上海牛津新版9A-U3-知识点总结
牛津版9A Chapter 3章节知识点
9A Chapter 31.luck n.运气luckily adv. 幸运地lucky adj.幸运的Good luck with your trip.Luckily,Mr Li was in his office when I called.2.learn 相关短语learn from sb. 向某人学习learn…from 从…学习…learn…by heart 背诵；记住learn one‟s lesson 吸取教训learn of/about 得知learn…by oneself 自学learn from sb. 向某人学习3.run v.举办；管理；经营Her uncle ran a toy company in Guangzhou ten years ago.4.famous 著名的well-knownbe famous/well-known for 以…而闻名be famous as 作为…而出名Hangzhou is famous for producing silk in China.5.send in 将某物寄出某物（参加比赛或进行处理）Have you send in your name for the contest?send sb. down 开除；勒令退学send for sb.请某人来send sth. out 分发某物send up 发射e down 下来come up with 找到；提出come from 从…来，来自The boy comes from Australia. They‟ve come up with a good idea.come before(after) 在…之前（继…之后）Saturday comes after Friday.come up 长出地面；破土而出The seeds are just beginning to come up.come along 跟随；随同；赶快加把劲Will you come along with us for a walk?come back=get back 或return He will come back in a week.come about 发生Can you tell me howthe accident came about？come on 进行；发展；好啦；赶快；加油；走吧Come on! We don‟t have much time.come over 顺便来访；从远处来Would you please come over to my house tonight?come to oneself 恢复知觉；苏醒The old man came to himself three hours after the operation.7.time 时间；次数；倍数She has been to Shanghai three times.all the time 始终；总是at any time 在任何时候at the same time 同时by the time 到…时候from time to time 偶尔；有时take one‟s time 慢慢来；别着急in no time 立刻in time 及时on time 准时at times 有时have a good/nice/great time 玩的开心8.disappear vi. 消失disappear 反义appear The boy disappeared around the street corner.9.no longer/not …any longer 指情况或状态的不在存在或延续We are no longer young. We aren‟t young any longer.no more/not…any more 一般指动作或行为的不在发生或重复The farmers no more use animals to do farm work. The farmers don‟t use animals to do farm work any more. 10.一段时间+later …之后We arrived in Beijing one Tuesday,and two later we left for Shanghai.We‟ll arrive in Beijing on Tuesday,and two days later we‟ll leave for Shanghai.11.look down 俯视look up 向上看；查阅The man looked down at me and made no reply. Don‟t look up.Don‟t look up every new word in the dictionary while you‟ve reading.Try to guess its meaning.12.huge 巨大的This is a huge ship in the river. 表体积大，超过一般标准。
牛津9A Unit3知识点归纳难点解析语法复习
牛津9A-Unit3知识点归纳、难点解析、语法复习．Teenage problems 9A Unit 3【短语归纳】变胖 1.get fat 过于担心吃太多/ worry too much2.eat too much3.try more exercise 多加锻炼/ sometimes/at times4.from time to time 时而不时睡得 sleep well5.get enough sleep得到足够的睡眠好 6.feel tired in class在课堂上感到累开着、进行着7.be onmake me mad 8.drive me mad使我发疯≈close no 有亲密的朋友/ have 9.have close friends 没有亲密的朋友friends 感到孤独10.feel lonely 发出许多噪音11.make a lot of noise 整天12.all day exams tests and 有太多的考试13.get too manyquiz ---- test ----- exam （越来越正式）考试14.have enough sleep 有足够的睡眠15.be too noisy at home家里太吵a got ) = have 16.have aproblem(with… .)……问题problem(with…)有(不和家family members 17.no communication with 人交流级级学生18.a Grade 9student一个9 how ….deal with….. 怎样处理2怎样处理what …. do with….. 19. 除了做某事别无其20. have no choice but to do sth他选择呆在外面很晚 stay out late 21. stay up late 熬夜拒绝做某事22. refuse to do sth代词放中间 ( ; 上交hand out分发 23. hand inhand it in)及时按时、准时; in time24. on time 有业余时间25. have spare time向某人提供某物26. offer sbsth/offer sth to s收到某人的来信hear from sb. （瞬间动词）27.= get /receive a letterfrom sb. （瞬间动词）= have aletter from sb.（延续性动词）28. be crazy about对……很着迷29. plenty of 大量，充足≈a lot of30. get into trouble 陷入麻烦/陷入困境31. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 allow doingsth允许做某事32. love of football对足球的喜爱33. be strict with sb对某人严格be strict with sb. in sth.在某事上对某人要求严格34. feel stressed感到有压力的35. sb+spend +时间或金钱…on +sth某人在某事上花费（时间或金钱）36. spend less time on …. 在…上花较少的时间337. achieve a balance between…and …在…..和….之间获得平衡38. succeed in doing sth成功地做某事= be successfulin doing sth.= do sth. successfully39. feel bad about感觉……不好40. make a list of列一个……的清单41. work …out解出…..(代词放中间)42. get/receive low/high marks得到低/高分43. at the moment = at present = now目前44. wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事45. wish to do sth = hope to do sth.希望做某事46. work out算出、解出47. forget about sth忘记有关……的事48. take a bus乘公交车49. get angry生气、发怒50. feel stressed s感到有压力51. advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事52. be good for sb. 