2024中考英语热点时文阅读专练专题07 文化差异

2024届中考英语：热点时文阅读-文化差异
01
（2023·海南海口·海南中学校考模拟预测）Stir-fry (小炒), Peking duck, fried rice—the tastes of Britain.
“Britain?!” I hear you cry. “But British people take afternoon tea with sandwiches! Those are Chinese dishes!”
According to a survey by Food Network UK, nine out of 10 British people said their favorite food was Asian. The number one international food in Britain was stir-fry, according to the Daily Mail, with 55 percent saying they ate it often.
Britain has a very multicultural history. Centuries of history brought dishes from across the world. Almost every town in the UK has a Chinese or Indian restaurant, and Italian, Thai and Jamaican are not unusual. Perhaps it’s no surprise that they learned to cook and eat dishes from other countries. Traditional British food doesn’t have a great reputation (名声).
International food has become British food, even when British are cooking. Another survey by the UKTV food channel in 2009 showed the most common dish British could cook without a recipe was Italian spaghetti.
However, if you’re in the UK and think a trip to a Chinese restaurant would be a great way to stay away from homesickness(乡愁), think again. Many British Chinese dishes aren’t exactly Chinese. At the end of every British Chinese meal, you get a sweet crisp known as a “traditional Chinese fortune cookie”. I have lived in Beijing for almost a year. I have yet to eat a fortune cookie that is really Chinese.
A bowl of stir-fry followed by a fortune cookie...now that would be a way to cure my homesickness, for the UK.
1．Which is British people’s favorite international food, according to the survey?
A．Stir-fry.B．Peking duck.C．Italian spaghetti.
2．What’s the most important feature of modern British food?
A．Unusual.B．International.C．Traditional.
3．What can we learn from the sixth paragraph?
A．Chinese fortune cookies are famous in Beijing.
B．Chinese people in the UK won’t go to Chinese restaurants.
C．British Chinese restaurants are different to Chinese restaurants in China.
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Italian food doesn’t have a great reputation.
B．Traditional British food doesn’t have a great reputation.
C．Modern British food doesn’t have a great reputation.
5．What’s the best title for the story?
A．History of British food
B．International tastes of Britain
C．The reputation of British food
02
（2023·福建泉州·统考三模）
The Netherlands is low-lying and influenced by the north sea wind, which caused floods to happen easily in the past. In order to deal with the problem, the Dutch used thousands of windmills.
So the Netherlands became the famous land of windmills. With this invention, the Dutch set a special date and held some activities. It’s held on the second Saturday of May each year. Gradually, Windmill Day becomes a traditional folk festival in the Netherlands.
On this day, pictures shaped of windmills are everywhere. Many shops are filled with colorful windmill art pieces. Children also like to draw windmills on the doors and windows.
Windmills have different purposes in different states. They bring good luck to people in most situations. When the flag is hung on the windmill, it may mean that a baby is born, or a couple are holding a wedding. When the fan of windmill is like a cross, it means that some important guests are coming and they are warmly welcomed. However, when the windmill is at rest and backward, it mainly tells us that something bad has happened.
Nowadays, during your visit in the Netherlands, you can choose the windmill museums. Also, you can go to the local windmill villages. There are still more than 1000 windmills around the country, with many still in use. Every windmill is covered in red and green and is slowly running to greet you. 6．People in Netherlands mainly use windmills to ________ .
A．produce electricity B．do with floods
C．celebrate festivals D．welcome visitors
7．How do the Dutch celebrate Windmill Day?________
①They decorate the public places with pictures shaped of windmills.
②Shop owners prepare lots of colorful windmill art pieces.
③They fix the fan of windmill as the shape of a cross.
④Young kids draw windmills on the doors and windows.
A．①②③B．②③④C．①③④D．①②④
8．Which picture of windmills shows the coming of a newborn?________
A．B．
C．D．
9．What can we know from the text?________
A．Visitors can only enjoy windmills in museums.
B．Windmills bring good luck to people in all situations.
C．There are fewer than 1000 windmills across the country.
D．A still windmill means something bad has happened.
10．In which part of a magazine can we read the text?________
A．Culture.B．Human.C．Language.D．Science.
03
（2022秋·广东河源·九年级校考期末）The New Year is a time of new beginning and good
12 , not all cultures celebrate New Year’s Day in the same way.
In Japan, people throw beans. They throw beans while 13 ,“Bad luck out, good luck in.” After throwing the beans, family members pick up and eat the same number of beans as their age. It will bring 14 and good luck for the new year.
In China, people buy presents, decorations, food and new clothes a few weeks before the new year. They clean their houses to 15 bad luck. On New Year’s Eve, people usually get together for a big meal. On New Year’s Day, children will 16 hongbao from their parents. People think it will bring good luck to children. People 17 visit their relatives and friends at this time. The lion dance is a 18 activity that is held during the Chinese New Year. People believe that the 19 sound of drums can keep bad things away.
In India, men and women 20 traditional dances. Family members also enjoy delicious food. They say goodbye to the old year and welcome the new.
11．A．celebrate B．take C．break D．promise
12．A．So B．And C．Then D．However
13．A．pulling B．shouting C．playing D．practicing 14．A．purpose B．advice C．health D．time
15．A．turn on B．sweep away C．take off D．tidy up
16．A．accept B．make C．buy D．receive
17．A．hardly B．never C．always D．seldom
18．A．beautiful B．traditional C．modern D．boring
19．A．quiet B．slow C．fast D．loud
20．A．perform B．spend C．hear D．check
04
（2022秋·重庆江北·九年级重庆十八中校考期末）India is a country rich in tradition and culture. Can you tell me how much you have known about India so far? If you’re planning to travel
05
（2023·四川凉山·模拟预测）完成表格。

