热风炉中英文说明书

JDK型空气加热器（热风炉）
使用说明书Operation Manual of JDK
Type Air Heater
常州市鼎龙环保设备有限公司
常州市鼎马干燥机械有限公司
Changzhou Dinglong Environmen Protection Equipment Co., Ltd.
Changzhou Dingma Drying Machinery Co., Ltd.
二00八年
敬告用户
Notice
抽板式链条炉排调风和清灰系统为一体。

Air regulation and dust cleaning system of drawer
panel-type chain grate is a whole.
操纵拉杆每2小时往复拉动清灰后复位至需要的风门开度，切记！！！
After reciprocating pull and dust cleaning every 2 hours, please reset the control operating rod, and ensure the proper
opening of the throttle. DO REMEMBER!!!
CONTENT
1. 概述Summary (1)
2. 结构性能简介Brief Introduction of Structural Performance (2)
3. 系统图及说明System Drawing and Explanation (3)
4. 点火及启动Ignition and Starting (4)
5. 烘炉Heat furnace (5)
6. 正常运行Normal Operation (6)
7. 链条炉排的运行操作和调节Operation and Adjustment of Chain Grate (7)
8. 设备保护Protection of the Equipment (12)
9. 系统清灰及清渣Dust Cleaning and Slag Removal for the System (13)
10. 停炉Shutdown of the Stove (14)
11. 维护和保养Maintenance (15)
12. 附：沉降室热风炉的清灰 (17)
Appendix: dust cleaning of hot blast stove with settling chamber (17)
1.概述Summary
JDK系列空气加热器（也称热风炉）是一种以煤为燃料，以空气为介质的新型高效的换热设备，能连续提供恒温、恒压、无尘的干净热空气，广泛应用于纺织漂染、橡胶涂层的热定型；印铁涂料烘房、金属表面除锈处理后的烘干及油漆烘干，造纸工业的烘干，粮食饲料、谷物鱼粉、烟叶茶叶等的烘干；胶合板、石膏板的成型干燥，木材干燥，化工物料、动植物油脂的喷雾干燥以及工业厂房的采暖等等。

取代目前使用的以蒸汽、油锅炉或电加热空气的方式，减少了热交换环节及相应的热交换设备，具有系统热效率高，设备简化，操作方便，安全可靠，工程投资低等优点。

JDK series air heater (also known as hot blast stove) is new and efficient heat exchange equipment, whose fuel is coal and medium is air. It is able to provide clean hot air continuously, with constant temperature, constant pressure and without dust. This equipment is widely used in the heat setting of textile bleaching and dyeing, and rubber coating; iron printing dryer, drying of de-rusting metal surface and drying of paint, drying of paper industry, as well as foodstuff, forage, cereal, fish meal, tobacco leaves and tea, etc.; dehydration forming of veneer and plasterboards, drying of timber, spray drying of chemical materials, animal and vegetable oil, and the heating of industrial factories, and so on. This product replaces air heating forms such as steam, oil boiler or electricity, and thus reduces heat exchange process and corresponding heat exchange equipment. This product is equipped with lots of advantages, including high thermal efficiency, simpler equipment, convenient
operation, safety and reliability, low engineering investment and so on.
2. 结构性能简介Brief Introduction of Structural Performance JDK系列热风炉由燃烧设备（炉体）和换热器两大部件构成，燃料自煤斗进入炉排，通过前拱引燃、人字型后拱反射，在喉口主燃后形成“α”火焰，烟气经过炉膛内折烟墙折射流向炉膛出口。

