Unit 2 知识点提要

8A Unit 2 知识点提要
一、词汇
1.广告可n. advertisement ▲(an/-s)
2.英国的adj. British
3.美国的adj. American
4.饼干可n. <英> biscuit (a/-s)、<美> cookie (a/-s)
5.卡车可n. <英>*lorry ▲(a/lorries)、<美> truck (a/-s)
6.橡皮可n. <英> rubber (a/-s)、<美>eraser ▲(an/-s)
7.足球可n. <英> football (a/-s)、<美> *soccer (a/-s)
8.假期可n. <英> holiday (a/-s)、<美> vacation (a/-s)
9.秋天可n. <英> autumn (a/-s)、<美> fall (a/-s)
下落；跌倒；倒塌↓v. fall→三单：-s →▲过去式：fell →▲现分：-ing
10.商店可n. <英> shop (a/-s)、<美> store (a/-s)
11.院子可n. <英> garden (a/-s)、<美> y ard (a/-s)
12.电影可n. <英> film (a/-s)、<美> movie (a/-s)
[典型例题]
( ) 1. People in the UK say biscuit while people in the USA say ______.
A. cake
B.cookie
C.eraser
D.soccer
( ) 2. Which sentence is likely (可能) to be spoken by Americans?
A. David Beckham is a popular soccer star.
B. The shop sells different kinds of biscuits.
C. It doesn’t rain often in this city in autumn.
D. The film is very popular.
( ) 3. If you are an Englishman, you may say “__________ ”
A.I want some cookies.
B. Autumn is coming.
C. Can I borrow your eraser?
D. He often plays soccer with his friends.
13.男女混合的，混合的adj. *mixed
★一所混合学校a mixed school
混合v.8AU4mix →▲三单：-es →过去式：-ed →现分：-ing
把A与B混合mix A with B
把...混合在一起8AU4mix ... together
14.法语不可n. &法国人可n.(a/-s) &法国(人)的adj.8BU4French
法国可n. France (a/-s) 常用单数
15.外国的adj. foreign (not in or from your own country)
外国人可n. foreigner (a/-s)
16.语言可n. language (a/-s) (words used in speaking and writing)
区分：青少年可n. *teenager (a/-s)
17.在…期间prep. during
18.讨论，议论v. discuss (talk about something)→▲三单：-es →过去式：-ed →现分：-ing
★与某人讨论某事discuss sth. with sb.
讨论可n.8BU5 discussion (a/-s)
19.在课堂上（短语）in class
20.<口>家伙可n. *guy (a/-s)
21.<口>好朋友；搭档可n.*buddy ▲(a/buddies)
22.主动提出，自愿给予v. offer (give something to someone)
→三单：-s →过去式：-ed →现分：-ing
★为某人提供某物（2种）offer sth. to sb.= offer sb. sth.
★给某人某物（2种）give sth. to sb.= give sb. sth.
23.结束v. end →三单：-s →过去式：-ed →现分：-ing
终止；末尾；终点可n.7BU8end (a/-s)
24.棒球可n. baseball (a/-s)
25.赢得；赢，获胜v. win (be best or first in a competition)
→三单：-s →▲过去式：won →▲现分：winning
获胜者可n. winner (a/-s)
26.最少的；最小的adj. (little的最高级) least
27.至少，不少于（短语）at least
28.至多，不超过（短语）at most
29.较远(的)/更远(的) adj.&adv. (far的比较级) farther/further
★further常考固搭（5种）
进一步学习/研究further study/ research 进一步讨论further discussion
更多的信息further information 其他的问题further questions
再往前/下走8BU3further on/ down
30.最远(的) adj.&adv. (far的最高级) farthest/furthest
31.花费(时间或金钱) v. spend →三单：-s →▲过去式：spent →现分：-ing
★★★★★“花费”公式（4种）
It/事takes/took sb. 时间段to do sth.
人spend(s)/spent时间段/金钱on sth.
(in) doing sth.
人pay(s)/paid（金钱）for sth.
物cost(s)/cost sb. 金钱
(
A.takes; spends
B. takes; costs
C. costs; costs
D. spends; takes
( )2. [基础题]The trip to the zoo _______ us about one hour by underground yesterday.
A. paid
B. took
C. spent
D. cost
( )3. [易错题]This dress is too expensive, it ____ me 2000 yuan.
