2024届上海市延安实验英语八下期末教学质量检测试题含答案

2024届上海市延安实验英语八下期末教学质量检测试题
满分120分，时间90分钟
一、完形填空(10分)
1、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

There was no sky or earth at the beginning. There was a big black egg. Something grew ___1___ it. What was it? It grew for 18,000 years. It ___2___ and dreamed. Finally, it stopped dreaming and woke up. It was Pangu!
In the darkness, his eyes shone like the sun and the moon. He reached out his body but his head hit on the egg. Pangu was too big for the egg. He felt ___3___, so he reached out his hand and touched something. It was an axe (斧子)! Pangu hit the egg with his axe. He ___4___ the egg! He breathed ___5___ and pushed up. Above him it became light. He pushed higher and higher. It became the sky. Pangu pushed down. ___6___ him it was dark and heavy. He pushed lower and lower. It became the ___7___. He kept pushing for 18,000 years. The sky and the earth became thicker. The more Pangu grew, the farther apart he pushed the earth and the sky, ___8___ the sky grew very high and the earth grew very big. Finally, Pangu got tired. He died. Then his head and body became the Five ___9___. They are Mount Tai, Mount Heng in Hunan, Mount Hua, Mount Heng in Shanxi, and Mount Song. His eyes turned into the sun and the moon. His blood changed into water. It filled the river and sea. His hair turned into stars. He _____10_____ became part of the nature.
1. A. outside B. inside C. by D. near
2. A. jumped B. laughed C. slept D. argued
3. A. asleep B. excited C. lonely D. uncomfortable
4. A. broke B. offered C. ate D. threw
5. A. clearly B. suddenly C. heavily D. deeply
6. A. Above B. Below C. Over D. Beside
7. A. sun B. moon C. earth D. sky
8. A. so B. but C. though D. unless
9. A. Rivers B. Mountains C. Stars D. Seas
10. A. his B. him C. himself D. itself
二、短文填空（10分）
2、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。

每空限填一词，每词限用一次。

We can often see soldiers, firefighters and policemen in their uniforms. And almost all students wear uniforms on weekdays. Most school uniforms in China are sports ____1____. Schools think sportswear has some advantages. This kind of school uniforms is cheap and every family can ____2____ them. Students don’t need to spend time thinking about ____3____ to wear. School uniforms become a part of Chinese school ____4____. But the color of school uniforms is ____5____. Students think they aren’t beautiful. They don’t like them, but they have no ____6____.
Now school uniforms change in many schools. You can see boys wearing pants and shirts with ____7____. And the shirts and skirts make girls look ____8____ beautiful. Students can even wear other ____9____ of uniforms in different occasions. Perhaps one day students can make uniforms for ____10____. New school uniforms will make the school life more colorful. 3、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Have you ever cut your finger while playing outside? Then you have probably used a number of Band-Aids（创口贴）
___1___（bandage）. There is a really nice story about them. It is said that a man named Earl Dickson created them for his wife, Josephine.
Mrs. Dickson enjoyed ___2___（cook）, but she often cut or burned herself while working in the kitchen. If she was at home alone, she couldn’t cover her injuries alone ___3___（easy）. This ___4___（cause）her husband worried. So he came up with ___5___ idea.
Mr. Dickson placed a piece ___6___ bandage on a table and then put some glue on the bandage. Then he folded another bandage into a small square and put it in the center of the bandage with glue. If his wife cut or burned herself, she could put the bandage over the hurt area by ___7___（her）. Mrs. Dickson loved this kind of sticky bandages.
Mr. Dickson showed the bandage to his boss. They loved it too, and they decided to sell the product.
At ___8___（one）, the sticky bandage was not popular. Some months ___9___（late）, W. Johnson Kenyon came up with a new word, “Band-Aids”. The word “band” was for the piece of bandage and “aid” was for first aid or help for the person who was hurt.
And ___10___ then, Band-Aids have become famous, and people of all the ages have used them to cover small injuries. 4、阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词，注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。

