热点02 举重运动(东京奥运会特辑)(原卷版)-备战2022年高考英语时事热点阅读+题型专练

备战2022年高考英语时事热点阅读+题型专练
热点02 举重运动(东京奥运会特辑)
一、阅读理解
1
In the competition of Olympic weightlifting, the athletes try to lift the maximum (最大的) weight they can. There are special conditions they have to meet in order to compete: body weight, height and strength.
The Olympic weightlifting mainly tests the limit of explosive strength (爆发力). There are not many lifters who really like Olympic weightlifting and the explanation is very simple: they are short of explosive strength.
The weights used for Olympic weightlifting are added in kilograms. The order by which the athletes enter the competition is not general, but it is set depending on the event. Usually the athlete with the lowest weight begins. If he/she is not successful, he/she can try later. There is a maximum of three lifts allowed for every competition.
For many years Olympic weightlifting was only for men. However, now women also take part in Olympic weightlifting. It was at the beginning of the 21st century that women’s competitions entered an organized professional environment. For women, Olympic weightlifting is more difficult because of their different body structure. However, strength training techniques (技术) are widely and successfully used by women, too.
Lots of the athletes who’ve ended up in Olymp ic weightlifting competitions have started with strength training only to improve their muscle condition and their body power. However, the demarcation line (界线) is not still very clear between power training and Olympic weightlifting. This is how so many lifters have got into Olympic weightlifting competition, even if their purpose was different at the beginning.
1. In the competition of Olympic weightlifting, athletes need to be all of the following EXCEPT________.
A. the right age
B. the right height
C. the right weight
D. the right strength
2. How many more times can a lifter try if he/she fails for the first time?
A. One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
3. According to the fourth paragraph, ________.
A. men often do better than women in weightlifting
B. women need to use different training techniques from men
C. men can learn the training techniques better than women
D. women used not to be allowed to compete in Olympic weightlifting
4. According to the passage, many athletes began to practice weightlifting because they wanted to________.
A. take part in the Olympics
B. get a reward in the competition
C. strengthen their body power
D. test the limit of explosive strength
2
A new graph has revealed exactly how long you’11 need to sweat it out in the gym to neut ralize (抵消) swallowing a favorite fast food.
While eating fried chicken, pizza and burgers will all entail a gym session of over an hour doing cardio(有氧运动)or lifting weights, women have it far harder than men and must work extra hard to banish calorie-packed meals.
After a classic McDonald's favorite, the Big Mac, men would need to do 42 minutes of cardio or 57 minutes of weightlifting.
As for women, fifty one minutes of cardio would help counter the 24 grams of fat in a Big Mac---over a quarter of the recommended daily allowance - --or an hour and eight minutes of weightlifting.
However, the 450g Tesco chocolate cake was by far the worst offender. Clocking in at a whopping 1,710 calories and 90 grams of fat, only a hardcore gym session is going to shift the calories you’ve absorbed from this dessert. The average woman would have to lift weights for almost four hours to work off the calories in this cake.
Comparatively a chocolate bar seems healthy, with 237 calories which would take 25 minutes for the average woman to run off. Alternatively you could spend thirty three minutes doing weightlifting exercises.
Men will have to complete 40 minutes of cardio and 53 minutes of weightlifting while women will have to complete 48 minutes of cardio and 64 minutes of weightlifting against the calories in French fries.
5. The fat of the recommended daily allowance for women is _________grams.
A. 18
B. 20
C. 24
D. 30
6. According to the passage, __________is the unhealthiest food.
A. French fries
B. the Big Mac
C. a chocolate bar
D. Tesco chocolate cake
7. Compared with men, women must spend ________to consume the calories in French fries.
A. 11 more minutes lifting weights
B. 8 less minutes doing cardio
C. 8 more minutes lifting weights
D. 11 less minutes doing cardio
8. The main purpose of the passage is to___________.
A. inform us to stay away from fast food
B. offer us advice on how to keep healthy
C. tell us some information about fast food
D. suggest what we do to work off the calories
3
What makes a person become an Olympic champion? In reality, a combination of biological environmental, and psychological factors as well as training and practice, all go into making a super athlete.
