牛津8B英文教案全套教案

Unit 1 Past and present
Period 1 Comic strips & welcome to the unit
Teaching goals
●To introduce the concept of situations that started in the past and are
continuing at present
●To introduce the grammatical concept of the present perfect tense by
focusing on a timeline.
Teaching procedures
Step 1 Having a brainstorming
—How do you come to school every day
—I come by bike. /by bus /by car.
—How does your father go to work
—He goes to work by car. /He takes a car to work.
Step 2 Presenting forms of transport
There’s too much traffic in Nanjing. But people began to take the underground in 2005. The underground has been in use since 2005. It’s fast and convenient. Now, let’s learn something about transport at different times. (Show the pictures) What are their names (light rail, double-decker)
I want to draw a timeline for the different forms of transport in Beijing. Use the information from Part A to complete the timeline.
light rail taxi bus coach/plane underground double-decker train
Step 3 Having a discussion
Discuss the transport at different times.
The bus has been in use since 1958. People have taken the bus since 1958.
…
Step 4 Listening to and reading a dialogue
In the past, people took the bus to work. But at present, more and more people can take the taxi /underground/double-decker car/ to work. The transport has changed a lot. What about our old friends Eddie and Hobo Have they changed a lot
Let’s go on to listen to and read the dialogue on page 6 between Eddie and Hobo. Then answer the following questions:
1. Where’s Hobo’s food Is it in the bowl now Why not (Because Eddie has eaten it.)
2. Why has Eddie eaten his food (Because Eddie was hungry.)
3. What did Hobo think of Eddie in the past (Hobo thought Eddie was kind in the past.)
4. What does he think of Eddie now (Hobo thinks Eddie is bad now. So he doesn’t want to play with him any more.)
5. Why does Eddie say that Hobo has changed a lot, too (Because Hobo wanted to play with him in the past, but now he doesn’t.)
Step 5 Listening and reading aloud
Listen to the tape, and try to read aloud the dialogue on page 6 to the tape. Step 6 Finding and writing expressions
You are to go over page 6 and 7 again to find out and write down all the useful expressions. Make sentences of your own with them after class.
Step 7 Acting out the dialogue
In pairs act out the dialogue.
Step 8 Doing homework
a. Read the comic strips and try to recite it.
b. Try to revise the phrase and sentences in this period.
c. Do translation:
1. 我的玩具飞机在哪儿
2. 你的妈妈怎样去上班乘坐地铁。

3. 我再也不想跟你玩了。

4. 自从１９０９年人们就可以乘坐轻轨了。

5. 我们应该对父母要友善。

第一课件网
Period 2 Reading I
(Times have changed)
Teaching goals
●To recognize types of questions used in interview
●To recognize extended answers to raise questions
●To infer general meaning from the title and the context
●To guess meanings of specific words from the context
●To identify true or false statements based on the reading passage Teaching procedures
Step 1 Having a revision
Talk about the transport at different times.
Step 2 Talking about pictures
(Show two pictures to the students.)
Picture 1: A small town with some restaurants, shops, a small post office and an old cinema. Near the river, there was a steel plant.
Talk about the picture, and teach the new words: restaurant, cinema, steel plant. What do you think of the steel plant
The factory often threw away useless things into the river in the past. (The factory used to dump the waste into the river.) The waste made the river dirty. (The waste polluted the river.) The government got to know the danger and it took action to
get rid of the pollution to protect the river. (The government realized it was a serious problem and took action to reduce the pollution.)
It has changed a lot. What has it turned into
Picture 2: A town with a large shopping mall, a theater and a central park. What do you think of the central park
It’s nice to have a large area without building. (It’s nice to have open space.) People can meet in the park to play cards and play the Chinese chess. But people have to move out. So it’s hard for them to meet friends. Maybe they will sometimes feel a little unhappy because of that. (They will feel a bit lonely from time to time.)
Step 3 Reading to find out the new words
There are some new words in the dialogue on page 8. But don’t be worried about their meaning. Just read the dialogue for the first time to find out and circle all the words you don’t know.
Now guess the meaning of the words from the context.
Now go to page 10 to finish Part B in pairs.
Read the passage again, and then tell if the sentences in Part C on page 10 are true or false.
Step 4 Finding and writing expressions
Go over page 8 and 9 again to find out and write down all the useful expressions. Make sentences of your own with them after class.
Step 5 Listening and reading
Listen to the tape and read aloud the dialogue to the tape, and then try to help Millie complete sentences in Part D on page 11.
(Keys: 1. moved 2. see 3. lonely 4. cards 5. chess 6. park 7. open 8. gardens) Step 6 Filling and retelling
Go to page 8 to read the dialogue, finding out the changes to Sunshine Town and filling
in the table below.
Step 7 Consolidation
快速阅读课文，然后根据短文的内容，选择正确的答案。

