北京市2019学年高一上学期期末英语试卷含解析

高一上学期期末考试
英 语
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第I 卷（选择题）
一、完形填空
As a teenager, I was pretty lazy when it came to doing things for my family. I worked hard at school, and sometimes looked after my younger sister. Still, I found myself regularly resisting the urge to 1 out at home with even the simplest things.
Every Wednesday afternoon, for example, my mother 2 me to another town for a piano lesson. During my two-hour lesson, she'd rush to the nearby store and buy a week's worth of 3 . Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there, twelve miles back, 4 for my lesson, and bought me a candy bar, you'd think I'd be very 5 to help her bring the groceries into the house. 6 I wasn't. I generally just brought in an armload and left the 7 for Mom as I ran to my room, shut the door, and started studying.
Don't get me wrong: even back in my room, I felt 8 about not helping my mother more. Deep inside, I wanted to change my 9 But I also realized that once I did change, there'd be no going back. 10 I took on more responsibility, my parents would start 11 more of me. At age fifteen, I sensed that this one small change would 12 something much bigger: my personal change from a cared-for, spoiled (被宠坏的) child to a more 13 caring and giving young man.
I'll never forget the Wednesday when I made a(n) 14 to jump in and see what happened. Returning home from the 15 I disappeared into my room, as usual. But once inside, I felt that deep and burning 16 .Throwing my school books on the bed, I suddenly opened my door and 17 back to
the garage to help my mother. How happy I felt that day!
Surely, over time, I continued to help out with more housework. The neat thing was, the more I helped out, the 18 I felt about myself and my place in my family. As Mom and Dad realized they could 19
on me more, our trips became far less stressful, too. In short, it was a win-win situation for everyone.
Sometimes the little things we put off doing the longest 20 out to be the simplest things to complete. And feeling happy beats feeling guilty any day.
1．A ．start B ．cry C ．help D ．work 2．A ．sent B ．guided C ．walked D ．drove 3．A ．fruits B ．flowers C ．groceries D ．vegetables 4．A ．fought B ．paid C ．applied D ．planned 5．A ．grateful B ．nervous C ．confident D ．unwilling 6．A ．So B ．And C ．Thus D ．But
7．A ．one B ．other C ．next D ．rest
8．A ．excited B ．curious C ．doubtful D ．guilty 9．A ．way B ．world C ．career D ．shape 10．A ．Once B ．Though C ．Unless D ．Since
11．A ．warning B ．reminding C ．expecting D ．informing 12．A ．mark B ．tell C ．express D ．describe
13．A ．energetic B ．ambitious C ．outgoing D ．responsible 14．A ．excuse B ．decision C ．statement D ．appointment 15．A ．duty B ．lesson C ．store D ．holiday 16．A ．shame B ．anger C ．delight D ．pleasure 17．A ．called B ．looked C ．headed D ．handed 18．A ．smarter B ．better C ．warmer D ．stronger 19．A ．live B ．press C ．focus D ．count 20．A ．make B ．turn C ．point D ．bring 二、阅读理解
I am Henry Jekyll. I was born in the 1 800s. I inherited(继承) a large fortune, a healthy body and an excellent mind. I was naturally hard-working and soon I was very successful in my job. So the outside world saw a serious, hard-working, successful doctor. Behind this quiet character, however, was a wild, fun-loving, irresponsible young man. Both of them were me. They lived together in the same body.
“Was it possible," I wondered, “to find a drug that could give each side of my character its own separate face and body?"
此卷只装订
不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
After much thought and careful study I believed I had found the answer. I had read many scientific books and spent many hours in my laboratory, searching for the right mixture of chemicals to make my drug. At last I got everything ready.
Late one night, I mixed everything together and prepared my drug. I watched the smoke rising from the liquid as its color changed from red to purple and at last to green. Then, bravely, I drank every bitter drop.
I felt a violent sickness in my stomach and a terrible pain in all my bones. The room seemed to turn round and round and I trembled with fear. Then the fear and pain disappeared and a strange, sweet feeling took its place. Wild thoughts danced through my mind- the wild passions of an evil and cruel stranger. But inside myself I felt younger, light er, more carefree than ever before. "If this is pure evil," I thought, “I like it.”
I stood there, enjoying these strange new thoughts and passions and suddenly realized that I was shorter. So I decided to go to my bedroom in my new body and take a look at myself in the mirror there. As I came into my room, I saw Edward Hyde for the first time.