A.takes
B. spends
C. pays
D. costs
( )4. [难题]He tries to spend as much time as he can ____ computer games.
A. play
B. plays
C. playing
D.to play
32.制服可n. *uniform ★(a/-s)
穿校服wear a school uniform= wear school uniforms
33.国际象棋不可n. chess
34.每日的，日常的adj.&日报n. daily
35.每周的adj. weekly
36.快的adj. quick 比较级：-er 最高级：the -est
快地adv. quickly比较级：more ~ 最高级：the most ~
慢的adj. slow 比较级：-er 最高级：the -est
慢地adv. slowly比较级：more ~ 最高级：the most ~
37.自始至终，从头到尾&(内部)穿过7BU6 prep. th r ough
区分：though/although prep. 尽管thought v. 认为(think的过去式)
38.浏览，快速查看（短语）look through
39.真实的，真的adj. real
真实地；确实，的确adv. really
40.起初，首先（短语）at first
41.继续/重复做某事（短语）keep (on) doing sth.
[拓展] “继续做某事”（4种）
keep (on) doing sth.= continue doing sth.= carry on doing sth. = carry on with sth.
42.完成；结束v. finish →▲三单：-es →过去式：-ed →现分：-ing
★完成做某事finish doing sth.
43.午餐时间不可n. lunchtime
★在午餐时间at lunchtime
44.物理(学) 不可n. physics
Physics _______ (be) a useful subject, the student must learn it wisely and well.
45.羽毛球运动不可n. *badminton
[总结] ★★★常考冠词题
play＋球类、棋、牌、中国乐器 e.g. play baseball/badminton/chess/cards/erhu(二胡) play the＋西洋乐器 e.g. play the piano/violin/guitar/drums(鼓)
46.理想的adj. *ideal
★一所理想的学校an ideal school
区分：想法，主意，思想可n. idea▲(an/-s)
二、语言点
1.(某人)为什么不做某事Why don’t/doesn’t/didn’t sb do sth. =why not do sth.
2.like作动词意为“喜欢”，作介词意为“像”(无时态、人称、数的变化)
be like 像；look like 看起来像像做某事be like doing sth.
—What is your school life like？—It is like _______ (live) in a big garden.
( ). Tom, _____ his brother, _____ playing basketball after school.
A.like; likes
B. like; like
C. likes; likes
D. likes; like
3.little “几乎没有”，修饰不可n. a little “有一些”，修饰不可n.
few “几乎没有”，修饰可n.复 a few“有一些”，修饰可n.复
4.你想要做某事吗？Would you like to do sth. ?
肯定回答：Yes, I’d like/love to. 否定回答：I’d like/love to, but……
5.做某事玩得开心have a good/great/nice/lovely/wonderful/fantastic time doing sth.
有很多much/lots of/a lot of
没有
have no
有更多时间做某事more time to do sth.
有更少less
有一段some time
[典型例题]
( )1. —Hey, guys. Do you often have a good time _____ after-school activities?
—Of course, we do. And we always have a lot of time_____ soccer.
A. to do; to practise
B. doing; to practise
C. to do; practising
D. doing; practising
( )2.Amy had a lovely time ____ one place after another in Shanghai and she had much time _____ the city.
A. to visit; to enjoy
B. visiting; to enjoy
C. to visit; enjoying
D. visiting; enjoying
( )3.Linda had a great time ____ with her friends, and they also had some time ____ about their studies last weekend.
A.to talk; to talk
B. to talk; talking
C. talking; to talk
D. talking; talking
6.练习做某事practice doing sth.
( )1. My brother enjoys __________ the piano in the music room.
A.practice playing
B. practice play
C. practicing playing
D. practice to play
( )2. The two girls always have a good time ________ the piano together.
A．practice to play B．to practice to play C．to practice playing D．practicing playing
( )3. [难题]We should spend as much time as we can __________ English every day.
A. practice speaking
B. practice to speak
C. on practicing speaking
D. practicing speaking
7.给某人买某物buy sth. for sb.= buy sb. sth.
8.在几年级（2种）in Year/Grade＋基数词= in the＋序数词＋year/grade
e.g. 在八年级______________________= ______________________（思考：如果改用阿拉伯数字呢？）
9.单个动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数
As we all know, using public chopsticks ________ (be) necessary when we eat with others.
