2016年10月全国自考(英美文学选读)真题试卷含答案和解析

2016年10月全国自考（英美文学选读）真题试卷单项选择题
1.Paradise Lost by______was finished in 1665 , after seven years’ labor in darkness.(B)
A. Christopher Marlow
B. John Milton
C. William Shakespeare
D. Ben Johnson
解析：《失乐园》是约翰-弥尔顿的杰作，于1665年完成。

故事取材于旧约，是继《贝奥武甫》之后唯一的一部公认的英国文学中的史诗。

2.Which of the following is NOT written by D. H. Lawrence?(D)
A. Women in Love.
B. Sons and Lovers.
C. The Rainbow.
D. The French Lieutenant’s Woman.
解析：戴维-赫伯特-劳伦斯是20世纪最伟大的小说家之一，他的主要作品有《恋爱中的女人》《儿子与情人》《虹》。

《法国中尉的女人》是约翰-福尔斯的作品。

3.William Shakespeare is one of the giants of______.(B)
A. Aestheticism
B. Renaissance
C. Realism
D. Romanticism
解析：亨利八世统治期间，文艺复兴的春风吹入英国。

在亨利八世的鼓励下，牛津的改革派、学者和人文主义者们将古典文学引入英国。

自此，英国的文艺复兴开始了。

英国，尤其是英国文学进入了黄金时代。

这个时期涌现出了莎士比亚、斯宾塞、琼生、锡德尼、马洛、培根和邓恩等一大批文学巨匠。

4.Which of the following female writers did NOT belong to the Bronte sisters?(D)
A. Anne Bronte.
B. Charlotte Bronte.
C. Emily Bronte.
D. Mary Bronte.
解析：布朗蒂姐妹是指夏洛特-布朗蒂、埃米莉-布朗蒂和安妮-布朗蒂。

5.A Tale of Two Cities by______presents a criticism of the social institutions and morals of Victorian England.(C)
A. William Shakespeare
B. John Keats
C. Charles Dickens
D. George Bernard Shaw
解析：《双城记》是查尔斯-狄更斯的代表作。

它是一部以法国大革命为背景所写成的长篇历史小说．对维多利亚时期英国的社会机构及道
德观念进行了批判。

6.Daniel Defoe’ s first novel______was an immediate success in his life.(A)
A. Robinson Crusoe
B. Gulliver’ s Travels
C. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
D. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
解析：丹尼尔-笛福的第一部也是最受欢迎的小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》是一部体现时代精神的游记历险小说，是他公认的代表作。

7.Pride and Prejudice is the masterpiece of______which tells readers the importance of good judgment in our life.(D)
A. Mary Shelley
B. Charlotte Bronte
C. John Keats
D. Jane Austen
解析：《傲慢与偏见》是英国著名女性小说家简-奥斯汀的代表作之一。

在这部小说中，奥斯汀通过讲述一位富有、骄傲的年轻人达西和漂亮聪明的姑娘伊丽莎白-贝内特之间的爱情故事，微妙地探索了英国上流社会对婚姻、财产、阴谋的价值观，旨在讲述生活中正确判断的重要性。

8.Who wrote one of the most enduring classic poems \(C)
A. William Wordsworth.
B. Alfred Tennyson.
C. Percy Bysshe Shelley.
D. David Burn.
解析：珀-比-雪莱最著名的抒情诗当属《西风颂》。

这首诗语气狂热、易于诵读。

经典名句“如果冬天来了，春天还会远吗?”便是此诗的结尾句。

9.Which of the following is regarded as a \(C)
A. John Keats.
B. William Blake.
C. William Wordsworth.
D. Jane Austen.
解析：威廉-华兹华斯被称为“大自然的膜拜者”。

他能看透自然万物的本质，并将其细致入微地剖析给读者。

短诗《麻雀巢》《致云雀》《致杜鹃》及《致蝴蝶》都是他对自然之美的倾心热爱。

10.Among Thomas Hardy’ s major works, ______is the most cheerful and idyllic.(A)
A. Under the Greenwood Tree
B. Tess of the D’ Urbervilles
C. The Mayor of Casterbridge
D. The Return of the Native
解析：在托马斯-哈代所有作品中，《格林伍德的绿林荫下》是最喜悦、最抒情的。

11.It is not surprising to find in Dreiser’s fiction a world of______, where
\(B)
A. ocean
B. jungle
C. desert
D. imagination
解析：达尔文关于“适者生存”的思想对德莱塞影响巨大。

他的小说中整个世界就是一片丛林，那里的法则是“要么杀人，要么被杀”，自然主义几乎在他的每本书里都得到了体现。

12.Hawthorne’ s view of man and human history originates, to a great extent, in______.(A)
A. Puritanism
B. Platonism
C. Romanticism
D. Realism
解析：在一定程度上，霍桑对人类及人类历史的看法起源于清教。

