高一上学期第一次调研测试英语试题

江苏省宿迁市泗阳县桃州中学2020-2021学年高一上学期第
一次调研测试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读选择
In the United States, 30 percent of the people have a “weight problem”. To many people the cause is obvious (明显的): they eat too much. But scientific evidence (证据) does little to support this idea. Going back to America of 1910, we find that people were thinner than today, yet they ate more food. In those days people worked harder physically, walked more, used machines much less, and didn’t w atch television.
Several modern studies, moreover, have shown that fatter people don’t eat more on average than thinner people. A 1979 study of 3,545 London office workers showed that fat people eat less than slim (苗条的) people.
Studies also show that slim people are more active than fat people. A study by a research group at Stanford University found the following interesting facts:
The more the man ran, the greater loss of the body fat.
The more they ran, the greater increase in food intake.
Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat. 1．Nowadays many Americans have the problem that ______.
A．they are too slim B．they work too hard
C．they are too fat D．they lose too much body fat 2．According to the passage, how many p eople in 900 Americans have a “weight problem”? A．150. B．300. C．600. D．270.
3．The Americans in 1910 ________.
A．ate more food and had more physical activities B．ate less food but had more physical activities
C．ate less food and had less physical activities D．had more problems
While a man was passing by an elephant, he suddenly stopped. The elephant was held by only a small rope. The farmer ties the rope to the elephant's front leg. No chains, no cages. The man was very confused. He wanted to know why the elephant didn't run away.
He visited the farmer and asked why the elephant just stood there and didn't run away.
"Well," the farmer said, "when it was very young and much smaller, we used the same size rope to tie it. At that age, the rope was strong enough to hold it. Of course it couldn't run away. When it grew up, it still believed the rope could hold it. So it never tried to run away."
The man was very amazed. In fact, the grown-up elephant could run away at any time. But it didn't run away just because it believed it couldn't. As a result, it was stuck right there.
We have such problems in our life. Sometimes we don't think we can deal with the problems. Sometimes we fail to deal with them. It's not wise to stop struggling. See? Failure is part of learning. We should never give up the struggle.
4．The farmer held the elephant by ________.
A．making a chain to tie the elephant B．making a cage for the elephant C．tying a rope to the elephant's front leg D．tying a rope around the elephant's body 5．When the elephant grew up, the farmer used ________ to hold it.
A．a stronger rope B．a smaller rope
C．the same size rope D．a longer rope
6．The grown-up elephant couldn't run away because ________.
A．no one came to save it B．the elephant couldn't run fast
C．it was not strong enough D．it believed it couldn't
7．The writer wants to tell us ________.
A．not to stop struggling B．to give up the struggle in life
C．to learn from the farmer D．to learn from the elephant
Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. It could be something as simple as not getting the job you wanted, or getting fewer marks even after hard work. But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.
Once, a young school boy was caught in a fire accident in his school and was assumed that he would not live. His mother was told that he was sure to die, for the terrible fire had destroyed the lower half of his body. Even if he were to survive, he would be lame throughout his life.
But the brave boy did not want to die nor did he want to be lame. Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive. But unfortunately from his waist down, he had no motor ability. His thin legs just hung there, lifeless. Eventually he left the hospital. But his determination to walk was unshakable. At home, when he was not in bed, he had to stay in a wheelchair. One day, he threw himself from the chair and pulled himself across the grass, dragging his legs behind
him. He reached the fence, raised himself up and then began dragging himself along the fence, firmly determined. He did this every day, with faith in himself that he would be able to walk unaided. With his iron determination, he did develop the ability to stand up, then to walk on and off, then to walk by himself and then to run.
He began to walk to school, and then run to school, to run for the joy of running. Later in college he was on the track team.
In February 1934, in New York City’s Madison Square Garden, this young man who was not expected to survive, who would surely never walk, who could never hope to run — this determined young man, Dr. Glenn Cunningham, ran the world’s fastest mile.
A good example of the power of positive(积极的) thinking and faith in oneself, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many, and his story, a brilliant evidence to how one can bounce back even when all difficulties are piled against one, to the degree that death seemed the preferable choice.