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺的信息，并将其答案的完整形式写在答题卡上相应的位置。

每空一词。

Nowadays, many people in China and Japan are racing against time. They put a lot of value in “being on time”. However, in some countries of the world, people have different opinions on “being on time”.
Germany
06
肖）, maybe the Year of the Rabbit can bring you some good luck, too.
参考答案：
1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了英国食物的国际化，详细地介绍了英国的一些食物及其和中国食物的区别。

1．细节理解题。

根据“The number one international food in Britain was stir-fry”可知英国排名第一的国际食品是小炒。

故选A。

2．细节理解题。

根据“Britain has a very multicultural history. Centuries of history brought dishes from across the world”以及“International food has become British food”可知英国有着多元文化的历史，世界各地的食物都来到英国，所以现在英国食物是国际化的。

故选B。

3．细节理解题。

根据“Many British Chinese dishes aren’t exactly Chinese.”可知英国的中餐馆与中国的中餐馆不同。

故选C。

4．细节理解题。

根据“Traditional British food doesn’t have a great reputation”可知传统的英国食物名声不佳。

故选B。

5．最佳标题题。

本文主要讲述了英国食物的国际化，详细地介绍了英国的一些食物及其和中国食物的区别，以选项B“英国的国际品味”为标题最合适。

故选B。

6．B 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了荷兰风车节的由来、日期、庆祝方式以及不同风车在荷兰文化中的内涵。

6．细节理解题。

根据第一段“The Netherlands is low—lying and influenced by the north sea wind...thousands of windmills”可知，荷兰地市低洼，过去容易发生洪涝灾害，为了解决这个问题，荷兰人使用了成千上万的风车，所以荷兰人主要用风车解决洪水问题。

故选B。

7．细节理解题。

根据第二段“On this day, pictures shaped of windmills are everywhere...windows.”可知，在这一天到处都是风车形状的图片，许多商店都摆满了风车艺术品，孩子们在门窗上画风车，所以他们庆祝的方式有①②④。

故选D。

8．细节理解题。

根据第三段“When the flag is hung on the windmill, it may mean that a baby is born”可知，当旗帜挂在风车上时，可能意味着有一个婴儿出生了。

故选C。

9．细节理解题。

根据第三段“when the windmill is at rest and backward, it mainly tells us that something bad has happened”可知，当风车处于静止或倒退状态时，它预示着发生了不好的事
情，选项D表述与原文相符。

故选D。

10．推理判断题。

根据第一段“Windmill Day becomes a traditional folk festival in the Netherlands”可知，风车日渐渐成为一个传统的民间节日，所以本文主要介绍的风车之国——荷兰，推测可以在杂志的文化专栏看到这篇文章。

