2019版高考(人教)英语一轮基础达标练：选修6U1含答案.docx

2019版高考（人教）英语一轮基础达标练：选修6U1含答案
**阅读理解。

Career criminals begin their antisocial behavior during their toddler （学步的儿童）years and may go on with a life of crime if their behavior isn't challenged, scientists have discovered. While most children grow out of their bad behavior by adulthood, a study found those who had "callous unemotional （冷漠无彳青白勺）characteristics^ could grow up to have problems with the law later in life. Behavior characteristics such as a lack of sympathy and lying in childhood could have an impact years on.
Luke Hyde, assistant professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, said, "These are signs for parents and doctors to watch out for, as they may signal more than just the terrible twos； He said, "Parents both take care of their child and provide their child's genes so it's been difficult to know if we9re seeing that parenting causes callous unemotional behaviors, or if it is just a sign of the genes being passed to the child."
The research also discovered that strict parenting is linked to the development of antisocial behavio匚Scientists looked at 561 families in an adoption study that examined biological mothers antisocial behavior. The scientists found children of antisocial mothers were also more likely to exhibit the same behavior characteristics, despite having limited or no touch with them as they were adopted as babies・
“The really exciting t ake-home message from this study is that small, day-to-day positive interactions （互动）that parents have with their young children can make a huge difference in children's development/^ said Leslie Lcvc, a professor at the University of Oregon who co-lcd the data collection.
"Even when children have inherited （遗传）a very challenging set of behaviors, hearing 'good job" or receiving encouragement can help protect them from developing serious problems coming from their inherited difficulties," he added・ The study, worked on by scientists from the University of Michigan, Penn State University and the University of Oregon has been published in the American Journal of Psychiatry・ Researchers will follow the group of children through early adolescence to determine if these behaviors still continue to exist from the toddler years.
1 .What's the main idea of the passage?
A.Kids' social behaviors are related to crime.
B.Criminals begin their crimes during adolescence・
C.Antisocial behaviors of kids could be on their way to a life of crime.
D.Warmhearted kids are more likely to be criminals in the future.
2.What conclusion might the scientists draw from the study?
A.Antisocial behaviors might be inherited・
B.The genes decide kids， antisocial behaviors・
C.Antisocial behaviors have nothing to do with crimes.
D.Adopted babies surely have antisocial behaviors when they grow up.
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
A.Parenting is the main reason that causes kids，antisocial behaviors・
B.What causes career criminals to begin their crimes is their parentscharacteristics.
C.Leslie Leve has a doubtful attitude to adoptive mothersactive interactions with kids.
D.Inherited antisocial behaviors of kids can be lightened by positive parenting・
4.Why will researchers track kids' process of growing?
A.To make sure if kids, behaviors will last.
B.To make sure if praise will change kids.
C.To determine if kids' behaviors will be inherited.
D.To determine if parents comfort will protect kids,
【文章大意】研究人员发现孩子的反社会行为有可能使他们走向犯罪的道路，积极的育儿方式可以减轻孩子的反社会行为。

I.C【解析】主旨大意题。

根据文章内容,特别是第一段中的"Career criminals begin their
antisocial behavior during their toddler years and may go on with a life of crime if their behavior isn't challenged, scientists have discovered/^可知，本文主要介绍了孩子们的反社会行为有可能使他们走向犯罪的道路，故C项正确。

2.A【解析】推理判断题° 根擔第五段中的"Eyen when children have inherited 備传）a very challenging set of
behaviors, hearing ^good job' or receiviDg ericouragenieiit can help protect them from developing serious
probl-
$ coming from theif inherited difficulties词知〉儿童的反社会行为可能是遗传的〉故A项正确。

3.D【解析】推理判断题。

根据第五段中的"Even when children have inherited （遗传）a very
challenging set of behaviors, hearing 'good job" or receiving encouragement can help protect them from developing
serious problems coming from their inherited difficulties"可知，积极的
育儿教育可以减轻孩子遗传的反社会行为，故D项正确。

4.A【解析】细节理解题。

根据最后一段中的^Researchers will follow the group of children through early
adolescence to determine if these behaviors still continue to exist from the toddler years. M 可知，研究人员追踪孩子的成长过程是为了弄清楚孩子的反社会行为是否会持续下去，故A项正确。

和单句语法填空
1.It is time that we ________ (adopt) different ways to solve the social problem.
答案：adopted/should adopt It is time that sb. did/should do sth."到某人该做某事的时候了”。