要求写出完整单词。

Paper cutting has been around for over 1, 500 years. It is one of the greatest traditional arts in China. Paper cutting sounds
s___1___, but actually it can be difficult to do. The main t___2___ in paper cutting are paper and scissors. The paper, usually red, is folded before it is cut with scissors. The most c___3___ pictures are flowers, animals, and things about Chinese history. They are put on windows, doors, and walls as symbols of good l___4___. For example, paper cuttings are often used at weddings. The paper is cut out in the s___5___ of a big red Chinese character “Xi”, which stands for happiness.
5、We must make a plan to stop people _________(pollution) the rivers.
三、阅读理解（40分）
6、Poverty (贫穷) is a big problem around the world. ___1___ By the end of 2020, China had made great progress in the fight against absolute (绝对的) poverty.
Over the past eight years, the last 98.99 million people have got out of poverty. ___2___ Besides, China has helped end 70 percent of poverty around the world since the late1970s. In fact, China realized the goal listed in the United Nations’ 2030 Plan ten years ahead of time.
Such great progress has caught the eyes of the world. How did China make it? ___3___ Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and provide them with methods to lift themselves out of poverty. Since 2015, more than 3 million officials from the government and state-owned companies have been to the countryside. They provided new technology for the farmers and helped them raise money. More importantly, the officials have designed different programs to help them get out of poverty. ___4___ Zhang Guimei is one of them. She set up a free senior high school for girls and helped them go to college. Mao Xianglin led the villagers to build a road on mountains.
Shaking off (摆脱) poverty is not the end, but the starting point of a new life. ___5___ Its goal is to fully develop the countryside. Hopefully, there will be stronger business and more pleasant living environment in people’s lives.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。

A. Our country has set up a new institute (机构).
B. It found its own way to fight against poverty.
C. However, China has done a good job to deal with it.
D. It was one of the goals of the 13th Five-Year Plan in China.
E. Even common people have played an important role in the work.
四、补全对话（10分）
7、根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。

A: What are you going to do this Saturday?
B: ___________1___________.
A: Primary school? Why are you going there?
B: Because there is going to be a party for the old classmates.
A: Wow! That sounds great!
B: ___________2___________?
A: Of course, I’d love to. ___________3___________?
B: Let’s drive there.
A: Oh, no, we’d better not. ___________4___________.
B: Shall we take a bus or ride bikes?
A: __________5__________. The whether report says it will be rainy and windy this weekend.
B: OK. Let’s make it.
五、语法填空（10分）
8、阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 从1～15 各题所给的A、B、C 和D项中选出最佳选项。

Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber. Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years ___1___ an adventure（冒险）in South America. He was even ___2___ to be Adventurer of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018.
___3___ Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel pleased. He asked ___4___, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains? How can I turn my adventures into ___5___ that can help the world?” Jerry learned t hat scientists needed to study plants, rocks and water samples（样本）from places far away. ___6___ scientists can’t get there themselves because these ___7___ adventurers can make it. Jerry thought the places are hard to reach—only he could offer some help. He then thought of ___8___ idea. He set up a team of top adventurers ___9___ samples for scientists. By _____10_____ the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it. _____11_____ meaningful work he has done!
Since 2020, Jerry and his friends _____12_____ more than 1,000 samples for _____13_____ how plants live in terrible conditions. These samples have helped scientists change conditions.
For Jerry, this kind of adventures is most satisfying. “Such adventures have made _____14_____ see life in a different way. Now, being the best climber _____15_____ important for me. What matters is doing something helpful when climbing mountains. There is still much more we can do,” Jerry said to a newspaper reporter.
1. A. in B. to C. on D. with
2. A. chose B. chooses C. choosing D. chosen
3. A. If B. Although C. When D. Since
4. A. he B. his C. him D. himself
5. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
6. A. So B. Or C. And D. But
7. A. brave B. braver C. bravest D. the bravest
8. A. a B. an C. the D. /
9. A. to collect B. collecting C. collect D. collected
10. A. studying B. study C. studies D. studied
11. A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
12. A. finds B. found C. have found D. find
13. A. learn B. learnt C. learning D. to learning
14. A. our B. ours C. us D. we
15. A. aren’t B. isn’t C. w eren’t D. wasn’t
六、阅读表达（10分）
9、请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答下面问题。

