2014届上海崇明县高三第一学期期末考试文科语文试卷B
上海市崇明县2014届高三第一学期期末考试英语试卷(纯word版)
崇明县2013学年第一学期期末考试试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection A(A)A friendly dog named Bonnie, who also happens to be deaf, is being praised by her owner for(25)_____(help) him catch a suspected intruder in their home.Dan Strasser said he heard Bonnie running around the living room at about 6 a.m. Saturday, so he got out of bed to see (26)_____ she was so excited. He said Bonnie didn’t bark or bite like a guard dog, but (27)_____ she behaved was enough to alert him.When Strasser walked into the living room, he caught the intruder (28)_____(try) to steal his computer. The man took off, but instead of running out of the back door (29)_____ he came in, he accidentally ran into the garage and (30)_____(seize) there.Strasser grabbed his gun and held the intruder in the garage while his girlfriend called 911. Police showed up and arrested the intruder, whom they later identified (31)_____ Thomas Lowell, who was accused in court Monday of burglary(入室行窃) and possession of drug. He is due back in court on Oct. 2nd.Strasser said Lowell got in through the back door, which he kept open at night so that Bonnie (32)_____ get into the backyard. He plans to keep it (33)_____(lock) from now on.(B)The first-ever American Laughing Championship is taking place in San Diego. The contest is the first national championship in the US, (34)_____ Canadian filmmaker, Albert Nerenberg, has previously organized national laughing contests in Canada and Japan and a state championship in California back in 2010. The contest requires the chosen laughers to face off against each other as the audience determines who has (35)_____(attractive) laugh. Daunte Reed is one of about twelve people competing in the contest. He is hoping to be a winner of the title of top laugher. “I’ve been told I hav e (36)_____ attractive laugh. (37)_____ doesn’t take much to make me laugh,” Reed said.The contest includes the belly laugh, the crazy laugh and the diabolical(魔鬼般的) laugh. The last one is the most challenging, according to Nerenberg, who said the goal is (38)_____(make) the audience laugh with your laugh. The solo(单独的) laughing requires a good voice. However, the other laugh styles require someone to get the audience laughing; a good diabolical laugh requires the laugher to infect himself and start laughing naturally,” he explained.“The person who wins isn’t always the best, but the top three people are always the best. It is more joy (39)_____ these people bring to the world. They tend to be happy types. We (40)_____(never have) a sad person win so far,” he added.高三英语共10页第1页The idea of the youth hostel(旅社) started with one man: Richard Schirrmann (1874-1961), a German school teacher, who felt that there was a need for overnight accommodation for his students in order that they could see new things and have new experiences outside the 41 .He felt that one learns by observing, and tried to make his dream come true in the year 1909, when he started providing accommodation for his students in inns, farmhouses and the like.The first youth hostel was opened in Schirrmann’s own school in Altena, after which it was 42 by a permanent hostel in Altena Castle. Schirrmann went on to 43 the German Youth Hostel Association in the year 1919. By this time, the idea of the youth hostel had 44 far and wide, all over the lands of Europe and further.And then, in the year 1932, a(n) 45 organization called the International Youth Hostel was founded in Amsterdam, which consisted of youth hostels from Switzerland, Germany, Poland, the Netherlands, Norway, Britain, Ireland, France, Czechoslovakia, Denmark and Belgium. Richard Schirrmann became its chairman in 1933.The idea of the youth hostel is for young people who are on nature trips to get 46 accommodation in exchange for some money and a helping hand with the domestic chores(家务活). These hostels were said to build character and a sense of independence, as the youth who stayed in them got the 47 to see how other people lived as well as to help to do work.Youth hostels are also places to meet and make new friends. They have no class 48 and everyone has to do their share. Here, wealth and position does not help you gain 49 , but friendliness does. The friendlier you are, the more you learn from the 50 of staying in a youth hostel.III. Reading Comprehension高三英语共10页第2页After trying the video conference, Diana Rae says she would be 62 to pay the $35 when she was recently home with a bad cold. “I would have paid twice that for the 63 of getting taken care of without having to sit in a waiting room, wait, and get 64 everyone else’s germs,” Rae said.Franciscan operates hospitals and clinics and has a deal with a company called Carena to add effective urgent care by Skype or phone. Carena is one of several companies doing this kind of work around the country. But a company official says state rules have not kept 65 with developments in telemedicine.51. A. rested B. existed C. survived D. vanished52. A. keeping B. occupying C. striking D. raising53. A. offer B. advertise C. prohibit D. criticize54. A. predicted B. published C. demonstrated D. claimed55. A. symptoms B. emotions C. medicines D. coughs56. A. mistake B. infection C. experience D. sense57. A. heart B. security C. drug D. health58. A. pay B. cancel C. replace D. include59. A. necessary B. smart C. hard D. safe60. A. hospitals B. doctors C. alternatives D. networks61. A. charges B. costs C. pays D. provides62. A. happy B. reluctant C. excited D. surprised63. A. delight B. convenience C. significance D. embarrassment64. A. infected with B. exposed to C. shocked at D. fascinated by65. A. contact B. company C. progress D. communicationSection B（A）At age 11, Zlata Filipovic saw things that most people pray they never see. Growing up in the middle of a war zone, this little girl experienced firsthand the horrors of war.Filipovic turned 11 in December of 1991. Five months later Serbian soldiers a ttacked Filipovic’s hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia. While many people fled the city, Filipovic’s family stayed. Some of the worst moments of the Bosnian conflict would take place right under her nose. How did Filipovic deal with his harrowing experience? By writing a diary.Zlata’s Diary was first published in the summer of 1993 by UNICEF (United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund). It attracted enormous interest. Her writings on the Bosnian conflict were not as sophisticated(老练的) as the daily news reports. Filipovic’s observations were, however, more moving and intimate(私人的).Ztala’s Diary gave readers a sense of sympathy for the ordinary people stuck in the Balkan region. Filipovic’s writings raised world awareness of the senseless conflict in Sarajevo. “I see that things aren’t good here,” Filipovic writes. “An ugly war is taking away my childhood.”After two years of enduring the war in Sarajevo, Filipovic’s family escaped to Paris in December of 1993. Zlata’s Diary was then printed by an international publisher. It became an instant bestseller. It has since been translated into 35 languages.