At that time, the good side of my character was stronger than the evil side. Henry Jekyll had his faults, but he was mostly a good, kind man. I believe that is the reason why Edward Hyde was so much smaller than Henry Jekyll. But that was not the only difference between the two men. Henry Jekyll had a kind, open, honest face. But pure evil stared out of Edward Hyde's eyes. I felt no dislike, however. Indeed, I welcomed him. Edward Hyde was me, young and strong and full of life.
21．In others' eyes, the writer was _____________.
A．wild and successful B．fun-loving and responsible
C．serious and hard-working D．quiet and irresponsible
22．The writer wanted to find a drug to _____________.
A．discover the right mixture of chemicals
B．observe the change of the chemicals
C．create separate bodies for both sides
D．make himself smaller but stronger
23．From the passage we can learn that the writer _____________.
A．was satisfied with both of his bodies
B．preferred kind Henry to pure evil Edward
C．was very sick of the shorter Edward Hyde
D．felt quite delighted right after taking the drug
Envelope Budget
From McDonald's to Sonic, fast food had a bad effect on my waistline and my budget. It was nothing to run to a drive-through to pick up a cold drink or a quick bite to eat. It was so easy to use my card for a small purchase. For me, I got a lot of satisfaction from fast food.
One day I sat down and calculated that I was spending a surprising $40 a week on fast food. This was a lot of iced coffee and hamburgers! Instead of reducing my guilty pleasures, I decided to give myself a strong budget to reduce my consumption. Every Monday I placed an envelope with $20 in my purse. That was my fast food budget for the entire week. If there was anything left over at the end of the week, it was mine to save or spend. If I spent all of the money during the week, there were no more fast food stops that week.
The budget made me more mindful of my purchases. Instead of purchasing a large drink from Sonic, I would purchase a small. It was sill satisfying but not nearly as pricey. Instead of eating a whole meal, I would pick the part that I actually wanted. Many days, the thought of hanging onto the money for a special purpose meant more to me than the instant satisfaction of fast food. I never really felt unhappy because it was a conscious choice to spend or save with each purchase.
Envelope budget kept me honest. I had a clear idea how much money was spent each week on fast food purchases. I started to bring my lunches more often to save more money for the week. It was a fun challenge to see how much I could save every week.
Changing the way I spent on fast food not only helped my budget, but improved my weight. In the first month I was able to get rid of 5 pounds by simply changing the way I approached spending on fast food. Now I am more likely to bring my lunch than to buy it. I am not upset, but empowered to make positive choices to improve my life.
24．According to Paragraph 1, the author _____________.
A．was fond of fast food very much
B．had no time to cook for herself
C．lived with a small amount of money
D．got some benefits from using her card
25．The author set her envelope budget to _____________.
A．buy fast food at a good bargain
B．save money to buy more fast food
C．get rid of the habit of eating fast food
D．make fast food spending under control
26．We can infer from the last paragraph that _____________.
A．it is unusual to make some changes
B．the budget means a pressure on life
C．envelope budget is good for health
D．it is hard to enjoy a healthy lifestyle
27．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Why the author became addicted to fast food.
B．How envelope budget changed the author's life.
C．How fast food controlled the author's behavior.
D．Why the author took envelope budget seriously.
Senses That Work Together
When we think about how our senses work, we usually imagine them operating separately: you sniff a flower, and the smell is delivered uninterrupted from nose to brain. However, it's more complex than that. Most evidence for cross modal perception (知觉) comes from studies into sound and vision (视觉). But research that shows other senses crossing over is coming out all the time, and it seems that even sound and smell sometimes form an unlikely pairing.
When New York researchers, Daniel Wesson and Donald Wilson, tried to find out the truth about a "mysterious” area of the brain called the olfactory tubercle, they had to deal with this fact. Originally, they only intended to measure how olfactory tubercle cells in mice responded to smell. But during testing, Wesson noticed that every time he put his coffee cup down, the mouse cells jumped in activity. In fact, the olfactory tubercle is well-placed to receive both smell and sound information from the outside world. Later they found that among separate cells, most responded to a smell but a significant number were also active when a sound was made. Some cells even behaved differently when smell and sound were presented together, by increasing or decreasing their activity.