2.In the past 5 years a great deal of money _________ (spend) improving the environment of
the school.
答案：has been spent a great deal of修饰不对数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，由时间状语"in the past 5 years”可知应用现在完成时，且spend和money存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，故填has been spent o
3 ・ Many people lost their homes and all their _________ (possess) during the wa匚
答案：possessions possession 有物；财产'，常用复数形式。

4.We aim ________ finish the task by Friday.
答案：to aim to do sth.为固定短语，意为“力求做某事覽
5.You'd better take account of your ability before __________ (attempt) to do such a business.
答案：attempting该句41 before为介词，故应填attempt的动名词形式作宾语。

6.Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring _________ (figure) in the world.
答案：figures “one of+名词复数形式"表示“ ..... 其中之一”。

7.They appealed ________ the graduates in the whole department to go to work in the places
where conditions arc hardest.
答案：to appeal to sb. to do sth. “呼吁某人做某事"。

8.My job was to take care of these children until they could ____________ (adopt) into a good
home.
答案：be adopted在本句中，adopt意为"收养”，j=L和they存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。

9.The thief tried to break away _________ t he policeman, but he failed.
答案：from break away from “脱离；摆脱；挣脱
10. ________ your ticket, I wouldn't be able to go to the concert tomorrow.
答案：Without设空处所在句为without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句。

和完形填空。

（2018-陕西西北六校二模）
For me, two of the loveliest words in English are "Life persists".
I _1_ them years ago as a college student, sitting in the library, 2 , working on a
paper.Out of nowhere, those words came 3一off the page in a quote（引语）：Tn the midst of
death life persists, in the midst of _4_ truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists】
Suddenly I wasn't unhappy and impatient any more.Then I 5 my granddad.I loved to talk with him.And I was _6_ to hear what he'd think of it.He had poor hearing, so I had to 7 ” a
few times, but once he _8_ it, he laughed/'All I can say to that is totally _9_he said on the phone.I told him how glad I was, after a long winter, to finally see spring and to find that
quote.u Why is that? he asked.u Well, spring is a sure that life persists.And it just makes
me 12
He laughed again, and then 」3_ his lovely voice, he recited for me his 」4_ "spring time" words：“The desert shall rejoice（高兴），and 」5 as the rose does...even with joy and singing/*
Many years later, my husband and I drove across a desert with many wildflowers and
blooming（盛开的）cactuses, I could ]7_ hear my granddad laughing： "The desert shall rejoice.^ Life persists, and so do vve, in the silence of_ and the blooming of cactuses； and in the dead of and the green of spring.Spring 2Q_ us that we're alive forever.
1. A.looked for B • happened on
C. picked out
D. made up
2. A.bored B. concentrated
C. tired
D. confused
3. A.nmning B • dancing
C. mshing
D. moving
4. A.fear B. accusation
C. suspicion D • untruth
5. A.called B. visited
C. consulted
D. informed
6・ A.patient B. confident
C • upset D・ desperate
7. A.copy B. print
C • repeat D. recite
8. A.got B • made
C • undertook D. managed
9・ A.puzzlement B. scepticism
C • agreement D. disapproval
10. A.practically B. especially
C. obviously
D. naturally
11 • A.way B. inspiration
C. remark
D. sign
12. A.astonished B • energetic
C • merry D. alive
13 ・ A.in B. with
C・of D. beyond
14. A.impressive B• superb
C. classical
D. favorite
15. A.exist B・ flower
C • survive D. sow
16. A.after B • when
C. until
D. although
17. A.hardly B. always
C. almost
D. mostly
18. A .journeys B. words
C. world D • desert
19. A.winter B • spring
C. summer
D. autumn
20. A.convinces B • assures
C. reminds De strikes
【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，讲述的是作者有感于春天的活力，从偶然读到的一段话联想到生命的意义与坚持。

生命长存于漫漫沙漠的植物中，长存于冬去春来的绿意中。

冬去春来，生命依然长存，而我们也要继续前行。

1.B根据语境可知，几年前坐在大学的图书馆里作者偶然遇到这两个单词“Life
persists”。

happen on“偶然遇到或发现”，符合语境。

pick out"挑选，辨别出”；make up4编造”。

2.A 根据下文中的"Suddenly I wasn't unhappy and impatient any more"可知，作者当时在图书馆里的心情是很烦闷的。