他认为“一代人的错误行为会遗传到下几代人”，并怀疑自己遗传了他先辈的罪恶。

13.The pursuit of______is approved of repeatedly and affectionately in Whitman’ s poems.(B)
A. independence and liberty
B. love and happiness
C. social reform and innovation
D. logic and reason
解析：惠特曼是美国浪漫主义时期的重要诗人之一，他的作品中洋溢着对爱情和幸福的热情追求。

14.Like Hawthorne, ______is a master of allegory and symbolism.(C)
A. Jack London
B. Henry James
C. Herman Melville
D. William Faulkner
解析：赫尔曼-麦尔维尔和霍桑都是文学大师，擅长寓言体叙事和象征主义手法。

15.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is usually regarded as a classic book written for______about their particular horrors and joys.(D)
A. farmers
B. politicians
C. old women
D. boys
解析：马克-吐温的《汤姆-索亚历险记》是就儿童恐惧和高兴的事儿写的一部儿童经典。

16.The Portrait of a Lady incarnates the clash between the Old World and the New in the life journey of______in a European cultural environment.(A)
A. an American girl
B. an American boy
C. an American poet
D. an American farmer
解析：《贵妇人的画像》被认为是詹姆斯的代表作，具体表现了一个美国姑娘在欧洲文化氛围中的生活历程及欧美文化的冲突。

17.Over 500 poems Dickinson wrote are about______, in which her general skepticism about the relationship between man and nature is well-expressed.(D)
A. war
B. polities
C. philosophy
D. nature
解析：狄金森的诗歌创作开始于19世纪50年代的早期，她总共写了1775首诗，在她生前只有7首发表。

她有500多首诗是关于自然的，诗中很好地表达了她对人与自然关系的怀疑。

18.With the publication of Sister Carrie and other works, Dreiser became one of the most significant writers of the school later known as______.(D)
A. transcendentalism
B. magic realism
C. cubism
D. literary naturalism
解析：德莱塞是美国著名的自然主义作家。

他为大家所知的作品有《嘉
丽妹妹》《黑人杰夫》《老罗高姆和他的特丽萨》《金融家》《巨头》《斯多葛》《天才》《美国悲剧》《德莱塞眼中的俄国》等。

19.In 1961 , in ill health, anxiety and deep depression, ______shot himself with a hunting gun.(B)
A. Jack London
B. Ernest Hemingway
C. Ezra Pound
D. Theodore Dreiser
解析：1961年，迫于多病、焦虑和抑郁，欧内斯特-海明威用猎枪开枪自杀。

20.. North of Boston is described by its author, Frost, as \(B)
A. a book of animals
B. a book of people
C. a fiction of future
D. a fiction of civil war
解析：弗洛斯特的《波士顿以北》被称为“一本关于人的书”，对新英格兰的人物及其背景写得很深刻。

21.Farewell to Arms by Hemingway tells us a story about the tragic love affair of a wounded American soldier with______.(A)
A. a British nurse
B. a British doctor
C. an American nurse
解析：《永别了，武器》是海明威第2部成名作。

小说讲的是一个受伤的美国士兵与一个英国护士的爱情悲剧，反映的是20年代整个年代和整代人的面貌。

22.In any list of important poets______, regardless of nationality, Robert Lee Frost commands a place.(D)
A. in the 17th century
B. in the 18th century
C. in the 19th century
D. in the 20th century
解析：罗伯特-弗洛斯特是20世纪的重要诗人之一。

他获过4次普利策文学奖，被称之为美国文学中的桂冠诗人。

23.Dickinson’ s greatest rendering of the moment of______is to be found in her masterpiece, \(B)
A. life
B. death
C. growth
D. illness
解析：艾米莉-狄金森与宗教有关的诗是关于死亡和不朽的，包括身体、心理和情感三个方面。

狄金森最伟大的关于死之时刻的描写是“我死时——听见一只苍蝇嗡鸣——”，这首诗被普遍认为是她的杰作。

24.Daisy Miller, a novella about______who gets \(A)
B. a young American boy
C. a cab driver
D. a traveling salesman
解析：中篇小说《黛西-米勒》发表于1878年，是詹姆斯早期有关国际主题的小说之一。

这部小说使詹姆斯在国际上一举成名。

黛西-米勒从此成为在欧洲的美国姑娘的形象，是美国精神的代表。

25.Life on the Mississippi tells a story of Mark Twain’ s boyhood ambition to become______.(C)
A. a farmer
B. a policeman
C. a riverboat pilot
D. a driver
解析：马克-吐温的《密西西比河上的生活》讲述了他童年时代想当领航员乘船在密西西比河上穿梭的理想。