1. Mr Chen _____ the place called Sunshine Town ________.
A. knows, very well
B. knows, a little
C. doesn’t know, very well
D. doesn’t
know, at all
2. Mr Chen first lived near Sunshine River in the north of the town with ________ .
A. his wife
B. his children
C. his cousins
D. his parents
3. Now, there’s a large shopping mall and a theatre in the town, and the town center
has turned into a ________.
A. cinema
B. central park
C. market stall
D. a post office
4. It’s pleasant to meet friends in the new park to ________.
A. play cards and Chinese chess
B. walk the dog
C. talk with each other
D. play
games
5. Near Sunshine River, there once was a steel plant. ________ got to know pollution
was a very serious problem.
A. The factory
B. The people
C. The government
D. Mr Chen
Period 3 Reading II
(Times have changed)
Teaching goals
●To figure out the structure of each passage
●To understand and use the expressions in the text
●To practice the main language points of the context
●To retell the passage in their own words, following the structure of the
passages
Teaching procedures
Step 1 Reading the passages aloud
To begin with, turn to page 8 and read the passage aloud again to the tape. Step 2 Having a revision
1. What was the Sunshine Town like in the past
In the past, 30,000 people l________ in the town. They h________ some small restaurants, shops and markets stalls. There once was a steel p________ near Sunshine River. The poison k________ fish and plants and p________ the river. The p________ was a very serious problem.
2. What about the Sunshine Town now
Now, there is a large shopping mall and a theatre in the town and the town has t________ into a park. People often m________ their friends there. And the government took action to r________ the pollution, and the river is b________ clean again.
3. What about Mr. Chen’s life now
It’s better in some w________. It’s nice to have o________ space and pretty gardens. However, many of his old friends have m________ to other areas. He f________ a bit lonel y from time to time. But it’s great that sometimes they come b________ to see him.
Step 3 Explaining the language points
1. In fact, I was born here/ and have lived here/ since then.
2. We lived together/ till 1965/ when I got married.
3. Has Sunshine town changed/ a lot
4. The factory used to dump its waste/ into the river.
5. The government took action/ to reduce the pollution.
6. I feel a bit lonely/ from time to time.
Step 4 Doing practices
First fill in the blanks on page 11 in Part C. Then make a similar dialogue in pairs. Step 5 Finishing the exercises
Get the students to finish the following exercises without looking at the book to check if they have grasp the language points or remember the sentences.
1. 我和我的父母一直住在一起直到1965年我结婚为止。

2. 阳光城镇改变了许多吗
3. 镇中心已经变成了一个中心花园。

4. 阳光河旁边曾经有过一个钢厂。

5. 工厂过去常常把废弃物倒进河里。

6. 政府意识到废物中的毒物污染了河流，采取措施减轻污染。

Step 6 Finding and writing expressions
Go over page 10 and 11 again to find out and write down all the useful expressions. Make sentences of your own with them after class.
Step 7 Reading aloud
Read aloud the passage again together, trying to learn the passage better.
Step 8 Doing homework
a. Learn the reading passage by heart.
b. Tell your parents or your friends about changes to Sunshine Town.
Period 4 Vocabulary
Teaching goals
●To develop an understanding of the opposites.
●To use appropriate adjectives to express positive and negative meanings. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Having a brainstorming
Say the first sentence; one of the students says the second sentence as soon as possible.
My ruler isn’t long. →It’s _____. (short)
My bag is heavy. →It’s not _____. (light)
I’m happy today. →I’m _____today. (sad/unhappy)
The train travels fast. →The bike goes _____. (slow)
This solution is correct. →This solution is _____. (incorrect/ wrong)
Step 2 Having a revision
Ask the students to make sentences with the opposites. Then write them on the blackboard. Ask the students to read them aloud.
Step 3 Presenting
Complete the sentences with proper words.
1. 商店有两件毛衣，红的便宜，蓝的贵。