要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整，并把答案写在答题卡指定的位置上。

Dear students,
I am glad to give a speech about space as a space scientist.
In 2003, China sent its first astronaut, Yang Liwei into space. Since then, several other Chinese astronau ts have “reached for the stars”. Shenzhou-16 manned spaceship took off on May 30th, 2023 and carried another 3 astronauts to the space station. And Jing Haipeng is a great astronaut who now is taking his fourth mission in the space. Among all the astronauts, Wang Yaping has even drawn worldwide attention. She is known to us because she was the first Chinese woman to take a spacewalk. Because of this, you start to wonder what you should do to become astronauts like these great men. Actually it is never easy to be an astronaut. Listen to the important things.
Health is important
To be an astronaut, you need to be very healthy. You’d better not have any small problems. For example, a decayed tooth (龋齿) could get worse in space and bring trouble to astronauts.
Take hard training
In China, you must be a great pilot (飞行员) first and fly more than 600 hours without accidents. And then you might start difficult training after becoming a backup (预备) astronaut. For example, you have to wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet. This is like doing tasks during a spacewalk.
Get much knowledge (知识)
Knowledge is important as well. Astronauts must learn different subjects including math, English, physics. So they can do with emergencies (紧急情况) and do scientific experiments in space.
However, it’s possible that backup astronauts can never go to space. During the Shenzhou XIII mission, only three astronauts could go into space. But there are another 13 backup astronauts. They are also heroes of this great space program.
1. Who is the first astronaut into space in China?
___________________________________
2. How many times has Jing Haipeng been to the space before 2023?
___________________________________
3. What must a great pilot do if he wants to be an astronaut?
___________________________________
4. Where should the backup astronauts do tasks for six or seven hours without eating, underwater or in space?
___________________________________
5. What are the three important things for the astronauts according to the scientist?
___________________________________
七、书面表达（20分）
时光如梭，八年级学习生活即将结束，九年级学习生活即将开始。

请你用英语写写自己过去两年学习生活的收获和感悟，以及对九年级学习生活的安排。

注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.文章通顺，书写规范；
3.不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、完形填空(10分)
1、1. B2. C3. D4. A5. D6. B7. C8. A9. B10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要写了宇宙的起源和盘古开天辟地的故事。

【1题详解】
句意：有东西在里面生长。

outside外部；inside内部；by通过；near附近，根据“There was a big black egg.”可知，此处表示有东西在蛋里面生长。

故选B。

【2题详解】
句意：它睡觉做梦。

jumped跳跃；laughed大笑；slept睡觉；argued争辩。

根据“Finally, it stopped dreaming and woke up. It was Pangu!”可知，此处表示它睡觉做梦。

故选C。

【3题详解】
句意：他感到不舒服，所以他伸出手去摸了什么东西。

asleep睡着的；excited兴奋的；lonely孤独的；uncomfortable不舒服的。

根据“Pangu was too big for the egg.”可知，此处表示盘古感到不舒服。

故选D。

【4题详解】
句意：他打破了蛋！
broke打碎；offered提供；ate吃；threw扔。

根据“Pangu hit the egg with his axe.”可知，此处表示盘古用斧头打破了蛋。

故选A。

【5题详解】
句意：他深深地吸了一口气，然后向上推。

clearly清楚地；suddenly突然地；heavily沉重地；deeply深沉地。

根据“and pushed up.可知，盘古需要深呼吸发力，此处表示他深深地吸了一口气。

故选D。

【6题详解】
句意：他的下面又黑又沉。

Above在……以上；Below在……下面；Over在上方；Beside在……旁边。

根据“He pushed lower and lower.”可知，此处指盘古的下面。

故选B。

【7题详解】
句意：它变成了地球。

sun太阳；moon月亮；earth地球；sky天空。

根据“He pushed higher and higher. It became the sky.”可知，高的变成天空，低的变成地球。

故选C。

【8题详解】
句意：盘古越长越大，他就把大地和天空推得越远，于是天空变得越来越高，大地变得越来越大。

so因此；but但是；though虽然；unless除非。

根据“The more Pangu grew, the farther apart he pushed the earth and the sky,”可知，两句是因果关系。