换热器由多组热交换管束组成，烟气自炉膛出口进入换热器入口，横向冲刷换热器管组，进行高效热交换，自最后一组换热器出口经引风机抽往烟囱，排向大气。

JDK series hot blast stove consists of combustion equipment (furnace body) and heat exchanger. Fuel goes into the grate through coal scuttle, is ignited by face arch and reflected by herringbone rear arch. Combustion at the throat leads to “α” blaze. After the refraction by smoke-turning wall in the hearth, flue gas flows to the exit of hearth. The heat exchanger is made up of many groups of heat-exchange tube bundles. Flue gas comes out of the exit of hearth, goes into the inlet of heat exchanger, transversely scours the tube bundles, and thus carries out efficient heat exchange. After that, flue gas is taken out by induced draft fan from the exit of the last group of heat exchangers, and discharged into the air.
在尾部换热器管组入口，由主风机（或加回风补充）供给的空气进入管组，纵向冲刷换热器管束，经转弯风室分别通向各组换热器管束，最后自所需额定温度的管组出口将热风供给用热系统。

Air supply from main air blower (or supplemented by return air) enters the inlet of the tail tube bundles, scours heat-exchange tube bundles lengthwise, and goes through the turning air chamber to all groups of heat-exchange tube bundles. At last, hot blast is supplied to heating using system, from the exit of tube bundles with rated
temperature.
3. 系统图及说明System Drawing and Explanation
图例图例：：Legend
① 电控柜Electrical control cabinet
② 点火门Ignition door
③ 链条炉排Chain grate stoker
④ 鼓风机Air blower
⑤ 鼓风机调节门Governing valve of fan
⑥ 热电阻/温度指示仪
Thermal resistance/temperature indicator
⑦ 加热器热风出口热电偶/温度指示仪
Thermocouple/ temperature indicator at
the hot-blast outlet of heater
⑧ 热交换器进口烟气热电偶/温度指示仪 ⑧Thermocouple/ temperature indicator at the hot-blast inlet of heat exchanger ⑨ 热风出口 Hot-blast outlet ⑩ 主风机调节门 Governing valve of main air blower ⑪ 用回风时补充空气调节门 Governing valve of air supplement by air return ⑫ 引风机调节门 Governing valve of induced draft fan ⑬ 引风机Induced draft fan
⑭ 冷风进口
Inlet of cold blast
⑮ 清灰孔
Dust cleaning hole
⑯ 热交换器下部清灰门
Soot door at the bottom of heat exchanger ⑰ 热交换器下部清灰门
Soot door at the bottom of heat exchanger ⑱ 热交换器
Heat exchanger ⑲ 主风机
Main air blower
4. 点火及启动Ignition and Starting
点火前的准备Preparation before ignition
4.1点火前检查各部件是否完好无损？
Before ignition, check whether or not every part is complete and in good condition.
4.2煤闸门升降是否灵活?
Check whether or not the coal gate rises and falls flexibly.
4.3链条炉排运转是否正常?
Check whether or not the chain grate operates normally.
4.4鼓、引风机风门开启是否灵活?
Check whether or not the throttles of air blower and induced draft fan can be opened flexibly.
4.5检查炉排变速箱、上煤机、出渣机、炉排后滚筒处各润滑点是否注满了规定的润滑
油类？
Check whether or not lubricating points are filled with stated lubricants, including grate gear-box, coal loader, slag extractor and rollers behind the grate.
4.6查看各风机冷却水是否通畅？
Check whether or not the cooling water of air blowers is smooth.
4.7系统烟道、风道是否严密?配有除尘系统的，除尘器卸灰门闸是否密封，开放灵活？
Check whether or not system flue and air duct is compact. In the case of dedusting system, check whether or not the ash discharging gate is airproof and flexible to open.
4.8配有湿式除尘系统的，循环水是否通畅？
As for wet dedusting system, check whether or not the circulating water is smooth.
4.9检查电气设备是否正常，指示正确？
Check whether or not the electrical equipment is normal. Is the indication correct?
4.10以上准备工作就绪后，开始点火启动。

After above preparations are finished, ignite and start it.
5. 烘炉Heat furnace
5.1启动主风机，并打开主风机调节门1/4。

Start the main air blower, and open the governing valve of main air blower 1/4. 5.2开启引风机进口调风门。