对某人有益53. be useful to sb对某人有用54. give sb. advice 给某人提建议55. a piece of advice = a suggestion一则建议 twopieces of advice = two suggestions 两则建议56. an hour or two = one or two hours两个小时57. join in some activities 参加一些活动58. revise for tests复习迎考59. share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物60. have a lot of homework to do 有很多家庭作业做461. tell sb about sth告诉某人有关……的事62. need to do sth需要做某事63. have a test 考试64. solve the problems 解决问题65. turn down the TV/把电视声音开小些 turn up开大些 turn on 开turn off 关66. write to sb给某人写信67. youth workers青少年辅导员68. help sb. out 帮助某人脱离困境69. the top student尖子生70. suffer from sth遭受……之苦71. pay no attention to…不注意/在意…..72. take turns to do …轮流做….73. reply to (my e-mails) 回复(我的电子邮件)74. my last three e-mails 我最近的三封邮件75. not…. any more = no more 不再 not……any longer = no longer 76. Thank sb for doing sth感谢某人做某事77. laugh at sb/sth 嘲笑某人/某物78. ask sb for advice向某人征询意见ask sb for help向某人求助79. shout at sb对某人大喊80. choose to do sth选择做某事81. blame your parents责备你的父母82. be worried about sth/sb为某事/某人而担忧83. keep quiet保持安静84. keep one's worries to oneself把烦恼闷在心里585. take a holiday 休假86. the cause of stress产生压力的原因87. solve the problem解决问题88. feel bad about your weight对体重感到糟糕89. keep fit = keep healthy保持健康90. Why not go walking ? 为什么不去散步呢？Why not go for a walk? Why not take / have a walk?100. have a delicious meal美餐一顿101. be proud of …= take pride in…为…….感到骄傲102. plan your day carefully 精心计划你的每一天【句型归纳及难点解析】1. 青少年问题 teenage problems 青少年的（13—19 岁的）青少年 teen = teenager (13—19 岁的青少年)2.有 have got (英式) = have (美式) and fatter / get get fat /3.变胖变得越来越胖fatterI am getting fatter and 这些天我越来越胖fatter these days… be good at… = do well in4. 擅长于….be weak in…. 在…方面弱…be good for…….有好处对 be useful to …有用对……我知道体育运动对我我擅长英语但我体育较差。
牛津9AU3知识点
9AUnit3 Teenage problems一、难点解析Words1.teenage(adj.青)少年的 teenager(n.)青少年2.mark n. 分数 marks(pl.) full marks 满分 high marks 高分 low marks 低分3.mad adj.发疯的；生气的drive sb. mad 使某人受不了be mad at生的气4.perhaps adv. 或许，可能，多用于句首，指有礼貌地提出请求或建议等。
5.deal vi. deal-dealt-dealt对付，处理 how to deal with, =what to do with, 怎样处理 ,,6.imagine vt. vi. 想象；设想 imagine sth. imagine doing sth.7.worth adj.值得；值钱 be (well) worth(doing) something8. suggestion n.建议用作可数名词many suggestionsadvice 也意为“建议”，常用作不可数名词 a piece of advice9. strict adj.严格的，严厉的be strict with sb. 对某人严厉be strict in sth.对某事严格10. silence n.安静；寂静；沉默不可数名词in silence 安静地 keep silence保持沉默silent adj.安静的；沉默的11.worry n.担心的；令人担忧的事，表示具体的令人担忧的事为可数名词。
v. worry about adj. be worried about12.reply n.答复，回答复数为replies v. reply to13.progress n. 进展，进步不可数名词 make (much) progress14.pronounce v发.音 pronunciation n.15.be of sb’s age与 ,, 同龄at the age of在 ,, 岁时for ages 多年Welcome to the unit1. What ’s wrong, Eddie?What’s wrong (with )? =What’s the matter (with )?e.g.-What’s wrong, Jim? -I left my umbrella on the bus.-What’s wrong with the bus? -It ’s broken.2.I ’m getting fat. (get 为系动词 +adj.)e.g. It’s getting hotter and hotter.3.You eat too much.too much太多，修饰不可数名词too many 太多，修饰可数名词much too 太 ,, ，修饰形容词4. Why not eat less and exercise (v.) more?可数名词，意为“操；习题”do morning/eye exercises不可数名词，意为“锻炼” e.g. You can try your best and enjoy the exercise.5. The TV is always on at my home. be on（adv.）意为“开着的”e.g. Don’tleave the lights on.副词 on 构成的短语还有 turn on; move on; put on 6.The noise almost drives me mad.noise n. noisy adj. noisier noisily adv. more noisily 固定结构drive/make sb. mad (drive-drove-driven)Reading1.I do not know how I should deal with it.我不知道我该如何处理它。
牛津英语9AUnitUnit3单词短语重难点解析
牛津英语9AUnitUnit3单词短语重难点解析牛津9A Unit3 teenage problems 重点单词短语解析一．单词讲解1.mad的用法mad是形容词，意为“发疯的；生气的”。
drive sb mad使某人发疯/狂，mad在这里做宾补。
madly疯狂地。
be mad at sb 生某人的气。
go mad变疯了根据汉语意思完成句子1)．工厂的噪音甚至使人发狂。
The noise in the factory even _____ ______ ________.2)．他在街上疯狂地开着车。
He drove_________in the street．单项选择3)．(绍兴中考)Linda’s teacher was so mad ____ her because she made lots of mistakes in the test．A．at B．in C．on D．about4)．(武汉中考)一what’s up?一I c an’t stand the noise outside．It’s nearly___ me m ad．A．keeping B．turning C．causing D．driving2. lonely的用法lonely用做形容词，意为“孤独的，寂寞的，表示人内心的一种感觉。
alone不能作定语，意为“单独，独自”，不带感情色彩。
alone 做副词时，含义相当于by oneself.选用lonely或alone填空5)．He was ___in the classroom·6)．They took him to a _____ house.7)．Don't leave your child ______.8)．Now he was old, he felt very _________.3. choice的用法choice是名词，意为“选择，挑选”，have no choice but to…意为“别无选择，只能……”。
牛津英语9A Unit 3
牛津英语9A Unit 31. 你允许他使用你的电话吗?D o you ____________ him to use your telephone?1. 请回答我的问题。
Please____________my question.2. 她头没抬，也不回答。
She didn’t lift her head, and made no___________.二、语法点拨1. 动词不定式动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。
有些动词不定式不带to，动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。
不定式保留动词的某些特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。
动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语，叫作不定式短语。
(1)作主语It is + adj.(形容词)/n.(名词)+ (for sb.) + to-v (动词不定式)It is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge. 尽力处理每个挑战是我们的职责。
(2)作表语主语+ be + to-v (动词不定式)My dream is to become a policeman. 我的梦想就是当一名警察。