Of course, mice aren't people, so research team has been carrying out further experiments. They pulled together a group of people and gave them various drinks to smell. Participants were asked to sniff the drinks, and then match them to appropriate musical instruments and produce the notes at different levels. The results were interesting: piano was regularly paired with fruity fragrances; strong smells sounded like the instruments that are made of metal.
Further research found that listening to different sounds can change your perceptions. Studying taste this time, the team ordered some special toffee (太妃糖) and put together “soundscapes” corresponding to bitterness and sweetness. Participants tasted similar pieces of toffee while listening to each soundscape, and found the toffee more bitter or sweeter, depending on which soundrack they were listening to.
Studies like this are helping scientists correctly describe our understanding of the senses, and how the brain combines them with its advantage. The consequences are worth considering. Could we see musicians work together with chefs to produce sound-improved food and drink? Will you be ordering a coffee with a soundrack to bring out your favorite smell? Come to think of it, that could be one thing you hope coffee shop chains don’t get round to.
28．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．A lot of research focuses on the senses.
B．There can be a link between sound and smell.
C．Sound and vision are relatively easy to study.
D．Evidence about the way senses work is hard to obtain.
29．In Wesson and Wilson's research,__________.
A．the mice were affected more significantly by sound
B．the result confirmed what the researchers had suspected
C．the connection between sound and smell was found by chance
D．the mice seemed to be afraid of certain sounds or smells
30．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A．Participants took an active part in the experiments.
B．The purpose of the further experiments was totally different.
C．The result failed to support what was found in previous experiments.
D．Experiments showed that links between sound and smell were consistent.
31．How does the author feel about the effect of the research?
A．She is surprised at the recent developments.
B．She is excited about the creative chances.
C．She is convinced that the findings will be used soon.
D．She is worried about how the knowledge can be applied.
Work and the Young: Generation Jobless
“YOUNG people ought not to be idl e (闲置的) . It is very bad for them," said MargaretThatcher in 1984. She was right: there are few worse things that society can do to its young than to leave them ignored.
Yet more young people are idle than ever. The International Labour Organization reports that 75m (m=million) young people globally are looking for a job. World Bank surveys suggest that 262m young people are economically inactive. The number of young people without a job is nearly as large as the population of America (311m).
Two factors play a big part. First, the long slowdown in the West has reduced demand for labour, and it is easier to put off hiring young people than it is to fire older workers. Second, inemerging economies population growth is the fastest in countries with disordered labour markets, such as India and Egypt.
One possible way to settle this problem is to stimulate growth. That is easier said than done in a world suffering from debt, and is anyway a possible answer. The countries where the problem is worst (such as Spain and Egypt) suffered from high youth unemployment even when their economies were growing. Throughout the recession ( 经济不景气)，companies have continued to complain that they cannot find young people with the right skills. This underlines the importance of two other solutions: reforming labour markets and improving education.
Youth unemployment is often at its worst in countries with inflexible labour markets. High taxes on hiring, strict rules about firing, high minimum wages: all these help force young people to the street corner. South Africa has some of the highest unemployment, in part because it has powerful trade unions and inflexible rules about hiring and firing. Many countries with high youth unemployment rate have high minimum wages and heavy taxes on labour. India has around 200 laws on work and pay.