There are two sweaters in the shop. The red one is _____, and the blue one is _____.
2. Jim是阳光中学的学生。

他认为语文简单，英语难。

Jim is the student in the Sunshine School. He thinks Chinese is _____, English is _____.
3. 过多的甜食对人们的身体不健康，我们应该多吃健康的食品。

Too much sweet food is _____ for people, we should eat more _____food.
4. 城里的孩子很幸运。

在贫困地区的一些孩子很不幸，他们没钱上学。

The children in the cities are _____. Some children in the poor areas are _____ because they don’t have money to go to school.
5. 乘火车旅行很愉悦，乘坐长途汽车很不开心。

It’s _____ to travel by train. It’s _____ to travel by coach.
Step 4 Practicing
Millie wrote about the interview on the computer, but Andy changed the file and made nine mistakes when Millie was not around. Please read Millie’s profile and underlin e the wrong words.
(Show the students the passage on page 12)
Step 5 Playing a game
Opposite Snap
Prepare eight sets of cards. Divide the class into eight groups. Give each group a set of cards. Each set consists of 10 pairs of opposites. Ask students to shuffle the cards and redistribute them evenly.
In each group, students take turns to read out one of their cards. If a student has the card with the opposite meaning, he/ she says “Snap!”, taking both cards and placing them face up on the table. If the student who reads out the word has the opposite card in his/her hand, he/ she says the words aloud and places both cards face up on the table and the next student reads out a word.
At the end of the game, when all the cards are on the table, the student in each group with the most sets wins.
Step 6 Doing homework
a. Read and learn these words and sentences by heart:
write an article on… for…, have an interview with…, live here for a short time, ask…about…, look unhealthy, be lonely from time to time, miss one’s friends, feel happy about…, enjoy the changes, tell sb. one’s future plan, move next to…
b. Translation
1. 对老年人大叫是不礼貌的。