Open the inlet throttle of induced draft fan.
5.3打开煤斗下点火门，投入木柴，用油棉纱引燃，以微火缓慢加热炉膛，注意投放的
木柴上不得有铁钉、钢丝之类的硬物，以免卡住炉排。

Open the ignition door under the coal scuttle, put in firewood; ignite it with oily cotton yarn, and heat the hearth slowly with mild fire. Make sure that there is no iron nail or steel wire on the firewood, in order not to jam the grates.
5.4微火下，以自然通风方式为主加热五天，换热器入口温度不得超过300℃。

对于较
大容量的热风炉，应适当延长微火加热的时间，以使炉墙保温系统缓慢干燥。

Heat it with mild fire and natural ventilation for 5 days; the temperature at the inlet of heat exchangers shall not exceed 300℃. As for hot blast stoves with relatively large capacity, please extend the heating period with mild fire, so that the insulation system of furnace wall dries slowly.
5.5微火加热期结束后启动上煤机，煤斗开始上煤。

此时，关闭煤斗下点火门，将煤斗
上煤闸门高度调节至80mm左右（较大容量热风炉可至100mm左右）。

启动炉排约行走1000~1500mm，再投入木柴，使之集中于前拱部位燃烧，待前拱预热呈暗红色，启动炉排，开启鼓、引风机风量及炉排档位速度，使炉膛出口至换热器入口温度控制在≤500℃，并调整主风机调节门使加热器出口温度≤350℃，运转1~2天即可正常运行。

After heating with mild fire, please start the coal loader, and the coal scuttle begins to supply coal. At this moment, close the ignition door under the coal scuttle, adjust the height of coal gate to about 80 mm (as for hot blast stoves with relatively large capacity, please adjust the height of coal gate to about 100 mm). Start the grates and walk them 1000~1500mm, then put in firewood, and make sure the firewood is burned at the face arch. When the face arch warms up and becomes dark red, please start the grates, and open the air volume of air blower and induced draft fan, as well as the gear speed of grates. The temperature between the exit of hearth and the inlet of heat exchangers shall be controlled ≤500℃. Adjust the governing valve of main air blower, keep the temperature at the exit of heat exchangers ≤350℃ for 1-2 days, and then the equipment will operate normally.
6. 正常运行Normal Operation
6.1 做好运行前的准备工作，进一步检查各部件、润滑点及冷却水等是否正常。

Before normal operation, please make all preparations, and further check the conditions of all parts, lubricating points and cooling water.
6.2 运行前先开主风机，并打开调节门1/4.
Before the operation, please first open the main air blower and the governing valve 1/4.
6.3 调整排烟引风机进风口调节门，将风量调整至正常运行所需要的位置。

Adjust the governing valve at the air inlet of exhaust fan, and adjust its air volume to proper position of normal operation.
6.4 根据用热设备用热情况及炉膛内燃烧情况,调整煤层厚度即煤闸门高度，一般地，煤
层厚度以80~120mm为宜（较大容量炉型取较大值，较小容量炉型取较小值）。

煤层厚度的调整还应结合燃料特点，灰分较高的煤层厚度宜略高一些，反之略低。

According to heat consumption of heating equipment and burning inside the hearth, adjust the thickness of coal, that is, the height of coal gate. Generally speaking, the thickness of coal shall be 80~120 mm (furnaces with large capacity shall apply relatively high value, while furnaces with small capacity shall apply relatively low value). The thickness of coal shall also consider the characteristics of fuel. Coal
with relatively higher content of ash shall be thicker, and vice versa.
6.5 调整炉排下各风室调节门（见第七条），调整鼓、引风机调节门，使炉膛负压保持在
3~5mm H2O，以达到微负压燃烧效果。