高三英语共10页第3页Outside Bosnia, Filipovic continued to show deep concern for her torn homeland. In the following years, she gave many talks on the impact of war on children. She spoke often about the need for a stable, lasting peace in the Balkan region.Filipovic eventually attended a British University and received a degree in human sciences. Today, the well-being of the Balkan region remains on her mind. Now Filipovic wants to use her experience to promote peace in a rapidly changing Europe. She hopes that her stories of war will make people listen to her message of peace.66. The underlined word “harrowing” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “______”.A. desperateB. miserableC. embarrassingD. revolutionary67. What was special about Zlata’s Diary?A. It wrote about war in different languages.B. It was as attractive as the daily news report.C. It helped the world see war through the eyes of a child.D. It made the world know better about the Bosnian conflict.68. It can be learned from the passage that ______.A. Zlata was promoting peace with her stories of warB. Zlata’s nose was seriously wounded in the conflictC. Zlata kept her diary a secret until the winter of 1993D. Zlata felt relieved after escaping from the war in Sarajevo69. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Zlata Filipovic: growing up in warB. Zlata Filipovic: writing against warC. Zlata Filipovic: changing the worldD. Zlata Filipovic: loving peace in heart（B）高三英语共10页第4页For room-to-room calls, dial 8 + room number, e.g. 8308.To call the room from outside, dial 61208308.◆TelevisionTelevision channels have been set up as shown on the TV programme. If you have any problem watching TV, please dial 8003.◆Room CleaningWe provide house keeping once in a day. If you want to have your room cleaned at a certain time, please contact house keeping at 8001.◆LaundryItems received before 10:00 will be returned in the afternoon (before 15:00) of the next day. If you need urgent service, please dial 8002.◆Towels and SlippersPlease do not remove the towels or slippers from your room as towels and slippers are provided at the pool. Do not use the towel for any inappropriate purposes. You will be required to compensate(赔偿) for damages caused by misuse.◆Power SafetyIt is strictly forbidden to dry clothes over lampshades, which may cause a fire.◆PetsPets are not allowed in any parts of the hotel. We thank you for your understanding and cooperation.70. Scott, who is staying in Room 609, wants to call his friend in Room 815 of the same hotel, heshould dial ______.A. 61208308.B. 8609.C. 8001.D. 8815.71. Mrs. Taylor is staying in Room 213 and needs to have her clothes washed immediately, she shoulddial ______.A. 8213.B. 8001.C. 8002.D. 8003.72. Which of the following practice is allowed for the guests in the hotel?A. Keeping the key card after check-out.B. Asking for extra house keeping service.C. Using the slippers in the room at the pool.D. Walking a pet dog in the garden of the hotel.73. Suppose the accommodation fee for a single room is $100 per day and Mr. Brown checked into thehotel at 21:00 on Jan. 5th and checked out at 15:00 on Jan. 8th, he should pay ______.A. $300.B. $350.C. $400.D. $450.（C）Foreseeing a time when a patient’s own cells may be harvested, multiplied, and fashioned into a replacement organ, researchers in Boston have successfully transplanted laboratory grown bladders(肾) into six dogs.For a century, physicians have replaced diseased or damaged bladders by removing sections of a person’s intestines(肠子) and shaping them into a substitute bladder. While the procedure offers some高三英语共10页第5页relief to patients, complications often develop because nature designs intestinal tissue for a purpose—absorbing nutrients—other than holding waste liquid of the body. “You start absorbing stuff that should be removed,” says Anthony Atala of the Children’s Hospital in Boston.Other physicians have turned to human-made materials to create artificial bladders, but those efforts have also run into problems. Consequently, to build a better bladder, Atala and his colleagues decided to employ the organ’s own cells.To turn the cells into an organ, the researchers first form plastic which can break down naturally into bladder-shaped shell. They then coat its outside and inside with layers of cells needed.To test this strategy, Atala’s group obtained bladder tissue from dogs and grew it into organs. After removing the dogs’ bladders, the investigators implanted(移植) the artificial ones coming from the dogs’ own cells. Within a month, the organs began to perform like normal bladders.Within three months, the plastic shells had broken down naturally, and the implanted organs were hard to distinguish from natural ones. Blood vessels(血管) quickly grew into them. Moreover, nerves seem to form proper connections with the new organs, allowing the dogs to regain normal control of their bladders. Some dogs have had the artificial bladders for nearly a year without any problems.While the bladders of dogs closely resemble those of people, Atala warns that more testing of this transplant strategy must occur before artificial bladders are ready for the clinic.74. The traditional method of shaping parts of intestines into a substitute bladder ______.A. brings the patient a lot of sufferingsB. allows the patient to absorb useless thingsC. prevents the patient from absorbing nutrientsD. worsens both the function of the intestines and the bladder75. The artificial bladders implanted in dogs ______.A. worked perfectly as long as three monthsB. did not work properly until after a monthC. proved to be able to work for several yearsD. began to work as well as a normal one in a few weeks76. Why is it suggested that more testing should be made?A. Human bladders may well be different from dogs’.B. Dogs’ bladders can be implanted into human bodies.C. What suits dogs’ bladders will also suit human bladders.D. Artificial bladders grown in dogs can be used for human beings.77. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The history of making artificial bladders.B. The way of turning intestines into bladders.C. The prospect of manufacturing plastic bladders.D. The possibility of making bladders from their own cells.Section CBritain’s youngest iPad addict(有瘾的人) hasn’t even started school yet. That’s right; a four-year-old girl is currently undergoing therapy after becoming addicted to playing games on her iPad.