2020_2021学年高中英语Module3TheViolenceofNature单元要点复习随堂演

Module 3 The Violence of Nature
单元要点复习
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He ________(经历) the terrible earthquake in Ya'An.
2．There is little ________(家具) in my bedroom.
3．What ________(引起) this terrible forest fire?
4．The people wondered how long the ________(灾难) would last.
5．An idea ________(发生)to me that I would go for a picnic on Sunday.
6．The snowstorm ________(袭击) several provinces.
7．He was ________(埋葬) in ruins for several days.
8．This job calls for no ________(以前的) experience.
9．There is something wrong with the ________(警告) system.
10．Overwork causes ________(损害) to your health.
答案
1．experienced 2.furniture 3.caused 4.disaster
5．occurred 6.struck 7.buried 8.previous 9.warning
10．damage
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．By the time the reporters hurried to the hotel, the famous basketball player ________ (leave) earlier.
2．He became ________ (home) after the flood destroyed his house.
3．The ________ (nature) disaster caused a heavy loss.
4．Didn't it occur ________ you to visit Jack when you were in London?
5．A big earthquake ________ (strike) southern Haiti, knocking down buildings and power lines.
6．Is there any possibility ________ the new educational program will be carried out next January?
7．Several of the passengers were hurt and one was taken to hospital in this traffic accident. ________ (lucky), none was killed.
8．In the last twenty years, great changes ________ (take) place.
9．You'd better leave the injured lady ________ she is before the ambulance comes.
10．It's reported that more than 1,000 students took part in the competition ________ all.
11．Now we can pick ________ weather information from a new type of weather
satellite.
12．J.K. Rowling's career really took ________ when Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone was published in June 1997 and achieved instant success.
13．Did it ever occur to you that you would end ________ in prison if you continued behaving like that?
14．When the firemen arrived they found that the fire had been put ________ by people on the spot.
15．He ________ (tell) the telephone number several times, but he couldn't learn it by heart.
答案与解析
1．had left
解析：by the time 意为“到了……时候”，主句常与完成时连用；再根据句中的hurried 和earlier，可知leave 已经发生，故用过去完成时。

句意：当记者们匆匆地赶到旅馆时，那位著名的篮球队员早就离开了。

2．homeless
解析：homeless 无家可归的。

3．natural
解析：形容词作定语。

4．to
解析：句意：你在伦敦时，难道没想到去拜访一下杰克？it occurs to sb. to do sth. “某人突然想到……”。

5．struck
解析：句意：一次大的地震袭击了海地南部地区，摧毁了建筑物和电力设施。

strike 的过去式为 struck。

6．that
解析：that 引导同位语从句，进一步补充说明possibility 的具体内容。

句意：有可能在下年一月份实施这项新的教育项目吗？
7．Luckily
解析：句意：在这次交通事故中，有几名乘客受伤，一名被送到医院。

幸运的是，无人死亡。

luckily 幸运地。

8．have taken
解析：in the last twenty years 与现在完成时连用。

9．where
解析：动词leave 之后缺状语，用where 引导的地点状语从句修饰。

句意：在救护车
来之前你最好让那位受伤的女士待在她原来的地方。

10．in
解析：句意：据报道一共有一千多个学生参加了这次竞赛。

in all 总共。

11．up
解析：句意：现在我们可以从一种新型的气象卫星那里获得气象信息了。

pick up “获得，得到；拾起；去接某人”。

12．off
解析：句意：在《哈利·波特与魔法石》于1997年6月出版，立即获得了成功后，J.K. 罗琳的事业腾飞起来。

take off 脱下，起飞，事业腾飞。

13．up
解析：句意：你有没有考虑过如果你继续这样做你会进监狱的？end up 以……结束。

14．out
解析：句意：当消防人员到达时，他们发现火已被在场的人扑灭了。

put out 扑灭。

15．had been told
解析：分析句子可知，he和tell 构成逻辑上的被动关系，可用被动形式，再根据句中的couldn't，可知tell 动作发生在其之前，故用过去完成时的被动语态。

Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Rescuers have found the bodies of over 130 people killed in two ferry disasters in Bangladesh. The accidents happened during a storm that hit the country on April 21st. Hundreds more are missing or feared to be dead.
The two ferries sank in different rivers near Dhaka as strong winds and rain hit the South Asian country. The government has since banned all ferries and other boats from traveling at night during the April—May stormy season. One of the ferries, MV Mitali, was carrying far more people than it was supposed to. About 400 passengers fitted into a space made for just 300，police said. The second ferry carried about 100 passengers.
“The number of deaths is certain to rise，” said an official in charge of the rescue work. “No one really knows how many people were on board the ferry or h ow many of them survived.” Ferries in Bangladesh don't always keep passenger lists, making it difficult to determine the exact number of people on board. Besides the ferry accidents, at least 40 people were killed and 400 injured by lightning strikes, falling houses and trees and the sinking of small boats. Storms are common this time of year in Bangladesh, as are boating accidents.
Ferry disasters take away hundreds of lives every year in a nation of 130 million people. Officials blame these river accidents on a lack of safety measures, too many passengers in boats and not enough checks on weather conditions. Ferries are a common means of transport in Bangladesh. It is a country covered by about 230 rivers. Some 20,000 ferries use the nation's Waterways every year. And many of them are dangerously overcrowded. Since 1977, more than 3,000 people have died in some 260 boating accidents.
1．The two ferry disasters occurred ________.
A．at noon B．in the morning
C．at night D．in the afternoon
2．How many passengers was MV Mitali designed to carry?
A．500. B．100.
C．400. D．300.
3．Officials think that boating accident was because of ______.
A．strong winds
B．bad weather conditions
C．the blockages of waterways
D．the lack of safety measures
4．Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about the two ferry disasters?
A．They happened during a storm.
B．They sank on April 21.
C．The exact number of deaths could be easily determined.
D．They sank somewhere near Dhaka.
答案与解析
1．C 推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“The government has since banned all ferries and other boats from traveling at night during the April—May stormy season.”可知事故发生在晚上。