故选A。

【9题详解】
句意：然后他的头和身体变成了五岳。

Rivers河；Mountains山；Stars星星；Seas大海。

根据“They are Mount Tai, Mount Heng in Hunan, Mount Hua, Mount Heng in Shanxi, and Mount Song.”可知，此处表示“五岳”。

故选B。

【10题详解】
句意：他自己成为了大自然的一部分。

his他的；him他；himself他自己；itself它自己。

分析句子此处是同位语，强调“他本人”，himself作he的同位语。

故选C。

二、短文填空（10分）
2、1. suits
2. afford
3. what
4. culture
5. simple
6. choice
7. ties8. more
9. styles10. themselves
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的校服及其发展。

【1题详解】
句意：中国的大多数校服都是运动服。

根据后文“sportswear has some advantages.”并结合备选词汇可知，可知，此处指“运动服”sports suits。

故填suits。

【2题详解】
句意：这种校服很便宜，每个家庭都买得起。

根据前文“This kind of school uniforms is cheap”并结合备选词汇可知，这种校服很便宜，所以每个家庭都“买得起”，afford“买得起”。

情态动词can后接动词原形。

故填afford。

【3题详解】
句意：学生们不需要花时间思考该穿什么。

分析句子并结合备选词汇可知，此处为宾语从句，表达“穿什么”，应用疑问词what。

故填what。

【4题详解】
句意：校服已成为中国学校文化的一部分。

根据“a part of Chinese school...”并结合备选词汇可知，校服是“校园文化”的一部分，culture“文化”。

故填culture。

【5题详解】
句意：但是校服的颜色很单一。

根据“Students think they aren’t beautiful.”并结合备选词汇可知，学生们认为校服不好看，原因是颜色“单一”，simple“单一的”。

故填simple。

【6题详解】
句意：他们不喜欢它们，但他们别无选择。

分析句子并结合备选词汇，此处考查have no chice“别无选择”，固定短语。

故填choice。

【7题详解】
句意：你可以看到男孩们穿着裤子和带领带的衬衫。

根据“ You can see boys wearing pants and shirts with...”并结合备选词汇可知，此处表达“系着领带”，tie“领带”，主语为复数，故此处也应用复数。

故填ties。

【8题详解】
句意：衬衫和裙子让女孩看起来更漂亮。

根据“look...beautiful.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处应为比较级，穿着衬衫和裙子让女孩们看起来“更漂亮”，beautiful为多音节词，比较级要加more。

故填more。

【9题详解】
句意：学生甚至可以在不同的场合穿其他风格的制服。

根据“in different occasions.”并结合备选词汇可知，不同场合可以穿不同“风格”的校服，故应用style“风格”，此处应用复数。

故填styles。

【10题详解】
句意：也许有一天学生们可以自己做制服。

根据“make uniforms for...”并结合备选词汇可知，这里指有一天学生们可能会为“他们自己”做校服，故应用they的反身代词themselves“他们自己”。

故填themselves。

3、1. bandages
2. cooking
3. easily
4. caused
5. an
6. of
7. herself
8. first9. later
10. since
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了创口贴的由来。

【1题详解】
句意：那么你可能用过很多创可贴。

根据a number of+名词复数，表示“很多”，bandage“绷带”，可数名词，此处用复数形式。

故填bandages。

【2题详解】
句意：迪克松太太喜欢做饭。

根据enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”可知此处用动名词形式。

故填cooking。

【3题详解】
句意：如果她一个人在家，她不可能一个人轻易地包扎自己的伤口。

根据“If she was at home alone, she couldn’t cover her injuries alone…”可知她自己在家，不方便自己处理伤口，此处缺副词修饰动词cover。