故选A。

11．A 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．D 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．A
【导语】本文叙述了人们有许多庆祝新年的传统和活动，并不是所有国家都以同样的方式来庆祝新年。

在日本，人们扔豆子。

在中国，新年前几周人们买礼物、装饰品、食物和新衣服。

在印度，男女一起表演传统舞蹈。

11．句意：人们有许多庆祝新年的传统和活动。

celebrate庆祝；take拿，获得；break打破；promise允诺，许诺。

根据“not all cultures celebrate New Year’s Day in the same way”可知，这里指的是庆祝。

故选A。

12．句意：然而，不是所有的习俗都以同样的方式庆祝新年。

So所以；And和，而且；Then然后；However然而。

根据下文介绍了三个国家以不同的方式庆祝新年可知，此处表示转折，However表示转折，后加逗号。

故选D。

13．句意：他们抛豆子的同时喊“坏运走开，好运进来。

”
pulling拉，拖；shouting呼喊，喊叫；playing游戏，玩耍；practicing练习。

根据引号后的内容可知这里指的是喊叫的内容。

故选B。

14．句意：它能在新的一年中带来健康和好运。

purpose目的；advice建议；health健康；time时间。

根据“and good luck”可知，这里与好运对应的是健康。

故选C。

15．句意：他们打扫房间来清除坏运气。

turn on打开；sweep away清除；take off起飞，脱下；tidy up收拾，整理。

根据空格后的“bad luck”可知，要清除坏运气。

故选B。

16．句意：在新年那天，孩子们将收到来自父母的红包。

accept接受；make制作；buy买；receive收到。

根据空格后“hongbao from their parents”可知，这里指的是孩子从父母那里收到红包。

故选D。

17．句意：这时人们总是拜访他们的亲戚和朋友。

hardly几乎不；never从不；always总是；seldom很少。

根据句意和语境可知，此处是指人们在新年时候总是会走访亲朋好友。

故选C。

18．句意：舞狮是春节期间举行的一项传统活动。

beautiful美丽的；traditional传统的；modern现代的；boring无聊的。

根据上文“the New Year with many traditions and activities”可知，这里指的是舞狮是一项传统活动。

故选B。

19．句意：人们认为喧闹的鼓声可以让坏运离开。

quiet安静的；slow慢的；fast快速的；loud大声的，喧吵的。

根据“sound of drums can keep bad things away”可知，大声的敲鼓的声音才能把坏运赶走。

故选D。

20．句意：在印度，男人和女人们表演传统舞蹈。

perform 表演；spend花费；hear听；check检查。

根据空格后的“traditional dances”可知，是表演舞蹈。

故选A。

21．helpful 22．with 23．Though/Although 24．less 25．mean 26．attention 27．head 28．prevent/avoid
【导语】本文主要介绍了印度的一些礼仪。

21．句意：如果你打算去印度旅行，了解以下习俗会很有帮助。

根据“know the following customs.”以及所给词可知了解印度的习俗会有帮助，作表语用形容词helpful“有帮助的”。

故填helpful。

22．句意：你不应该在公共场合与任何人牵手、亲吻或拥抱，即使是你所爱的人。

根据“hold hands...anyone, even your loved ones”可知是和任何人牵手，用介词with。

故填with。

23．句意：尽管印度人的眼睛很大，被认为是亚洲最美丽的，但说话时直视别人的眼睛是不合适的。

前后两句是让步关系，用though/although引导让步状语从句。

故填Though/Although。

24．句意：印度人的眼神交流比西方人少。

根据“it is not proper to look straight into a person’s eyes while talking”可知在印度说话时直视别人的眼睛是不礼貌的，所以他们的眼神交流更少，根据“than”可知此处用比较级less。

故填less。

25．句意：然而，这并不意味着印度人不诚实。

根据“that Indian people are not honest”可以印度人不眼神交流不意味着他们不诚实，mean“意味着”，助动词doesn’t后加动词原形。

故填mean。

26．句意：你应该注意的另一个习俗是，男人不应该碰印度女人。

pay attention to“注意”。

故填attention。

27．句意：更重要的是，无论你做什么，都要远离头部。

根据“the head is the most important
part...”可知是远离头部，head“头”。

故填head。

28．句意：如果你意外触摸了印度人的头部，请尽快道歉，以免造成任何麻烦。

根据“any trouble”可知碰了印度人的头，要尽快道歉，这样能避免造成麻烦，prevent“阻止”，avoid“避免”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。

