过去某一时刻动作正在进行.Eg：They were watching TV at ten o’clock last night？I was cooking dinner when my husband got home yesterday afternoon.试题分析：1.——where were you at 7:00 last night？——I to my mom at home.A.writeB.was writingC.wrote2.My breakfast when the morning post came.A.hadB.had been writingC.have been writingD.was writing3.The reporter said that the UFO east to west when 和saw it.A.was travellingB.traveledC.had been travellingD.was to travel➢Was/were+doing sth.+when did sth.长时动作）at that time）短时动作）1.Jane （wait）for me when I （arrive）.2.How fast （you/drive）when the accident （happen）.3.I haven’t seen Alan for ages，when I last （see）him，he （try）tofind a job in London.4.When I was young I （want）to become a scientist.【进行时中的动词是可以进行的时态，不是所有动词都可以进行】5.When my mother came in yesterday，she （look）unhappy.What were they doing from2-4last Sunday？They were shopping.定义（二）过去某一时间段动作正在进行中。