2018高考英语一轮复习专题训练专题七非谓语动词Word版含答案

语法专项提升专题七
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．The comments the expert made concerning stock market bothered Bill greatly，making(make) him sleepless all night.
解析：句意：专家关于股市的评论让比尔整夜无眠。

现在分词作结果状语，表自然的结果。

2．Scientists have created the world's smallest “snowman”，measuring(measure) about a fifth of the width of a human hair.
解析：句意：科学家建造了世界上最小的“雪人”，它的宽度大约是人类头发的五分之一。

现在分词作定语，相当于一个主动语态的定语从句，意即：which measures…。

3．According to a survey conducted(conduct) recently in Shanghai，the city is facing a workforce shortage of 150,000 personnel.
解析：句意：根据最近在上海开展的一项调查，该城市正面临150 000人劳动力短缺。

过去分词作定语，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句，意即：which was conducted…。

4．All along the way to the tourist destination，he would sometimes slow down the car to_make(make) sure if we were going the right way.
解析：句意：在前往旅游目的地的路上，他有时会减速以确保我们所走的路是正确的。

不定式用来作目的状语。

5．At the entrance of the hall hangs a picture of an elegant and graceful old woman，seated(seat) smiling at everyone passing her.
解析：句意：大厅入口处挂着一幅画像，画中一位优雅的老妇人坐在那里对每个经过她的人微笑着。

seat 用作动词时是及物动词，只可用过去分词形式，表示“就座的状态”。

6．Being_imported/Having_been_imported(import) from other countries，sand painting is now being recognized in China for its uniqueness and creativity.
解析：句意：沙画从别的国家引入中国之后，因为它的独一无二和创造性而逐渐被大家认识。

现在分词作状语，因为是被引进的，故应用被动形式。

7．Earth is believed to have_been_hit(hit) by an object the size of Mars at some point in the distant past before its surface cooled.
解析：句意：人们认为地球在遥远的过去，其表面冷却之前某一时刻，曾经受到火星大小的物体的袭击。

hit这个动作发生在谓语is believed之前，因此应用不定式的完成式；因为是被袭击，应用被动形式。

8．Do you expect there to_be(be) a possibility that we shall be able to afford the furniture we need?
解析：句意：你觉得我们有可能买得起我们所需要的家具吗？expect 后只可用不定式作宾语，不可用动词的-ing形式，本句是there be句型的变体形式。

9．China is known to_have_changed(change) greatly in terms of its cultural values over the past few years.
解析：句意：众所周知，中国在过去的几年里在文化价值观方面发生了很大的变化。

不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作在谓语动作(is known)之前发生。

10．Great efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage is_to_be(be) avoided.
解析：句意：如果要避免食物短缺的问题，必须做出巨大的努力来增加农业产量。

“be ＋to do”结构可用来表示“想要做……，根据计划安排做……”；又因为是在if 引导的条件状语从句里，所以用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

11．I am expecting to_be_informed(inform) of every interesting thing you have heard of.
解析：句意：我期待被告知任何你听到的有趣的事情。

expect to do sth.期待做某事。

12．If you are free，I would like you to_stay(stay) over the weekend with me.
解析：句意：如果你有空，我想让你和我一起过周末。

would like sb.to do sth.意为“想让某人做某事”。

13．Keep your legs crossed(cross) for five minutes to strengthen the muscle.
解析：句意：保持双腿交叉五分钟来强化肌肉。

cross one's legs意为“交叉双腿”。

14．Young people may risk going(go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.
解析：句意：年轻人如果每天接触高分贝的音乐，将面临失聪的风险。

risk doing sth.意为“冒着……的风险”。

15．I think it essential to_reserve(reserve) air tickets; otherwise we might not be able to catch the right plane.
解析：句意：我认为有必要预订飞机票，否则我们可能搭不上那趟合适的飞机。

it在此处作形式宾语，不定式to reserve air tickets为真正的宾语。

16．The purpose of the meeting is to_select(select) a new captain，since John has retired last month.
解析：句意：这次会议的目的是选举一位新的队长，因为约翰已经在上月退休了。

不定式to select a new captain在此处做表语。

17．Mary suggested giving(give) up the project due to the lack of money and time.
解析：句意：由于缺乏资金和时间，玛丽建议放弃这个项目。

suggest doing sth.意为“建议做某事”。

18．The t eacher said to me seriously: “your assignment is to_be_handed(hand) in tomorrow.”
解析：句意：老师严厉地对我说：“你的作业明天一定要交。

