计算机英语2

麦克风是将声音转换成可被计算机存储、处理和回放的信 号的设备。语音识别模块是将说的话转换成计算机能够识 别和处理的信号的设备。
Computer Hardware—Input Hardware
A modem, which stands for modulatordemodulator, is a device that connects a computer to a telephone line and allows information to be transmitted to or received from another computer. Each computer that sends or receives information must be connected to a modem. 调制解调器代表调制器―解调器，是将计算机与 电话线连接、允许信息传给或接自另一台计算机 的设备。每台发送或接收信息的计算机都必须与 调制解调器相连接。
A microphone is a device for converting sound into signals that can then be stored, manipulated, and played back by the computer. A voice recognition module is a device that converts spoken words into information that the computer can recognize and process.
另一方面，软件是计算机用来处理数据的一套指令，如文字处理程 序或者视频游戏。这些程序通常被存储起来，并由计算机硬件调入和调 出中央处理器。软件也控制着硬件如何使用；例如，如何从存储设备中 检索信息。输入与输出硬件的交互作用是由基本输入/输出系统（BIOS） 软件控制的。
Computer Hardware—Introduction
Computer English
(Third Edition)
Unit 2,Section A Computer Hardware
厦门理工学院 陈丹波
Computer Hardware—Introduction
Con
I.Introduction Computer hardware is the equipment involved in the function of a computer and consists of the components that can be physically handled. The function of these components is typically divided into three main categories: input, output, and storage. Components in these categories connect to microprocessors, specifically, the computer’s central processing unit (CPU), the electronic circuitry that provides the computational ability and control of the computer, via wires or circuitry called a bus.
A joystick is a pointing device composed of a lever that moves in multiple directions to navigate a cursor or other graphical object on a computer screen.
操纵杆是由一根杆子组成的指示设备，该杆以向多 个方向移动来操纵计算机屏幕上的光标或者其他图 形对象。
Computer Hardware—Input Hardware
A keyboard is a typewriter-like device that allows the user to type in text and commands to the computer. Some keyboards have special function keys or integrated pointing devices, such as a trackball or touchsensitive regions that let the user’s finger motions move an on-screen cursor.
Computer Hardware—Input Hardware
II.Input Hardware Input hardware consists of external devices—that is, components outside of the computer’s CPU—that provide information and instructions to the computer.
光扫描仪利用光感应设备将图片或文本等形式的图像转换成计算机能够处 理的电子信号。例如，一张照片能够被扫入一台计算机，然后包括在该计算机 建立的文本文件中。最常见的两种扫描仪类型是平板式扫描仪和手持式扫描仪， 前者类似一台办公复印机，后者用手动的方式从要处理的图像上扫过。
Computer Hardware—Input Hardware
Although microprocessors are still technically considered to be hardware, portions of their function are also associated with computer software. Since microprocessors have both hardware and software aspects they are therefore often referred to as firmware. 尽管微处理器在技术上仍被认为是硬件，其部 分功能也与计算机软件有关系。既然微处理器同时 具有硬件与软件方面的特征，它们因此经常被称作 固件。
Software, on the other hand, is the set of instructions a computer uses to manipulate data, such as a word-processing program or a video game. These programs are usually stored and transferred via the computer’s hardware to and from the CPU. Software also governs how the hardware is utilized; for example, how information is retrieved from a storage device. The interaction between the input and output hardware is controlled by software called the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) software.
I.引言
计算机硬件是计算机运行所需要的设备，由可进行物理 处理的元件组成。这些元件的功能一般分为3个主要类别：输入、输 出和存储。这些类别的元件与微处理器相连接，特别是与计算机的 中央处理器相连接，而后者是通过被称之为总线的线路或电路来提 供计算能力和对计算机进行控制的电子电路。
Computer Hardware—Introduction
定语从句
II.输入硬件 输入硬件由给计算机提供信息和指令的外部设 备——亦即计算机中央处理器以外的元件——组成。
A light pen is a stylus with a light sensitive tip that is used to draw directly on a computer’s video screen or to select information on the screen by pressing a clip in the light pen or by pressing the light pen against the surface of the screen. The pen contains light sensors that identify which portion of the screen it is passed over.
光笔是具有光敏端头的输入笔，用来在计算机屏幕上直接写画， 或者通过按光笔上的夹子或用光笔接触屏幕来在屏幕上选择信息。 这种笔含有光传感器，能够识别屏幕上笔经过的部分。
Computer Hardware—Input Hardware
A mouse is a pointing device designed to be gripped by one hand. It has a detection device (usually a ball) on the bottom that enables the user to control the motion of an on-screen pointer, or cursor, by moving the mouse on a flat surface. As the device moves across the surface, the cursor moves across the screen. To select items or choose commands on the screen, the user presses a button on the mouse.