26.Moby-Dick is difficult to read because much of the talk in the novel is______and much of the language is purposely old-fashioned and Elizabethan.(B)
A. doctor’ s talk
B. sailor’ s talk
C. farmer’ s talk
D. soldier’ s talk
解析：在麦尔维尔有关航海历险的书中，《白鲸》最好，达到了他创作的高峰。

它不仅仅是海上生活的生动描述，而且也象征追求宇宙真理的心路历程，对人类现实和心理的精神探索。

《白鲸》这部小说之所以难以读懂在于小说大部分是关于水手们的谈论，特意使用过时的和伊丽莎白时代的语言。

27.As Whitman saw it, ______could play a vital part in the process of creating a new nation.(D)
A. industry
B. agriculture
C. novels
D. poetry
解析：惠特曼认为，诗歌可以塑造一个新的民族精神，可以帮助脱离欧洲思想和殖民地统治的影响，还可以帮助美国人民理解其新的地位和在新的充满无限可能的国家里给自己定位。

28.\(B)
A. goodness
B. evil
C. generosity
D. faith
解析：在《胎记》中霍桑一针见血地指出邪恶就是人类与生俱来的胎记。

29.\(A)
A. Pride and Prejudice
B. Wuthering Heights
C. Jane Eyre
D. Sense and Sensibility
解析：“世上有条众人皆知的真理：但凡有钱的单身男子，必定想找位太太。

”这句引言出自简-奥斯汀的小说《傲慢与偏见》。

30.\(B)
A. urban life
B. rural life
C. class struggle
D. social reform
解析：托马斯-哈代常被认为是一位承前启后的作家，他的作品深受新旧两种文学理论的影响。

像一些人说的一样，在写作技巧与才思方面他属于新派，而在情感上却十分传统。

在他的“威塞克斯小说”中有一种明显的怀旧情结——饱含深情地描写尽管落后却美丽单纯的乡村，以及对这种乡村生活随着英国进入工业时代而渐渐衰落的惆怅。

31.Who is the greatest critical realist writers of the Victorian Age?(B)
A. Samuel Johnson
B. Charles Dickens
C. Jane Austen
D. D. H. Laurence
解析：查尔斯-狄更斯是维多利亚时期伟大的批判现实主义作家之一，
他以揭露、抨击社会的贫穷、不公、虚伪与腐败为己任。

32.The poem \(A)
A. Songs of Experience
B. Songs of Innocence
C. Marriage of Heaven and Hell
D. The Book of Los
解析：威廉-布莱克是英国一位重要的浪漫主义诗人。

《经验之歌》是他早期的代表作之一，描绘了—个截然不同的世界，一个充满苦难、贫穷、疾庙与战争的世界，笔调也极为忧伤压抑。

《老虎》是《经验之歌》中一首象征性很强的革命抒情诗。

33.Shelly expressed his love for freedom in his poem______.(D)
A. To a Skylark
B. The Cloud
C. Queen Mab
D. Ode to Liberty
解析：雪莱是英国最伟大的诗人之一，尤其是在抒情诗方面。

《自由颂》是他极为优秀的作品之一，他在此诗中表达了对自由的热爱。

34.The Waste Land is the most important single poem by______.(D)
A. George Bernard Shaw
B. W. B. Yeats
C. John Keats
D. T. S. Eliot
解析：T-S-艾略特是著名诗人、剧作家和文学批评家，现代派诗歌运动领袖，1922年发表的《荒原》为他赢得了国际声誉，被评论界看作20世纪最有影响力的一部诗作，被认为是英美现代诗歌的里程碑。

35.George Bernard Shaw was a(n)______, who composed Pygmalion.(A)
A. playwright
B. poet
C. novelist
D. essayist
解析：萧伯纳是英国现代杰出的现实主义戏剧作家。

他一生共写了50多部戏，《皮格马利翁》是他中期创作的戏剧之一。

36.D. H. Laurence’ s first novel, ______, is a remarkable work of a young man, acutely observant of nature and delighting in story.(D)
A. The Trespasser
B. The Rainbow
C. Sons and Lovers
D. The White Peacock
解析：《白孔雀》是英国文学家戴维-赫伯特-劳伦斯的第一部小说，创作于1911年。

小说主要讲述了一个年轻人热衰于观察大自然的故事。

37.Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte is a story of a(n)______which is based on her own experience.(D)
A. explorer
B. peasant
C. worker
D. governess
解析：夏洛特-布朗蒂的小说《简-爱》是维多利亚时期最重要也是最受欢迎的小说之一。

小说讲述了一位家庭女教师在各种磨难中不断追求自由与尊严，坚持自我，最终获得幸福的故事。

38.Charles Dickens writes best when he writes from the______point of view.(B)
A. poor’ s
B. child’ s
C. adult’ s
D. rich’ s
解析：查尔斯-狄更斯对人物的塑造是他小说中的一大优点。