高三英语共10页第6页Receiving treatment at the Capio Nightingale Clinic, London, the little girl is said to have become increasingly distressed whenever her parents moved to take the iPad away. Medical help was sought after the girl’s withdrawal symptoms did not improve.Dr. Richard Graham, the girl’s psychiatrist(精神病医生), said: “In the year running up to contacting the clinic, the parents noticed her use of the iPad was increasing. She was using it three to four hours every day and showed increased anxiety if it was removed.”According to Dr. Graham, parents should strive to keep iPads and similar devices out of the reach of infants, believing that: “Children see all the pretty colours and they will want to use it too.”“There are concerns that toys are being replaced by the likes of iPads and smartphones, but children are not at a level of maturity to deal with such adva nced technology. They can’t cope and become addicted, reacting with bad temper and uncontrollable behavior when they are taken away. Then as they grow olde r, the problem only gets worse,” Dr. Graham told The Mirror.The UK’s first technology addiction programme was initiated by Dr. Graham three years ago. It’s designed to deal with those who become annoyed when deprived from their device. Motivation for creating the treatment programme came from a concern over the compulsive qualities of games available on iPads.Dr. Graham worries that this is not the only case of iPad addiction among young ones. It comes just after a five-year-old boy managed to cost his parents £1,700, by purchasing various add-ons for a game on the iPad.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. The case of the four-year-old girl is given to inform us of _________________________________.79. Why is it easier for children to be addicted to iPads?80. What caused Dr. Graham to launch t he UK’s first technology addiction programme?81. One lesson that can be drawn from the passage by parents of infants is that they should ______________________________________________________.第Ⅱ卷（共47分）I. Translation1. 应该允许孩子们表达他们自己的想法。
2014年上海市高三语文会考试卷(含答案)
2014年上海市普通高中学业水平考试语文试卷考生注意：1．试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟。
2．本考试分设试卷和答题纸。
试题分选择题和非选择题两种类型。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名、报名号、考场号和座位号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
4．作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。
选择题的作答必须涂在答题纸上相应的区域，非选择题的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。
一阅读（60分）(一）阅读下文，完成第1~4题。
（8分）①人们的生活实践要求彼此交际，相互交流经验、交流思想。
在没有文字的时候，人们只能利用语言来交际。
许多有经验（）有知识的人把他们的经验和知识，用简括凝□、便于记忆的语言固定下来，编成歌曲、口诀、故事等等，彼此相告，代代相传。
这就所谓的是“传说”。
②传说是靠口耳相传的。
它的基础是人的记忆，但是人的记忆总是有限的。
传说在被人们相互传述的时候，往往会有所遗漏或添加。
因此一个传说，经过若干人的口传以后，可能会变得离原样很远，内容的真实性也受到很大的影响。
③在远古时代，传说是人们获得知识的主要途径。
我们现在关于远古时代一鳞半爪的知识，也是靠着这种传说保留下来的。
有些最古的著作，例如古希腊史诗《伊里亚特》和《奥德赛》，当初就是这样流传下来的。
1.第①段的“（）”处标点使用正确的一项是（）。
（2分）A.破折号B.分号C.顿号D.逗号2.第①段的“□”处用字正确的一项是（）。
（2分）A.炼B.练C.拣D.冻3.“一鳞半爪”中加点字的注音正确的一项是（）。
（2分）A.Lín zhǎoB.lín zhuǎC.líng zhǎoD. líng zhuǎ4.结合文意，分析第②段中的“往往”一词在表达上的作用。
（2分）(二）阅读下文，完成第5~7题。
（9分）①诗生于大众，成于大众。
大众的原始表达是诗性特征生发的前提。
大众诗性表达的需求，是诗歌存在的依据。
崇明县高三第一学期期末考试语文试卷附答案
一阅读80分(一)阅读下文，完成第1－5题。
(16分)小中见大，盆景与山水画相通王世襄①盆景原为我国特有的一种园林艺术，有悠久的历史。
它在发展过程中，成为庭院布置、室内陈设的一个重要的构成部分，具有鲜明的民族特色和优美的造型风格。
经过文化交流，盆景对邻近国家也产生影响，并成为东方园艺的一个象征。
②关于盆景的历史，是一个值得考证和探讨的问题，随着考古材料的不断发现，今后一定能逐渐把这个问题搞清楚。
不过用推理来判断，应当先有盆栽后有盆景；盆景是当盆栽不能满足需要时，才进一步发展起来的。
它们的区别是：盆栽只是把植物栽种入盆。
盆景则着重在“景”，一件佳品必须是大自然美妙景色的缩影，而且更集中，更典型，能小中见大，可以身入其境，神游其间，故不是一览无遗，而是趣味隽永。
因此盆景显然是盆栽的提高和升华。
说到这里，必须指出，日本人把盆景称为“盆栽”，这是非常不恰当的，只能说明他们对盆景艺术的真谛还缺乏认识。
③今天常见的盆景大体上可以分为两类：（一）山水盆景，（二）树木盆景。
它们和山水画一样都是大自然的缩影，因此盆景和绘画从来都是相通的。
古代许多有关山水画的理论，不仅可以帮助我们去欣赏盆景，也可以辅导我们去制作培育盆景。
④元饶自然《绘宗十二忌》把“山无气脉”、“水无源流”列为两忌。
他主张作画“应先定一山为主，从主山分布起伏，余皆气脉相连，形势映带。
”在山水盆景选用石材时，同样应先定主山，然后再经营位置周围的峰峦岩石，使彼此气脉相连，顾盼有情。
至于山泉溪涧，只要位山得法，自然来源去流，转折皆活，使人仿佛可循流揽胜，直至山外的浅濑平沙。
⑤画山水有“三远”之说，即“高远、深远、平远”，具体的解释，几家还略有出入。
不过概括起来，不外乎指出画山水要把高度、深度和远度画出来。
制作一件山水盆景如同时能把这三远表现出来，自然是上品，即使不能，也不妨着重表现其中的一远或两远。
有这样的立意，自然要比漫无章法的任意堆砌要高明得多。
⑥树木盆景要求能用狭土浅壤培育出苍古矫健，姿态动人的老树来，树种以松柏为上。
上海市崇明县高三上学期期末考试语文试题.pdf
上海市崇明县2011-2012学年 考生注意： 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
考试时间150分钟。
试卷满分150分。
一、阅 读（80分） （一）阅读下文，完成第1－6题。
(17分) 柯布西耶建筑思想 1、柯布西耶关于光辉城市的20张规划图纸是针对哪些城市发展弊端而构画的？（3分） 2、第段中作者写到中世纪哥特式教堂的用意理解不正确的一项是 （2分） 说明朗香教堂与中世纪哥特式教堂都有复杂的特点。
通过对比突出朗香教堂的结构性复杂的更胜一筹。
通过比较说明朗香教堂是结构性复杂而细部简洁。
为了体现柯布西耶建筑思想的突破章法与众不同。
3、第段中视觉领域的听觉器件的含义是 （2分） 4、文中插入朗香教堂的图片的作用是 （2分） 5、概括朗香教堂独特性。
（4分） 6、《》中意在笔先，趣在法外，这一点也体现在柯布西耶的建筑创作中，请结合文意具体阐释。
（4分）7、第段连用两个竟然的表达效果是 （2分） 8、第段和第段中的划线句都描写了父亲对待口琴的态度，是否矛盾？。
（分） 9、口琴在的作用是 。
（2分） 10、对本文分析错误的两项是 、 （6分） 作者想象诗人眼里父亲坐在山坡上吹口琴的情景反衬出现实中的父亲吹口琴缺乏美感。
在作者过往的印象中父亲是一个木讷、本份、孤独、苦难的农民，改变了这一印象。
作者对于自己长期以来漠视了父亲的内心精神和思想的追求感到惭愧并很想有所弥补。
本文对父亲吹口琴时的神态、动作等进行细节描写，表现出父亲吹琴时的熟练与投入。
本文两处写到父亲呵呵地笑，流露出父亲对自己能吹奏出美妙的音乐的满足与自豪。
本文写妻子、弟弟、弟媳甚至公鸡、蝉等的鸦雀无声从侧面表现出父亲琴声的感染力。
11、第段划线句。
（分） 12、文中重点写了父亲用口琴吹奏三首乐曲《朝阳沟》、《梁祝》、《父亲和我》的场面，请简要分析作者在听三首乐曲时候的思想情感的变化。
2014年上海市高三各区一模作文题与立意
2014年上海市各区（县）高三年级第一学期期末质量抽查试卷（一模）语文试卷选编（作文题目与分析部分）目录普陀区 2杨浦区 2长宁区 3浦东新区 3嘉定区 4虹口区 4松江区 5徐汇区 5静安区 5黄浦区 6闵行区7闸北区7宝山区7金山区8青浦区8崇明县8注：本次整理暂缺奉贤区。
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普陀区【题目】28、作文对于未来，有人憧憬、有人茫然、有人畏惧……而英国哲学家C·S·刘易斯说：“未来就是某种每个人都会以每小时六十分钟的速率达到的所在，无论他干些什么，无论他是谁。
”对此你有怎样的思考？请选择一个角度，写一篇文章阐述你的见解。
要求：（1）自拟题目；（2）全文不少于800字；（3）不要写成诗歌【分析】本文旨在探讨“对未来的态度”。
对于未来，你可能憧憬，可能茫然，可能畏惧……还可能有多种多样的心态，而材料中给出的英国哲学家对于未来的看法，则带有一种“命定”的含义。
无论你在做什么，也无论你的身份是什么，未来总在那里，你总能到达。
理解了题干，我们可以沿着题干来拓宽自己的思路。
首先，你得明确自己对于“未来”这个词在心中的定位：1、你对未来憧憬——你憧憬的是什么？未来有哪些东西值得你憧憬？2、你对未来感到茫然——没什么不可以。
你的现实决定未来的大部分走向，凝聚出你感到茫然的“点”，你可以一一阐述。
3、你感到畏惧——你害怕社会太过现实？害怕自己长大得太快？害怕未来的某一天，你会遗失了本真的自己？4、其他心态——感受真实即可。
其次，不能把作文单单地停留在感受上，必须从感受上升到精神层面的“态度”上。
这时候英国哲学家的那段话就能够给你启示。
“未来”在你心中，究竟是“命定”的存在，还是可以通过充分发挥主观能动性去创造的“新世界”。
上海市崇明县级上学期期末考试含答案.doc
上海市崇明县级上学期期末考试含答案姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________一、填空题（共5题）1.去年今日此门中，____________，西北望，射天狼。
（《江城子·密州出猎》）【答案】会挽雕弓如满月难度：中等知识点：诗5.影布石上，__________________________________________________________________3、下列说法错误的一项是（）A虞世南、张睢阳、张方平”迄无佳文”,原因是读书不深入。
B写孔子、苏轼读书的事例，表明圣贤要有所成就必须勤奋苦读。
C选文中作者反对“过目能诵为能”的读书态度和方法。
D选文中作者主张深入探研书中的微言精义。
【答案】1、郑板桥（郑燮）寄给自己弟弟的第一封信2、读书把看了一遍便能背诵作为值得肯定的能力，这是最不中用的。
3、B难度：偏难知识点：现代文学类文本阅读2.母亲的血压宋跃辉1在牙痛的不断折磨下，母亲决定还是去牙防所拔牙。
可是，每当要手术时，牙医量了血压后，都说她血压太高，无法手术。
2牙防所离我家并不算太远，但是对于年迈的母亲来说，跑一趟来回还是颇费些心力的。
现在又经过这样几番折腾，她更怕再去了。
3平时母亲虽然有点高血压，可是并不严重，怎么一到牙防所，就高得这样吓人呢？母亲自己也不信，就去楼下一个诊所量血压，结果真的还比较理想，并不影响手术。
4上个礼拜，母亲说她又去了一次牙防所，说为了能够手术还特意服了镇静药，说医生还是很耐心，当时确实也没感到有多少紧张……但是血压还是像前几次一样高。
那位好脾气的牙医还拿了一个新的血压计又给母亲量了一遍，结果还是摇着头说：你的血压确实高。
5不能手术，就不能消除牙痛，严重影响了母亲的生活质量。
我有些替她急起来，可是，又没有办法让母亲的血压马上降下来。
6一位朋友向我建议：你不妨陪你母亲一起去牙防所看看，可能你母亲的血压就不会这样高，就能手术呢。
2014年高考语文上海卷-答案
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）语文答案解析一、阅读（一）阅读下文，完成1~6题1.【答案】示例：本应消除不确定性的信息却增加了对真相认识的不确定性。
2.【答案】原因表现3.【答案】D【解析】需排序语段的话题是对“常识”的理解，可按语句间的逻辑关系来排列。
⑤是“常识”的总说，有领起全文的作用，故放在开头。
②中“其实”一词，是对“常识”的进一步解释，故应紧接⑤。
③①紧密相连从反面来论述。
④中的“因此”引领的内容有总结的作用，应放在最后，故选D项。
4.【答案】C【解析】“需要提高新闻的发布门槛”于文无据。
5.【答案】示例：第⑥段指出要提高受众参与新闻生产，与前文受众解读新闻、寻求真相的意愿的相关论述构成了层进关系，使阐述更深入。
6.略。
（依据考生答案与文章第③段提供的四个方面的契合程度，以及考生答案的表达是否准确、逻辑是否严密评分)（二）阅读下文，完成7~12题7.【答案】示例：该句将湖泊比喻为“一块巨大的海绵”，以海绵吸水来比喻湖泊吸音，以海绵的“巨大”突出湖泊吸音能力之强，把作者微妙的主观感受用常见物品传递给读者，形象而生动。
8.【答案】略。
(本题采用整体评分法，对考生选择的角度及针对该角度结合文本进行的赏析做整体评分。
可选择的角度有动词的运用、写景角度的变化、色彩的组合等)9.【答案】“飞溅”一词化静为动，表现了银河耀眼夺目、闪烁生辉的美感。
10.【答案】红杉具有历经沧海的宁静，它的存在使人类清醒镇静，因此，作者认为红杉是一种具有特别含义的树。
11.【答案】B【解析】解答本题，首先要着眼于语段的本身所表现的含义。
A.原文说的是感到惬意，“惬意”不等于欢乐，且“可以获得更多的欢乐”于文无据。