Adjust all governing valves of air chamber under the grate (refer to Clause 7), adjust the governing valves of air blower and induced draft fan, and thus maintain the negative pressure of hearth within 3~5mm H2O, in order to realize the burning under micro-negative pressure.
6.6 逐渐开启主风机进口调节门，将热空气出口温度升至设计值350℃。

Open gradually the governing valve at the inlet of main air blower, and raise the temperature at the outlet of hot air to design value 350℃.
7. 链条炉排的运行操作和调节Operation and Adjustment of Chain Grate 7.1 统仓配风，分风仓送风抽板式链条炉排配风系统的操作。

Operation of air distribution system of drawer panel-type chain grate, with steerage air distribution and air supply by air warehouse
7.1.1统仓配风、分风仓送风抽板式链条炉排配风系统，根据热风炉容量自小到大由
3~7个独立风室组成分风仓，其操作特点集调风和清灰为一体，用调风拉杆同时完成两个功能。

In the air distribution system of drawer panel-type chain grate, with steerage air distribution and air supply by air warehouse, 3~7 independent air chambers constitute air warehouse, depending on the capacity of hot blast stove. Its operation integrates air regulation and dust cleaning. These two functions are realized by tie rod at the same time.
7.1.2初次点火时，将首风室风门操作杆拉至全开位置（刻度线4档，每档开度1/4）
其余风门关闭。

鼓风机开启后，首风室引燃炉膛前部煤层。

At the first ignition, pull the operating lever of the throttle of the first air chamber to full open position (4-grade in scale mark, every grade has 1/4 opening), and keep other throttles close. After starting the air blower, the first air chamber ignites the front coal in the hearth.
7.1.3首风室上部煤层燃烧，火焰升起正常后，第二个风室的风门开启1/2（此时首风
室风门开度应调整为1/3以下），依次类推进入主燃烧区（喉口部位前后拱之间）的各风门全开，火焰呈黄白色，炉膛温度升高后，接近炉膛尾部的风门开启1/2至1/3，最后一个风门开启1/4或关闭（应根据燃料品质的实际情况而定）。

The top layer of coal burns in the first air chamber. After the blaze rises normally,
open 1/2 throttle of the second air chamber (while the opening of the throttle of the first air chamber shall be adjusted below 1/3), and so forth, until all throttles of main combustion zone are full open (between the face arch and rear arch of the throat). The blaze is yellow-white. After the hearth temperature rises, throttles at the end of hearth shall be opened 1/2 to 1/3, and the last throttle is opened 1/4 or closed (depending on the actual quality of fuel).
7.1.4火焰完全正常在满负荷运行状态下，首风室风门仅开启1/4或关闭。

尾风室风门
仅开启1/4或关闭。

其余各风室风门依照“主燃烧区全开、非主燃烧区半开”的原则随时调节。

当鼓风量不足时，各风室风门开度适当加大。

反之，减小。

When the blaze is totally normal under full load, the throttle of the first air chamber shall be opened 1/4 or closed, and the throttle of the last air chamber shall be opened 1/4 or closed. Throttles of other air chambers shall be adjusted timely, according to the principle of “full open in main combustion zone, half open in non-main combustion zone”. If the blast volume is insufficient, please properly enlarge the throttle opening of all air chambers. Vice versa.
7.1.5当煤层较薄、炉排鼓风量较大时，可适当关小鼓风机调节门开度（无调风门的鼓
风机可以调整挡板）。

When the coal becomes thin and the blast volume is relatively large, please properly turn down the opening of governing valve of air blower (as for air blower without governing valve, please adjust the baffle plate).
7.1.6炉排的清灰。

炉排清灰由调风控杆操作，具体方法为：正常运行时，各风门的开
度已调整至运行所需要的开度，在此情况下，每隔1-2小时至少要拉到调风拉杆，反复清灰数次，使风室仓内积灰松动后落至下炉排面，由炉排拖动带至前部落灰斗处。