他刻画得最鲜灵生动的形象是那些无辜又深受迫害的儿童。

39.Mrs. Warren’ s Profession, writte n by______, was a play about the economic oppression of women.(D)
A. John Galsworthy
B. William Butler Yeats
C. T. S. Eliot
D. George Bernard Shaw
解析：萧伯纳一生共写了50多部戏，主题非常丰富。

他早年的作品都与社会问题有关，坦率地揭露了当时的社会、经济、道德、宗教中的罪恶。

萧伯纳的戏剧《华伦夫人的职业》反映了妇女们在经济上受
到的压迫。

40.Which of the following is considered to be the best known English dramatist since Shakespeare?(D)
A. Oscar Wilde.
B. John Galsworthy.
C. William Butler Yeats.
D. George Bernard Shaw.
解析：萧伯纳是英国现代杰出的现实主义戏剧作家，在戏剧方面被公认为自莎士比亚之后英国最优秀的戏剧大师。

阅读理解
41.So she vanquished them, horse and foot, just as she had vanquished their fathers thirty years before about the smell. That was two years after her father’ s death and a short time after her sweetheart—the one we believed would marry her—had deserted her. After her father’ s death she went out very little; after her sweetheart went away, people hardly saw her at all. A few of the ladies had the temerity to call, but were not received, and the only sign of life about the place was the Negro man—a young man then—going in and out with a market basket. Questions:
A. What is the title of the story from which the excerpt is taken? Who is the author?
B. What does the phrase \
A. \
解析：
42.We paused before a House that seemed
A Swelling of the Ground—
The Roof was scarcely visible—
The Cornice—in the Ground—
Since then—’ tis Centuries—and yet
Feels shorter than the Day
I first surmised the Horses’ Heads
Were toward Eternity—
Questions:
A. Who wrote this poem?
B. What does the \
A. Dickinson.
B. It refers to the grave.
C. In this poem Dickinson personifies death and immortality so as to
make her message strongly felt.
解析：
43.O, Cathy! Oh, my life! How can I bear it?’ was the first sentence he uttered, in a tone that did not seek to disguise his despair.
And how he stared at her so earnestly that I thought the very intensity of his gaze would bring tears into his eyes; but they burned with anguish, they did not melt.
Questions:
A. What is the title of the novel from which the excerpt is taken? Who is the author?
B. Who are the two speakers?
C. What does this excerpt tell us about the speakers?
A. Wuthering Heights. Emily Bronte.
B. Catherine and Heathcliff.
C. The love and revenge between Catherine and Heathcliff.
解析：
44.I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o’ er vales and hil ls,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
……
For oft, when on my couch I lie
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.
Questions:
A. What is the title of the poem from which the stanzas are taken? Who is the author?
B. What figure of speech is used in the first line?
C. What do \
A. \
解析：
简答题
45.How did Theodore Dreiser contribute to the American literature through his literary creation?
He broke away from the genteel tradition of literature and dramatized the life in a very realistic way. There is no comment, no judgment but facts of life in the stories. His style is not polished but very serious and well calculated to achieve the thematic ends he sought.
解析：
46.How do you comment on Whitman’ s literary innovation in terms of the form of his poetry?
Whitman is radically innovative in terms of the form of his poetry. What he prefers for his new subject and new poetic feelings is \
解析：
47.In what way is Thomas Hardy regarded as a transitional writer?
In Thomas Hardy’ s works, we can see the influence from both the past and the modern. He is intellectually advanced and emotionally traditional. In his Wessex novels, there is an apparent nostalgic touch of
the simple and beautiful rural life. The impact of scientific discoveries and modern philosophic thoughts upon the man is quite obvious.
解析：
48.Why is Charlotte Bronte considered as a writer of realism combined with romanticism?
She presents a vivid realistic picture of the English society by exposing the hypocrisy and evils of the upper classes, and the misery of the poor. Her writings are marked throughout by an intensity of vision and passion. Her writing are the truthful presentation of the economical, moral, social life of the time.
解析：
论述题
49.Hemingway’s world is limited and he measures his limited range of characters against an unvarying code. Briefly discuss this code established by Hemingway through his writings.
Hemingway deals with a limited range of characters in quite similar
circumstances and measures them against an unvarying code, known as \ 解析：
50.Give a brief comment on T. S. Eliot and his The Waste Land.
T. S. Eliot was an American-born British poet and won various awards, including the Nobel Prize and Order of Merit in 1948. His major achievement in play writing has been the creation of a verse drama to express the ideas and action of modern society with new accents of the contemporar y speech. The Waste Land is Eliot’ s most important single poem. It has been hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th-century English poetry. It presents a panorama of physical disorder and spiritual desolation in the modern Western world, and reflects the prevalent mood of disillusionment and despair of a whole post-war generation.
解析：。