C.假设关系不成立，原文说的是有人共享宁静可使“经历更为丰富完美”，D.“一个人独处时更能感受到宁静的欢乐”于文无据。
12.【答案】作者描写了多种不同的声音：自然界的声音增加了宁静感，也是宁静的一部分，作者写这类声音是为了表现宁静之美；工业文明的喧闹破坏了宁静，作者描写这类声音来表达批评和担忧。
高三一模试卷语文有答案
2014届高三一模试卷语文（有答案）上海市长宁区2014届高三一模语文试卷（满分150分，考试时间150分钟）一阅读（80分）（一）阅读下文，完成1-6题。
（17分）①随着莫言获得诺贝尔文学奖，文学要表达中国经验的呼声越来越高，这反映了文学界文化自信心的提升，也体现了中国当代文学逐渐告别凌空蹈虚的发展趋势。
这当然值得肯定。
②“中国经验”是近几年出现的“热词”，它的前身应该是新世纪之后极度叫响的“中国模式”，是一个政治经济学的概念。
改革开放30多年来，中国在某种程度上创造了经济奇迹是举世公认的，因此“中国经验”的存在也是毋庸置疑的，可是这种高度抽象和理论化了的政治经济学概念是否能够直接成为文学的表现对象，值得讨论。
我们认为，号召文学表达的“中国经验”很容易产生误导，不如代之以表现“中国体验”，原因如下：③第一，概念化之虞。
“中国经验”本来就是概念的集成，是从政治制度、社会管理模式、经济发展方式等方面归纳出来的理论模型，要文学表达这样的“中国经验”，把它作为文学的主题规范，很可能导致图解和演绎概念，产生大量概念化的平庸之作。
前些年文艺界热炒的塑造“国家形象”的话题后来只开花不结果，并没有出现多少让国内外读者和观众认可的能代表中国形象的文学和影视作品，其原因也在于这个口号本身过于浓厚的意识形态色彩，以政府资助的形式制作这类文学和影视作品，生产主体本身就定位了这类作品的主题指向，作为文化“形象工程”，其概念化是先天注定了的。
④第二，模式化之虞。
“中国经验”是集体经验的归纳，强调的是共性和通约。
提倡文学表达“中国经验”，很容易导致模式化。
这些年很多表现当下现实的文学和影视作品都给人以似曾相识的感觉，原因就在于大家不约而同地在表达“中国经验”，这个“中国经验”在中国各地、各领域、各阶层是有共识的，因此无论何种题材，最终都是历尽艰辛的“崛起”神话。
现在的作家基本都职业化了，他们是在书斋里凭想象写作，跟现实很隔膜，要他们表现“中国经验”，他们会本能地把先入为主的“崛起”模式与本地报纸上宣传地方政绩的新闻报道相勾兑，打造成大同小异的主旋律作品。
2014年上海市崇明县中考一模语文试卷及答案
崇明县2013学年第一学期期末质量测试初三语文（满分50分，考试时间100分钟） 2014.1一、文言文（共42分）（一）默写（18分）1．去年今日此门中，。
（《题都城南庄》）2．人约黄昏后。
（《生查子·元夕》）3．了却君王天下事，。
（《破阵子·为陈同甫赋壮词以寄》4．，西北望，射天狼。
（《江城子·密州出猎》）5．，往来无白丁。
（《陋室铭>）6．野芳发而幽香，。
（《醉翁亭记》）（二）阅读下面的诗，完成7-8题。
（4分）酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠唐刘禹锡巴山楚水凄凉地，二十三年弃置身。
怀旧空吟闻笛赋。
到乡翻似烂柯人。
沉舟侧畔千帆过，病槭前头万木春。
今日听君歌一曲。
暂凭杯酒长精神。
7．诗中的“沉舟…病树”比喻（2分）8．下列理解不正确的一项是（）（2分）A．这是一首刘禹锡酬答白居易的诗歌。
B．首联写作者被贬地方之荒凉。
C．颔联写作者被贬归来的感触。
D．尾联表达了作者乐观向上的决心。
（三）阅读下文，完成9-11题。
（8分）岳阳楼记（节选）①若夫霪雨霏霏，连月不开，阴风怒号，浊浪排空。
日星隐曜，山岳潜形。
商旅不行，樯倾楫摧。
薄暮冥冥，虎啸猿啼。
登斯楼也，则有去国怀乡，忧谗畏讥，满目萧然，感极而悲者矣。
2至若春扣景明，波澜不惊，上下天光，一碧万顷。
沙鸥翔集，锦鳞游泳。
岸芷汀兰，郁郁青青。
而或长烟一空，皓月千里，浮光跃金，静影沉璧。
渔歌互答，此乐何极！登斯楼也，则有心旷神怡，宠辱偕忘，把酒临风，其喜洋洋者矣。
③嗟夫！予尝求古仁人之心，或异二者之为。
何哉？不以物喜，不以己悲。
居庙堂之高，则忧其民，处江湖之远，则忧其君。
是进亦忧，退亦忧。
然则何时而乐耶？其必曰“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”欤！噫！微斯人，吾谁与归？9．选文作者是_ （朝代）的（人名）。
（2分）10．用现代汉语解释下列句子（3分）予尝求古仁人之心，或异二者之为。
11．下列理解正确的一项是____（3分）A．①、②两段流露出作者“悲”和“喜”两种不同的感情。
上海市崇明县2014届高三上学期期末考试历史试题
崇明县2013学年第一学期期末考试试卷高三历史考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．所有答案必须做在答题卡上。
一、选择题（共75分）1—30题，每小题2分，共60分，每题只有一个正确选项。
1、在古代世界文化成果中，最早发明了笔和墨水书写工具的是…………………………（）A．古代中华B．古代两河流域C．古代印度D．古代埃及2、古代印度种姓制度下各种姓之间的差异主要在于………………………………………（）A．社会分工差异B．权利义务有别C．婚姻关系不同D．种族民族不同3、下列是古代罗马历史时间轴，在A处的是………………………………………………（）A．罗马共和国的建立B．罗马帝国的建立C．罗马帝国的分裂D．西罗马帝国的灭亡4、在中世纪的西欧，拥有庄园的人主要包括………………………………………………（）①国王②教会贵族③世俗贵族④自由农民A．①②③B．②③C．①③D．①②③④5、《史记·秦始皇本纪》曰：“天下共苦，战斗不休，以有侯王。
赖宗庙，天下初定，又复立国，是树兵也，而求其宁息，岂不难哉！”为此，秦始皇实施了下列哪一措施……………（）A．焚书坑儒B．攻打匈奴C．修筑长城D．郡县制度6、陈寅恪在《魏晋南北朝史讲演》中写道：北朝汉人有认庙不认神的观念，谁能定鼎嵩洛（洛：洛阳），谁便是文化正统的所在。
据此推测，北朝人视为“文化正统”的朝代是……（）A．曹魏B．蜀汉C．孙吴D．东晋7、唐朝中央政府实行三省六部制，其中有政策“设计厅”之功能的是…………………（）A．中书省B．尚书省C．门下省D．行中书省8、苏轼《李氏山房藏书记》记载：北宋初年，老儒先生以求《史记》、《汉书》而不可得，幸而得之，赶紧抄录，日夜诵读。
据此推测，导致此现象的主要原因是…………………（）A．这两本书被皇室专藏，民间不得私印B．宋科举以策论代替诗赋，读史人增多C．宋重文轻武，雕版印刷不能满足需求D．宋与少数民族政权对峙，中原文化遭浩劫9、中国古代皇帝开始了解世界“五大洲、四大洋”世界地图是在………………………（）A．西汉丝绸之路后B．元朝马可波罗来华之后C．明朝郑和下西洋之后D．明末西学东渐之后10、把“光荣革命”作为英国资产阶级革命结束的标志，主要依据是……………………（）A．斯图亚特王朝的统治从此结束B．确立了资产阶级的君主立宪制C．议会内阁制从此形成D．资产阶级和新贵族的统治从此确立下来11、“宗教神秘主义的面纱和覆盖真相的无知之幕被理性之手掀开一角，传统的权威受到撼动，人类第一次从对自然恐惧的阴影下走出来，重新审视自身的价值和能力。
崇明高三语文参考答案201401(简要)
崇明高三语文参考答案（2014年1月）一、阅读（80分）(一)阅读下文，完成第1－6题。
(17分)1．（2分）答案示例：“几乎”起限制作用，表示不是所有的都被视为伟大的，使表达准确严密。
去掉后，与事实不符。
2．（2分）盲目追捧“以诗为史”的阅读方法的种种表现及其产生的后果。
3．（3分）用例证说明诗歌的确可以补充历史叙述的不足，但适用范围极其有限，不可随意运用。
4．（3分）B5．（3分）C6．（4分）作者肯定“诗史互证”的阅读方法具有一定的合理性，适应性。
因为诗歌具有记录的功能，可以帮助我们进行历史的阅读，可以在政治史、文化史等众多不同的历史研究中发挥重要作用。
但批评盲目追捧这种阅读方法。
倡导真正从诗歌的体制、美学、语言文字的运用等角度阅读诗歌。
(二)阅读下文，完成第7－12题。
(21分)7．（2分）对坟茔中的死难将士的敬畏之情。
8．（3分）将这些空墓与上文中英军官兵有名字、有军衔、身份识别码，十字架以及所属部队的徽记形成强烈的对比，表达作者对这些无名无姓葬于异国他乡的中国士兵的沉痛的吊唁。
9．（3分）无论是何种民族（国家），都祭奠缅怀自己的战死者；无论是战俘还是胜者，在死亡面前也一律平等；无论是人类的仇恨还是野心，在死亡面前也化为乌有。
10．（3分）B11．（4分）末段在结构上呼应开头，使文章结构更严谨。
内容上，表明时间慢慢抚平战争的创伤，但战俘的墓地将时刻提醒人类珍惜生命、反思战争以及人类的浮躁与野心。
12．（6分）第⒃段中用“中国人”，与第⒁段中英国人来了，澳大利亚人来了等相照应，表明中国人不再是受压迫受歧视的。
第⒄段用“我们”，强调的是放下仇恨，告慰那些不屈的灵魂，反思人类的浮躁与野心。
作者运用语言的表情功能含蓄深沉地表达情感与思考，使得文章厚重、有张力。
(三)默写。
(6分) 【任选6空。
超过6空，按前6空评分】13．（1）分野中锋变（2）金就砺则利（3）渌水荡漾清猿啼（4）两三航未曾着岸（5）凤箫声动（6）虽覆一篑（7）不以其道得之（8）不汲汲于富贵(四)阅读下面的诗歌。
崇明2012014学年第一学期期末考试试卷
崇明县2013-2014学年第一学期期末考试试卷高三英语（考试时间120分钟，满分150分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）第Ⅰ卷 (共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speak e rs. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. She will go to the beach alone. B. She will go to the beach with the man.C. She will go to meet Prof. Brown.D. She will go to attend Prof. Brown’s class.2. A. In a car. B. In a plane. C. At a shop. D. On a farm.3. A. On December 3rd. B. On December 13th. C. On December 23rd. D. On December 30th.4. A. A novel. B. A commercial. C. A TV programme. D. A sports game.5. A. He will help the woman. B. He will give the woman what she wants.C. He will hand something to the woman.D. He doesn’t understand what the woman means.6. A. He can’t give the woman a ride.B. He’ll drop the woman off on the way to work.C. The woman can ride downtown with her.D. The woman will have to leave earlier than usual.7. A. The man’s mobile phone is expensive. B. The man’s mobile phone often goes wrong.C. The man should use a new mobile phone.D. The man shouldn’t change his mobile phone.8. A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Mother and son. D. Employer and employee.9. A. He’s upset that he missed the television program.B. He doesn’t like talking about television programs.C. He doesn’t think the television program was funny.D. He’s angry beca use he failed to get into his building10. A. The woman doesn’t like skiing at all.B. The woman will go skiing with them.C. The woman can’t go skiing with them.D. The woman doesn’t have much work today.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Many Americans have been visited by ghosts.B. Many Americans believe that ghosts really exist.C. Americans celebrate Halloween for religious reasons.D. Americans celebrate Halloween to drive away ghosts.12. A. 37%. B. 41%. C. 71%. D. 87%.13. A. A ghost would choose to visit his relative or friend.B. Children celebrate Halloween to play tricks on their parents.C. Those who don’t believe in ghosts don’t celebrate Halloween.D. Those who celebrate Halloween don’t necessarily believe in ghosts.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The reasons for staying fit while travelling.B. The ways of keeping healthy while travelling.C. The ways of enjoying oneself while travelling.D. The reasons for spending a vacation by travelling.15. A. We may not go to bed until very late. B. The hotel bed may be uncomfortable.C. We may sleep for an hour during the day.D. The hotel room may not be quiet enough.16. A. Taking along enough food. B. Staying in a luxurious hotel.C. Visiting many scenic spots.D. Eating the right kinds of food.