Across the OECD (经合组织) , people who left school at the earliest opportunity are twice as likely to be unemployed as university graduates. But it is unwise to conclude that governments should simply continue increasing the number of people who graduate from university. In both Britain and the United States many people with arts degrees are finding it impossible to get appropriate jobs. In North Africa university graduates are twice as likely to be unemployed as non-graduates.
What matters is not just number of years of education people get, but its content. This means expanding the study of science and technology and closing the gap between the world of education and the world of work-for example by upgrading vocational education and by building closer relations between companies and schools. Germany, which has the second lowest level of youth unemployment in the rich world, owns long-history system of vocational schooling and apprenticeships (学徒制).
The problem of youth unemployment has been getting worse for several years. But there are at last some reasons for hope. Governments are trying to address the mismatch between education and the labour market. Companies are beginning to take more responsibility for the young. The world has a real chance of introducing an education-and-training revolution worthy of the solution to the problem.
32．According to the passage, which of the following statements may the author approve of ?
A．A flexible labour market is not enough to raise youth employment.
B．As long as the economy grows youth unemployment will soon be settled.
C．Firms fire more older workers than the young in the economic slowdown.
D．Powerful trade unions and high minimum wages lead to high employment.
33．The author mentioned the German's education system in order to show_____________.
A．rich countries are responsible for high youth unemployment
B．the problem of youth unemployment has been settled
C．companies have more responsibilities to settle youth unemployment
D．the match between education and the labour market can reduce youth unemployment
34．What does the underlined phrase "vocational education” mean in Para.7 ?
A．Technical training
B．Higher education
C．Moral education
D．Business courses
35．The passage mainly talks about _____________.
A．the need for labour market revolution
B．possible ways to settle global youth unemployment
C．the relations between education and employment
D．factors contributing to low youth unemployment
第II卷（非选择题）
三、其他
36．Parties at Bruno's house were always dominated by Grandmother's singing, which for some reason always seemed to ___________ the moment when Mother moved from the main party area to the kitchen, followed by some of her own friends.
A．put up with B．coincide with
C．come up with D．contradict
37．However, Mother and Father's voices were muffled and hard to___________, Grandfather's was not to be heard at all, while grandmother's was surprisingly blurred.
A．comment on B．make sense
C．make out D．weigh up
38．The pyjama people all jumped to attention whenever the soldiers ___________ and sometimes they fell to the ground and sometimes they didn't even get up and had to be carried away instead.
A．assumed B．saluted
C．vanished D．approached
39．"Poland,' said Bruno thoughtfully, ___________ the word on his tongue.
A．weighing up B．making up for
C．insisting D．winding up
40．An hour before the Fury ___________ Gretel and Bruno were brought downstairs, where they received a rare invitation into Father's office.
A．soaked up the applause of the guests B．showed off
C．erupted in excitement D．was due to arrive
41．Shmuel watched him do this and ___________ nervously. "I have to go back,' he said.
A．phrased the question B．backed away
C．shrugged his shoulders D．steadied himself
42．Every afternoon when classes were finished Bruno took the long walk along the fence and sat and talked with his new friend Shmuel until it was time to come home, and that had started to___________all the times he had missed Berlin.
A．run into B．march into
C．make up for D．glare at
43．‘We're not close, my father and I,' said Lieutenant Kotler quickly, looking around the table as if
he___________. ‘Really, we haven't spoken in years.'
A．was particularly impressed B．stayed rooted to the ground
C．felt increasingly fed up D．owed everyone an explanation
44．Gretel opened her mouth and stared at him before_____________. ‘An imaginary friend!' she cried.
'Aren't you a little old for an imaginary friend?'
A．taking a deep breath B．breaking into a laugh
C．exploding D．trembling
45．He sat in the living room for several hours but couldn't concentrate on his book and didn't dare to go back to the kitchen until later that evening, when lieutenant Kotler had already come back and ___________ Shmuel and taken him away again.
A．collected B．investigated
C．irritated D．confirmed 四、单词拼写
请根据提示，用单词的正确形式填空。