(3)作宾语①主语+ vt. (He prefers to eat rice.②主语+ vt. (Don’t forget to bring your book next time.③主语动词不定式)I find it difficult to remember everything.我觉得记住每一件事是困难的。
④主语动词不定式)I don’t know whether to go there.(4)作定语不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。
不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系：①表示将来的动作。
The next train to arrive is from Washington.②与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，如是不及物动词，则需加介词。
牛津英语9A Unit3 Teenage problems知识总结
Unit3 Teenage problems重要单词，词组stomach复数stomachs break the silence打破宁静ask sb. for advice向某人寻求建议get replies得到回应write a letter to sb.写信给某人top students尖子生get high marks in exams 在考试中得高分make her feel bad使他感到悲伤call sb. a bookworm称呼某人为书虫find sports difficult 发现运动很难be unhappy with your weight对你的体重不满意students of our age同龄学生keep sth. to oneselt 对…秘而不宣care too much about marks太注重分数重要句型1.Why not eat less and exercise more?exercise (v) 运动，锻炼(cn.)练习题目；操do eye exercises做眼保健操do morning exercises做早操(un.) 锻炼eg: There are many exercises in the book.If you don’t take more exercise you’ll get fat.2.The TV is always on at my home. The noise almost drives me mad.on 指机器或电器工作或运转着，反义词是off, be on“上演，开着”eg: The film has been on for half an hour.The light in the office is still on.Oh, I forgot to turn it off.drive过去式drove mad 比较级madder3.I don’t have any close friends. Sometimes I feel lonely.close (adj) 亲密的，亲近的；靠近的be close to 靠近(v) 关，关闭closed(adj) 关着的，表示一种状态closely (adv) 仔细地，密切地eg: She is one of my closest friends.The school is close to my home.The shop has been closed for two days.He watched closely.lonely & alonelonely (adj) 孤独的，寂寞的，有感情色彩feel lonely感觉孤独荒凉的，偏僻的，一般修饰地点 a lonely village 一个荒凉的村庄alone 单独地，独自地，强调客观上的单独，无感情色彩live alone独自居住Though I am alone, I am not lonely. 虽然我独自一人，我并不孤独。
牛津英语9A_Unit_3重点词组重点句归纳总结
牛津英语9A U3必背词组、句型词组：1.get fat 变胖2.drive me mad 使我发疯3.make a lot of noise 制造很多噪音4.have no communication with family members 和家庭成员没有交流5.feel lonely 感到寂寞6.deal with = do with ☆处理它7.have no choice but to do it ☆没有选择只能做8.stay up late ☆熬夜到很晚plete the exercises 完成练习10.refuse to do so much work ☆拒绝做这么多的工作11.hand it in on time ☆准时上交12.have spare time for my hobbies ☆有空闲时间为我的爱好13.such as 例如14.be worth working so hard ☆值得工作这么努力15.look forward to +名词/doing 期待16.so that 以致于17.offer me some suggestions ☆给我提供一些建议18.be of great value to me ☆= be very valuable to me 对我很有价值19.hear from ☆ = receive a letter from 收到某人的来信20.be crazy about 对……很疯狂，热衷于21.plenty of friends ☆很多朋友22.stay out late ☆在外面待到很晚23.get into trouble 陷入麻烦当中，有困难24.allow me to play outside ☆允许我在外面玩25.be strict with sb in sth 在某事方面对某人很严格26.achieve a balance between my schoolwork and my hobbies在我的学业和爱好之间获得平衡27.keep a balance between study and hobbies ☆在学习和爱好之间保持平衡28.plan your day carefully 认证地规划你的一天29.revise for tests 为考试复习30.have some problems with sth 在某方面有一些困难31.have some problems (in) doing 有困难做某事32.to tell you the truth 告诉你事实33.care only about marks 只关心分数34.pay no attention to ☆+名词/doing 不注意35.reply to ☆回复36.suffer from stress ☆遭受压力之苦37.in this way 以这种方式38.shout at him 对他吼39.blame your parents 责怪你的父母40.keep their worries to themselves ☆只让他们自己知道他们的困扰41.many students of my age 和我年龄大一样的很多学生42.one way to solve this problem 解决这个问题的一种方式43.feel less worried 感到没那么焦虑44.quarrel with 和……吵架句型：1.I don’t have any close friends to talk to. (43) 我没有亲近的朋友可以交谈。
牛津9A Unit3知识点
9A U3【welcome】1.Hobo,I have a problem.problem 难以解决的问题或麻烦事，也指数学，物理的习题，常与动词solve,work out搭配question指需要寻找答案的问题，常与动词ask,answer连用2.What's wrong with sb?＝What's the matter with sb?＝What's the trouble?3.I'm getting fat.[get]①系动词“变得，成为” ①adj.①及物动词“得到，使”get sb to do sth.让某人做某事get sth done让某事被做4.The TV is always on at my home.[on]①adv.处于工作状态；在进行中....be on 反义词:....be off①adv.进行下去，向前移动move on向前移动go on进行下去①prep.在....上面（两者有接触面）5.The noise drive me mad.drive sb mad使某人发疯/受不了[mad] be mad about sth因某事生气be mad at/with sb生某人的气6. sometime 用when提问some time 用how long提问sometimes 用how often提问some times 用how many times提问7.8.get low/high marks得低/高分9.take /do an exam参加考试pass an exam通过考试fail an exam考试不及格10.Perhaps you should manange your time better.[manage]①动词“合理安排，有效使用（金钱、时间等）”manage your time better更好地合理安排你的时间①动词“设法做到” manage to do sth设法做成某事，努力完成某事①动词“控制，管理” 名词:manager 经理，管理者【reading】1.I don't know how I should deal with it.处理，应付deal with和how连用do with和what连用2.I have no choice but to do it.[choice]①不可数名词“选择权，选择的可能性”have no choice but to do sth别无选择只能做某事①可数名词“选择” 动词:chosechose to do sth＝make a choice to do sth选择做某事[but]连词①除...之外I have no choice but to leave.►but前无实义动词do/does/did时，but后的不定式要带to Last night I did nothing but watch TV.►but前有实义动词do/does/did时，but后的不定式省略tobut 除...之外；只有but后的词是仅有或存在的内容，通常与no,nothing,nobody等表示否定的词（组）连用except 除…之外（不再有）指从整体排除expect后的人或物，常与all,everybody,everything等词连用besides除…之外（还有）是指在原来的基础上加上besides后的人或物but/except besides②“但是”，表示转折3.stay up熬夜4.Then I sometimes find it hard to stay awake the next day.awake & wakeawakeadj.醒着的be awake醒着vt/vi醒来；唤醒awake sb唤醒某人5.I know it is important to finish all my homework on tome.[time]构成的短语all the time一直from time ti time偶尔，有时at times有时，偶尔at all times随时，总是at a time每次，逐一at the same time同时6.However,I hardly have any spare time for my hobbies like volleyball ans music.[hardly] adv.几乎不➢相当于almost not➢位于连系动词，be动词，助动词或情态动词之后➢实义动词之前➢hardly 为否定副词，出现在反义疑问句中时，后面的附加疑问部分要用肯定式。