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)A friendly dog named Bonnie, who also happens to be deaf, is being praised by her owner for(25)_____(help) him catch a suspected intruder in their home.Dan Strasser said he heard Bonnie running around the living room at about 6 a.m. Saturday, so he got out of bed to see (26)_____ she was so excited. He said Bonnie didn’t bark or bite like a guard dog, but (27)_____ she behaved was enough to alert him.When Strasser walked into the living room, he caught the intruder (28)_____(try) to steal his computer. The man took off, but instead of running out of the back door (29)_____ he came in, he accidentally ran into the garage and (30)_____(seize) there.Strasser grabbed his gun and held the intruder in the garage while his girlfriend called 911. Police showed up and arrested the intruder, whom they later identified (31)_____ Thomas Lowell, who was accused in court Monday of burglary(入室行窃) and possession of drug. He is due back in court on Oct. 2nd.Strasser said Lowell got in through the back door, which he kept open at night so that Bonnie (32)_____ get into the backyard. He plans to keep it (33)_____(lock) from now on.(B)The first-ever American Laughing Championship is taking place in San Diego. The contest is the first national championship in the US, (34)_____ Canadian filmmaker, Albert Nerenberg, has previously organized national laughing contests in Canada and Japan and a state championship in California back in 2010. The contest requires the chosen laughers to face off against each other as the audience determines who has (35)_____(attractive) laugh. Daunte Reed is one of about twelve people competing in the contest. He is hoping to be a winner of the title of top laugher. “I’ve been told I have (36)_____ attractive laugh. (37)_____ doesn’t take much to make me laugh,” Reed said.The contest includes the belly laugh, the crazy laugh and the diabolical(魔鬼般的) laugh. The last one is the most challenging, according to Nerenberg, who said the goal is (38)_____(make) the audience laugh with your laugh. The solo(单独的) laughing requires a good voice. However, the other laugh styles require someone to get the audience laughing; a good diabolical laugh requires the laugher to infect himself and start laughing naturally,” he explained.“The person who wins isn’t always the best, but the top three people are always the best. It is more joy (39)_____ these people bring to the world. They tend to be happy types. We (40)_____(never have) a sad person win so far,” he added.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can onlyThe idea of the youth hostel(旅社) started with one man: Richard Schirrmann (1874-1961), a German school teacher, who felt that there was a need for overnight accommodation for hisstudents in order that they could see new things and have new experiences outside the 41 .He felt that one learns by observing, and tried to make his dream come true in the year 1909, when he started providing accommodation for his students in inns, farmhouses and the like.The first youth hostel was opened in Schirrmann’s own school in Altena, after which it was 42 by a permanent hostel in Altena Castle. Schirrmann went on to 43 the German Youth Hostel Association in the year 1919. By this time, the idea of the youth hostel had 44 far and wide, all over the lands of Europe and further.And then, in the year 1932, a(n) 45 organization called the International Youth Hostel was founded in Amsterdam, which consisted of youth hostels from Switzerland, Germany, Poland, the Netherlands, Norway, Britain, Ireland, France, Czechoslovakia, Denmark and Belgium. Richard Schirrmann became its chairman in 1933.The idea of the youth hostel is for young people who are on nature trips to get 46 accommodation in exchange for some money and a helping hand with the domestic chores(家务活). These hostels were said to build character and a sense of independence, as the youth who stayed in them got the 47 to see how other people lived as well as to help to do work.Youth hostels are also places to meet and make new friends. They have no class 48 and everyone has to do their share. Here, wealth and position does not help you gain 49 , but friendliness does. The friendlier you are, the more you learn from the 50 of staying in a youth hostel.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Telemedicine is the name for when doctors give advice to patients by telephone or the Internet, or when health care providers in rural areas connect with specialists in big cities.Telemedicine has 51 for a long time, but the rise of smartphones, tablet PCs and camera-equipped computers is 52 telemedicine to new levels. Some health care systems in the United States now 53 Virtual(虚拟的) Urgent Care. Patients see a doctor by video chat without having to leave home.Diana Rae, a nurse educator in the Franciscan Health System recently 54 how Virtual Urgent Care works. She used an iPad tablet and skype—the video chat service.Doctor Green has the patient describe her 55 ; then the doctor performs a physical exam by demonstrating what he wants her to do. Doctor Green decides that the problem is a common 56 . For medicine, he prescribes(开药方) an antibiotic(抗生素). He says about 3 out of 4 patients have 57 problems that can be treated like this—through Virtual Urgent Care, which means a video chat could 58 a visit to the doctor’s office.“Patient s’ safety is really important to us. So if we feel it is not 59 for the patient to be treated in this manner, we’re going to suggest other 60 for them,” said Green.The Franciscan Health System is based in Tacoma, Washington. It 61 $35 for this kind of virtual house call, which is much less than the cost of going to an emergency room, a doctor’s office or an urgent care clinic.After trying the video conference, Diana Rae says she would be 62 to pay the $35 when she was recently home with a bad cold. “I would have paid twice that for the 63 of getting taken care of without having to sit in a waiting room, wait, and get 64 everyone else’s germs,” Rae said.Franciscan operates hospitals and clinics and has a deal with a company called Carena to add effective urgent care by Skype or phone. Carena is one of several companies doing this kind of work around the country. But a company official says state rules have not kept 65 with developments in telemedicine.51. A. rested B. existed C. survived D. vanished52. A. keeping B. occupying C. striking D. raising53. A. offer B. advertise C. prohibit D. criticize54. A. predicted B. published C. demonstrated D. claimed55. A. symptoms B. emotions C. medicines D. coughs56. A. mistake B. infection C. experience D. sense57. A. heart B. security C. drug D. health58. A. pay B. cancel C. replace D. include59. A. necessary B. smart C. hard D. safe60. A. hospitals B. doctors C. alternatives D. networks61. A. charges B. costs C. pays D. provides62. A. happy B. reluctant C. excited D. surprised63. A. delight B. convenience C. significance D. embarrassment64. A. infected with B. exposed to C. shocked at D. fascinated by65. A. contact B. company C. progress D. communicationSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）At age 11, Zlata