”不定式此处表示命令。

19．I really appreciate being_given(give) this opportunity and I won't let you down.
解析：句意：我很感激被给予了这次机会，我不会让你们失望的。

appreciate doing sth.意为“对某事表示感激”。

20．It is no use regretting(regret) the mistakes you have already made in the final exam.
解析：句意：后悔你在期末考试中所犯的错误是没用的。

It is no use doing sth.意为“做某事没有用处”。

21．He was the first guest to_arrive(arrive) at the meeting held in honor of the soldiers who sacrificed their lives for the peace of the world.
解析：句意：他是第一个出席这次会议的，这次会议是为了纪念那些为了世界和平牺牲自己生命的士兵们。

当中心词为序数词，最高级，the last，the only等或中心词被这类词修饰时，多用不定式做定语。

22．It is well acknowledged that Maria is a pleasant person to_work(work) with.
解析：句意：众所周知，与玛利亚共事很愉快。

不定式作定语。

23．She raised her voice so as to_make(make) herself heard in the noisy meeting.
解析：句意：她提高嗓音使自己在这个吵闹的会议中能被听到。

so as to do sth.意为“目的是……”。

24．Having_struggled(struggle) with depression，eating disorders and alcohol abuse for years，he now understands how important being healthy is.
解析：句意：在与抑郁、饮食失调和酗酒斗争多年后，现在他终于明白健康是多么的重要。

分词作状语时，如果句中有延续性的时间状语，应用现在分词的完成式。

25．The mother was happy to see that her child was old enough to_dress(dress) himself now.
解析：句意：这位母亲很高兴看到自己的孩子现在已经足够大，可以给自己穿衣服了。

adj.＋enough＋to do意为“足够……可以做……”。

26．It is selfish of him to_do(do) nothing for the poor families headed by children.
解析：句意：他很自私，没有给那些小孩当家的贫困家庭做任何事情。

不定式作真正的主语。

27．Residents are advised not to_put(put) their rubbish bags on the pavement outside their houses.
解析：句意：居民们被建议不要把垃圾袋扔在房子外面的人行道上。

advise sb.to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”。

28．The airport to_be_completed(complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
解析：句意：明年将完工的飞机场将会促进该地区的旅游业。

此处不定式做后置定语表示动作将要发生。

29．Greatly encouraged(encourage)，we made up our mind to carry on the hard work.
解析：句意：受到极大的鼓励，我们下定决心继续这项艰难的工作。

此处的过去分词作伴随状语。

30．I happened to_be_watching(watch) TV when she called，and that's why I missed her call.
解析：句意：当她打电话的时候，我正在看电视，这就是为什么我错过了她的电话。

happen to do sth.意为“碰巧做某事”。

Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Knowing office rules—whether being written or not—is important，especially for young job seekers.
【答案】being written句意：了解办公室规则，不管书面与否，都是很重要的，特别是对于年轻的求职者来说。

whether是连词，其后可跟一个句子，也可跟一个省略句，whether written or not 相当于whether they are written or not。

2．Sounded reasonable，the idea he came up with to create a friendly environment attracted much public attention.
【答案】Sounded→Sounding句意：他所想出的创造一个友好环境的想法听起来合理，吸引了公众的注意。

注意本句主语the idea后跟了两个定语，一是(which) he came up with; 二是to create a friendly environment，句子的谓语是attracted。

sound 是连系动词，不可用于被动语态，同样不可用过去分词形式作状语。

3．I'm sorry，but I didn't see how we can get all this work you assigned doing by next Tuesday.
【答案】doing→done句意：对不起，我没明白我们怎样可以在下周二前完成所有您布置的工作。

过去动词作宾语补足语，与宾语之间的关系是被动的。

4．—Smoking in the workplace is becoming less and less acceptable.
—Yes，and that makes more people begin to consider quit the habit.
【答案】quit→quitting句意：——在工作场所吸烟已经越来越不能被接受。

——是的，这使得更多的人开始考虑改掉这个习惯。

动词consider意为“考虑”时，其后跟v.-ing作宾语；意为“认为”时，其后常用不定式作宾补。

5．The murderer ran away，trying to escape caught by the police，but in vain.
【答案】escape
∧
being caught句意：凶手试图逃脱警察的抓捕，但这是徒劳的。

动词
escape后应跟v.-ing形式作宾语，因为是被抓，故用被动形式。

6．The King is said to have been encouraged by the spider woven its web in the cave where he was hiding and defeated his enemy at last.
【答案】woven→weaving句意：据说国王是受到他所藏身的洞穴里的蜘蛛织网行为的鼓励，最终打败了他的敌人。