故填prevent/avoid。

29．Countries 30．valuable/important 31．expect 32．stupid 33．first 34．impolite/rude 35．nobody 36．Changed 37．culture 38．business
【导语】本文讲述了关于时间的概念。

每个国家对“准时”都有不同的观点，然后分别讲述了德国，沙特阿拉伯，加纳和俄罗斯对准时的概念与习惯。

29．根据“China and Japan Germany Saudi Arabia Ghana Russia”可知，此处说的是国家，首字母需大写。

故填Countries。

30．根据“Nowadays, many people in China and Japan are racing against time. They put a lot of value in ‘being on time’.”可知，中国人和日本人认为“准时”很宝贵和重要。

故填valuable/important。

31．根据“Thanks to its industrial past (过去的工业化), in Germany you are expected to arrive at least ten minutes earlier for any planned meeting.”可知，德国人希望你提前到达，Germans作主语用主动语态。

故填expect。

32．根据“In Germany, being on time is risky (有风险的) enough because your hosts will probably already be there waiting, wondering how on earth（究竟）you could be so stupid.”可知，如果你没有提前十分钟到达在德国，别人会认为你很愚蠢。

故填stupid。

33．根据“It’s because of their long history of desert living where time is not the first thing to think about.”可知，沙特阿拉伯人认为时间不是第一件需要考虑的事情。

故填first。

34．根据“Moreover, looking at your watch during an event is even considered as bad manners.”可知，在沙特阿拉伯开会的时候看手表是不礼貌的。

故填impolite/rude。

35．根据“They think that if everyone is late, then no one is late”可知此处应该填no one，但是只能填一个单词，故填它的同义词nobody。

故填nobody。

36．根据“Most meeting times can be changed,”可知，在加纳大多数会议的时间是可以更改的。

故填changed。

37．根据“Patience is considered a very important quality in Russian culture”可知在俄罗斯文化里，耐心是重要的品质，故此处要填文化。

故填culture。

38．根据“When doing business in Russia, do be on time.”可知，在俄罗斯做生意时一定要准时。

故填business。

39．beginning 40．an 41．who/that 42．living 43．widely 44．of 45．able 46．considered 47．symbols 48．lucky
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要说明了兔子在中西方文化中被认为是幸运的象征。

39．句意：随着2023年的开始，兔年到来了。

根据“With the...(begin) of 2023”可知，介词with 后接名词或名词性短语，所以设空处应填begin的名词形式。

故填beginning。

40．句意：在中国文化中有一种观点认为兔子聪明温和。

根据“There is...opinion of...”可知，此处泛指一种观点需用不定冠词，因opinion是以元音因素开头，所以应用an。

故填an。

41．句意：这通过成语“动如脱兔”来表明——一个赞扬那些像兔子一样聪明敏捷的人的中国习语。

分析句子成分可知，此处为定语从句，先行词people指人，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that。

故填who/that。

42．句意：传说月宫里有一只兔子，它是嫦娥的宠物，嫦娥是中国家喻户晓的女神。

本句已有谓语结构there be，设空处应使用非谓语动词，rabbit和live之间是主动关系，所以使用现在分词。

故填living。

43．句意：传说月宫里有一只兔子，它是嫦娥的宠物，嫦娥是中国家喻户晓的女神。

设空处修饰动词known，应使用副词形式。

故填widely。

44．句意：因为兔子在自然界充满活力和生育能力。

be full of“充满”，设空处缺少介词。

故填of。

45．句意：同样在西方，众所周知，兔子能够在一些困难的条件下繁殖。

be able to do sth.“能做某事”，设空处缺少形容词。

故填able。

46．句意：在西方它们也被认为是幸运的。

主语they和谓语consider是逻辑上的动宾关系，需用被动语态，所以设空处应使用过去分词。

故填considered。

47．句意：最出名的好运象征之一，兔子的一只脚应该能带来好运。

“one of+最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，设空处应填symbol的复数形式。

故填symbols。

48．句意：所以，现在轮到幸运动物出现在十二生肖上了，或许兔年也能给你带来好运。

设空处修饰其后名词animal，应使用形容词形式。

故填lucky。