Filipovic saw things that most people pray they never see. Growing up in the middle of a war zone, this little girl experienced firsthand the horrors of war.Filipovic turned 11 in December of 1991. Five months later Serbian soldiers attacked Filipovic’s hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia. While many people fled the city, Filipovic’s family stayed. Some of the worst moments of the Bosnian conflict would take place right under her nose. How did Filipovic deal with his harrowing experience? By writing a diary.Zlata’s Diary was first published in the summer of 1993 by UNICEF (United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund). It attr acted enormous interest. Her writings on the Bosnian conflict were not as sophisticated(老练的) as the daily news reports. Filipovic’sobservations were, however, more moving and intimate(私人的).Ztala’s Diary gave readers a sense of sympathy for the ordinary people stuck in the Balkan region. Filipovic’s writings raised world awareness of the senseless conflict in Sarajevo. “I see that things aren’t good here,” Filipovic writes. “An ugly war is taking away my childhood.”After two years of enduring the war in Sarajevo, Filipovic’s family escaped to Paris in December of 1993. Zlata’s Diary was then printed by an international publisher. It became an instant bestseller. It has since been translated into 35 languages.Outside Bosnia, Filipovic continued to show deep concern for her torn homeland. In the following years, she gave many talks on the impact of war on children. She spoke often about the need for a stable, lasting peace in the Balkan region.Filipovic eventually attended a British University and received a degree in human sciences. Today, the well-being of the Balkan region remains on her mind. Now Filipovic wants to use her experience to promote peace in a rapidly changing Europe. She hopes that her stories of war will make people listen to her message of peace.66. The underlined word “harrowing” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “______”.A. desperateB. miserableC. embarrassingD. revolutionary67. What was special about Zlata’s Diary?A. It wrote about war in different languages.B. It was as attractive as the daily news report.C. It helped the world see war through the eyes of a child.D. It made the world know better about the Bosnian conflict.68. It can be learned from the passage that ______.A. Zlata was promoting peace with her stories of warB. Zlata’s nose was seriously wounded in the conflictC. Zlata kept her diary a secret until the winter of 1993D. Zlata felt relieved after escaping from the war in Sarajevo69. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Zlata Filipovic: growing up in warB. Zlata Filipovic: writing against warC. Zlata Filipovic: changing the worldD. Zlata Filipovic: loving peace in heart（B）SERVICE DIRECTORYArtero Hotel◆Check-in TimeCheck in after 13:00 on the arrival day.◆Check-out TimeCheck out before 12:00 noon on your departure day. A 50% surcharge(额外费) will be imposed if you check out after 12:00 noon; a 100% surcharge will be imposed if you check out after 18:00.◆Key CardFor your safety, the key card is NOT transferable. If it is lost, please contact the front desk immediately.Please return your key card to the front desk upon departure.◆Room Number & Telephone NumberRooms have a 3-digit number. The first number stands for the floor and the second and third numbers stand for the room number.For example:308 refers to room 08 on the 3rd floor.For room-to-room calls, dial 8 + room number, e.g. 8308.To call the room from outside, dial 61208308.◆TelevisionTelevision channels have been set up as shown on the TV programme. If you have any problem watching TV, please dial 8003.◆Room CleaningWe provide house keeping once in a day. If you want to have your room cleaned at a certain time, please contact house keeping at 8001.◆LaundryItems received before 10:00 will be returned in the afternoon (before 15:00) of the next day. If you need urgent service, please dial 8002.◆Towels and SlippersPlease do not remove the towels or slippers from your room as towels and slippers are provided at the pool. Do not use the towel for any inappropriate purposes. You will be required to compensate(赔偿) for damages caused by misuse.◆Power SafetyIt is strictly forbidden to dry clothes over lampshades, which may cause afire.PetsPets are not allowed in any parts of the hotel. We thank you for your understanding and cooperation.70. Scott, who is staying in Room 609, wants to call his friend in Room 815 of the same hotel, heshould dial ______.A. 61208308.B. 8609.C. 8001.D. 8815.71. Mrs. Taylor is staying in Room 213 and needs to have her clothes washed immediately, sheshould dial ______.A. 8213.B. 8001.C. 8002.D. 8003.72. Which of the following practice is allowed for the guests in the hotel?A. Keeping the key card after check-out.B. Asking for extra house keeping service.C. Using the slippers in the room at the pool.D. Walking a pet dog in the garden of the hotel.73. Suppose the accommodation fee for a single room is $100 per day and Mr. Brown checkedinto the hotel at 21:00 on Jan. 5th and checked out at 15:00 on Jan. 8th, he should pay ______.A. $300.B. $350.C. $400.D. $450.（C）Foreseeing a time when a patient’s own cells may be harvested, multiplied, and fashioned into a replacement organ, researchers in Boston have successfully transplanted laboratory grown bladders(肾) into six dogs.For a century, physicians have replaced diseased or damaged bladders by removing sections of a person’s intestines(肠子) and shaping them into a substitute bladder. While the procedure offers some relief to patients, complications often develop because nature designs intestinal tissue for a purpose—absorbing nutrients—other than hold ing waste liquid of the body. “You start absorbing stuff that should be removed,” says Anthony Atala of the Children’s Hospital in Boston.Other physicians have turned to human-made materials to create artificial bladders, but those efforts have also run into problems. Consequently, to build a better bladder, Atala and his colleagues decided to employ the organ’s own cells.To turn the cells into an organ, the researchers first form plastic which can break down naturally into bladder-shaped shell. They then coat its outside and inside with layers of cells needed.To test this strategy, Atala’s group obtained bladder tissue from dogs and grew it into organs. After removing the dogs’ bladders, the investigators implanted(移植) the artificial ones coming from the dogs’ own cells. Within a month, the organs began to perform like normal bladders.Within three months, the plastic shells had broken down naturally, and the implanted organs were hard to distinguish from natural ones. Blood vessels(血管) quickly grew into them. Moreover, nerves seem to form proper connections with the new organs, allowing the dogs to regain normal control of their bladders. Some dogs have had