上海牛津版9AU3知识点汇总
. 想法，看法，意见词组：’. , .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . 责任拓展：. ……对……负责资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途.. . 死，死亡拓展：. 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途(, ) . 死；凋零. 无生命地，呆板地. 临终地，垂死地. . 尊重，慎重对待拓展：.. . 忠实地，忠诚地拓展：. 信仰，信任.. .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途译：.译：. . 杂乱，粪便. . 这个房间又脏又乱.拓展：一大堆…；把…弄糟乱糟糟，一团糟. ' ..资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . 极其，非常拓展：. 极端地，偏激地. 极端，极其偏激地事物. . 不快乐地，悲伤地拓展：反义词：副词：.否定前缀, 加在名词，形容词，副词之前如: (未完成地); (无疑地); (不快乐地)资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途否定前缀, 加在形容词，名词之前如：(不正确地)，(无能, 无力)，(不准确地)资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途一加在字母，，之前如：(不可能地)，(不礼貌地). . 感到惊讶地拓展：因…….感到惊讶同义词：，令人惊讶地同类地词：. . 震惊地. .. . 一定（量）地拓展：.. ?.’ ’ .. . 金鱼合成词：. . .举例：资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . 道歉搭配：.资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途词转：.. 因某事而道歉. .. . （书刊、电影等地）评论；. 回顾，检查二、词组．从左到右肩并肩地；一起．成长；长大．据(……所说)…同义句：’．关爱拓展：照顾; 喜欢．因此；结果拓展：起因于．… 阻止某事发生．．. 立即；马上同义词： .. ., . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. ' 而且．．' ，．资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. 为……付钱．．．资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途其他表示“花费”地词地主语通常是人，往往用于以下句型：() ／．() ／() ．.() ．() 常用于“占用、花费”时间，其主语通常为形式主语“”或物.句式是：／．．．．. ．资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途．() 为“付款、赔偿”之意，主语通常是人，往往是．或．( )．.?() 地主语必须是某物.．(.) .．$．. … … 不但……而且……连接主语时，谓语动词应和邻近地主语保持一致.相似地有：… … ; … …资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途例句：. 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途三、课文精讲. ' ，' ．资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途．．’ ．资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途【知识拓展】作形式主语主要用于下列两种情况．／．／．(形容词或名词) ．．．．．．．．．．资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途．.资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. ．. .“许多”；“一小部分”；“许多；大量”例句：. 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途【辨析】与表示“一批；一些；许多”；是不定数量词，如同, , , 一样.因此，“ 复数名词”作主语时，其谓语动词用复数.资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途例句：. 表示“……地数（目）”，是中心词，其谓语动词必须用单数.资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途例：.. .）… “使……感到”，这种结构是动词后跟不带地不定式.相同用法地表示使、令、让、帮、叫等意义地不完全及物动词（使役动词）主要有：资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途例句：.），，，，等连系动词后面跟形容词.例： .. . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途) “支付”，常用句型结构为：资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途例句：表示现在或将来地可能性.例句：【辨析】, , ,它们都可以用来表示可能性，但语气强弱有所不同. 语气最强，表示可能性最大；其次是和；语气最弱，表示可能性最小.资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途巩固练习. 选择合适地单词或短语来代替划线部分.. . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途( ) . .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途( ) . .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途( ) . .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途( ) . , .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途( ) . : ? : ’ .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. 用所给单词地适当形式填空.. . ()资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . ()资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . . ()资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. , ’ . ()资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. ! . ()资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . ()资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. (); () . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . ()资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. “ ?” . ()资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . ()资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. , ?. (). ’ , . 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()资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途四、语法一）、情态动词地被动语态、定义：含有情态动词地被动语态用来说明某人或某物被动性动作所反映出地感情和态度.例：. . 应该在山上种许多树. 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . （改为被动语态）→ ( ).. ’ . 这道题轻易算不出来. 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. ? 这项工作必须立即完成吗？、含情态动词被动语态地构成根据上述例子填写下列空格. 