46．He kicks the ball with great a_________________.
47．The students were told to c_______________ solve the problem.
48．The i_______________ reporter made a lot of mistakes the first week on the job.
49．We're trying to p______________ Michael that taking breaks from work is important.
50．There are many websites that allow you to watch movies without d______________ them.
51．I'm so g______________ to have a good friend like you.
52．The northern lights over Alaska are an e_______________ sight to see!
53．It's important to protect yourself from the h_______________ effects of the sun.
54．Owls have a k______________ sense of hearing.
55．Our family trip to Thailand was a very m______________ experience.
56．I have an u_________ message. Call me back as soon as possible.
57．Lila's education classes helped her gain some i______________ into the minds of preschoolers. 58．Many books are written, but not all are p______________.
59．Koalas have a r______________ for sleeping a lot.
60．The public library here has a great art e______________ in the reading room.
61．Dogs are l_______________ to their owners.
62．Good proofreaders carefully s______________ documents for mistakes before publication. 63．There was a whole s__________ of events that led me to study medicine.
64．After losing the championship, the whole team was p_______________ and emotionally exhausted. 65．I didn't like his old songs, but his new songs are r_______________.
66．Time spent with one's family is p________________. You can never get that time back.
67．Most of the building was d_______________ by the big fire.
68．I wanted to take part in the wedding, but I didn't receive an i______________.
69．The volunteers c_______________ huge amounts of time to the school decoration. 70．Nowadays many teenagers d______________ their rooms with pop stars posters.
71．At a traditional Chinese wedding c__________ the bride usually wears red clothes.
72．The children seriously list the gifts they want in the letter to Santa Claus and put it into the
e_______________ for mom to post.
73．When I was admitted to the university, my family c_______________ me on my excellent performance. 74．After a 5-hour bus ride we reached our d______________ tired and hungry.
75．They have just got married and bought a house in Beijing. They will s______________ in the modern city.
76．Too much noise will a______________ our health.
77．Thailand has a lot of tourist attractions, so t_______________ is a major source of income for the people there.
78．The Forbidden City is in c_______________ Beijing.
79．The plane c_______________ into the mountain, but the pilot managed to survive.
80．When I got there, they were p______________ their luggage in the room.
81．The World Trade Center was a______________ by terrorists and fell to the ground.
82．When you have set your goals, you can get to work and_______ (看着你的努力得到回报).
83．It is the perfect setting to_________________(让人们的想象力恣意驰骋).
84．Images of cranberry sauce and pumpkin pie_______________(闪过我的脑海).
85．The style of the speech is notable because it is so_______________(简洁而简单)
86．The sculptures are large but_______________ (有精致的外表).
五、汉译英
翻译句子
87．她的父亲是一个特别体贴的人，他总能让她感受到他的爱。