the artificial bladders for nearly a year without any problems.While the bladders of dogs closely resemble those of people, Atala warns that more testing of this transplant strategy must occur before artificial bladders are ready for the clinic.74. The traditional method of shaping parts of intestines into a substitute bladder ______.A. brings the patient a lot of sufferingsB. allows the patient to absorb useless thingsC. prevents the patient from absorbing nutrientsD. worsens both the function of the intestines and the bladder75. The artificial bladders implanted in dogs ______.A. worked perfectly as long as three monthsB. did not work properly until after a monthC. proved to be able to work for several yearsD. began to work as well as a normal one in a few weeks76. Why is it suggested that more testing should be made?A. Human bladders may well be different from dogs’.B. Dogs’ bladders can be implanted into human bodies.C. What suits dogs’ bladders will also suit human bladders.D. Artificial bladders grown in dogs can be used for human beings.77. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The history of making artificial bladders.B. The way of turning intestines into bladders.C. The prospect of manufacturing plastic bladders.D. The possibility of making bladders from their own cells.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Britain’s youngest iPad addict(有瘾的人) hasn’t even started school yet. That’s right; a four-year-old girl is currently undergoing therapy after becoming addicted to playing games on her iPad.Receiving treatment at the Capio Nightingale Clinic, London, the little girl is said to have become increasingly distressed whenever her parents moved to take the iPad away. Medical help was sought after the girl’s withdrawal symptoms did not improve.Dr. Richard Graham, the girl’s psychiatrist(精神病医生), said: “In the year running up to contacting the clinic, the parents noticed her use of the iPad was increasing. She was using it three to four hours every day and showed increased anxiety if it was removed.”According to Dr. Graham, parents should strive to keep iPads and similar devices out of the reach of infants, believing that: “Children see all the pretty colours and they will want to use it too.”“There are concerns that toys are being replaced by the likes of iPads and smartphones, but children are not at a level of maturity to deal with such advanced technology. They can’t c ope and become addicted, reacting with bad temper and uncontrollable behavior when they are taken away. Then as they grow older, the problem only gets worse,” Dr. Graham told The Mirror.The UK’s first technology addiction programme was initiated by Dr. Graham three years ago. It’s designed to deal with those who become annoyed when deprived from their device.Motivation for creating the treatment programme came from a concern over the compulsive qualities of games available on iPads.Dr. Graham worries that this is not the only case of iPad addiction among young ones. It comes just after a five-year-old boy managed to cost his parents £1,700, by purchasing various add-ons for a game on the iPad.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 78. The case of the four-year-old girl is given to inform us of _________________________________.79. Why is it easier for children to be addicted to iPads?80. What caused Dr. Graham to launch t he UK’s first technology addiction programme?81. One lesson that can be drawn from the passage by parents of infants is that they should ______________________________________________________.第Ⅱ卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 应该允许孩子们表达他们自己的想法。
【2014上海崇明一模】上海市崇明县2014届高三上学期期末考试(一模)数学(文)试题和答案
崇明县2013学年高三第一学期期末考试试卷高三数学（文科）(含答案)一、填空题（每题4分，满分56分，将答案填在答题纸上）1.已知虚数z 满足等式i z z 612+=-，则z=2.若关于x ，y 的线性方程组的增广矩阵为 ⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛n m 3060，该方程组的解为⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛43y x ，则mn 的值等于3.直线12+=y x 的一个法向量可以是 【答案】(1,2)- 【解析】试题分析：已知直线的一般式方程为210x y --=，因此其一个法向量为(1,2)-． 考点：直线的法向量．4.已知全集{}{}01log ,02,22≥+=<-==x x B x x x A R U ，则()B C A u =【答案】1{|0}2x x << 【解析】试题分析：由已知{|02}A x x =<<，1{|}2B x x =≥，1{|}2U B x x =<ð，∴1(){|0}2U A B x x =<< ð.考点：集合的运算．5.某单位有青年职工160人，中年职工人数是老年职工人数的2倍，老、中、青职工共有430人，为了解职工身体状况，现采用分层抽样方法进行调查，在抽取的样本中有青年职工32人，则该样本中的老年职工人数为 ．6.函数()012>+=-x y x的反函数是7.ABC ∆中，若31,2CB λ+==则=λ 【答案】23【解析】试题分析：2212()3333CD CA AD CA AB CA CB CA CA CB =+=+=+-=+ ，∴23λ=.考点：向量的线性表示，向量的运算.8.若,214tan =⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-θπ则=θθcos sin9.已知函数()()1,0112log ≠>+--=a a x mxm x f a是奇函数，则函数()x f y =的定义域为10.在一个袋子中装有分别标注1,2，3,4,5的五个小球，这些小球除标注的数字外完全相同， 现从中随机取出两个小球，则取出的小球上标注的数字之和为6的概率等于 【答案】15【解析】试题分析：从5个球任取2个球共有2510C =种取法，而数字和为6的只有(1,5),(2,4)两种取法，所以所概率为21105=. 考点：古典概型.11.在二项式81⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-x x 的展开式中，含5x 的项的系数是 （用数字作答）12.已知双曲线()0,012222>>=-b a by a x 的左右焦点分别是21,F F ，设P 是双曲线右支上一点，21F F 在F 154arccos ，则双曲线的渐近线方程为13.在实数集R 中，我们定义的大小关系 “>”为全体实数排了一个序，类似地，我们在复数集C 上也可以定义一个称为“序”的关系，记为“ ”，定义如下：对于任意两个复数,111i b a z += ,222i b a z += ()为虚数单位i R b a b a ,,,,2211∈，""21z z 当且仅当"b b """212121>=且或a a a a ，下面命题① 1 i 0;②若21z z ，32z z ，则31z z ；③若21z z ，则对于任意C z ∈，z z z z ++21 ；④对于复数0 z ，则21z z z z ⋅⋅ 其中真命题是 【答案】①②③ 【解析】试题分析：命题①，1的实部是1,i 的实部是0, ①正确；命题②，设111222333,,z a b i z a b i z a b i =+=+=+，由已知得12a a >或1212a a b b =>且，23a a >或2323a a b b =>且，显然有13a a ≥，若13a a >，则31z z ，若13a a =，则123a a a ==，123b b b >>，也有31z z ，故②正确；命题③，设(,)z a bi a b R =+∈，由21z z 得12a a >或1212a ab b =>且，从而12a a a a +>+或12a a a a +=+且12b b b b +>+，∴z z z z ++21 ,③正确；命题4，11z i =+，22z i =-，2z i =，则有12z z ，但122z z i ⋅=-+，24z z ⋅=，显然有21z z z z ⋅⋅ ，故④错误．填空①②③．考点：新定义运算，复数的运算．14.已知,1->t 当[]2,+-∈t t x 时，函数xx x y 4=的最小值为-4，则t 的取值范围是考点：行列式的定义，分段函数的最小值．二、选择题：本大题共4个小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.15.设Ra ∈则"011"2<+--a a a 是“1<a ”成立的...................................( )A ．充分必要条件B ．充分不必要条件C ．必要不充分条件D ．既非充分也非必要条件16.已知数列{}n a 是无穷等比数列，其前n 项和是n s ，若232=+a a ，143=+a a ，则n S lim 的值为......................................................................( ) A ．32 B ．34 C ．38 D ．31617.对于函数1)12(sin )12(cos )(22-++-=ππx x x f ，下列选项正确的是................( ) A ．()x f 在⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛2,4ππ内是递增的 B ．()x f 的图像关于原点对称 C ．()x f 的最小正周期为2π D ．()x f 的最大值为1 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：1)12(sin )12(cos )(22-++-=ππx x x f 1cos(2)1cos(2)66122x x ππ+--+=+- 11[cos(2)cos(2)]sin 2sin sin 226662x x x x πππ=--+==,所以B 正确． 考点：降幂公式，三角函数的性质．18.已知圆O 的半径为1，PA ，PB 为该圆的两条切线，A ，B 为两切点，那么⋅的最小值 等于........................................................................()A ．24+- B ．23+- C ．224+- D ．223+- 【答案】D【解析】试题分析： ()()PA PB OA OP OB OP ⋅=-⋅- =(OA OB OA ⋅- )OB OP +⋅ 2OP +，记AOB θ∠=，OP t = ，∵,P A P B 是圆O 的切线，∴OP 平分AOB ∠，∴O A O B + 与OP同向，∴PA PB ⋅=2cos OA OB OP OP θ-+⋅+2cos t t θ=+2cos t t θ=+222222cos 2cos 2cos 12322t t t t t θθθ=-⋅+=--+=+-3≥，当且仅当222t t=，即142t =时，等号成立，故所求最小值为3. 考点：向量的数量积与最小值.