现在分词作定语，相当于一个主动语态的定语从句，即：which was weaving…。

7．Made full preparations，Tony was quite confident about the coming interview.
【答案】 ∧Having made full 句意：因为作了充分的准备，托尼对即将到来的面试很有信
心。

现在分词作原因状语，因其发生在前，故用分词的完成式。

8．With more and more tourists invading ，lots of places of interest require to be repairing.
【答案】 repairing →repaired 句意：随着越来越多的游客涌入，很多名胜需要维修了。

sth.require doing ＝sth.require to be done 某物需要被……。

9．A volunteer is a person willing to help others ，one who offers to do something without paid.
【答案】 ∧being paid 句意：志愿者是一个愿意帮助别人、愿意主动做某事而不要报酬
的人。

without doing sth.不做某事，其被动式为without being done 。

10．Lost your temper with the client was a very expensive mistake: we have lost the contract which is very important to us.
【答案】 Lost →Losing 句意：对客户发脾气是一个非常昂贵的错误：我们失去了合同，而这份合同对我们是非常重要的。

句中was 是谓语动词，其前应是动名词短语作主语；因为表达的是一个曾经发生的事，宜用动名词而不是动词不定式。

11．She is said to come home last week but her husband denied it.
【答案】 to ∧have come come 动作发生在denied 之前，所以用不定式的完成式。

12．The children pretended be reading aloud when the teacher came in.
【答案】 pretended ∧to pretend to do sth.意为“假装做某事”。

13．Know basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
【答案】 Know →Knowing 动名词在此处作主语。

14．With everything turning upside down ，the room seems to have been broken into.
【答案】 turning →turned everything 与turn 是被动关系，所以用过去分词。

15．She asks to be treating equally after finding out she was paid far less than her male colleagues.
【答案】 treating →treated 她要求被公平对待，所以用过去分词。

16．The telephone is considered to have invented by Bell.
【答案】 have ∧been invented 电话被认为是由贝尔发明的，be considered to do 意为“被
认为做……”，telephone 与invent 是动宾关系，故用不定式的完成被动式 。

17．We are talking about how to be overcome the present difficulties.
【答案】 how to be overcome we 与overcome 是主谓关系，所以用不定式的一般式。

18．With lots of important matters to attend ，I have no time to go to your birthday party now.
【答案】 attend ∧to attend to 此处意为“注意……”，to 为介词。

不定式作宾语补足语
时，要注意不及物动词后的介词不能省。

19．Judged from her accent，she must come from Arabian countries.
【答案】Judged→Judging该处judging为悬垂分词，不需考虑与主句主语的关系。

20．When we saw the road blocking with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.
【答案】blocking→blocked路被雪堵住了，所以用过去分词。

21．The stories of rescuing trapped strangers in the earthquake highlight the huge efforts having made by residents themselves，as well as aid workers from around the world.
【答案】having→being/having句意：营救被困在地震中的陌生人的事迹突显了由居民们自己以及来自世界各地的救援人员所做出的巨大努力。

现在分词的完成时不可以作定语，可用现在分词的一般式表示正在做出的努力，或用过去分词表示已做出的努力。

22．She insisted on give up the plan of building a primary school in the remote area.
【答案】give→giving insist on doing sth.意为“坚持做某事”。

23．With the help of a walk stick，the old lady finally managed to get there.
【答案】walk→walking表示事物的性质和功能多用动名词做定语。

24．The question being discussing is of great importance to the whole country.
【答案】discussing→discussed问题被讨论，所以用过去分词的被动式。

25．It hasn't rained for a month，makes the crops hard to grow.
【答案】makes→making现在分词短语作结果状语。

26．I actually heard him locked the door before he left the house.
【答案】locked→lock/locking hear sb.do sth.意为“听到某人做了某事”；hear sb.doing sth.意为“听到某人正在做某事”。

27．Entering the classroom，the teacher found that all the students were seating quite well.
【答案】seating→seated此处seat用作及物动词，所以用过去分词，同时也表状态。

28．Why not to join us in the game and have some nice relaxation?
【答案】not to join why not do sth.表提议做某事。

29．You can't expect me to do the housework as well as to read so many books.
【答案】as well as to read as well as连接两个不定式时，第二个不定式的to要省去。

30．Jim was listening attentively to the lecture，all his attention fixing upon it.
【答案】fixing→fixed fix one's attention upon sth.意为“集中某人的注意力于……”，此处用过去分词作伴随状语。