故选bored"厌倦的，烦闷的二
3.B这两个词突然从书页上的引语中跃入作者的眼帘。

dancing在此形象生动地描述了这两个词所富含
的美好活力以及作者遇到它们的偶然性。

4.D在死亡中，生命依然坚持；在谎言中，真理依然长存；在黑暗中，光明依然永驻。

根据句中的death与life, darkness与light的对应关系可知，此处应填truth的反义词。

untruth44虚假，不真实"，符合语境。

accusation44控告"；suspicion44怀疑”。

5. A 根据下文中的＜4on the phone,＞可知，作者给爷爷打电话。

call"（给.... ）打电话”,
符合语境。

visit“看望,拜访”;consult44咨询inform“告知二
6. D 根据语境及上文中的4t I loves to talk with him^^可知，作者很想听到爷爷（对这句话）是怎么看的。

desperate44极想，渴望"。

patient"耐心的"；upset"不安的”。

7. C 根据上文中的t4He had poor hearing, so I had to"和下文中的“a few times"可知，爷爷的听觉不灵，所以作者不得不多次重复（repeat）这句话。

copy“抄写”；print“打印”；recite“背诵”。

8.A但是一旦作者的爷爷明白（got it）T ,他就笑了起来。

make it“获得成功，准时到达”。

9.C根据上文中的laughed-和下文中作者的爷爷所背诵的语句与该句话的主题的一致性可知，作者的爷爷对这句话所表达的主题是完全同意的。

puzzlement"疑惑”；scepticism “怀疑”；agreement'4赞同，同
意”;disapproval'4反对,不赞成"。

10.B作者告诉爷爷她在漫长的冬天过后，最终看到春天，特别是偶然发现这句引语, 自己是有多高
兴.especially"特别，尤其"，符合语境0practically44实际地，差不多”;obviously"明显地”;naturally4咱然而然地”。

11.D春天就是一个可信的迹象，它表明生命是长存的。

sign“迹象，征兆”符合语境。

inspiration4'鼓舞
人心的人（或事物）"。

12.C 根据上文中的T wasn't unhappy",下文中的"rcjoicc（高兴）"“joy"及文章的主题可知，这句话使作者感到开心（merry）。

astonished“震惊的”；energetic4'精力充沛的
13.A作者的爷爷又笑了笑，然后用他那悦耳的嗓音为作者背诵了他最喜欢的语句。

in...voice是固定搭配，表示“以... 的嗓音”。

14.D 参见上题解析。

impressive"给人印象深刻的"；superb44极佳的，质量极高的''；classical"经典的"；favorite44最喜欢的"。

15.B 沙漠应该高兴，像玫瑰一样盛开。

根据空后的"as the rose does”可知，flower•"开花''符合语境。

16.B多年后，当作者和丈夫驱车穿越一个有很多野花和盛开的仙人掌的沙漠时，她几乎又听到了爷爷笑着说“沙漠应该高兴覽分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导时间状语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故选when。

17. C 参见上题解析。

almost"几乎，差不多”，符合语境。

18.D 根据空后的"the blooming of cactuses..."和上文中的"a desert with many wildflowers and blooming（盛
开的）cactuscs"及"The desert shall rejoice"可知，生命长存，同样
的，我们也要坚持。

生命长存于寂静的沙漠(desert)中和盛开的仙人掌里。

19.A in the dead of winter44在隆冬，在严冬”。

空前的dead形象地表现出了冬季万物萧条的景象，与春季的绿意及万物复苏的景象形成鲜明的对比。

20.C 春天提醒我们，我们永远充满活力。

convince“使相信"；assure44使确信''；remind“提
醒”;strike“突然想到”。

和单句改错
1.Many world-famous paintings are in possession of the wealthy old man.
答案：in 后加the in possession of 拥有/占有 ...... "；in the possession of "被..... 占有/
拥有”，一般物作主语。

2.Sport has become an important form of entertainment, appealed to both men and women.
答案：appcalcd->appcaling现在分词短语在本句中作状语。

3.He is always very rude and that is because people tend to avoid him.
答案：because—>why That is why ..."那就是....... 的原因”，此处强调结果，故用why。

4.We appreciate your apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.
答案：figure后加out figure out在本句屮意为“想出
5.Distance Icaming is being adopted as in several countries to help children in remote rural schools.
答案：去掉as adopt在本句屮意为“采纳J为及物动词，故去掉as。