2. 在两小时内完成这项工作是不可能的。

3. 那两个双胞胎看起来一样，但他们穿着不同的毛衣。

4. 学生们都不喜欢他，因为他很不诚实。

5. 今天外面是冷还是热
Period 5 Grammar I
Teaching goals
●To learn the spelling of the past participles of verbs
●To recognize contexts for the use of the present perfect tense
●To use the present perfect tense to talk about events that starts in the
past and are connected to the present
●To understand adverbs of time and use them with the present perfect tense Teaching procedures
Step 1 Learning about the present perfect tense
Here is a brief review of the form and function of the present perfect tense. The present perfect is used when the time period has not finished:
I have seen three movies this week.
(This week has not finished yet.)
The present perfect is often used when the time is not mentioned:
Gerry has failed his exam again.
The present perfect is often used when the time is recent:
Ikuko has just arrived in Victoria.
The present perfect is often used with for and since.
Greg has lived here for 20 years.
Greg has lived here since 1978.
The present perfect is formed like this: have plus past participle
Step 2 Having a revision
What did you do last night
What did your mother do two weeks ago
What did you father do last year
Work in pairs to talk about the thing they did in the past.
Step 3 Doing practice
past present
We use the simple past tense to talk about what happened at a definite time in the past.
Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born.
Eddie has lives with Millie for four years.
We use the present perfect tense to talk about things that started in the past and are continued to the present.
We have known that Hobo was very angry, because Eddie has eaten his food. (Eddie ate the food in the past and now Hobo does not have anything to eat. )
We also use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the past and have connection with the present.
Step 4 Drawing a conclusion
We make positive statements and negative statements using the present perfect tense like this:
have /has (+not) + Past participle
We usually use these forms when we speak: hasn’t = has not, haven’t = have not Look up the past participles in the dictionary if necessary. There is also a table of irregular verbs on page 112.
We ask and answer questions using the present perfect tense like this.
Have I /you/we/they arrived Yes, I/you/we/they have. No, I/you/we/they haven’t/have not.
Has he/she/it arrived Yes, he/she/it has. No, he/she/it hasn’t/has not.
Step 5 Doing practice
Mr Wu asks the students to complete the sentences using the present perfect tense. Completer the sentences in Part A1 on page 14.
Millie and Sandy are talking about an exhibition of the history of Beijing. Complete the conversation in Part A2 on page 15.
Step 6 Presenting
We can use some typical time expressions with the present perfect tense.
Show the table on page 16 to the students.
Explain the use of the following time expressions:
already, yet, ever, never, just, recently, for…, since…
already, just, ever and never usually come after have or has while yet comes at the end of a sentence.
Step 7 Doing practice
Daniel and Simon are talking about different forms of transport. Complete the conversation on page 17 using the present perfect tense of the verbs in brackets and the correct time expressions.
Step 8 Doing homework
a. Review the use of the present perfect tense
b. Fill in the blanks with the right tense of the verbs.
1. Eddie ___________ (be) born four years ago.
2. Eddie __________ (live) with Millie since he was born.
3. Mr Smith __________ (not come) back yet.
4. _____ they _____ (see) any exhibition recently
5. ---- _____ you _____ (finish) your work ---- No, I haven’t.
Period 6 Grammar II
Teaching goals
●To consolidate the present perfect tense
●To learn to use time expressions with the present perfect tense Teaching procedures
Step 1 Having a revision
Have a dictation
Write down the past participle of the following verbs.
1. repair
2. marry
3. see
4. change
5. turn
6. pollute
7. feel
8. throw
9. write 10. make
Step 2 Talking about the present perfect tense
We use the simple past tense to talk about what happened at a definite time in the past.
We use the present perfect tense to talk about things that started in the past and continue to the present.
We also use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the past but with connection with the present.
What’s the form of the present perfect tense
Have /has (+not) + Past participle
What typical time expressions can we use with the present perfect tense already, yet, ever, never, just, recently, for…, since…
Step 3 Finishing exercises
Choose the correct adverbs of time to complete the sentences.
1. Have you done your homework _____ (for, just, already)
2. I have _____been to Chengdu. (ever, never, yet)
3. He has _____washed the dishes. (already, ever, for)
4. He has worked there _____he left school. (already, just, since)
5. She has known Sam _____nine years. (for, never, since)