含有情态动词地被动语态地结构为：情态动词及物动词地.. 含有情态动词地主动语态变为被动语态时，要把主动语态地变成被动语态地主语.. 变为否定句时只需要在情态动词后加.. 变为一般疑问句时只需把提到句首.、句式变换含有情态动词地被动语态地疑问句、否定句地变化均需借助于情态动词来完成.. 一般疑问句.直接将被动语态地陈述句中地情态动词提到句首.例如：.→ ?.→ ?. 特殊疑问句.由疑问词加上含有情态动词地被动语态地一般疑问句构成.例如：? 这本书在什么地方能被找到呢？? 我地作业必须什么时候交？. 反意疑问句.附加问句部分要用“情态动词主语”.例如：’ , ? 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途这本书不应被带出图书馆，是吗？. 否定句.在情态动词后面加上即可.例如：. 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途十四岁地孩子不应该被允许开车.【】对于含有情态动词地被动语态地一般疑问句地回答，一般应保留原句中地情态动词，但表“必须”时，其否定回答应用’.资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途例如：—? 我地作业应在今天完成吗？资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途—, . , ’. 是地，应在今天完成. 不，不应在今天完成.资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途—? 他地练习本必须立即上交吗？资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途—, . , ’. 是地，必须立即上交. 不，不必立即上交.资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途二）、副词副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构.、副词地位置：）在动词之前.）在动词、助动词之后.）多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后.资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途注意：. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡... 方式副词，糟、坏，等只放在句尾..资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途、副词地排列顺序：）时间，地点副词，小单位地在前，大单位在后.）方式副词，短地在前，长地在后，并用或等连词连接..）多个不同副词排列：程度地点方式时间副词.资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途副词可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词.(错) .(对).资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途副词要放在形容词地后面，形容词放在名词前后都可.' ...资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途、副词地构成方法：大多数副词都是由“形容词＋后缀”构成地，例如：, , , 等.形容词变副词规则：①. 在形容词词尾直接加.如; ; ; 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途; ; 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途②. 以辅音字母加结尾地形容词要变为, 再加.如; ;③. 某些以辅音字母加不发音地字母结尾和以结尾地形容词要先去掉,然后再加或.如; ;注意: ; ; ，，等词是形容词而非副词. 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途④. 英语中还有少数与形容词同形地副词，例如：, , , , , , , , 等.资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途判断下列单词地词性：跳高项目（）跳得高（）行得快地汽车（）开快车（）早起地人（）起得早（）资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途直线（）. 一直朝前走.（）资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. 副词还可以由形容词加前缀得来,如(.) (.). 部分名词加后缀也可变成副词,如.例: . 有部分是她地错.注: ; ; 等词是形容词而非副词.练习巩固一、选择题. ?. , . , . , . , 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. , .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. .. . . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. , .. . . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. .. . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. ?. , . ,. , . ,. （暴力与犯罪）. 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. .. .. .. ’ . ’ . . ’ 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. ’ .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. .. . . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. “ ” . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. .. .. .. , . ,. , . ,. . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. , .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. ' , .. . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. ' .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. ' , . ' .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. .. .. . .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. ; . ; . ; . ; 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. ' .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. . . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途. 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牛津初中英语9A-Unit3知识点归纳
牛津初中英语9A Unit3知识点归纳重点短语Welcome to the uniteat too much/worry too much吃得太多/担心太多get enough sleep 得到足够的睡眠be on （灯、电视等）开着、亮着too many tests 太多的测试close friends 亲密的朋友drive sb mad = make sb mad 把某人逼（go mad发疯）have no communication with sb 与某人没有交流Readinghow … deal with…=what… do with…怎样处理…….. have no choice but to do sth 除了做某事别无选择stay up late 熬夜complete/finish the exercises 完成这些练习（指笔头l 练习）refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事hand it/them in= turn in 上交（代词放中间）hand out 分发（代词放中间）feel bad about…对….感到糟糕be (well) worth doing sth (很)值得做某事on time 按时；准时in time 及时have some spare/free time 有空余时间offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb为某人提供某物offer sb some suggestions/ adviceoffer to do sth 主动提出做某事be of great value（n.）to sb = be very valuable to sb 对某人来说有很大价值hear from sb.(短) = get/receive a letter from sb.（短）=have a letter from sb.（延）收到某人来信be crazy about…对…..很着迷my love of football 我对足球的热爱plenty of = lots of/a lot of 大量的,充足的（后接可数/不可数名词）stay out late 呆在外面很迟get into trouble 陷入困境allow doing / allow sb to do sth 允许做某事/允许某人做某事be stric t with sb. 