8．What was the doctor’s opinion about Glenn?
A．There was a little chance that Glenn could survive.
B．Great determination could make a difference to Glenn.
C．Glenn was able to walk with his own great effort
D．Glenn could live a normal life with the upper half of his body.
9．The underlined word “unaided” means ________.
A．for himself B．without help
C．with disability D．without hesitation
10．What do we know about Glenn?
A．Glenn took recovery exercise in hospital.
B．Glenn inspired people with his moving story.
C．Glenn won the first place in Marathon.
D．Glenn organized a track team in college.
11．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Stand up after failure B．Strengthen determination
C．Go after dreams D．Face difficulty bravely
“I have cancer.”Mom said and held me in a tight hug.I could feel her chest shaking as she tried not to cry but failed.
For all of my twenty-four years,my mom had been supportive.Strength and protection had always flowed from her to me.Now I knew it would have to flow the other way.
Mom didn’t stay down for long.After the shock of breast-cancer,she armed herself with a notebook and a pen and a thousand questions for the doctors.She took notes on white blood cell counts and medications(药物)with long names as though she were studying for entrance exams into medical school.”The not-knowing is the worst.”she said.
The operation was successful.The chemo(化疗)was the harder part.I went with Mom to every chemo treatment.She rarely complained,though her hair was gone and her toenails and fingernails fell out one by one.She joked that she could save money on nail polish and put it toward the doctor bills,even though she never wore nail polish.”Cancer can take my hair,my nails,my health,my very life. But it can’t take my smile.”Mom said.
Mom learned to share her fears with me,and it formed an even deeper bond between us.Yet I am certain there were fears she didn’t share because she was still protecting me-worries she only shared with Dad.Even in the darkest hours,she would just joke about the cancer. Mom always said,”When you look your greatest fear in the eye and laugh at it,you take away some of its power.”
Mom was one of the lucky ones.She did beat her cancer,though not without scars.From her,I’ve learned I may not get to choose what I face,but I do get to choose how I face it. 12．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．There were other ways to treat cancer.
B．Knowledge of cancer would be helpful.
C．Mom had to stay stronger to beat cancer.
D．I should be the one being there for Mom.
13．Which of the following words can best describe Mom?
A．Humorous and generous.
B．Considerate and ambitious.
C．Optimistic and determined.
D．Caring and knowledgeable.
14．What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?
A．The fear Mom shared with me.
B．The ways Mom faced fear.
C．The jokes Mom told me.
D．The bond Mom and I formed.
15．What lesson did the author learn from Mom?
A．Luck counts in beating diseases.
B．Complaint does no good to one’s health.
C．Positive attitudes get one through hardship for
D．Sharing feelings helps reduce sufferings a lot.
二、七选五
Benefits of Sports
Taking ex ercise is a physical, mental and social adventure. It’s a great way for children to take a break from study and release extra energy. It also helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sports have proven to improve general well-being.
16．Regardle ss of your fitness level when you start playing sports, you’ll notice an increase in your overall fitness once you take part. Nearly every sport requires physical activity and the skills needed to be competitive. Basketball players focus on strength training. 17．The training process helps encourage physical fitness and performances in competitions.
18．Playing sports contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and self-worth. A pat on the back, high-five from a teammate, or handshake after a match really raises a child’s confidence. Words of praise and encouragement from the coach, parents and other players raise the self-worth. 19．So after a game, it’s a better idea to ask “Did you enjoy the game?” rather than “Did you win?”
Children who participate in sports might also benefit from the social aspect, feeling part of a group, building up leadership and responsibility. 20．Teamwork demands both being dependable as a teammate and learning to rely on your teammates to achieve a positive outcome. Teamwork will raise your responsibility and give you an opportunity to be a leader.
There is no shortage of reasons to find a sport to take part in. Are you ready to go? Pick one and get moving!
A．It’s not just your body that benefits from sports.
B．Therefore, playing sports is going to make you more fit.
C．Football players work on speed while track athletes train through longer runs. D．Among these, learning how to work as a team is the most important advantage.
E.But remember, a child’s self-worth should not be judged by victory or loss.
F.If you play group sports, you’ll be part of a team that takes direction from a coach.