故填easily。

【4题详解】
句意：这导致她的丈夫很担心。

句子描述的是过去发生的故事，时态要用一般过去时，动词用过去式。

故填caused。

【5题详解】
句意：所以他想出了一个主意。

此处表示泛指，“idea”是以元音音素开头的单词。

故填an。

【6题详解】
句意：迪克松先生在桌子上放了一块绷带，然后在绷带上涂了一些胶水。

a piece of“一块”，为固定短语，故填of。

【7题详解】
句意：她可以自己把绷带贴在受伤的地方。

by oneself“独自”，是固定短语，此处应用反身代词。

故填herself。

【8题详解】
句意：起初，粘性绷带并不流行。

at first“起初”，为固定短语。

故填first。

【9题详解】
句意：几个月后，W·约翰逊·肯扬想出了一个新词，“创可贴”。

根据“Some months…, W. Johnson Kenyon came u p with a new word, ‘Band-Aids’.”可知几个月后他才想出这个新词，later“以后”符合语境，故填later。

【10题详解】
句意：从此以后，创可贴已经出名，各个年龄段的人都用它来保护小伤。

根据“have become”可知句子是现在完成时，since then“从此以后”符合语境，故填since。

4、1. (s)imple
2. (t)ools
3. (c)ommon
4. (l)uck
5. (s)hape
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了剪纸的历史、特点和应用。

【1题详解】
句意：剪纸听起来很简单，但实际上很难做。

根据“but actually it can be difficult to do”和首字母可知剪纸听上去很简单。

simple“简单的”，形容词，故填(s)imple。

【2题详解】
句意：剪纸的主要工具是纸和剪刀。

根据“paper and scissors”可知纸和剪刀是剪纸的主要工具。

tool“工具”，可数名词，此处应用复数，故填(t)ools。

【3题详解】
句意：最常见的图片是花、动物和有关中国历史的东西。

根据“pictures are flowers, animals, and things about Chinese history”和首字母可知，此处是指最常见的图片。

common“常见的”，形容词。

故填(c)ommon。

【4题详解】
句意：它们被贴在窗户、门和墙上，作为好运的象征。

根据“For example, paper cuttings are often used at weddings”可知剪纸经常在婚礼上使用，象征着好运，luck“运气”，不可数名词。

故填(l)uck。

【5题详解】
句意：这张纸被剪成一个红色的大字“囍”的形状，代表幸福。

根据“The paper is cut out in the s...of a big red Chinese character ‘Xi’ ”可知是把纸剪成“囍”的形状。

shape“形状”，名词。

故填(s)hape。

5、polluting
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们必须制定一个计划来阻止人们污染河流。

stop sb. (from) doing sth. 表示“阻止某人做某事”，此处指的是阻止人们污染河流，应用动名词作宾语。

故填polluting。

三、阅读理解（40分）
6、1. C2. D3. B4. E5. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的脱贫成果和途径。

【1题详解】
根据后一句“By the end of 2020, China had made great progress in the fight against absolute poverty.”可知，截至2020年底，中国在消除绝对贫困方面取得了重大进展。

所以该空与中国的贫困状况有关，C选项“然而，中国在应对这一问题上做得很好。

”符合语境，故选C。

【2题详解】
根据前一句“Over the past eight years, the last 98.99 million people have got out of poverty.”可知，在过去的八年里，9899
万人摆脱了贫困。

所以该空与此脱贫成果有关，D选项“这是中国“十三五”规划的目标之一。

”符合语境，故选D。

【3题详解】
根据前一句“How did China make it?”可知，中国是如何做到的？所以该空是对此进行回答，B选项“它找到了自己与贫困作斗争的方法。

”符合语境，故选B。

【4题详解】
根据后一句“Zhang Guimei is one of them.”可知，张桂梅就是其中之一。

所以该空与脱贫中的人物有关，E选项“就连普通人也在这项工作中发挥了重要作用。

”符合语境，故选E。

【5题详解】
根据后一句“Its goal is to fully develop the countryside.”可知，它的目的是全面发展农村。

所以该空应该与“它”的具体所指有关，A选项“我们国家成立了一个新的机构。

”符合语境，故选A。

四、补全对话（10分）
7、1. I’m going to my primary school
2. Would you like to go with me
3. How can we go there
4. It will be too crowded / It’s not good for the environment
5. Let’s take a bus
【解析】
【分析】通过对话可知，这个周六B要去他的小学参加老同学聚会，邀请A一同去，A很乐意去。