88．Jenna项链上的水晶像钻石一样闪亮。

89．林老师正在寻找方法使全体学生都参与到班级课题。

90．许多人对互联网的未来感到乐观。

91．我想申请一个当运动会志愿者的机会。

92．只要我们努力，我们的梦想迟早会实现。

六、提纲类作文
93．假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter对中国文化很感兴趣，来信请你介绍一个中国的节日，你给他回信，内容包括：
1. 节日的名称及选择此节日的原因
2. 节日的庆祝活动
________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________
英语答案
1． C
2． D
3． C
4． B
5． A
6． D
7． D
8． D
9． A
10． A
11． C
12． A
13． D
14． B
15． B
16． A
17． C
18． B
19． D
20． B
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。

作者讲述了自己之前不喜欢帮妈妈做家务，后来却从一个被照顾，被宠坏的小孩成长到一个负责任的，关爱他人的年轻人，在家里的地位也提高了，每个人都其乐融融。

最终作者感悟到有时候我们推迟做的时间最长的小事结果是做起来最简单的。

1．考查动词辨析。

A. start开始；B. cry out大声哭喊，大声抱怨；C. help out帮忙；D. work out计算出，制定出，锻炼。

根据上文，当谈到为家人做事情，作者小时候是很懒的，甚至是最简单的事情，都经常抵制要帮忙的欲望。

故C选项正确。

2．考查动词辨析。

A. sent派送；B. guided引导；C. walked走；D. drove开车。

根据下文Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there可知，妈妈开车12英里把我送到那里。

故D选项正确。

3．考查名词辨析。

A. fruits水果；B. flowers花；C. groceries杂货；D. vegetables蔬菜。

根据下文you'd think I'd be very___5___ to help her bring the groceries into the house.可知，妈妈买的是杂货。

