初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案

?被动语态
一、语态概述
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.谓语：speak 的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了。

”，再如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

判断：看下面的两个例句，你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？Heopenedthedoor.他开了门。

（____________）
Thedoorwasopened.门被开了。

（____________）
二、被动语态的构成:be动词+Vp.p
被动特点强调宾，用be加上过去分。

行为对象作主语，逻辑主语by来引。

1.Englishis___________（speak）inCanada.
2.Theblouseis___________（make）ofsilk.
3.Englishis___________（speak）bymanypeople.
谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。

动作承受者需强调，用被动语态莫忘了。

1.Somestampswere___________（steal）lastweek.
2.ThePRCwas___________（found）onOctober1,1949.
3.Footballis___________（play）inmostmiddleschools.
被动语态须留意，P.P前面助动be.be+P.P
am（is,are）现在时，am（is,are）+P.P
was和were表过去。

was（were）+P.P
完成have（has）been。

have（has）been+P.P
将来，情态，be原形。

will（can,may,must）be+P.P
进行时态两个be，前表时态后加ing。

am（is,are）+being+P.P
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

凡是汉语中带“被”的句子，都能转换成英语的被动语态。

三．几种常用时态的被动语态——
1.一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词
肯定句：Bikesare___________（sell）inthatshop.
否定句：Bikesarenotsoldinthatshop.
疑问句：ArebikessoldinthatshopYes,theyare./No,theyaren't.
2.一般过去时：was/were+过去分词
肯定句：Hewas___________（save）in1999.
否定句：Hewasnotsavedin1999.
疑问句：Washesavedin1999Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't.
3.一般将来时：shall/will/begoingto+be+过去分词
肯定句：AnEnglishclasswillbe___________（give）byJacktomorrow.
否定句：AnEnglishclasswillnotbegivenbyJacktomorrow.
疑问句：WillanEnglishclassbegivenbyJacktomorrow
4.现在进行时：am/is/are+being+过去分词
肯定句：Acarisbeing___________（drive）now.
否定句：Acarisnotbeingdrivennow.
疑问句：IsacarbeingdrivennowYes,itis./No,itisn't.
5.现在完成时：have/has+been+过去分词
肯定句：Aroadhasbeen___________（build）bythegovernment.
否定句：Aroadhasn'tbeenbuiltbythegovernment.
疑问句：HasaroadbeenbuiltbythegovernmentYes,ithas./No,ithasn't.
6.情态动词：情态动词+be+P.P
1）Thisclockcanbe___________（repair）here.
2）Thetreesmaybe___________（plant）atothertimesoftheyear.
3）Thecompositionmustbe___________（hand）inafterclass.
4）Theyoungtreesshouldbe___________（plant）inspring.
四、被动语态的用法
（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如：Somenewcomputerswere___________（steal）lastnight.
一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

（不知道电脑是谁偷的）
Thisbookwas___________（publish）in1981.这本书出版于1981年。

（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如：
Thewindowwas___________（break）byMike.窗户是迈克打破的。

Thisbookwas___________（write）byhim.这本书是他写的。

Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。

五、主动语态变被动语态的方法
（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）
（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。

（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。

例如：1.Allthepeople___________（laugh）athim.
→Hewas___________（laugh）atbyallpeople.
2.They___________（make）thebikesinthefactory.
→Thebikesare___________（make）bytheminthefactory.
六、补充
一些宾补动词如make,see,hear等在主动语态中可以接动词原形（实为省略to的动词不定式）作为宾语补足语的动词在变被动语态是一定要注意恢复to。