对某人要求严格be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格wish (sb) to do sth 希望(某人)做某事advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事advise doing sth建议做某事achieve/keep a balance between…获得/保持…之间的平衡succeed in doing sth= be successful in doing sth成功地做某事make a list of…列一个…..清单work …..out解出,制定出…..(代词放中间)take /follow one's advice 接受/采纳某人的建议a piece of advice 一条建议（建议不可数）agree with sb 同意某人（的意见）give sth. up放弃某事（代词放中间）give up doing sth.放弃做某事forget about sth.忘记有关…的事an hour or two 一两个小时Vocabulary and Grammarget/receive low/high marks得到低/高分at the moment = at present = now目前Revise(= go over) for tests 复习迎考there is no need to do sth 没有必要做某事have no courage to do sth 没有勇气做某事to tell you the truth（n.）实话告诉你quarrel with sb about sth 与某人争吵某事spare some time for sb = spare sb some time 为某人匀出时间turn down/up 调低/高音量make progress 取得进步solve the problems 解决问题youth workers 青少年辅导员valuable suggestions 有价值的建议Integrated Skills and Study skillslaugh at sb 嘲笑某人pay no attention to sb 不注意某人be proud of …= take pride in…为…….感到骄傲reply to (my e-mails) = answer (my e-mails)回复，回答（我的电子邮件）suffer from….遭受…..痛苦；患病ask sb for advice 向某人征询意见make enough time for…为……腾出足够的时间Main task and Checkoutblame sb for sth 因某事而责备某人cause of stress 产生压力的原因of one’s age 与某人同年龄的one main cause of stress压力的一个主要原因keep your worries to yourself 把担忧留给自己====Word 行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====源-于-网-络-收-集重点句子后无to,无do 有to) (或do 的某种形式)I didn't nothing but wait9. We like staying out late to play football. 我们喜欢待在外面踢足球到很晚10. They can help us relax and make our lives more interesting 这能帮助我们放松并使我们的生活更加有趣11. I wish I could have my parents' support 我希望我得到父母的支持 (wish 引导的宾语从句用虚拟语气)13.It seems that you spend a lot of time playing football.= You seem to spend a lot of time playing football.17. I really don’t know which to do first. 我真不知道先做哪一个.你能告诉我和谁去谈、去哪里求助吗？谢谢你聆听我的问题并给我提出建议.。
上海版牛津英语9A第三单元知识点以及语法点
xx版xx英语第三单元知识点以及语法点现在完成时1.概念：①表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.eg:--- Have you had your lunch yet ?你吃过午饭了吗?--- Yes, I have just had it.是的,我刚吃过. (说明现在饱了)I have lost my pen.我把钢笔弄丢了. (过去某时丢的,现在还没有找到)I have already watched the TV play.我已经看过这部电视剧了.--- Have you found your lost pen yet ?你找到丢失的钢笔了吗?--- No, I haven’t found it yet.不,我还没有找到.②表示动作或状态在过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还要持续下去,常和for,since,连用,表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词.eg:We have lived here since 2000.自从2000年以来我们一直住在这里. (说明一直住在这里,也许还会住下去. )2.结构:①主语+ have / has + done +…Done的形式：规则：1.一般情况下在动动词原形后加ed.如:work, jump, look,…2.以e 结尾的动词,直接加-d.如:live,3.以辅音字母加y 结尾的动词,先将y 变i 再加-ed.如:carry, study, try…4.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的,双写此辅音字母后再加-ed.如:stop,plan,…不规则：keep-----kept sweep-----swept sleep-----sleptSell----sold tell----toldLend---lent spend----spent send-----sentSay-----said pay-----paidBurn----burnt learn-----learnt mean----meantBreak----broken speak----spoken steal----stolenWear-----worn bear----born tear----tornGrow----grown blow---blown know----known throw----thrownSink-----sunk swim---swum drink----drunk ring-----rung sing----sung began----begunDrive---driven rise----risen3.时间状语：常与already,yet,ever,never,for +段时间,since,just,before,so far,by now,these days,…等连用.注意:already, yet,常和现在完成时连用, already用于肯定句,可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前，也可放在句末.yet用在疑问句中意为”已经”,用在否定句中表示”还”,常放在句末.eg:Have you ever been to Shanghai ?你去过上海吗?I have never traveled by plane before.我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过.I haven’t heard of it before.我以前从来没有听说过这件事.I have been in Beijing for two years.我在北京已经两年了.4.句型:⑴肯定句:①主语+ have / has + done+…eg：She has been to Shanghai.她去过上海.I have finished doing my homework.我已经完成我的作业了.⑵否定句:①主语+ have / has + not +done +…eg：I haven’t seen this film.我没有看过这部电影.eg：She hasn’t finished doing his homework.她还没有完成她的作业.⑶一般疑问句：①Have / Has +主语+ done +…eg:Have you seen this film ?Yes, I have. /No, I haven’t .你看过这部电影吗?是的,看过. /不,没有.eg：Has she finished doing his homework ?Yes, she has . /No, she hasn’t.她完成她的作业了吗?是的,完成了. /不,没有.⑷特殊疑问句：①特殊疑问词+ have / has +主语+ done+…eg:When has you seen this film ?你什么时候看的这部电影?eg:Who has finished doing his homework ?谁完成了作业?5.当与一段时间连用时,经常用for 加一段时间,这时候谓语动词一定要用延续性的.非延续性动词----延续性动词eg:He came here three days ago.他三天前来的这. (一般过去时)He has been here for three days.他来这已经三天了.(现在完成时与一段时间连用,非延续性动词变延续性动词. )He went to Dalian last week.他上周去的大连. (一般过去时)He has been away for a week.他已经离开有一周了. (现在完成时)I borrowed the book last month.我去年借的这本书. (一般过去时)I have kept the book for a week.我保管这本书有一周了.(现在完成时)6.词义辨析have been to 去过…(在本地)eg:I have been to Canada.我去过加加拿大.have gone to 去了…(不在本地)eg:He has gone to Dalian.