故C选项正确。

4．考查动词辨析。

A. fought战斗；B. paid支付；C. applied申请；D. planned计划。

根据语境，作者在讲妈妈对他好，开车12英里把他送去上课，又开车12英里接回来，为他的钢琴课付钱，还给他买糖果。

故B选项正确。

5．考查形容词辨析。

A. grateful感激的；B. nervous紧张的；C. confident自信的；D. unwilling不情愿的。

根据上文妈妈对自己的好，你会认为我会感激她而帮她把东西提进屋。

故A选项正确。

6．考查连词辨析。

A. So因此；B. And和；C. Thus那么；D. But但是。

根据上下文，可知此处表转折。

故D选项正确。

7．考查代词辨析。

A. one一个；B. other其它；C. next下一个；D. rest剩余部分。

句意：我只是提些东西进来，而把其余的留给妈妈。

the rest其余的故D选项正确。

8．考查形容词辨析。

A. excited激动的；B. curious好奇的；C. doubtful疑惑的；D. guilty内疚的。

句意：不要误解我，甚至回到屋里，我就因为没有帮妈妈更多而内疚。

故D选项正确。

9．考查名词辨析。

A. way方式；B. world世界；C. career事业；D. shape形状。

根据题意，内心深处，我想改变我的方式，而不是形状，事业，也不是世界。

故A选项正确。

10．考查连词辨析。

A. Once一旦；B. Though虽然；C. Unless除非；D. Since既然。

根据上文that once I did change，there'd be no going back.可知，下文也是假设，要填once。

句意：一旦我承担了更多的责任，我的父母就会对我期待更多。

故A选项正确。

11．考查动词辨析。

A. warning警告；B. reminding提醒；C. expecting期待；D. informing通知。

句意：一旦我承担了更多的责任，我的父母就会对我期待更多。

故C选项正确。

12．考查动词辨析。

A. mark标志；B. tell告诉；C. express表达；D. describe描述。

句意：我感觉出这个小的改变将会标志着更重大的事情。

故A选项正确。

13．考查形容词辨析。

A. energetic精力充沛的；B. ambitious有雄心的；C. outgoing外向的；D. responsible 负责的。

句意：我的个人变化从一个受人呵护、被宠坏的孩子，变成了一个更有责任感、更乐于助人的年轻人。

可知作者的变化是人的品质的改变，而不是性格特征的改变。

故D选项正确。

14．考查名词辨析。

A. excuse借口；B. decision决定；C. statement声明；D. appointment约会。

句意：那时候我决定跳进来看看发生了什么事。

make a decision做决定。

故B选项正确。

15．考查名词辨析。

A. duty义务；B. lesson课；C. store商店；D. holiday假期。

句意：像往常一样，上课回家后，我就消失进了我的房间。

故B选项正确。

16．考查名词辨析。

A. shame羞耻；B. anger愤怒；C. delight快乐；D. pleasure乐趣。

句意：但是一旦进了房间，我就感到那深深的，火辣辣的羞愧。

故A选项正确。

17．考查动词辨析。

A. called喊叫；B. looked看；C. headed朝某方向前进；D. handed递给。

句意：把书扔到床上，我突然打开门朝车库走去，回去帮妈妈。

故C选项正确。

18．考查形容词辨析。

A. smarter更聪明；B. better更好；C. warmer更温暖；D. stronger更强壮。

句意：有趣的是，我帮助的越多，我对自己和我在家庭中的地位感觉越好。

故B选项正确。

19．考查动词辨析。

A. live on靠什么为生；B. press on加紧；C. focus on集中；D. count on依赖依靠。

句意：当妈妈和爸爸意识到他们可以更多地依赖我，我们的旅行也变得不那么有压力了。

故D选项正确。

20．考查动词辨析。

A. make out辨认出；B. turn out结果是，证明是；C. point out 指出；D. bring out 使显露出。

句意：有时候我们推迟做的时间最长的小事结果是做起来最简单的。

故B选项正确。

【点睛】
完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。

同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。

例如，第1小题要求判断出作者经常抵制做什么的欲望。

根据上文，当谈到为家人做事情，作者小时候是很懒的，甚至是最简单的事情，再结合选项A. start开始；B. cry out 大声哭喊，大声抱怨；C. help out帮忙；D. work out计算出，制定出，锻炼。

由此可知，作者经常抵制要帮忙的欲望。

故C选项正确。

21． C
22． C
23． A
【解析】
【分析】
本文为科幻故事。

作者是一个外表严肃、勤奋、成功的年轻医生，而内心又是一个狂野、有趣、不负责任的人。

有一天，他发明了能为他性格两面创造出独立身体的药物。

21．细节理解题。

根据第一段中的So the outside world saw a serious, hard-working, successful doctor.可知，作者在外人眼中是一个严肃、勤奋、成功的医生。

故C选项正确。

22．推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“Was it possible,” I wondered, “to find a drug that could give each side of my character its own separate face and body?”（我想知道，找到一种能让我性格的每一面都有自己的脸和身体的药是可能的吗？）可推知，作者想找一种药物来为两种性格创造不同的身体。

故C选项正确。

23．推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的Henry Jekyll had a kind, open, honest face. But pure evil stared out of Edward Hyde’s eyes. I felt no dislike, however. Indeed, I welcomed him. Edward Hyde was me, young and strong and full of life.（Henry Jekyll有开放而诚实的脸孔。

但是，纯粹的邪恶从Edward Hyde的眼睛里瞪了出来。

然而，我并不觉得讨厌。

的确，我欢迎他。

Edward Hyde是我，年轻强壮、充满活力）可推知，作者对他的两个独立的个体还是很满意的。

故A选项正确。

【点睛】
细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。

它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。

直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。

此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。

定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。

跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。

以本文第1小题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干中In others' eyes, the writer was ________，其关键词是In others' eyes，从而直接定位到含有In others' eyes的同义词的文段——第一段中的So the outside world saw a serious, hard-working, successful doctor.由此可知，作者在外人眼中是一个严肃、勤奋、成功的医生。

故C选项正确。

24． A
25． D
26． C
27． B
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。

文章讲述了作者决心在钱包里放上装有20美金的信封来进行经济预算，不但减少了快餐开支，更改善了体重。

24．细节理解题。

根据第一段中的For me，I got a lot of satisfaction from fast food可知，作者从快餐中会得到满足感，推知他十分喜欢快餐。

故A选项正确。

25．细节理解题。

根据第二段中的I decided to give myself a strong budget to reduce my consumption．Every Monday I placed an envelope with﹩20 in my purse可知，作者设定了她的信封预算，以控制快餐支出。

故D选项正确。

26．推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的Changing the way I spent on fast food not only helped my budget, but improved my weight.可知，作者通过经济预算，这个不但减少了快餐开支，更改善了体重。