值班人员每班定期自落灰斗清灰门处清理1-2次（必要时清理次数需增加）。

Dust cleaning for grates. Dust cleaning for grates is carried out by tie rod of air regulation as follows. Under normal operation, all throttles are opened properly to meet the requirement of operation. In this case, pull the tie rod of air regulation at least every 1-2 hours, and clean the dust. As a result, ash deposit in the air chambers loosens and falls to lower grate surface, and the grate brings the ash to the ash hopper in the front. Every shift of operators cleans the dust once or twice
from the soot door of ash hopper (if necessary, do the cleaning more frequently).
反复拉动拉杆清灰后，应复位至调风门的正常开度以避免运行失控。

清理炉头部落灰斗里的积灰时，在炉排运行期间严谨浇水，以防炉排断裂。

停炉后如需在积灰处浇水，也应谨防水滴溅到炉排上。

After repeatedly pulled to clean the dust, the tie rod shall be reset to normal opening of throttle, in order not to lose control of the operation. When cleaning the ash deposit in the ash hopper, watering is not allowed if the grate is operating.
Otherwise, the grate may break. If it is necessary to water the ash deposit after shutdown of the stove, take care that water doesn’t splash on to the grate.
7.2 其他形式链条炉排配风系统的操作。

Operation of other types of air distribution system of chain grate
7.2.1统仓送风，通过手柄转动调风板调风的链条炉排的操作。

Operation of chain grates with steerage air supply, and whose air regulation is realized by turning the handle to adjust the air register.
其风门开度原理同上。

各燃烧区段调整亦相同。

各风室由横向隔风板隔开，依靠各风室侧调风板旋转角度控制各风门的开度。

运行时积灰自然下落至炉排面，由炉排拖动带至前落灰斗处排出。

Its throttle opening is the same as above-mentioned principle. Adjustment in all combustion zones is also the same as the former. All air chambers are separated by transverse air dampers, and openings of all throttles are controlled by turning the angles of side air registers in all air chambers. During operation, ash deposit falls to grate surface, is dragged by the grate to ash hopper in the front, and is discharged from there.
7.2.2统仓配风，分风仓送风，手柄转动调风板调风，抽板式清灰链条炉排的操作。

Operation of drawer panel-type cleaning chain grates with steerage air distribution, air supply by air warehouse, air regulation by turning the handle
各风门的结构形式和调节方式同第6.2.1，各分风仓为封闭式，由旋转手柄调风板控制各风室风量。

清灰时，反复拉动风仓底板抽板拉杆，使仓内积灰下落至炉排面，由炉排带至前部落灰斗处。

清灰时间间隔同第6.1.6条，清灰后抽板关闭。

These air throttles have the same structural styles and control modes as 6.2.1. All
air warehouses are enclosed type. Air volume of all air chambers is controlled by air register. During dust cleaning, please repeatedly pull the drawer-panel tie rod, so that ash deposit in the warehouse falls to grate surface, and is dragged by the grate to ash hopper in the front. The cleaning interval is the same as 6.1.6. Please close the drawer panel after dust cleaning.
7.3 链条炉排运行操作中的注意事项、易发生的故障及排除方法。

Precautions, common faults and trouble shooting during the operation of chain grates 7.3.1炉排的调整The adjustment of chain grates
炉排的松紧程度依靠炉头部链轮轴调节螺母来调整，总的原则是“热态运行时宜紧，冷态运行时宜松”。

当时炉排处于满负荷运行状态、炉膛温度较高时，均匀调紧轴承座侧调节螺母，两螺母紧进圈数应一致，以防炉排跑偏。

当炉膛温度降低、暂时停炉或者处于压火状态时，应适当放松调节螺母，使热应力得到释放，减少炉排的疲劳耗损。

The tightness of chain grates is adjusted by regulating nuts of sprocket shaft at the stove head. The overall principle is that “be tight during thermal-state operation, and be loose during cold-state operation”. When the grates are working under full load and the temperature of hearth is relatively high, please evenly tighten the regulating nut at the side of bearing block. And both nuts shall be tightened the same circles, so that the grates don’t go off track. When the temperature of hearth drops, or the stove is shut down temporarily, or under the circumstance of blanked fire, please properly loosen the regulating nuts, in order to release the thermal stress, and reduce the wear loss of grates.
7.3.2炉排启动应与出渣机启动同步，一般电路上已有同步联动装置，当出渣机出现故
障需要处理时，炉排应立即停止运转，待故障排除后先启动出渣机运行一段时间再启动炉排。