他去了大连.--- Hello! Can I speak to Alice ?---Sorry, she isn’t here right now. She ___ to the shop.A. goes B. will go C. has gone D. was going3. ---___ you ___ to the National Grand Theater ?---No, not yet.A. Did, goB. Do, goC. Have, goneD. Have, been4.---So far the government ____ a lot for the Olympic Games.---So it has. We’re all looking forward to this event.A. doesB. is doingC. has doneD. will do5. John’s car is not here. I think he ____ somewhere.A. goesB. wentC. has goneD. will go6. David ____ Chinese since 20 years ago, and now he speaks it quite well.A. learnsB. learnedC. has learnedD. will learn7. ---Where’s Mr White ?---He ____ the wash room.A. has been toB. has gone toC. is going toD. goes to8. ---What do you think of the new film ?---It’s wonderful. I ____it twice.--- A. sawB. have seen C. will see D. see9.---_____you ____him around the museum yet ?---Yes,we had a great time there.A. Do; showB.Did; showC. Have; shown课文知识点总结learn 短语learn from sb 向某人学习learn …….from…..从…..学习Learn….by heart背诵，记住learn one’s lesson 吸取教训Learn of/about 得知run “举办，管理，经营”及物动词eg:be famous for 以…而著名famous“著名的，文明的”= well-knowntime “次数,倍数”可数名词Eg:She has been to Beijing three times.Don’t worry. There is enough time.不用着急，有足够的时间。
9A-Unit-3单元重点语言点讲解
最新牛津译林版9A Unit 3 Teenage problems语言点知识点讲解一、课本中重点词、短语、句型讲解▲Comic strips & Welcome to the unit1. What’s wrong, Eddie 怎么了，埃迪形容词wrong意思是“出错的”，此句相当于What’s the matter with you, Eddie 或What happened to you, EddieWhat’s wrong with sb. / What’s the matter with sb./ What happened to sb.常用来询问别人发生了什么事。
例如：---What’s wrong with you You look very tired.---Thank you. I’m OK.2. Why not eat less and exercise more 为什么不少吃一点，多多锻炼呢这一咱表示建议的句子。
日常会话中还会用到：Why don’t you do--- “你为什么不做---呢”表示对别人进行一种语气强烈的建议。
例如：---Today is a fine day. Why don’t you go boating together----I think it’s a good idea.用于“建议别人做某事”的句型还有：Would you like to do--- Shall we do --- Let’s do ---. Would you please do---等。
3. Maybe you’re right. 也许你是对的。
此处“maybe”表示“也许；大概”的意思。
相当于“perhaps”，放在句首，表示后面句子所叙述的情况也许会发生，或也许是事实。
“may be”表示“也许是”，是“情态动词+动词原形be”形式，通常放在句中。
例如：She may be our new English teacher. 她也许是我们的新任英语老师。
新版牛津译林 9AUnit3知识点和考点
9A Unit 3 Teenage ProblemsⅠ考点一览1.考察go over的动词短语，主要跟其他over相关的短语做区分，如come over，turn over和fall over2.考察worth的固定搭配be worth doing，可能会考察worth的含义，更可能考察的是worth后面的动词形式，一定要记住是ing形式。
3.考察hardly的用法，主要考察它的否定意义。
4.考察提建议的句型。
why not和what/how about是疑问句的句型，而其他是陈述句句型。
因此要注意句子后面的标点符号是。
还是？。
5.考察progress的用法，一种是考察固定搭配make progress，另外一种是考察progress可不可数。
6.考察of one's age的用法，主要是区分其与at the age的区别。
7.考察动词+it+宾补+to do sth的用法。
两种常见考法，第一，考察做形式宾语的是it，不是that、this和those，代词考点，第二，考察to do sth，不是doing sth，非谓语动词考点。
8.考察work out的意思，考察work out与hand out、find out和put out介词相同的词组意思区别。
9.考察why not后面加动词原形，表示建议的句型中，后面有加动词原形的、有加动词ing的，还有加动词to do不定式的，要分清楚。
10.考察be worth后面加动词ing形式，表示值得做某事。
11.考察have no choice but后面加to do不定式，表示不得不做某事。
12.考察develop的名词形式development。
13.考察单词strict, correctly, deal, imagine和pronunciation的拼写，知道如何拼写即可，唯一要注意的是correctly的形式，是副词的形式。
Ⅱ考点考题单项选择1.go over意思是复习，句中常常是go over the notes again before the test【2017年新城】26.—To get a better grade, you should_____ the notes again before the test.---Thanks. I will.e overB.go overC.turn overD.fall over答案B【2017-2018 金陵河西】27. In order to get high marks in exams, you had better ____ what youhave learned and do homework carefully.A. go onB. go downC. go byD. go over答案D2.worth做形容词，意思是值得的。
新版牛津9A Unit3 Teenage problems 单元复习归纳
9A Unit 3 Teenage problems 单元复习归纳一、重点词汇单词teenage adj.青少年的mark n.分数；标记mad adj.疯狂的；生气的exam n.(=examination)考试，测试perhaps adv.或许，可能deal vi．处理choice m选择but prep.除……外；只有awake adj.醒着的hardly adv.几乎不doubt vt.怀疑worth adj.值得，值……钱imagine vt．＆vi．想象，设想suggestion n．建议cause n.原因strict adj.严格的，严厉的valuable adj.宝贵的，很有用的；贵重的list n.清单whom pron. 谁（宾格）silence n．安静，寂静；沉默worry n.担心；令人担忧的事dictionary n.字典bookworm n．书虫，书呆子schoolwork n．课业progress n．进展，进步aloud adv.大声地；出声地pronounce vt，发音correctly adv．正确地pronunciation n．发音mention vt．提及；说起stress n.精神压力，紧张unhappy adj.不快乐的，不满的词组1．too much太多2．in class在课上3．drive sb mad使某人疯狂4．feel lonely感到孤独5．all day整天6．feel sleepy瞌睡的7．deal with处置；处理8．have no choice but to…没有选择只能……9．stay up熬夜10. hand in上交11. feel bad about sth对……感到难过12. be worth doing值得做某事13. dream of/about梦想；想象14. hear from收到某人的来信15. be crazy about对……感到疯狂16. worry about担心17. get into trouble陷入麻烦18. be strict with sb对某人要求严格19. stay out待在户外；（晚上）不回家20. look forward to渴望21. make sure确保；确认22. in one's mind在某人的想法中23. make a list of列出24. work out算出；解决25. according to根据26. agree with同意27. instead of代替；而不28. youth worker青少年辅导员29. on show上演30. end with结束31. laugh at嘲笑32. go over复习；回顾33. don't mention it不客气34. keep sth to oneself秘而不宣35. be of sb's age与……同龄的二、重要句型1.I have a problem, but I wonder how I should deal with it．我有一个问题，但是我想要知道我应该怎样处理它。