由于天气预报报道这周末有风有雨。

他们将乘公交车去那里。

【1题详解】
细节推理题．根据前句What are you going to do this Saturday？这个星期六你打算做什么？和后句Primary school？可知应说我要去我的小学．故答案为I am going to my primary school．
【2题详解】
细节推理题．根据后句Of course，I'd love to．当然，我很乐意．可知应说你愿意和我一起去吗？故答案为Would you like to go with me？
【3题详解】
细节推理题．根据后句Let's drive there．我们开车去吧．可知应说我们怎么去？故答案为How can we go there？
【4题详解】
细节推理题．根据前句no，we'd better not．不，我们最好不要．可知应说它太拥挤了或者是不环保。

故答案为It will be too crowded．/ It’s not good for the environment。

【5题详解】
细节推理题．根据前句Shall we take a bus or ride bikes？我们是坐公共汽车还是骑自行车？和后句The weather report says it will be rainy and windy this weekend．天气预报说这个周末会下雨和刮风．可知应说我们坐公共汽车吧．故答案为
Let's take a bus．
五、语法填空（10分）
8、1. C2. D3. B4. D5. A6. D7. C8. B9. A10. A11. B12. C13. C14. C15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了世界著名的登山运动员杰瑞的故事。

【1题详解】
句意：从2015年开始，他和朋友们花了两年时间在南美洲冒险。

in在里面；to到；on在上面；with和。

spend time on sth.“花费时间在某物上”。

故选C。

【2题详解】
句意：他甚至被一家著名地理杂志选为2018年的年度冒险家。

chose选择，动词过去式；chooses动词不定式；choosing动名词；chosen过去分词。

主语He和谓语choose之间是被动关系，此处用过去分词。

故选D。

【3题详解】
句意：虽然杰瑞取得了巨大的成功，他没有感到满意。

if如果；although虽然；when当；since自从。

根据“Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel pleased”可知前后两句是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。

故选B。

【4题详解】
句意：他问自己。

he他，主格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；him他，宾格；himself他自己，反身代词。

根据“He asked...”可知是他问他自己。

故选D。

【5题详解】
句意：我怎样才能把我的冒险变成可以帮助世界的事情。

something一些事；anything任何事；everything所有事；nothing没有事。

根据“turn my adventures into...that can help the world”可知是把自己的冒险变成可以帮助世界的事情，用something。

故选A。

【6题详解】
句意：但是科学家们自己无法到达那里。

so所以；or或者；and和；but但是。

此处和前文内容是转折关系，用but连接。

故选D。

【7题详解】
句意：因为这些最勇敢的冒险家能够成功。

brave勇敢的，形容词原级；braver比较级；bravest最高级；the bravest定冠词the加最高级。

根据“adventurers can make it”可知此处指最勇敢的冒险家，前有these修饰，最高级前不加定冠词。

故选C。

【8题详解】
句意：然后他想到了一个主意。

a不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词；/零冠词。

此处泛指“一个主意”，idea以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。

故选B。

【9题详解】
句意：他成立了一个由顶级冒险家组成的团队来为科学家收集样本。

to collect收集，动词不定式；collecting动名词；collect动词原形；collected动词过去式。

此处作目的状语，用动词不定式。

故选A。

【10题详解】
句意：通过研究样本，科学家可以更多地了解地球并找到保护地球的方法。

studying学习，动名词；study动词原形；studies动词单三；studied动词过去式。

介词by后加动名词。

故选A。

【11题详解】
句意：他所做的工作是多么有意义啊！
what a引导感叹句，修饰可数名词单数；what引导感叹句，修饰不可数名词或名词复数；how a不引导感叹句；how引导感叹句，修饰形容词或副词。