Synchronous start of grates and slag extractor. There is synchronous linkage on circuitry generally. When slag extractor breaks down, the grates shall immediately stop. After solving the problem, first start the slag extractor and keep running for a certain time, and then start the grates.
7.3.3正常运行中，炉膛内燃烧稳定时，着火应自煤闸门后,前拱起始段约200mm处开
始，如发现火苗已延伸至煤闸门处，应加快炉排速度使火焰起步处保持正常距离以防烧坏煤闸门。

When the combustion is stable in the hearth during normal operation, ignition shall begin with 200mm from the face arch after the coal gate. If fire has already reached the coal gate, please quicken the grates, and keep normal distance away from the starting point of fire, in order not to burn out the coal gate.
7.3.4在抽板式调风清灰系统中，由于正常运行时首风室和尾风室的调风门开度很小或
处于关闭状态，首风室和尾风室最容易积灰，应及时拉动拉杆清灰并复位。

必要时，首尾风室的清灰周期较其他风室要短一些。

In drawer panel-type air regulation and dust cleaning system, during normal operation, the governing valves of the first air chamber and last air chamber are only opened a little or closed. As a result, ash accumulates easily in the first air chamber and last air chamber. Therefore, please pull the tie rod timely, and reset it. If necessary, the cleaning cycle of the first air chamber and last air chamber shall be shorter than that of other air chambers.
7.3.5当炉排出现跑偏时：
When the grates go off track,
a) 检查前后轴的平行度。

Check the parallelism of front and rear axis.
b) 及时调整前链轮轴的调节螺母。

Adjust the regulating nuts of front sprocket shaft.
c) 检查链轮装配是否位移、松动，以及链轮的磨损情况。

如磨损严重，应及时更换。

Check whether or not the chain wheel is displaced or loosened, as well as the wear and tear of chain wheel. If the wear and tear is serious, please replace the chain wheel at once.
7.3.6当炉排被卡住而停止运行时If the grates are jammed and stop running:
A.关闭炉排电路，检查减速箱齿轮是否完好，若齿轮打齿则需要更换。

Turn off the circuitry of the grates, and check whether or not the gears of reduction box are in good condition. In the event of broken cogs, please replace them in time.
B. 检查炉膛内侧密封块是否烧损。

Check whether or not the sealing block inside the hearth is burned.
C. 检查炉排内是否残留杂铁等硬物。

Check whether or not there are hard matters left in the grates, such as tramp iron, etc.
D. 检查炉排长销是否变形、起拱。

Check whether or not the long pin of the grate is deformed or cambered.
E. 检查多孔板是否拱起、变形，摩擦板是否拱起、变形。

Check whether or not the perforated plate is cambered or deformed, whether or not the friction plate is cambered or deformed.
F. 修复或更换以上受损件。

Repair or replace above damaged parts.
8. 设备保护Protection of the Equipment
8.1 设定热风炉进入热交换器的烟气温度控制在≤750℃，如必要时可停止鼓风。

The temperature of the fume from hot blast stove to heat exchangers shall be controlled ≤750℃. If necessary, please stop the air blast.
8.2 当出口热风温度超过额定设计温度（350℃）或温度计上限设定值时，鼓风机、引风
机、炉排自动停止，但主风机不停。