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一、单词精讲1.opinion / / n. 想法，看法，意见词组：in one’s opinion__________________e.g. In my opinion, the second view is one-sided and partial.2. responsibility/ / n. 责任拓展：adj. ____________________ be responsible for……对……负责e.g. My father is responsible for a big store in Shanghai.responsen. __________________________3. death/ / n. 死，死亡拓展：v. ____________________ die of_____________________die from_______________die(died, died) v. 死；凋零deadadj. 无生命的，呆板的dying adj.临终的，垂死的4. respect/ / v. 尊重，慎重对待拓展：respectable adj. __________________________5. faithfully/ /adv. 忠实地，忠诚地拓展：faith n. 信仰，信任___________________ adj.e.g. Faith that justice would prevail impelled us forward.译：_____________________________________We are faithful listeners to the program.译：_____________________________________6. mess/ /n. 杂乱，粪便e.g. The house is a mess.这个房间又脏又乱。
拓展：a mess of一大堆…；把…弄糟in a mess乱糟糟，一团糟e.g. I've made such a mess of my life.There are many reasons why the economy is in such a mess.7. extremely/ /adv. 极其，非常拓展：extreme adj. 极端的，偏激的n. 极端，极其偏激的事物8. unhappy/ /adj. 不快乐的，悲伤的拓展：反义词：____________________副词：______________________happiness n. _________________否定前缀un, 加在名词，形容词，副词之前如: unfinished (未完成的)。
undoubted (无疑的)。
unhappy (不快乐的)否定前缀in, 加在形容词，名词之前如：incorrect (不正确的)，inability (无能, 无力)，inaccurate (不准确的)im一加在字母m，b，P之前如：impossible(不可能的)，impolite(不礼貌的) 9. surprised/ / adj. 感到惊讶的拓展：be surprised at 因…….感到惊讶同义词：amazed，shockedsurprising令人惊讶的同类的词：_____________ _______________ ____________10. shocked/ /adj. 震惊的e.g. The little boy was shocked by the fall.11. certain/ /adj. 一定（量）的拓展：be certain of / about sth.be certain of doing sthbe certain that / if/whethere.g. Are you certain about that?Our team is certain of winning.I’m certain that it’s not your fault.13. goldfish/ /n. 金鱼合成词：n. + n. = n.举例：______________ ________________ __________________14. apologize/ /v. 道歉搭配：apologize for ________________ apologize to sb.词转：n. __________________Make an apology for sth. 因某事而道歉e.g. He made an apology for what he said.15. review/ /n. （书刊、电影等的）评论；v. 回顾，检查二、Phrases词组1．from side to side从左到右side by side肩并肩地；一起2．grow up成长；长大3．according to据(……所说)…同义句：It’s said by4．care for关爱拓展：take care of照顾。
look after care about喜欢5．as a result因此；结果拓展：result from起因于6．stop…from 阻止某事发生stop to do sth．stop doing sth．7. right now 立即；马上同义词：immediately adv. at oncee. g We should start work right now.When he heard the news, he rushed out of the room immediately.8. What's more而且e．g．What's more，most people in modern cities live in flats．9. pay for为……付钱e．g．I have to pay 150 dollars for the sewing machine．其他表示“花费”的词(1)spend的主语通常是人，往往用于以下句型：(sb)spend some money／some time on sth．(sb)spend some money／some time(in)doing sth．e.g. I spent fifty yuan on the coat=I spent fifty yuan(in)buying the coat．(2)take常用于“占用、花费”时间，其主语通常为形式主语“it”或物。
句式是：It takes／took sb．some time to do sth= Sth．takes sb．some time．e.g. It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses．The work will take me two days．(3)pay为“付款、赔偿”之意，主语通常是人，往往是sb．pays some money for sth或pay sb．(some money for sth)e．g. I paid fifty yuan for the coatHow much did you pay him?(4)cost的主语必须是某物。
sth．cost(sb.)some money。
e.g．The dictionary cost me$20．10.not only… but also… 不但……而且……连接主语时，谓语动词应和邻近的主语保持一致。
相似的有：neither… nor… 。
either … or …例句：He is not only a scientist but also a photographer.No only he but also his parents like collecting stamps.三、课文精讲1. lt's nice to pick them up and hold them in oar arms，and it's wonderful to see themgrowing up．e．g．It’s nice to know that somebody appreciates what I do．【知识拓展】it作形式主语主要用于下列两种情况1．It+ is／was+ adj．／n．(形容词或名词)+to do sth．e．g．It is a good idea to think this way．It is very kind of you to give me a hand in time．2．It+ v．+to do sth．e.g．It took us three years to complete the project．2．Young people can learn how to care for others and how to respect all living things by keeping a pet dog.e.g. Please show us how to do that．3. A small number of pet dogs even bite people.a number of “许多”；a small number of “一小部分”；a large number of “许多；大量”例句： A number of people have already visited the Expo Site.【辨析】a number of 与the number ofA number of 表示“一批；一些；许多”；是不定数量词，如同a lot of, lots of,several, some一样。
因此，“a number of + 复数名词”作主语时，其谓语动词用复数。
例句：There were a large number of people in the room. The number of 表示“……的数（目）”，the number是中心词，其谓语动词必须用单数。
例：The number of people in the room is large.4. This may make the dogs feel extremely unhappy.1）make … feel “使……感到”，这种结构是动词后跟不带to的不定式。