G.The physical benefits of doing sports are probably the most obvious.
三、完形填空
The job of raising children is a tough one. Children don’t come with an instruction manual(说明书). And each child is 21 . So parents sometimes pull their hair out in frustration(挫折),not 22 what to do. But in raising children-as in all of life-what we do is 23 by our culture. Naturally then, American parents teach their children basic American 24 . To Americans, the goal of parents is to help children 25 on their own two feet. From 26 , each child may get his or her own room. As children grow, they get more 27 to make their own choices. 28 choose their own forms of entertainment, as well as the friends to 29 them with. When they 30 young adulthood, they choose their own jobs and marriage 31 . Of course, many young adults still 32 the ir parents’ advice and approval for the choices they make. But once they “leave the 33 ” at around 18 to 21 years old, they want to be on their own, not
“ 34 to their mother’s apron strings (围裙带). The relationship between parents and children in America is very informal. American parents try to 35 their children as individuals-not as extensions of themselves. They allow them to achieve their own
36 . Americans praise and encourage their children to give them the 37 to succeed. When children become adults, their relationship with their parents becomes more like a(an) 38 among equals. But 39 to popular belief, most adult Americans don’t make their parents pay for room and board when they come to 40 . Even as adult, they respect and honor their parents.
21．A．strange B．different C．new D．unlike 22．A．noticing B．remembering C．knowing D．deciding 23．A．influenced B．made C．controlled D．changed 24．A．services B．standards C．rules D．values 25．A．sit B．get C．stand D．rise 26．A．adulthood B．girlhood C．boyhood D．childhood 27．A．freedom B．space C．time D．money 28．A．Adults B．Teenagers C．Americans D．Parents 29．A．help B．join C．share D．provide
30．A．gain B．pass C．become D．reach 31．A．wives B．partners C．husbands D．couples 32．A．seek B．invite C．try D．choose 33．A．room B．house C．nest D．place 34．A．connected B．held C．stuck D．tied 35．A．serve B．treat C．describe D．recognize 36．A．jobs B．plans C．dreams D．hopes 37．A．dependence B．trust C．belief D．confidence 38．A．friendship B．companion C．membership D．association 39．A．known B．similar C．contrary D．due 40．A．travel B．visit C．see D．live
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A handsome man can earn a fifth 41．(much) than a plainer colleague but a beautiful woman is not paid a penny more than her average-looking colleague, new research has shown.
The study by senior economists(经济学家) found that 42．(be) good-looking meant male workers could earn 22 percent more than average-looking colleagues. Researchers said good looks did not give women a similar advantage.
Andrew Leigh, an economics professor who co-authored the report, said: “Beauty can be a double-edged sword for women.” “Some people still believe good looks and intelligence are incompatible(不一致)in women 43．a good-looking woman can’t be very productive (富有成效的), but 44．doesn’t affect men’s pay.” He said that 45．he believed good-looking women may also earn more, the research did not support his theory.
The research found that handsome men in all jobs, from manual labour to highly-paid 46．(profession) careers, can earn 22 percent more than their colleagues doing 47．same work. Men with below-average looks face a battle in the office, with ugliness reducing a man’s earnings by 26 percent compared 48．an average-looking worker.
The study, named Unpacking the Beauty Premium, was the 49．(large) exercise of its kind and repeated a survey from 1984 to see if the beauty premium (额外费用) had changed. Leigh said the research showed people in the workplace were “lookist (以貌取人的) “ and he hoped the 50．(find) would encourage employers to remove their prejudice (偏见).
五、根据首字母填空
51．To fully r__________ your potential, it’s important for you to make the most of our school resources.(根据首字母单词拼写)
52．When you r__________ to the challenges, you will have the opportunity to acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth.(根据首字母单词拼写)
53．The goals will r__________ you of what you are working for.(根据首字母单词拼写) 54．It was still t__________ for me to remember everyone’s name.(根据首字母单词拼写) 55．All the arguments and misunderstandings can lead to a b___________ in the relationship between parents and teenagers.(根据首字母单词拼写)
56．It’s n_________ for teenagers to go through physical and mental changes.(根据首字母单词拼写)
57．When I was in a British school, I had trouble expressing myself clearly in English, but
f__________ ，my teachers and classmates were always helpful and gave me lots of encouragement.(根据首字母单词拼写)
58．Through this kind of a healthy discussion, you will learn when to b_________ down and when to ask your parents to relax their control.(根据首字母单词拼写)
六、根据汉语意思填空
59．I have __________(信心) in your ability to make a difference to your family ,to your community and to our country.(根据汉语提示填空)
60．Setting goals gives you a __________ (重点) in life.(根据汉语提示填空)
七、提纲类作文
61．近年来，随着科技的发展，可用于学习的电子产品也越来越多，学生的汉字书写能力大大降低。