6. They have _____arrived. (ever, just, yet)
Step 4 Doing practices
Make a dialogue like this:
A: Have you ever finished your homework
B: Yes, I have. /No, I haven’t.
A: When did you do it /When will you do it
B: I did it last night. /I’ll do it tomor row.
Step 5 Playing a game
1. Play the game in order to familiarize students with sentences using the present perfect tense.
Write down the following sentences on the blackboard.
1. has traveled to Beijing
2. has seen the Space Exhibition
3. has kept a rabbit as a pet
4. has been to beaches
5. has slept in the tent
6. has spoken to the foreigners
7. has written a poem
8. has worked in a hospital
The students ask each other: “Have you ever …”
At last, the student makes the sentences like this: Jim has traveled to Beijing. …
2. The aim of the game is to help students to tell the differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense.
Work in pairs. A asks Jim: “When did you travel to Beijing” “Last summer holiday.” At last, the students make sentences like this: Jim says he traveled to Beijing last summer holiday.
Step 6 Doing additional exercises
Millie and Sandy are talking about their history project. Complete their conversation using the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Millie: Hi, Sandy. (1)_____ you _____ (start) your history project yet Sandy: Yes. I (2) _____ (look) on the Internet to get some ideas, but I (3)
_____ (not write) the report yet.
Millie: What (4) _____you _____ (decide) to write about
Sandy: I want to write about Tianjin. (5) _____you _____ (be) there Millie: Yes, I (6) _____ (go) there with my family last year. I think Tianjin
(7) _____ (not change) much.
Sandy: I think there (8) _____ (be) some changes. I (9) _____already _____ (learn) a lot about the history of the city.
(Keys: 1. Have…started 2. have looked 3. haven’t written 4. have…decided 5. Have…been 6. went 7. hasn’t changed 8. have been 9. have…learned/learnt) Step 7 Doing homework
a. Review the uses of the present perfect tense.
b. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.
1. Do you know when he has lived here _____
2. I have written to my pen friend for a week ago. _____
3. I haven’t eaten something since 9 a.m. _____
4. They haven’t heard from Jim’s letter for a long t ime. _____
5. The shop has opened for about ten years. _____
PERIOD 7: INTEGRATED SKILLS
Teaching Objectives
●To listen for details about changes to Starlight Town.
●To focus on general meaning by identifying specific details in pictures and
general context.
●To understand and respond to factual information presented in written and oral
forms.
●To respond to information obtained from listening by completing a letter. Teaching Procedures
STEP 1 Having a revision
Can you ell me something about the changes to Sunshine Town
In the past, 30,000 people lives there. They had some small restaurants, shops and market stalls. They also had a small post office and an old cinema.
There once was a steel plant. The factory used to dump its waste into the river. The poison in the waste killed fish and plants and polluted the river.
At present, they have a large shopping mall and a theatre . The town centre has turned into a central park. People often meet in the new park to play cards and Chinese chess. The government took action to reduce the pollution, and the river is becoming clean again. But many people have moved to other areas, so people may feel a bit lonely from time to time.
STEP 2 Listening to the tape
There is a conversation between Millie and Sandy. They are talking about change in their lives. Listen to the tape and answer the following questions.
1. How did Millie go to school when she was in primary school What about Sandy
2. How does Millie to go school now
3. What does Millie enjoy doing after class
4. What do they think of school life
STEP 3 Practising
What changes have been in your life Work in pairs, and also try to find out about the changes in your partner’s life.
STEP 4 Presenting
Show the students the picture on the left.
Let’s describe the picture.
There are many trees and grass. The air is fresh. There are some wild birds and ducks. The water in the lake is clean. People live in the small houses in the small villages. Then show the students the picture on the right.
Let’s s ee the changes to Starlight Town.
There are many tall buildings, many shops, many highways. There are no lakes STEP 4 Listening to the tape
Daniel and Simon are doing their project on Starlight Town near Beijing. We have already known something about it. Let’s listen to their conversation, then fill in the blank in Part A1 on page 18.
STEP 5 Completing the diary
Simon is writing about Starlight Town in his diary. Help him complete his diary entry on page 19.
Explain: borrow sth. from sb. Lend sth to sb.
in service / in use
over the years / during the year. (谓语动词用现在完成时)
STEP 6 Homework
a. Read the diary and try to learn it by heart.
b. Recite the dialogue on page 19.
c. Translation
1. 看！河里有一些鸭子在游泳。