由此我们推断，信封预算对健康有好处。

故C选项正确。

27．推理判断题。

由全文内容可知，作者主要讲述了信封预算是如何改变了自己生活的故事。

故B 选项正确。

28． B
29． C
30． D
31． B
【解析】
【分析】
本文为议论文。

当我们思考我们的感官是如何工作的时候，我们通常会想象它们是分开运作的：
你嗅一朵花，气味从鼻子到大脑都不受干扰。

然而，它比这要复杂得多。

大多数关于跨模式感知的证据来自对声音和视觉的研究。

本文对这一观点进行了论述。

28．词义猜测题。

根据第二段中的But research that shows other senses crossing over is coming out all the time，and it seems that even sound and smell sometimes form an unlikely pairing.可知，研究者表明其他的crossing over感知正在不断出现，看起来，即使是声音和气味，有时也会形成一个不太可能的配对。

可知划线词的意思是“声音和气味之间可能有联系”。

故B选项正确。

29．推理判断题。

根据第三段中Originally, they only intended to measure how olfactory tubercle cells in mice responded to smell. But during testing, Wesson noticed that every time he put his coffee cup down, the mouse cells jumped in activity.可推知，声音和气味之间的联系是偶然发现的。

故C选项正确。

30．段落大意题。

根据第三段最后一句In fact, the olfactory tubercle is well－placed to receive both smell and sound information from the outside world.可知，实验表明声音和气味之间的联系是一致的。

故D 选项正确。

31．推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的Studies like this are helping scientists correctly describe our understanding of the senses, and how the brain combines them with its advantage. The consequences are worth considering. 可知，作者对具有创造性的机会感兴趣。

故B选项正确。

【点睛】
做词义猜测题时，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境想当然。

在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义。

本题第1小题，根据第二段But research that shows other senses crossing over is coming out all the time, and it seems that even sound and smell sometimes form an unlikely pairing.可知，研究者表明其他的crossing over感知正在不断出现，看起来，即使是声音和气味，有时也会形成一个不太可能的配对。

可知划线词的意思是“声音和气味之间可能有联系。

”故B选项正确。

32． A
33． D
34． A
35． B
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。

经济发展迟缓以及劳动力市场运转不佳导致全球性青年失业大潮。

解决问题的关键在于解除对劳动力市场的管制，改革教育体制使其培养企业所急需的人才。

32．考查细节理解。

第五段Youth unemployment is often at its worst in countries with inflexible labour markets.（在劳动力市场缺乏弹性的国家，年轻人的失业率通常是最高的），第六段则是介绍了另一种情况，根据第六段中的前三句可知，英国和美国即使拥有灵活的劳动力市场，失业率仍然偏高。

故A选项正确。

33．推理判断题。

根据第七段中的What matters is not just number of years of education people get, but its content. This means expanding the study of science and technology and closing the gap between the world of education and the world of work-for（重要的不只是人们受教育的年限，还有教育的内容。

这意味着要扩大对科学技术的研究，缩小教育世界和工作世界之间的差距），随即举德国是发达国家中青年失业率第二低的国家，拥有悠久的职业教育和学徒制度。

由此可知，教育和劳动力市场的匹配可以降低年轻人的失业率。

故D选项正确。

34．词义猜测题。

根据第七段中的This means expanding the study of science and technology and closing the gap between the world of education and the world of work（这意味着要扩大对科学技术的研究，缩小教育世界和工作世界之间的差距）可推知，by upgrading vocational education and by building closer relations between companies and schools.意为“提升职业教育水平，加强公司与学校之间的联系”。

vocational education为“职业教育”之意。

故A选项正确。

35．推理判断题。

通读全文可知，本文介绍了目前全球青年失业率较高，探讨了一些解决全球青年失业问题的可能途径。

故B选项正确。

36． B
37． C
38． D。