假定你是李华，是校书法协会的会长，为了让同学们重视书写，你打算向校报”英语天地”栏目投稿，写一封倡议书，内容包括:
1.减少对电子产品的依赖，多动手记笔记；
2.养成练书法和写日记的习惯。

参考答案
1．C
2．D
3．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。

文章主要说明了如今美国30%的成年人都有肥胖问题。

此外，一些现代研究表明，肥胖的人并不比瘦的人吃得更多，苗条的人比肥胖的人更活跃。

同时列举了斯坦福大学的一个研究小组发现的一些事实。

1．
细节理解题。

根据第一段第一句In the United States, 30 percent of the people have a “weight problem”.可知在美国，30%的人有“体重问题”。

由此可知，美国30%的成年人都有肥胖问题，故选C。

2．
细节理解题。

根据第一段第一句In the United States, 30 percent of the people have a “weight problem”.可知在美国，30%的人有“体重问题”。

由此可知，900个美国人中有900×30%＝270人有体重问题。

故选D。

3．
细节理解题。

根据第一段中Going back to America of 1910, we find that people were thinner than today, yet they ate more food. In those days people worked harder physically, walked more, used machines much less, and didn’t watch television.可知回到1910年的美国，我们发现人们比今天更瘦，但他们吃更多的食物。

在那些日子里，人们工作更努力，步行更多，使用机器更少，也不看电视。

由此可知，1910年的美国人吃得更多，进行更多的体育活动。

故选A。

4．C
5．C
6．D
7．A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。

一个人看到一只大象被一根小绳子拴着，这个人很困惑，他想知道为什么
大象不逃跑。

结果农夫告诉那个人，大象从小到大，农民都是用同样的一条绳子拴住它，这样，当它长大了，它仍然相信那根绳子能拴住它，所以从来没有试图逃跑过。

这个故事告诉我们不应该停止奋斗。

4．
细节理解题。

根据第一段中The elephant was held by only a small rope. The farmer ties the rope to the elephant's front leg. No chains, no cages.可知大象只被一根小绳子拴着。

农民把绳子系在大象的前腿上。

没有锁链，没有牢笼。

由此可知，农民用一条绳子捆住大象的前腿来控制它，故选C。

5．
细节理解题。

根据第二段中"Well," the farmer said, "when it was very young and much smaller, we used the same size rope to tie it. At that age, the rope was strong enough to hold it. Of course it couldn't run away. When it grew up, it still believed the rope could hold it. So it never tried to run away.(“哦”农夫说，“当它还很小的时候，我们用同样大小的绳子绑它。

在那个年龄，绳子足够结实，可以控制它。

它当然跑不掉了。

当它长大了，它仍然相信那根绳子能拴住它。

所以它从来没有试图逃跑。

”）由此可知，大象从小到大，农民都是用同样的一条绳子拴住，故选C项。

6．
细节理解题。

根据第三段中In fact, the grown-up elephant could run away at any time. But it didn't run away just because it believed it couldn't.可知事实上，成年大象可以随时逃跑。

但它不会逃跑，因为它认为自己跑不掉。

由此可知，这只成年大象跑不掉，因为它相信自己跑不掉。

故选D。

7．
推理判断题。

根据文章最后一句We should never give up the struggle.可知我们决不应该放弃奋斗。

由此可推知，作者想要告诉我们不要停止奋斗，故选A。

8．A
9．B
10．B
11．A
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。

文章主要讲述了每个人在人生的某个阶段都经历过失败。

文章通过Glenn 幸存的故事，告诉我们“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来”。

8．推理判断题。

根据第三段中“Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive”(令医生惊讶的是，他确实生存下来了。

)可推知，医生认为Glenn生还的机会很小。

结合答案，故选A项。

9．词义猜测题。

根据文章第三段中“He did this every day, with faith in himself that he would be able to walk unaided”，分析上文可知，其中的this是指他靠自己走到篱笆前，站起身来，然后开始沿着篱笆拖着身子走，这个过程没有任何人的帮助。

结合选项，故选B项。

10．推理判断题。

根据最后一段中“A good example of the power of positive(积极的) thinking and faith in oneself, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many”可知，Glenn以他感人的故事激励人们。

结合选项，故选B项。

11．标题判断题。

根据第一段中“But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Glenn用行动战胜困难，努力奋起的故事。