Perhaps the most important factor involved in becoming a super athlete is genetics. Most Olympic competitors are equipped with certain unique physical characteristics. Take a super athlete's muscles, for example. In most human skeletal muscles, there are fast-twitch fibers and slow-twitch fibers. Fast-twitch fibers help us move quickly. They allow weightlifters to lift hundreds of kilos from the ground and over their heads in seconds. The legs of a super marathon runner, on the other hand, might contain up to 90 percent slow-twitch muscle fibers, which generate energy efficiently and enable people to control tiredness and keep moving for a longer period of time when they exercise long or hard.
Some athletes' abilities are naturally enhanced by their environment. Those raised at high altitudes have blood that is rich in hemoglobin, which enables these athletes to run better, Cultural factors also help Tegla Loroupe, a young woman from northern Kenya, won several marathons. She attributes some of her success to her country's high altitude and her cultural background. As a child, she had to run ten kilometers to school every day.
Although genetics, environment, and even culture play a part in becoming a super athlete, training and practice are needed to succeed. Weightlifters and gymnasts perfect their skills by repeating the same motions again and again until they are automatic. Training this way requires an athlete to be not only physically fit but psychologically healthy as well.
How do athletes adjust to such intense pressure? Louganis explains how he learned to control his anxiety during a compe tition: "Most divers think too much…," he says. "They're too much in their heads. What worked for me was humor. I remember thinking about what my mother would say if she saw me do a bad dive. She'd probably
just compliment me on the beautiful splash."
9. Having a lot of slow-twitch muscle fibers is particularly important for .
A. Weightlifters.
B. Divers.
C. Cyclists.
D. Table tennis players.
10. What does the underlined word “attribute” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Devotes.
B. Compares.
C. Exposes.
D. Owes.
11. How does Louganis deal with his anxiety according to the passage?
A. By thinking too much.
B. By training hard.
C. By laughing at the amusing things
D. By speaking out.
12. Which of the following can be the best title of the text?
A. Healthy Olympic Champions.
B. Olympic Champions in the Making.
C. Factors in Becoming Physically and Psychologically Healthy.
D. Difference between an Athlete and an Average Person.
二、七选五
The modern competitive sport of weightlifting originated in 19th-century Europe and was included in the first modern Olympic Games in 1896. 13. At that time, simple competitions were held to see who could lift the heaviest weight.
The first worldwide weightlifting championships were held in London in 1891. At that time, there were no female competitors. Today, the World Weightlifting Championships, organized by the International Weightlifting Federation (IWF), are held every year. 14. Weightlifting as an Olympic event got off to an unsmooth start. It was not held as a separate event in the first games held in 1896, but as a field event. 15. The sport returned to the Olympics again in 1904, this time as part of the athletics program. Not until 1920 did weightlifting make its real Olympic comeback. The 1920 Olympic Games, held i n Antwerp, Belgium, marked weightlifting’s debut（首次露面）as a separate event. 16. Previously, weightlifters in the Olympics were all required to compete against each other, regardless of their size. One-hand lifting was dropped from the sport in 1928. Various weightlifting exercises were added and later removed over many years until 1972. 17. The 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney saw the introduction of the women’s competition, although the IWF has held the World Weightlifting Championships for women since 1987.
A. The 1940 and 1944 Games were canceled.
B. It is a sport in which barbells are lifted competitively.
C. The 1900 Games had no weightlifting presence at all.
D. The championships include 15 separate weight types for both men and women.
E.The 1972 Olympic Games finally presented the weightlifting program in its present form.
F.The sport, however, dates back to ancient civilizations including China, Egypt and Greece.
G.The Antwerp Games also introduced one-hand lifting and weight divisions to the new event.