10.“借”（3种）
borrow/borrowed 借入borrow sth. from sb.从某人那借来某物
lend/lent 借出lend sth. to sb.= lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人
keep/kept 借用keep sth. for＋时间段借用某物一段时间
How long提问
①(for)+时间段①since +时间点①since 从句How soon提问in +时间段
How far提问路程
①实际距离 e.g.500 metres
①s’ walk/ ride /drive /flight(航行) /
bus ride /car ride/ train ride
①时间段+交通方式e.g. 15 minutes by bus How often提问频率
①次数+a+时间单位 e.g. twice a week
①every+时间单位 e.g. every day
③频度副词7个：always总是、usually通常、often经常、sometimes有时、seldom很少、hardly几乎不、never从不
( )1—How far is it from your home to your school? —________.
A．On foot B．I can take a bus there C．It’s about half an hour D．About ten minutes’ walk
( )2．— How long have you had the bike? — ______ two years. A.in B.until C.since D.for ( )3．— How soon will these waste bottles be recycled?—_________. I have called the recycling company. A．For an hour B．An hour ago C．After an hour D．In an hour
( )4．—_________ do you go to the concert? — Always, because I’m interested in it.
A.How long
B. How soon
C. How often
D. How far
( )5. —________ is it from here to your home town? — Well, it takes over three hours to get there by coach. A. How soon B. How much C. How long D. How far
( )6．—________do you have after-school activities? —Twice a week．
A．How long B．How far C．How often D．How soon
( )7. [易错题]—________ do you hear from your parents a week? —At least twice a week.
A. How many times
B. How soon
C. How often
D. How long
12.一篇由一个美国男孩写的文章an article (written) by a boy from the USA
13.the number of…“…的数量”作主语，谓V.用单数；a number of…“许多”作主语，谓V.用复数( ). —A number of volunteers ________ willing to teach in China’s rural areas(农村地区).
—Yes, the number of them _______ getting ________.
A. is; are; more and more
B. are; is; larger and larger
C. is; is; bigger and bigger
D. is; are; more and more
14.提问数量的句型（2种）
What’s the number of the students in your class？=How many students are there in your class？
15.seem“似乎”用法（3种）
①seem (to be)＋adj. ②seem to do sth. ③It seems that＋从句
16.[难点]need作动词的2种用法
若need是情态动词，need do sth. ; 若need是实义动词，need to do sth.
解题关键：如何判断need是情态动词还是实义动词？
法一：看三单__________________ 法二：看否定__________________ 法三：看提问__________________ ( )1. Millie ______ her homework at the moment.
A. needs not finish
B. doesn’t need finish
C. need not to finish
D. doesn’t need to finish
( )2. You needn’t ______ those things if you ______ them.
A.buy; needn’t
B.to buy; don’t need
C.buy; don’t need
D.to buy; needn’t
( )3. —Does he need ______ there at once ? —No, he ______ leave so hurriedly because he has enough time.
A. to go; need
B. go; needn’t
C. to go; needn’t
D.go; doesn’t need
17.代词it/one(s)的区分：it同类且同物、one(s)同类不同物
( ). —The black dress doesn’t look nice on me. I don’t like _____ at all. —How about the blue _____?
A．one; one B．it; one C．it; it D．one; it
18.Each of（√）；every of（×）
19.Each of us ________(have) a book. We each ________(have) a book.
20.有一个星期的假期have a week off
21.★对每科进行一次月考have a monthly test on each subject
22.我的日常生活my daily life
23.有很多时间参加课外活动have lots of time for after-school activities
24.★有一小时的家庭作业have an hour of homework
25.★进行一次学校旅行（2种）go on/for a school trip
26.★停止做某事（同一件事）stop doing sth. 停下来去做某事（另一件事）stop to do sth. ( )1. We have worked so long. Let’s stop ______ a rest.
A．have B．to having C．having D．to have
( )2.My father told me a funny joke and I can’t stop ________ every time I think of it.
A.to laugh B．laughing C．from laughing D．Laugh
more＋可n.复/不可n.＋than 比…多less＋不可n.＋than 比…少fewer＋可n.复＋than 比…少the most＋可n.复/不可n.最多the least＋不可n.最少the fewest＋可n.复最少。