2. 我的自行车坏了。

你能把你的借给我吗
3. 对我们而言保护环境很重要。

4. 我很开心我有你这样的好朋友。

我也有同感。

5. 农村的空气比城里的新鲜。

6. 这个机场已经投入使用十多年了。

PERIOD 8: STUDY SKILLS
Teaching Objectives
●To become more familiar with the sequence of letters in the alphabet.
●To develop dictionary skills and recognize guide words.
●To use guide words to locate words in a dictionary more easily.
Teaching Procedures
STEP 1 Having a dictation
Write down the past forms and the past participles of the following verbs
lend know see move change visit take walk grow come
stay chat enjoy travel own do read eat hear watch
STEP 2 Presenting
When we read some English books, newspapers or magazines, we will meet some new words we haven’t learned, what should we do
We can use a dictionary.
The words in a dictionary are in alphabetical order from ‘A’ to ‘Z’. This helps us find the words we want quickly.
Ask students to call out the letters of the alphabet (A-Z) in order.
If two words start with the same letter, we look at the second letter to decide the alphabetical order. If the first two letters of two words are the same, we look at the third letter, and so on.
ball ‘l’ comes before ‘n’
banana ‘a’ comes before ‘k’
bank
STEP 3. Practising
Mr Wu is teaching his students about alphabetical order. He asks them to put the following words in alphabetical order. Finish Part A on page 20.
STEP 4 Presenting
The guide word in the top corner of each page of a dictionary can help you find the correct page quickly.
STEP 5. Practising
On the left are some page numbers and guide words from a dictionary. Finish Part B on page 20.
STEP 6 Game
1. Give students some coded sentences. Tell them that in order to decode the message, they must replace each letter with the letter that comes before it in the alphabet. . Upebz jt Uivstebz. (Today is Thursday.)
J mjlf dipdpmbuf. ( I like chocolate.)
Xf mjwf jo Cfjkjoh. (We live in Beijing.)
Uif tvo sjtft jo uif fbtu. (The sun rises in the east.)
2. Give students some coded sentences. Tell them that in order to decode the message, they must replace each letter with the letter that comes after it in the alphabet. . Ohyyz hr lx ezuntqhsd ennc. (Pizza is my favourite food.)
Kds’r fn sn sgd bhmdlz. (Let’s go to the cinema.)
Snlnqqnv hr Ix ahqsgczx. (Tomorrow is my birthday.)
Zix gzr itrs addm sn sgd khaqzqx. (Amy has just been to the library.)
3. Ask students to line themselves up in alphabetical order by name.
STEP 7 Homework
a. Review what we have learnt.
b. Try to do more consolidation about arranging some words.
PERIOD 9: MAIN TASK
Teaching Objectives
●To describe two pictures explaining the differences between past and present
situations.
●To generate ideas to describe specific details shown in pictures.
●To organize language and descriptions to write a comparison.
●To select descriptive information to write a report.
●To describe the changes to a place.
Teaching Procedures
STEP 1 Free discussion
Ask the students to have a free discussion: “ The changes to school / fam ily / festival / lifestyle / city/ …”
Model: The changes to school
School yard, timetable, subjects, numbers of the students and teachers, activities, teaching condition
STEP 2 Presenting
Amy plans to write about the changes to Moonlight Town for her project. She has got an old photo and a recent photo of the town.
Show the photos to the students, then ask them to talk about them in groups of four or five.
Talk about the difference between them, then show the fact file to the students,
STEP 3 Filling the blanks
Help Amy complete her report in Part A3 on page 22
STEP 4 Reading the article
Ask the students to read the report. Then tell them about other changes that Amy didn’t mention. . Moonlight Town is noisier now. there are more shops and businesses, the roads are busier, etc.
STEP 5 Presenting
Now tell the students that they will have to do some research in order to write their reports. Ask them for ideas abut where they might find the information. . libraries, the Internet, museums, talking with parents and grandparents, etc.
Ask the students to decide what to write about. Encourage them to come up with original ideas. Encourage them to research and talk about any topic, such as, cars, planes, fashion, festivals, etc, describing specific details in the past and present.
Now, I will show you two pictures of Nanjing. You will have to write a report on the changes to your hometown Nanjing. You need to describe the changes to your partner. Then present your report to the class. The questions in Part B on page 22 will help you.
STEP 6 Writing
Ask the students to make some notes . Tell students to begin writing their reports. Remind them that it is essential that they prepare draft first and check for clarity of information.
STEP 7 Homework
a. Remember how to get information to write the article.
b. Write an article about the changes to ….
PERIOD 10: CHECKOUT
Teaching Objectives
●To assess students’ progress in using the pres ent perfect tense.
●To check students’ understanding of the contexts for using the present perfect
tense versus the simple past tense.
●To assess recognition of some opposite adjectives.
Teaching Procedures
STEP 1 A crossword puzzle
Millie found a crossword puzzle in a magazine.
The sentences on the right describe the words that go into the grid on the left. Then put these nines words in alphabetical order.
(Revise Study skills)
STEP 2 Having a revision
1. -- Have you ever done the game like this
-- Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
-- When did you do this game
-- At the age of five.
(Revise Grammar)
2. Why does Eddie says that Hobo has changed a lot
(Revise Comic strip)
3. Can you say the changes to Sunshine Town / Starlight Town / Moonlight Town (Revise Reading & Integrated skills)
STEP 3 Presenting
Sunshine Town has changed a lot. One day, a tourist lost his way, he couldn’t find the way to the train station. He asked Millie for help.。