三、解答题 （本大题共5小题，共74分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.）19.（本大题共74分，第（1）小题6分，第（2）小题6分） (1)解方程：())35(log 13log 323-+=-x x(2)已知集合A=（-1,3），集合B={},032≤-x x x 集合C={},,11R a a x a x ∈+≤≤-并且B AC ⊆，求a 的取值范围.【答案】1）2x =；（2）[1,2).20.（本大题14分，第（1）小题6分，第（2）小题8分）在ABC ∆中，角A 、B 、C 的对边分别为a 、b 、c ，S 是该三角形的面积 (1)若⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--=21,2cos 2sinB B ，,//,2cos 2sin ,1B B ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=求角B 的度数 (2)若a =8，B=32π，S=38，求b 的值【答案】（1）3π；（2）21.（本大题14分，第（1）小题4分，第（2）小题4分，第三小题6分）已知圆1C 的圆心在坐标原点O ，且恰好与直线1:0l x y --=相切. (1)求圆的标准方程；(2)设点A 为圆上一动点，AN ⊥x 轴于N ，若动点Q 满足,)1(m m -+=（其中m 为非零常数），试求动点Q 的轨迹方程2C .(3)在（2）的结论下，当23=m 时，得到动点Q 的轨迹曲线C ，与1l 垂直的直线l 与曲线C 交于 B 、D 两点，求OBD ∆面积的最大值.将代入,得动点的轨迹方程.（3）时,曲线方程为，设直线的方程为设直线与椭圆交点22.（本大题16分，第（1）小题4分，第（2）小题6分，第三小题6分） 已知数列{}n a 的前n 项的和为n S ，且211=a ，n n a nn a 211+=+ （1）证明数列⎭⎬⎫⎩⎨⎧n a n 是等比数列 （2）求通项n a 与前n 项的和n S ；（3）设(),,2*∈-=N n S n b n n 若集合M={}*∈≥N n b n n ,λ恰有4个元素，求实数λ的取值范围.【答案】(1)证明见解析；（2）1()2nn a n =⨯，1112()()22n n n S n -=--⋅；（3）353322λ<≤. 【解析】试题分析：（1）可以根据等比数列的定义证明，用后项比前项，即证111(1)n n n n a na n a n a n+++=+是常数，这由已知易得，同时要说明11a 0≠；（2）由（1）{}n a n 是公比为12的等比数列，因此它的通项公式可很快求得，即111()22n n a n -=⋅，从而1()2nn a n =⋅，这个数列可以看作是一个等差数列和一个等比数列对应项相乘所得，因此其前n 项和可用错位相减法求出；（3）这里我们首先要求出n b ，由（2）可得1211()()22n n n b n n -=+，集合M={}*∈≥N n b n n ,λ恰有4个元素，即n b 中只有4个不同的值不小于λ，故要研究数列{}n b 中元素的大小，可从单调性考虑，作差1n n b b +-211(3)()2n n +=-，可见21b b >，2345b b b b > ＞＞＞，再计算后发现14b b =，因此λ应该满足54b b λ<≤．因为集合恰有4个元素，且，所以.考点：（1）等比数列的定义；（2）错位相减法求和；（3）数列的单调性．23.（本大题18分，第（1）小题6分，第（2）小题6分，第三小题6分）已知函数()()),,(,22R c b c bx x x g b x x f ∈++=+=对任意的R x ∈恒有()()x g x f ≤成立. (1)记()()(),x f x g x h =如果()x h 为奇函数，求b ，c 满足的条件；(2)当b=0时，记()()(),x f x g x h =若()x h 在[∞+,2）上为增函数，求c 的取值范围； (3)证明：当0≥x 时，()()2c x x g +≤成立；【答案】（1）0,1b c =≥；（2）[1,4]；（3）证明见解析．试题解析：：（1）因为任意的恒有成立，所以对任意的，即恒成立．所以，从而.，即：．设的定义域为，因为为奇函数，所以对于任意，成立．解得．所以．。
2024届上海市崇明中学语文高三上期末检测模拟试题含解析
2024届上海市崇明中学语文高三上期末检测模拟试题注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。
1．阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
“共和国勋章”获得者屠呦呦关于青蒿素的研究，正是从东晋葛洪《肘后备急方》“青蒿方”所载“青蒿一握，以水二升渍，绞取汁，尽服之”中，启发了新的研究思路，通过改用低沸点溶剂的提取方法，富集了青蒿的抗疟组分，最终发现了青蒿素，应用于世界特别是非洲地区，挽救了数百万疟疾患者的生命。
有着“人民科学家”荣誉称号的吴文俊关于数学机械化思想方法的研究，受启发于《隋书·律历志》的记载：祖冲之领先世界千年之久的圆周率π值源于刘徽《九章算术注》“割圆术”，“割之弥细，所失弥少；割之又割，以至于不可割，则与圆周合体而无所失矣”。
以上两个例子，说明中国传统文化尤其是儒学对中国传统科学的发展是有积极影响并有现代意义的。
中国传统科技基因，完全可以古为今用。
事实上，中国传统文化早在2000多年前的春秋战国时期，已经有了百家争鸣、百花齐放的繁荣局面。
儒学的开门祖师孔子，是开创“私学”的大教育家，他以“有教无类”和“因材施教”、培养“博学通才之士”为方针和目标，对学生进行礼、乐、书、数、御、射“六艺”教育。
其中，数即数学，乐和声学有关，御和力学有关，射和机械有关。
儒家的“六艺”教育具体付诸教材，即古代经典，这其中遍布古代科学的因子，如《易》，易道广大，无所不包，旁及天文、地理、乐律、兵法、韵学、算术，以逮方外之炉火力；《诗经》中包含有大量虫鱼、鸟兽、草木、以及天文、地理、农业生产等知识；《礼记》中有农业与季节相关的知识；《考工记》则是有关手工业技术的专门著作。
孔子之孙孔伋(子思)的《中庸》有言：“博学之，审问之，慎思之，明辨之，笃行之。
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1.根据课文默写。
（6分）①一儿曰：“，，此不为近者热而远者凉乎？”（《两小儿辩日》）②曲径通幽处，。
（常建《题破山寺后禅院》）③，潭影空人心。
（常建《题破山寺后禅院》）④吴楚东南坼，。
（杜甫《登岳阳楼》）⑤戎马关山北，。
（杜甫《登岳阳楼》）1.阅读《一个走运的人》，完成小题。
（10分）在我家附近的一个路口，有一株高大茂密的香樟树，粗大苍劲的树干，四面伸长的枝叶，昭示这是一株历经沧桑的百年古树，香樟树的清幽常引人驻足。
香樟树下卧着一个小小的杂货铺。
小商铺出售一些糖果、烟草之类的小东西，那些瓶瓶罐罐上没有一点积尘。
女店主是一个端庄美丽的女子，她最喜欢说的一句话是：“真走运啊！”女店主总是端坐在那里，含笑着招呼客人。
闲下来时，她就低下头用丝线编织些小饰物，诸如手链啦、发带啦，随后就挂在店里，有谁喜欢就买走。
最初，我到她的店里，就被她编的一个精巧的笔袋所吸引，淡绿色的，像很娇嫩的草。
“这笔袋就像春的颜色。
”我说，“特别美。
”“我真走运，”她的眼里漾起了春光，“遇到了一个知道我心思的人。
”她见我喜欢，随即从桌子下面拿出她编的各种小饰物，我惊讶地发现，整个世界都在她的手上呢：天空的云朵，海上的浪花，草原的骏马，还有那永远开不败的四季花。
我买下了笔袋，也牢牢地记住了这位制作者，也许是受到了她友好的对待，也许是她单纯的眼神，也许是她那句“真走运啊”。
我常会顺道去看看那家杂货店，有时买些东西，有时只是看看。
因为在我的生活圈里很少有人认为自己很幸福。
有些人在外人看来已经过得相当不错了，但他们本人总觉得还缺点什么，远远谈不上“走运”。
可这店主，多么平凡。
她终日坐着，等待人们的光顾，还得一张一张抚平那些乱糟糟的零钱。
但就是这个人，每天穿着得体的衣裳，还把头发梳得漂漂亮亮。
有一天中午，我路过后门口，她正在吃午饭，就着开水吃一只大大的糯米团。
看见我她笑笑，又说自己真走运，吃到了香甜的团子。
“你该到对面的店里吃一碗热面。
”我说，“那才舒服。
”可她说，那团子可不是普通的东西，是她的一位老顾客亲手蒸的。
那老太太已经八十多岁了，非常健康，还能爬山呢。
“我有这样的朋友，”店主说，“真走运。
”还有一次，我到店里买了她编的发卡，绾头发用的，我说去爬黄山时，用它来盘头发。
她让我归来时替她带一张黄山的风景照。
她又说：“真走运啊！”像是恭喜我，又像是在说她分享了这个“走运”。
归来后，我如约前去把我拍摄的最好的一张照片带给她。
我还怂恿她，哪天请人照看一下杂货铺，亲自爬上黄山。
“有缆车吗？”她问，“真的有？和我想的一样，真幸运啊，要有一天我也能去看看就好了！”“不必坐缆车，慢慢往上攀，爬上天都峰！”我说。
“是啊！是啊！”她微笑着，沉醉着，“我梦到过。
”后来我搬了住处，好久没有去店里。
有一天，我忽然想念起她来，便匆匆赶去。
可到了那，香樟树依旧挺立，却不见了小商铺，也不见了女店主，只有石凳上一位八十多岁的老太太！我惊诧极了，连忙上前打听，老太太说：“搬迁了。
”“那您知道女店主去哪儿了吗？”“不知道。
”老太太浑浊的眼里一片黯淡。
“不容易呀，一个下肢瘫痪的女子！”“谁？”“女店主啊，你不知道？”我瞪大眼睛，张着嘴却说不上话。
原来她是个不能行走的女子！她是坐在特制的轮椅上看管小店的！而我，由于她阳光一样的笑容，却从没在意她缺少什么，还怂恿她去登黄山……一瞬间，歉疚与失落漫上心头。
或许今生再难相见了！夕阳中，历尽沧桑的香樟树依旧高峻挺拔，依旧香远益清，淡淡的幽香沁入心脾。
抬头间，那灿烂的笑容似在眼前……（摘自《微型小说选刊》2011·23期，有改动）【小题1】小说围绕“我”与女店主的交往，写了四件事。
请概括其中两件事。
（2分）第一件事：“我”被女店主编织的精巧笔袋所吸引，买下了笔袋。
第二件事：第三件事：第四件事：“我”送照片给女店主，并怂恿她去登黄山。
【小题2】小说中的女店主是一个怎样的人？请结合具体内容简要分析。
（2分）答：【小题3】结合语境，品析下列加横线词语和画线句子，分析其表达效果。
（4分）①我瞪大眼睛，张着嘴却说不上话。
(2分）答：②夕阳中，历尽沧桑的香樟树依旧高峻挺拔，依旧香远益清，淡淡的幽香沁入心脾。
抬头间，那灿烂的笑容似在眼前…… (2分）答：香樟树下”也可作为这篇小说的标题，你喜欢哪个标题？请说明理由（2分）答：2.阅读《麦琪的礼物》片段,完成小题(8分)眼下，詹姆斯?迪林厄姆?杨夫妇俩各有一件特别引以自豪的东西。
一件是吉姆的金表，是他祖父传给父亲，父亲又传给他的传家宝；另一件则是德拉的秀发。
如果示巴女王也住在天井对面的公寓里，总有一天德拉会把头发披散下来，露出窗外晾干，使那女王的珍珠宝贝黯然失色；如果地下室堆满金银财宝、所罗门王又是守门人的话，每当吉姆路过那儿，准会摸出金表，好让那所罗门王忌妒得吹胡子瞪眼睛。
此时此刻，德拉的秀发泼撒在她的周围，微波起伏，闪耀光芒，有如那褐色的瀑布。
她的美发长及膝下，仿佛是她的一件长袍。
接着，她又神经质地赶紧把头发梳好。
踌躇了一分钟，一动不动地立在那儿，破旧的红地毯上溅落了一两滴眼泪。
她穿上那件褐色的旧外衣，戴上褐色的旧帽子，眼睛里残留着晶莹的泪花，裙子一摆，便飘出房门，下楼来到街上。
她走到一块招牌前停下来，上写着：“索弗罗妮夫人——专营各式头发”。
德拉奔上楼梯，气喘吁吁地定了定神。
那位夫人身躯肥大，过于苍白，冷若冰霜，同“索弗罗妮”的号简直牛头不对马嘴。
“你要买我的头发吗？”德拉问。
“我买头发，”夫人说。
“揭掉帽子，让我看看发样。
”那褐色的瀑布泼撒了下来。
“二十美元，”夫人一边说，一边内行似地抓起头发。
“快给我钱。
”德拉说。
呵，接着而至的两个小时犹如长了翅膀，愉快地飞掠而过。
请不用理会这胡诌的比喻。
她正在彻底搜寻各家店铺，为吉姆买礼物。
终于找到了，那准是专为吉姆特制的，决非为别人。
她找遍了各家商店，哪儿也没有这样的东西，一条朴素的白金表链，镂刻着花纹。
正如一切优质东西那样__________，它只以货色论长短，不以装璜来炫耀。
而且它正配得上那只金表。
她一见这条表链，就知道一定属于吉姆所有。
它就像吉姆本人，文静而有价值——这一形容对两者都恰如其份。
她花去二十一美元买下了，匆匆赶回家，只剩下八角七分钱。
金表匹配这条链子，无论在任何场合，吉姆都可以毫无愧色地看时间了。
尽管这只表华丽珍贵，因为用的是旧皮带取代表链，他有时只偷偷地瞥上一眼。
【小题1】请用简洁的语言概括第一段的内容,并指出这一段在文中的作用.2分)【小题2】请说说你对第2自然段中“破旧的红地毯上溅落了一两滴眼泪”的理解（2分）【小题3】语段中划线句“正如一切优质东西那样”中的“那样”指是(2分)【小题4】“她穿上那件褐色的旧外衣，戴上褐色的旧帽子，眼睛里残留着晶莹的泪花，裙子一摆，便飘出房门，下楼来到街上。
”一句中，两个“旧”字表达了怎样的意思？“飘”字用得好，好在哪里？（2分）1.阅读第一卷的文言文。
（共9分）【小题1】将下列句子翻译成现代汉语。
（1）以天下之所顺，攻亲戚之所畔；故君子有不战，战必胜矣。
（2）入则无法家拂士，出则无敌国外患者，国恒亡。
【小题2】作者认为一个国家走向衰败灭亡的原因是“”。
（用原文回答）（3分）2.阅读下面的文言文，完成后面问题（12分）东方朔救乳母葛洪汉武帝乳母尝于外犯事，帝欲申宪①，乳母求救东方朔。
朔曰：“帝忍而愎②，旁人言之，益死之速耳。
汝临去，慎勿言，但屡顾帝，我当设奇以激之。
”乳母如其言。
朔在帝侧曰：“汝宜速去！帝已壮矣，岂念汝乳哺时恩邪？尚何还顾！”帝虽才雄心忍，亦深有情恋，乃凄然愍③之，即敕免罪。
（选自《西京杂记》，略有改动）【注释】①申宪：依法惩处。
申，按照。
宪，法律。
②愎 bì：固执任性。
③愍 mǐn：哀怜。
【小题1】解释下面句子加点词语的意思（3分）（1）但屡顾帝（）（2）益死之速耳（）（3）乳母如其言（）【小题2】下列加点文言虚词的意义和用法相同的一项是（）（2 分） A．汉武帝乳母尝于外犯事皆以美于徐公B．旁人言之何罪之有 C．我当设奇以激之将以攻宋D．乃凄然愍之乃不知有汉【小题3】用现代汉语翻译下列句子。
（4 分）（1）万钟则不辩礼仪而受之，万钟于我何加焉？。
（2）帝已壮矣，岂念汝乳哺时恩邪？【小题4】内容把握。
（3 分）（1）选文篇幅短小，但情节完整。
请细读选文，摘录文中词语填空。
（1 分）开端：乳母发展：乳母高潮：东方设奇结局：武帝赦免（2）东方朔言“我当设奇以激之”，你认为他的计谋“奇”在何处？（2 分）1.古诗阅读（4分）山中留客(张旭)山光物态弄春晖，莫为轻阴便拟归。
纵使晴阴无雨色，入云深处亦沾衣。
【小题1】首句“山光物态弄春晖”用一“弄”字,有何表达作用? （2分）【小题2】三、四句说“纵使晴阴无雨色，入云深处亦沾衣”为什么会“沾衣”?诗人如此写有何意义? （2分）2.古诗文阅读（共16分）送灵澈上人刘长卿苍苍竹林寺，杳杳钟声晚。
荷笠带夕阳，青山独归远。
【小题1】本诗诗中有画，请描述“苍苍竹林寺，杳杳钟声晚”两句展现的画面。
（3分）【小题2】诗中的“独”字写出了什么景象？表现了诗人什么样的感情？（3分）3.阅读下面的诗歌，完成后面问题。
（3分）田家郑獬田家汩汩流水浑①，一树高花明远村。
云意不知残照②好，却将微雨送黄昏。
【注释】①浑：这里是满的意思。
②残照：夕阳。
【小题1】前两句描绘了一幅流水汩汩、高花满树的景象，其中“______”字尽现田园清朗的意境。
（1分）【小题2】云本无知，诗人却怨云“不知”。
这看似无理的抱怨，蕴含着诗人怎样的思想感情？（2分）____________________________________________________________________1.作文（50分+4分书写分）题目：《我终于战胜了____________》每位同学身上都会存在这样那样的弱点，如：胆怯、自卑、懒惰、粗心……请你结合自己的实际选择一方面，把题目补充完整。
要求：1.结合自己的切身经历，写一篇记叙文；2.要有真情实感；3.字数600左右。