中考英语_重要考点_短语_词组归纳(免费)

《中考英语重要考点，短语，词组归纳》
【一】、短语、词组归纳:
由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。

复习时应分类处理：
一、动词+介词
1．look at…看…，look like … 看上去像……，
look after …照料…
2．listen to…听……
3．welcome to…欢迎到……
4．say hello to …向……问好
5．speak to…对……说话
此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。

如：
This is my new bike. Please look it after.(×)
This is my new bike. Please look after it.(√)
二、动词+副词
“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：
A．动词（vt.）+副词
1．put on 穿上
2．take off脱下
3．write down记下
此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。

试比较：First listen to the tape, then write down the answer/write the answer down. (√)
First listen to the answer, then write down it.(×)
First listen to the answer, then write it down.(√)
B．动词（vi）+副词。

1．come on赶快
2．get up起床
3．go home回家
4．come in进来
5．sit down坐下
6．stand up起立
此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。

三、其它类动词词组
1.close the door
2.1ook the same
3.go to work/class
4.be ill
5.have a look/seat
6.have supper
7.1ook young
8.go shopping
9.watch TV/games
10. play games
【二】、介词短语聚焦
“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。

现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。

1．in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。

如：in English，in the hat
2．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。

3．in the morning/ afternoon/ evening表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。

4．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。

5．in the tree表示“在树上(非树本身所有)”；如：There are some in the tree.
on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。

如：There are many apples on the trees.
6．in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；
on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。

如：如：There’re four windows in the wall, and there is a map on the back wal l.
7．at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。

8．at + 时刻表示钟点。

如：at six, at half , past ten.
9．like this/that表示方式，意为“像……这/那样”。

10．of短语表示所属关系。

如：a picture of a classroom, a map of China.
11．behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。

如：beside/ near the door, under/ behind the tree.
12．from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从……”，后者意为“到……”。

如：from one to ten, (go) to school/ bed/ work.
另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。

如：
on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。

【三】、重点句型大回放
1．I think…意为“我认为……”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。

其否定式常用I don’t think…，如：I think he’s Mr Zhinag. (L17)I don’t think you are right.
2．give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth.意为“把……给……”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；
若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb.如：
His parents give him a nice purse./His parents give a nice purse to him. Give it to Mr Hu.(L57)
3．take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”，后常接地点，也可接人。

如：
Please take the new books to the classroom.
4．One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……；另一个是……”，必须是两者中。

如：One is red and one is grey.(L50)或One is red,, the other is grey.
5．Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式；
其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth.
另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内。

如：Let’s go for a walk./Let us try once more, plea se.
6．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”
前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换。

如：Let me help you find it.(L42)/Let me help you with it.
7．What about…？/How about…？意为“……怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。

about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。

如：What/How playing chess?
8．It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”
其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。

如：It’s time to have supper. =It’s time for supper. 9．like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”
如：Li Lei and his friends like to play in the tree house. (L 43)
前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作，试比较：
Tom likes swimming, but doesn’t like to swim this afternoon.
10．ask sb.(not) to do sth.意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式，如：Ask your friends to guess what is in it. (L44)
11．show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。

如：Show your friend your family photo.（L36）/Show your family photo to your friend.
12．introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”；
introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。

如：Introduce your family to her.
【四】、重点短语快速复习
1.kinds of 各种各样的
2. e ither…or…或者…或者…，不是…就是…
3. neither…nor…既不……也不……
4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶
5. take a seat 就坐
6. home cooking 家常做法
7. be famous for 因……而著名
8. on ones way to在……途中
9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院
10. at the end of在……的尽头，在……的末尾
11. wait for 等待
12. in time 及时
13. make one’s way to…往……（艰难地）走去
14. just then 正在那时
15. first of all 首先，第一
16. go wrong 走错路17. be/get lost 迷路
18. make a noise 吵闹，喧哗
19. get on 上车
20. get off 下车
21. stand in line 站队
22. waiting room 候诊室，候车室
23. at the h ead of……在……的前头
24. laugh at 嘲笑
25. throw about 乱丢，抛散
26. in fact 实际上
27. at midnight 在半夜
28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快
29. quarrel with sb. 和…吵架
【五】、（按字母序）短语总复习
A
ask sb about doing sth
ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
agree to do sth 同意做某事
allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事
(sb.)be allowed to do sth (某人)被允许做某事
B
be interested in doing sth 乐忠于做某事
be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
be afraid of doing sth. = be afraid to do sth
by doing sth 通过做某事的方法/依据此事做某事be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
C
consider doing sth 考虑做某事
can't stand doing sth 不能忍受做某事.
D
do one's best to do sth 尽某人最大努力去做某事drop doing sth
do well in doing sth 在某方面做的好
decide to do sth 决定做某事
E
end up doing sth
enjoy doing sth 对某事感到兴趣
F
forget to do sth忘记去做某事
forget doing sth忘记已做过的事
find sb doing sth发现某人在做某事
finish doing sth 完成某事
G
get to do sth
give up doing sth 放弃做某事
go on doing sth继续做同一件事
go on to do sth.继续做不同的事
H
have trouble doing sth 焦虑于做某事
how to do sth 怎么去做某事
had better do sth 最好做某事
hope to do sth 希望做某事
hear sb to do sth 听到某人去做某事
help sb to do sth.=help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事I
it is time to do sth 是该时间做某事
invite sb to do sth 邀请某人去做某事
love to do sth 暂时性地喜欢去做某事同like用法love doing sth 指一直都很喜欢做某事同like用法invite sb to do sth
J
K
keep sb./ sth. out (of sth.) 不让……入内
keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事
keep sb doing 让某人一直做某事
keep sb from doing 不让某人做某事
L
let sb do sth
like to do sth 暂时性地喜欢去做某事同love用法like doing sth 指一直都很喜欢做某事同love用法listen to sth
lend sb to do sth 送某人去做什么
M
mind one's doing sth
make sb. do sth 使某人做某事
mind doing sth
N
(sb.)need to do sth (某人)需要去做某事
O
八. 国家---国家的(人)
1. China—Chinese
2. Japan—Japanese
3. Germany--German
4. Canada—Canadian
5. Sweden—Swedish
6. Australia--stralian
7. Italy—Italian
8. India—Indian
9. France—French-renchman
10. America—American
九. 一些特殊的名词复数及短语
1. leaf___________
2. life___________
3. thief___________
4. knife___________
5. shelf__________
6. half___________
7. roof___________8. German___________
9. sheep_________10. deer___________
11. child_________12. woman teacher________ 13. tooth___________14. foot___________ 15. people__________16. postman___________ 19. boy___________20. key___________
21. story___________22. family___________ 23. century___________24. baby___________ 26. tomato___________27. potato___________ 28. radio___________29. zoo___________
30. kilo___________31. photov ___________ 32. businessman___________33.
woman___________
34. man___________35. difficulty___________ 36. monkey___________37. mouse___________ 十一. 不规则形容词和副词的比较级及最高级:
1. good—better—best
2. well—better—best
3. much—more—most
4. many—more—most
5. bad—worse—worst
6. badly—worse—worst
7. ill—worse—worst
8. far—farther—farthest
9. old—older—oldest
10. old—elder—eldest
11. little—less—least
最后,请记住:
It's not the end of the world, try to look on the bright side of
thing, I'm sure it will be all right.
这不是世界末日,试着往事情好的方面看,我确认一切都会好起来.。