结合选项，故选A项。

【点睛】
主旨大意题解题时应该抓住文章主线和关键句子和关键词。

然后根据自己对文章的分析，概括出段落的大意，从而推断出文章的主旨。

以本题第4题为例，根据第一段最后一句“But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.”(让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。

)可知，本文的最佳标题应该是A项。

12．D
13．C
14．B
15．C
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。

讲述妈妈与癌症作抗争的过程中保持积极乐观态度，并对作者产生重大影响的故事。

12．句意推测题。

由前一句“Strength and protection had always flowed from her to me.”母亲给予我很多关爱和支持，下一句中“the other way around”意思为从相反方向，可知此处暗含的意思为现在轮到作者给母亲关爱和支持。

故选D。

13．推理判断题。

从第四段的第三句“.She joked that she could save money on nail polish and put it toward the doctor bills,even though she never wore nail polish.”可知妈妈虽然因化疗失去指甲，但仍能保持乐观态度，开玩笑说没有了指甲可以省下钱指甲油的钱来付医药费。

以及，从第二段妈妈拿着纸和笔问医生各种各样有关癌症的问题，能看出妈妈战胜病魔的决心。

故选C。

14．主旨大意题。

第五段，妈妈“ learned to share her fears with me”“she would just joke about the cancer”，这些都是妈妈在面对恐惧所采取的应对办法。

故选B项。

15．推理判断题。

文章最后一段最后一句“From her,I’ve learned I may not get to c hoose what I face,but I do get to choose how I face it.”可知，作者从妈妈身上学到了，“无法选择要面对的事情，但是可以选则用何种方式面对自己的遭遇”，而妈妈就是乐观面对病魔。

故选C项。

16．G
17．C
18．A
19．E
20．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。

文章主要讲述了运动的好处。

16．
根据位置判断，此处为段落主题句，下文内容“不管你的任何水平，参加就有益。

无论各种运动的训练过程，都可提升健康”是讲运动的好处，所以G项“做运动对身体的好处可能
是最明显的”总结下文内容，故选G项。

17．
根据空前“Basketball players focus on strength training.(篮球运动员注重力量训练。

)”可知此处为列举的组织模式，不同的项目训练的侧重点不同，C项“足球运动员注重速度训练, 田径运动员注重长跑训练”切题，故选C项。

18．
根据空后“Playing sports contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and
self-worth.”讲的是运动有助于心理健康，有助于增强自信和自我价值，可知，空白处应为
一个承前启后的过渡句，A项“运动受益的不仅仅是你的身体”切题，故选A项。

19．
空后提到：所以比赛过后，最好问“你喜欢这个比赛吗？”而不是“你赢了吗？”，空处应是这样问的原因，E项“但是记住，孩子的自我价值不应该由成功或者失败来评价”切题，且根据词汇复现原则，E项中的self-worth与空前出现了的self-worth呼应，以及下一句中出现的win 与E项中的victory的呼应，故选E项。

20．
根据主题句“参加体育运动的孩子也能从社交方面受益：归属感，责任感和领导力”，而空后主要介绍团队合作需要的素养和它的好处，故判断本空白处，是对参加运动在社交方面的好处的进一步的阐述，D项“学习如何成为团队的一员是最重要的优势”切题。

同时D
项中的these指代前句话中提到的三大好处，故选D项。

21．B
22．C
23．A
24．D
25．C
26．D
27．A
28．B
29．C
30．D
31．B
32．A
33．C
34．D
35．B
36．C
37．D
38．A
39．C
40．B
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。

文章主要讲了美国人育儿的理念以及在成长的过程中，美国孩子和父母之间微妙的关系。

21．
考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：每个孩子都是不同的。

A. strange奇怪的；B. different不同的；
C. new新的；
D. unlike不同的。

根据“Children don’t come with an instruction manual(说明书).”可知每个孩子都是不同的。

故选B。

22．
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：所以父母们有时会沮丧得揪着头发，不知道该怎么办。

A. noticing 注意；B. remembering记得；C. knowing知道；D. deciding决定。

根据“So parents sometimes pull their hair out in frustration(挫折)”可知父母不知道该怎么办。

故选C。

23．
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：但是在养育孩子方面，就像生活中所有的事情一样，我们的行为都受到文化的影响。