感叹句的中心词是不可数名词work，用what引导感叹句。

故选B。

【12题详解】
句意：自2020年以来，杰瑞和他的朋友们已经发现了1000多个样本，用于学习植物如何在恶劣的条件下生活。

finds发现，动词单三；found动词过去式；have found现在完成时；find动词原形。

根据“Since”可知句子用现在完成时。

故选C。

【13题详解】
句意：自2020年以来，杰瑞和他的朋友们已经发现了1000多个样本，用于学习植物如何在恶劣的条件下生活。

learn学习，动词原形；learnt动词过去式；learning动名词；to learning介词加动名词。

介词for后加动名词。

故选C。

【14题详解】
句意：这样的冒险让我们以不同的方式看待生活
our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词；us我们，宾格；we我们，主格。

此处作谓语动词made 的宾语用代词宾格us。

故选C。

【15题详解】
句意：现在，成为最好的登山者对我来说并不重要。

aren’t不是，be动词的复数，一般现在时；isn’t不是，be动词的单数，一般现在时；weren’t不是，be动词的复数，一般过去时；wasn’t不是，be动词的单数，一般过去时。

根据“Now”可知句子用一般现在时，主语是动名词，be动词用is。

故选B。

六、阅读表达（10分）
9、1. Yang Liwei./Yang Liwei is the first astronaut into space in China.
2. Three (times)./Jing Haipeng has been to the space three times before 202
3.
3. He/A great pilot must fly more than 600 hours without accidents.
4. Underwater./Under the water.
5. Health, hard training and much knowledge./Health, taking hard training and getting much knowledge.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了要成为一名宇航员应满足的条件。

【1题详解】
根据“In 2003, China sent its first astronaut, Yang Liwei into space.”可知，杨利伟是中国第一个进入太空的人。

故填Yang Liwei./Yang Liwei is the first astronaut into space in China.
【2题详解】
根据“And Jing Haipeng is a great astronaut who now is taking his fourth mission in the space.”可知，景海鹏在2023年之前去过三次太空。

故填Three (times)./Jing Haipeng has been to the space three times before 2023.
【3题详解】
根据“In China, you must be a gre at pilot (飞行员) first and fly more than 600 hours without accidents.”可知，你必须首先是一个伟大的飞行员，飞行600小时以上没有事故。

故填He/A great pilot must fly more than 600 hours without accidents.
【4题详解】
根据“you have to wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet.”可知，宇航员在水下做六七个小时的任务。

故填Underwater./Under the water.
【5题详解】
根据三个标题“Health is important、Take hard training以及Get much knowledge”可知，宇航员最重要的三件事是：健康、努力训练以及足够的知识。

故填Health, hard training and much knowledge./Health, taking hard training and getting much knowledge.
七、书面表达（20分）
例文
Looking back at the past two years, I have made great progress.
First of all, I have made many friends. We share our feelings with each other and help each other in life as well as study. I am not shy any longer and become active and confident. With the help of my parents, I have learned to do some housework, such as cleaning my room, cooking and so on. I can take care of myself well now. Thanks to my kind and patient teachers, I have
developed good learning habits, and done better in study as well.
Next year I am going to be serious about what I do. I will make full use of time to study when I’m in Grade 9. I will try my best to do well in every subject and I will spare some time to do some exercise to keep healthy. I will make greater efforts to achieve greater success in the future!
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态为“现在完成时”和“一般将来时”；
③提示：本文主要是讲述自己过去两年学习生活的收获和感悟，以及对九年级学习生活的安排。

[写作步骤]
第一步，引出话题，表示在过去的两年里取得了很大的进步；
第二步，详细介绍自己过去两年学习生活的收获和感悟；
第三步，介绍对九年级学习生活的安排。

[亮点词汇]
①share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物
②not...any longer不再
③with the help of在……的帮助下
④thanks to幸亏
[高分句型]
①With the help of my parents, I have learned to do some housework, such as cleaning my room, cooking and so on.(动名词作宾语)
②I will try my best to do well in every subject and I will spare some time to do some exercise to keep healthy.(and连接的并列句以及动词不定式作目的状语)。