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Nikhil Kumar is one of the best young table tennis 18. (player) in the United States. Less than a month after Kumar won the right 19. (compete) in them, the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games 20. (put) off until 2021. Like so many other Olympic athletes, he is now trying to stay sharp and in shape.
21. is different are all the details of his training. All things considered, he says, everything seems to be working. "For my sport, a little lucky that were able to have everything indoors, and it's not taking22. too much space and everything," Kumar said. "Not many sports are as lucky as ours are right now, to be able to have the opportunity to continue playing on a daily basis.”
The coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒) has forced many athletes to be 23. (create) as they try to continue their training. But in some Olympic sports, working from home is fairly common. Kumar has been able to play table tennis with a robot that 24. (shoot) balls at him.
Everyone is facing issues during the pandemic, 25. some competitors have been lucky. Weightlifter Kate Nye trains at home in her garage. She said. "When everything kind of started shutting down, it26. (obvious) affected our lives in other ways -but weightlifting wasn't one of them. I’ve just been going as 27. (plan).”
四、完形填空
The mental aspect of athletics is underrated. The common expression, “athletics is 90 percent 28 and 10 percent physical, ” is often used by coaches, and stresses that mindsets make a huge 29 in competitions.
“The physical aspect of the sport can only take you 30 , ” said Olympic gold medal-winning gymnast Shannon Miller during an interview with the Dana Foundation. “The mental aspect has to 31 , especially when you’re talking about the best of the best. In the Olympic Games, everyone is talented. Everyone 32 hard. Everyone does the work. What 33 the gold medalists from the silver medalists is simply the mental game. ”
Many athletes have used the technique of mental imagery, or 34 , to perform at their best. Research on the brain patterns of 35 found that the patterns activated when a weightlifter lifted heavy weights were activated 36 when they simply imagined lifting and some studies have suggested that mental 37 can be almost as effective as physical training. One study, published in the Journal of Sport&Exercise Psychology in 1996, found that 38 weight lifting caused 39 changes in muscle activity.
“Mental imagery 40 on many cognitive (认知的) processes in the brain:motor control, attention, perception, planning, and memory, ” researcher Angie LeVan wrote in Psychology Today. “So the41 is getting trained for actual performance during visualisation. It’s been found that mental practices c an enhance motivation, increase confidence, improve motor performance and 42 your brain for success. ”
43 visualising is more than just thinking about an upcoming event. 44 athletes use visualisation, they truly feel the event taking pla ce in their mind’s eye.
“During visualisation, she incorporates (整合) all of her 45 into the experience, ” sports psychologist Dr JoAnn Dahlkoetter wrote in a blog post on The Huffington Post 46 a speed skater she works with. “She feels her forefoot pushing off the track, she hears her skating splits, and she sees herself racing ahead of the competitors. She experiences all of the elements of her race 47 before executing (完成) her performance. ”
28. A. lucky B. intelligent C. mental D. strategic
29. A. difference B. importance C. improvement D. challenge
30. A. so long B. so far C. so much D. so high
31. A. turn on B. show off C. take up D. set off
32. A. thinks B. moves C. runs D. trains
33. A. breaks B. pushes C. decides D. distinguishes
34. A. activation B. visualization C. motivation D. perception
35. A. athletes B. gymnasts C. weightlifters D. skaters
36. A. regularly B. normally C. finally D. similarly
37. A. connection B. practice C. performances D. directions
38. A. imagining B. considering C. reviewing D. dreaming
39. A. few B. usual C. actual D. strange
40. A. impacts B. increases C. slows D. follows
41. A. brain B. body C. attention D. memory
42. A. help B. apply C. use D. prepare
43. A. Though B. But C. Thus D. Otherwise
44. A. Unless B. After C. When D. Until
45. A. observations B. spirit C. determination D. senses
46. A. to B. for C. about D. with
47. A. in surprise B. in detail C. on time D. for example。