A. influenced影响；B. made制造；C. controlled控制；D. changed改变。

根据“Naturally then, American parents teach their children basic American ___4___.”以及结合生活常识，可知在养育孩子方面，我们的行为都受到文化的影响。

故选A。

24．
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：自然而然地，美国父母会教导他们的孩子基本的美国价值观。

A. services服务；
B. standards标准；
C. rules规则；
D. values价值观。

根据“To Americans, the goal of parents is to help children ___5___ on their own two feet.”可知这里在谈论美国父母教给孩子价值观的问题。

故选D。

25．
考查固定短语辨析。

句意：对美国人来说，父母的目标是帮助孩子自立。

A. sit on旁听；B. get on 进展；C. stand on依靠； D. rise on在上升。

根据下文美国人教育孩子的具体做法，可知对美国人来说，父母的目标是帮助孩子自立，即让孩子依靠自己。

故选C。

26．
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：从童年起，每个孩子都有自己的房间。

A. adulthood成年；B. girlhood 少女时期；C. boyhood少年时代；D. childhood童年。

根据“each child may get his or her own room”可知这里指的是童年时期。

故选D。

27．
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：随着孩子的成长，他们有更多的自由来做自己的选择。

A. freedom 自由；B. space空间；C. time时间；D. money金钱。

根据“to make their own choices”可知这里指的是给孩子们更多的自由做出自己的选择。

故选A。

28．
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：青少年可以选择自己喜欢的娱乐方式，也可以选择和他们分享的朋友。

A. Adults成年人；B. Teenagers青少年；C. Americans美国人；D. Parents父母。

根据上文“As children grow”和下文“When they ___10___ young adulthood”可知这里在描述一个孩子从孩童时代长成成人的不同时期，所以这里意思是青少年可以选择自己喜欢的娱乐方式，也可以选择和他们分享的朋友。

故选B。

29．
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：青少年可以选择自己喜欢的娱乐方式，也可以选择和他们分享的朋友。

A. help帮助；B. join参加；C. share分享；D. provide提供。

上文说青少年可以选择自己喜欢的娱乐方式，所以这里意思是他们可以选择和哪些朋友一起，共享娱乐活动。

故选C。

30．
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：当他们成年时，他们选择自己的工作和婚姻伴侣。

A. gain获得；
B. pass通过；
C. become变成；
D. reach达到。

根据“young adulthood”可知这里意思是他们达到成年时，可以在其他方面做出自己的选择。

故选D。

31．
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：当他们成年时，他们选择自己的工作和婚姻伴侣。

A. wives妻子；
B. partners伴侣；
C. husbands丈夫；
D. couples夫妇。

根据“marriage”可知这里指婚姻伴侣，这里是泛指年轻人，所以“妻子”和“丈夫”都很片面。

故选B。

32．
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：当然，许多年轻人在做选择时仍然会寻求父母的意见和赞同。

A. seek寻求；
B. invite邀请；
C. try试图；
D. choose选择。

根据“their parents’ advice and approval for the choices they make.”可知这里意思是许多年轻人在做选择时仍然会寻求父母的意见和赞同。

故选A。

33．
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：但一旦他们在18到21岁左右“离开巢”，他们就想要独立生活，而不是“被妈妈绑在围裙上”。

A. room房间；B. house房子；C. nest巢； D. place地点。

根据“at around 18 to 21 years old, they want to be on their own”可知这里指的是孩子们在成
长过程中的“离巢期”，即离开家的时候。

故选C。

34．
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：但一旦他们在18到21岁左右“离开巢”，他们就想要独立生活，而不是“被妈妈绑在围裙上”。

A. connected连接； B. held握住；C. stuck卡住；D. tied 捆缚。

根据“they want to be on their own”可知这里意思是他们离开家后，不想被妈妈绑在围裙上，即不想受父母的束缚。

故选D。

35．
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：美国父母尽力将孩子视为个体，而不是他们自我的延伸。

A. serve 招待；B. treat对待；C. describe描述；D. recognize认出。

根据“as individuals”可知美国父母把孩子看成个体对待。

故选B。

36．
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：他们允许他们实现自己的梦想。

A. jobs工作；B. plans计划；C. dreams梦想；D. hopes希望。

根据“Americans praise and encourage their children to give them the ___17___ to succeed.”可知美国父母允许自己的孩子实现梦想。

故选C。

37．
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：美国人赞扬和鼓励他们的孩子，给他们成功的信心。