如：
Hemademestandoutside.→Iwasmadetostandoutside（byhim）.
Isawhimplayfootball.→Hewasseentoplayfootball（byhim）.
专项练习
一、选择题
(??)1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear
A.Is;built?????????
B.Was;built????
C.Does;build???
D.Did;build
(??)2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.
A.hasbeenhappened?
B.washappened?
C.ishappened???
D.happened (??)3.Cotton（棉花）____inthesoutheastofChina.
A.isgrown?????????
B.aregrown?????
C.grows????????
D.grow
(??)4.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.
???A.isgiven??????????B.hasbeengiven??C.willbegiven??D.gives (??)5.Howmanytrees____thisyear
???A.areplanted???????B.willplant???????C.havebeenplanted?D.planted (??)6.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.
???A.aredoing?????????B.arebeingdone??C.hasbeendone?D.willbedone (??)7.TheGreatWall____allovertheworld.
???A.knows???????????B.knew??????????C.isknown??????D.wasknown
()8.Thechildren____bythenurse.
A.werelooked??????
B.lookedafter
C.werelookedafter
D.looked
()9.He___somepiecesofadvice,buthe____tothem.
A.gave,didn'tlisten??
B.wasgiven,wasn'tlistened
C.give,wasn'tlistened
D.wasgiven,didn'tlisten
()10.Thequestion____byussoon.
A.isgoingtodiscuss?????
B.willdiscuss
C.isgoingtobediscussed
D.hasbeendiscussed
()11.Thelab____aboutfiveyearsago.
A.wasbuilt
B.wasbuilt
C.builds
D.hasbeenbuilt
()12.Alotoftallbuildings_____inhishometowninthelastthreeyears.
A.havesetup
B.havebeensetup
C.weresetup
D.setup
()13.They____printing500copiesbytheendoflastmonth.
A.hadfinished
B.havefinished
C.hadbeenfinished
D.havebeenfinished
()14.Rice___also_____intheirhometown.
A.is…grown
B.is…grew
C.was…grew
D.was…grown
()15.He____bytheteachers.
A.isalwayspraised
B.praises
C.havebeenpraised
D.alwaysispraised
()16.Thepicture______?inOctober,1996.
A.wastaking
B.hadbeentaken
C.wastaken
D.hadtaken
()17.Wecan'tusethebridgenow,becauseit______.
A.hasbeenrepaired
B.isrepairing
C.isrepaired
D.isbeingrepaired ()18.I______thewaytotherailwaystationbyapoliceman.
A.wasshown
B.showed
C.haveshown
D.wasshowing
()19.Thewar______in1941.
A.brokeout?????
B.hadbeenbrokenout
C.wasbrokenout
D.hadbrokenout
()20.Whenwater______,itwillbechangedintovapour.
A.isheated
B.heating
C.hasheated
D.heats
()21.Wecan'tentertheroombecauseitsdoor______.
A.locked
B.locks
C.islocked
D.islocking
()22.They______dayandnight.
A.aremadework????
B.aremadetowork
C.madetobeworked
D.aremakingtowork
()23.Man-madesatellites______intospacebymanycountries.
A.wassentup??????
B.issentup
C.havebeensentup
D.hasbeensentup
()24.ThisEnglishsong_____often_____bythechildren.
A.is,singing
B.is,sung
C.will,sing
D.was,sung
()25.Thewindowsofourhouse_____onceaweek.
A.mustclean
B.havecleaned
C.iscleaned
D.arecleaned
()26.When______thePeople'sRepublicofChina_____
A.was,found
B.was,founded
C.did,found
D.does,found
()27.Mary'sradio______bymybrotherjustnow.
A.willbemended
B.hasmended
C.wasmended
D.mended
()28.Sometreesmay______atothertimesoftheyear.
A.beplanted
B.plant
C.areplanted
D.willbeplanted
()29.AnewEnglishplay_____therenextweek.
A.willputon
B.willbeputon
C.isgoingtoputon
D.willbeputtedon
()30.Astrangething_____inourschoolyesterday.
A.washappened
B.hasbeenhappened
C.happened
D.wasgoingtohappen
()31.Theglass______.It_____bylittleTomthismorning.
A.broke,isbroken?
B.isbroken,wasbroken
C.wasbroken,broke
D.hasbeenbroken,broken
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。

(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)
1.It'ssaid(据说)thatthelongbridge______________（build）intwomonths．
2.Wheretohavethemeeting______________（discuss）now．
3.Whichlanguage_______themostwidely_______（speak）intheworld？
4.Thelostboy_____________（notfind）sofar．
styearalargenumberoftrees______________（cut）down．
6.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_________(sell)inthisshop.
7What_______knives?______(make)of
8.They_______________(make)ofmetal(金属)andwood.
9.Canthemagazine________(take)outofthelibrary
10.Theroom_____________(clean)bymeeveryday.
11.Thestarscan’t_____________(see)inthedaytime.
12.Howlong_____youruncle______(be)inthecity
13.Thefood_____________(smell)delicious.
14.Look!Someone__________(dance).
三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。

1.TeagrowsinSouthChina.（改为被动语态）
___________________________________________.
2.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改为被动语态)
3.?AnEnglishsong______?______?_______bythechildren.
4.3.Youneedn'tdoitnow.(改为被动语态)
5.?It______?________?________byyounow.
6.4.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.(改为被动语态)
7.?Metal________?_________?_______makingmachines.
8.5.Hemademedothatforhim.(改为被动语态)
9.?I______?________?________?______thatforhim.
10.6.Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.(改为被动语态)
11.?Thelightgreendresses________?_________?___________out.
12.7.Wecallthegame“Lianliankan”.(改为被动语态)
Thegame_______?________“Lianliankan”byus.
四．把下列句子改为被动语态
1.Parentstakecareoftheirkids.
_____________________________________________________________________ 2.Peopleplanttreeseveryday.
_____________________________________________________________________ 3.Heatebreadyesterday.
_____________________________________________________________________ 4.Chinamakesmanywatches.
_____________________________________________________________________ 5.Thewindblewdownthebigtreelastnight.
_____________________________________________________________________ 6.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.
_____________________________________________________________________ 6.Hedoesn’tthrowthebadfood.
_____________________________________________________________________ 8.Motherwasnotmendingthetrousers.
_____________________________________________________________________ 9.TheywillnottakehimtoBeijing.
_____________________________________________________________________ 10.Nobodyknewmeinthistownatthattime.
_____________________________________________________________________。