When the temperature of hot blast at the exit exceeds the rated design temperature (350℃)or upper limit value of the thermometer, the air blower, induced draft fan and grates shall stop automatically, but the main air blower continues to work.
8.3 当炉前部冒黑烟，出现正压燃烧时，应及时调整炉排运行状态，检查烟风道的密封
情况，增大引风机的调风门的开度。

When black smoke emits from the front stove, and combustion is under positive pressure, please adjust the operating condition of grates in time, check the sealing of flue, and increase the opening of governing valve of induced draft fan.
8.4 引风机出现异常噪音时，应停止运行，检查风机防震垫、水冷系统。

对于分离式皮
带传动风机，还应检查和调整皮带的松紧度。

引风机需要停止时，应先关闭炉排鼓
风再关闭引风。

When abnormal noise comes from induced draft fan, please stop operating at once;
check the anti-vibration pad of fans and water cooling system. As for separation-type belt driving fans, please also check and adjust the tightness of belt.
To stop the induced draft fan, please first shut down the blast of grates, and then close the induced draft.
9. 系统清灰及清渣Dust Cleaning and Slag Removal for the System
9.1 炉前清灰Dust cleaning in the front of stove:
每班至少清理一次由炉排带往炉前落灰斗处的积灰，清理注意事项如 6.1.6条所述。

Ash deposit in the ash hopper shall be cleaned at least once by every shift. Points for attention are shown in 6.1.6.
9.2 炉膛清灰Dust cleaning for the hearth：
较大容量的热风炉在炉拱（后拱）上方没有清灰门，炉膛内的积灰一般多落于炉拱上，如积攒过多，会影响烟气流通和燃烧效果。

因此，后拱上的积灰每班至少需要清理一次，可通过清灰门清出，在布置有后拱末端落灰口的炉型中，也可以通过落灰口清理至出渣机内带出以便减少污染。

小容量的炉型可以直接自系统图所示的小清灰孔清灰，每班一次。

There is no soot door on the top of arch (rear arch) of hot blast stove with relatively large capacity. As a result, most ash deposit in the hearth falls on to the stove arch.
Excessive ash deposit will affect the circulation of fume and combustion. Therefore, ash deposit on rear arch shall be cleaned from the soot door at least once by every shift. As for a stove with ash hole at the end of rear arch, the ash deposit can be taken from the ash hole into slag extractor, so as to reduce the pollution. As for stoves with small capacity, ash deposit can be cleared from the small dust cleaning hole, as is shown in the System Drawing, once every shift.
9.3 换热器清灰Dust cleaning for heat exchangers：
每周至少清理一次换热器基础下面的清灰口。

每隔一至两月至少要打开侧清灰门清理一次换热器风室侧管口的积灰。

在停炉保养期间则应彻底清灰。

The dust cleaning hole under the base of heat exchanger shall be cleaned at least once a week. Open the side soot door at least every 1 to 2 months, and clean the ash deposit at the outlet of side tube of air chamber. Clean the dust thoroughly during the shutdown and maintenance period.
9.4 如果是配有除尘系统的热风炉，每班须清理一次除尘器内的积灰或沉淀池内落灰。

换班时由于用热量较少，炉子系统和换热器的清灰工作应在关闭鼓风机和引风机的前提下进行。

As for hot blast stove with dedusting system, ash deposit in the dust remover or sedimentation tank shall be cleaned once every shift. Since heat consumption is a little during changing shifts, the dust cleaning of stove system and heat exchanger shall be carried out after closing air blower and induced draft fan.
9.5 热风炉运行中的清渣Slag removal during the operation of hot blast stove:
正常运行中，除了出渣机出渣外，易结焦燃料在燃烧中的结焦有可能影响出渣机的运行，以至于出现结焦块卡住出渣机的现象。