A. dependence 依靠；B. trust信任；C. belief相信；D. confidence信心。

结合生活常识，家长对孩子予以肯定，会给孩子们增添成功的信心。

故选D。

38．
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：当孩子长大成人后，他们与父母的关系变得更像平等的朋友。

A. friendship友谊；B. companion同伴；C. membership会员；D. association协会。

根据“among equals”可知成年后的美国人和父母之间是一种平等的朋友关系。

故选A。

39．
考查固定短语辨析。

句意：但是，与普遍的看法相反，大多数成年美国人的父母来看望子女时，子女并不会让他们付食宿费。

A. known to已知的；B. s imilar to与……相似；C. contrary to与……相反；D. due to由于。

根据“most adult Americans don’t make their parents pay for room and board when they come to___20___”可知这是与普遍看法相反的做法。

故选C。

40．
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：但是，与普遍的看法相反，大多数成年美国人的父母来看望子女时，子女并不会让他们付食宿费。

A. travel旅行；B. visit拜访；C. see看； D. live生活。

根据“most adult Americans don’t make their parents pay for room and board”可知这里指的是大多数美国成年人在父母来探视时，不会让他们支付食宿费。

故选B。

41．more
42．being
43．so
44．it
45．though
46．professional
47．the
48．to或with
49．largest
50．fingings
【分析】
本文是说明文。

文章说明了一个新的研究结果：英俊的男性比相貌平平的同事多挣22%，而漂亮的女性却没有这个优势。

41．
考查形容词比较级。

句意：一项新的研究显示，英俊的男性比相貌平平的同事多挣五分之一，而漂亮的女性却不会比相貌平平的同事多挣一分钱。

than与形容词的比较级形式连用，much应该用比较级形式。

故填more。

42．
考查非谓语动词。

句意：高级经济学家研究发现长得帅意味着男性工人可以比相貌平平的同事多赚22%。

分析句子结构，“____(be) good-looking”在宾语从句中作主语，应该用动名词形式作主语。

故填being。

43．
考查连词。

句意：有些人仍然相信美貌和智慧在女性身上是不相容的，因此一个漂亮的女人不可能是富有成效的。

上一句说“女性不可能既美貌又有智慧”，上一句说“美貌的女性是不会富有成效的”，两个句子之间是逻辑上的因果关系，因此用so表示因果关系。

故填so。

44．
考查代词。

句意：但这并不影响男性的工资。

此处it指代上文中出现的being good-looking。

故填it。

45．
考查连词。

句意：他说，虽然他认为漂亮的女性也可能赚得更多，但研究并不支持他的理论。

此处提到“他认为美貌的女性挣得更多”，上文提到的研究结果是“Researchers said good looks did not give women a similar advantage.（研究人员认为美貌并没有给女性带来类似的优势）”，两个句子之间是让步关系，用though引导让步状语从句。

故填though。

46．
考查形容词。

句意：研究发现，从体力劳动到高薪职业，所有职业中的帅哥都能比做同样工作的同事多挣22%。

修饰名词careers，应该用形容词形式。

故填professional。

47．
考查冠词。

句意：研究发现，从体力劳动到高薪职业，所有职业中的帅哥都能比做同样工作的同事多挣22%。

same前常用定冠词the，表示特指。

故填the。

48．
考查固定短语。

句意：其貌不扬的男人在职场则会面临艰巨挑战，而与相貌平平的男性相比，长相丑陋的男性收入减少26%。

此处是短语compared to/ with“与……相比”。

故填to/with。

49．
考查形容词最高级。

句意：这项名为《揭秘美貌津贴》的研究是同类研究中规模最大的。

此次研究重复了1984年一项调查的题材，以了解美貌津贴是否发生了改变。

根据“of its kind”可知，是指同类中“最…….”，large应用最高级形式。

故填largest。

50．
考查可数名词单复数。

句意：他希望这些调查结果能鼓励雇主消除偏见。

所填词在复合句中作宾语从句的主语，应是名词finding；上文提到的研究结果有多个，finding应用复数形式。

故填fingings。

51．realize
【详解】
考查动词。

句意：为了充分实现你的潜力，充分利用我们学校的资源是很重要的。

此处是动词不定式（to do）表目的，此空用动词原形，动词realize（实现）符合句意。

故填realize。

52．rise
【详解】。