可通过炉后部出渣机侧检查门查看，必要时打破焦块使之分解，以便顺利通过出渣机，也可以直接清理出炉外。

During normal operation, slag extractor produces slag. Besides, coking of easily coked fuel may affect the operation of slag extractor. As a result, slag extractor may be jammed by coking. In this case, check it by side inspection door of slag extractor, which is at the rear end of stove. If necessary, smash the coking into pieces, so that small coking goes through slag extractor smoothly, or can be cleaned out of the stove directly.
停炉Shutdown of the Stove
10. 停炉
10.1正常停炉时，关闭鼓风机及调风门，炉排停止运行或在停机后运转1-2分钟，关闭
炉门使炉火熄灭。

当引风机运行至热交换器入口温度≤400℃时，开始关机并关闭调节门。

待出风口温度≤100℃时关闭主风机。

To shut down the stove normally, please close the air blower and air shutter; grates stop operating, or operate for 1-2 minutes after shutdown of stove; close the stove door, so as to extinguish the fire. When the induced draft fan reaches the inlet
temperature of heat exchanger, that is, ≤400℃, please shut down the stove, and close the governing valve. Close the main air blower when the air outlet reaches ≤100℃. 10.2遇到异常情况需紧急停炉时，首先关闭鼓风机，在炉排停止运行后打开炉前点火门，
清理和熄灭火床上的燃煤使炉膛能快速冷却。

开大热交换器主风机风量，使换热器及时冷却，然后关闭引风机。

To shut down the stove in an emergency, please first close the air blower; after grates stop, please open the front ignition door, clean and extinguish the burning coal on the fire grates, in order to cool down the hearth quickly. Enlarge the air volume of main air blower of heat exchanger, so that heat exchanger cools down immediately. Then, close the induced draft fan.
10.3需长期停炉时，按第一条步骤操作并进行火床清理，已燃尽的燃料通过出渣机带出，
未燃尽的煤块（粒）熄灭后清出火床。

In the event of long-term shutdown, please go through procedures in 10.1, and clean the fire grates. Burned fuels are brought out by slag extractor, while unburned coal lumps (grains) go out, and are cleaned out of fire grates.
维护和保养Maintenance
11. 维护和保养
11.1运行人员必须保持加热器外表清洁，操纵仪表灵活、准确，确保正常操作。

Operators shall keep the heater exterior keep, control panel flexible and accurate, in order to ensure normal operation.
11.2做好当班记录，记录内容至少应包括：
Take notes of shifts, at least including:
A.加热器温度控制及用热设备用热情况；
Temperature control of the heater, and heat consumption of heating equipment;
B.炉排运行情况；
Operation of stove grates;
C.清灰情况；
Dust cleaning;
D.有无事故发生及处理结果
Any accidents and processing results
11.3如运行中出现故障，运行人员必须准确判断尽快排除，不能决策的，应及时向领导
汇报，如遇到维修困难请及时与制造商联系。

In the case of any faults during operation, the operators shall estimate accurately, and solve any problems as soon as possible. If the operators cannot decide, please report it to the leader timely. In the event of repair difficulties, please contact the manufacturer at once.
11.4定期检查、保养Regular inspection and maintenance:
加热器运行1000小时或至多三个月后必须做一次全面检查，检查内容为：
An overall inspection shall be carried out after 1000-hour operation or three months at most, including:
A. 链条炉排、出渣机，上煤机、风机等配套辅机的运转、润滑和冷却是否正常；
Check whether or not the operation, lubrication and cooling of auxiliary machines are normal, such as stove grates, slag extractor, coal loader, air blower and so on;
B. 电气控制部分的运行是否正常，仪表的指示是否正确，有无失灵；
Check whether or not the operation of electrical control is normal, whether or not the indication of meters is correct and normal;
C. 墙是否有脱落、掉砖、短路现象；
Check whether or not the furnace wall shells, bricks fall off or short circuit occurs;
D. 温层的绝热状况是否良好；
Check whether or not the insulation of insulating layer is in good condition;
E. 密封性能是否正常；
Check whether or not the sealing performance is good;
F. 换热器工作是否正常。

Check whether or not the heat exchangers work normally.。