2．D 细节理解题。

根据第二段倒数第二句中的“About 400 passengers fitted into a space made for just 300...”可知MV Mitali设计载客量是300人。

3．D 细节理解题。

根据第四段中的“Officials blame these river acc idents on a lack of safety measures, too many passengers in boats and not enough checks on weather conditions.”可知事故原因有缺乏安全措施、太多的乘客以及没有认真核实天气状况等，由此知答案为D项。

4．C 推理判断题。

根据第三段提到“死亡的数目一直在上升，没有人知道到底有多少
人在船上等”，可知死亡数据还没有确定。

B
There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise.Some people believe that they can't help putting on weight as they get older, while others hold that if they stop exercising, their muscles will turn into fat. Here are some more myths：
I'll never lose weight—I come from a fat family
Wrong! While we can't change the body type we are born with, we can't blame our genes for making us fat. There's plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families, and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.
I am fat because I burn calories slowly
Wrong! Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism(新陈代谢). In fact, although fat people consume more energy than slim people, they also fail to realize how much they eat! Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately.
Exercise is boring
Wrong! Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively. The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that's fun as well as progressive. If you enjoy a Sunday walk, take a different route. If you do yoga, try a t'ai chi class. If you like swimming, set yourself a distance or time challenge.
No pain, no gain
Wrong! Exercise is not meant to hurt. Indeed, pain is your body telling you something's wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury. You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly, but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly. If they don't, rest and seek medical advice.
5．What does the author think about being fat?
A．It is the family genes that make people fat.
B．People are fat because they consume too little energy.
C．A diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat.
D．It is the consequence of people's unbalanced lifestyle.
6．According to the author, how can we make exercise more interesting?
A．By taking varied exercise.
B．By choosing simple exercise.
C．By doing regular exercise.
D．By sticking to outdoor exercise.
7．What is the author's opinion about “No pain, no gain” in exercising?
A．Keeping fit is essentially a painful experience.
B．Exercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt.
C．Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal.
D．Getting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body.
8．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To declare the importance of keeping fit.
B．To clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise.
C．To confirm what has long been believed about keeping fit.
D．To explain some medical facts about being fat and doing exercise.
答案与解析
对于肥胖和做运动人们有很多错误的认识，本文列举了四个错误的认识并且点明了正确的做法。

5．D 细节理解题。

根据I'll never lose weight—I come from a fat family中的最后一句可知答案。

发胖的主要原因是吃得太多又运动得太少，这都是不平衡的生活方式。

6．A 细节理解题。

根据Exercise is boring这个小标题下面的第二、三句话可知答案。

避免运动的单调可以通过进行多种形式的运动来解决。

7．B 细节理解题。

根据No pain, no gain这个小标题下面的第三句话可知，锻炼时如果身体疼痛则表明出了问题，继续锻炼会对身体造成严重伤害，因此应该停止锻炼了。

8．B 主旨大意题。

文章第一段就点明了本文的主题，其中的 false ideas 和 myths 与B项中的 misconceptions 一致。

Ⅳ.语法填空
The choices people make can cause cancer. Not everyone who __1__(use) tobacco products will get cancer, but the chance of getting certain __2__ (type) of cancer increases with tobacco use. The recent research __3__ (show) us that the constant misuse or overuse of alcohol may cause cancer of the mouth and throat as well recently.
Sometimes cancer can be caused by radiation __4__ (find) in sunlight and X­rays, in addition __5__ other places. This doesn't mean you should stop getting X­rays or stay indoors, but limiting your __6__ (expose) to radiation can reduce the chances of developing cancer. The X­rays you get at __7__ doctor's or dentist's office are
not __8__ (typical) enough to cause cancer.
And sometimes, the reason __9__ someone gets cancer is simply an unfortunate mystery. Some cells in the body may start to increase and change. Doctors and researchers can see it happening, __10__ they cannot provide a description of why it started.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
答案与解析
1．uses 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。

句意为：不是每个抽烟的人都会得癌症，但是抽烟会使患上某些种类的癌症的概率增加。

该句为定语从句，先行词为everyone，且阐述的是一般事实，故用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。

2．types 考查名词单复数。

句意见上一题解析。

type为可数名词，且根据语境，某些种类的癌症不止一种，故用复数。

3．has shown 考查动词的时态。

句意为：最近的研究表明，长期酗酒也可能会导致口腔癌和喉癌。

根据句中的recently可知应用现在完成时，故填has shown。

4．found 考查非谓语动词。

句意为：除了其他地方的辐射，阳光和X射线里的辐射有时也有可能导致癌症。

设空处为非谓语动词，find和radiation之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。

故填found。

5．to 考查固定搭配。

句意见上一题解析。

in addition to意为“除……以外”，为固定短语。

6．exposure 考查词性转换。

根据空前your可知应用expose的名词形式。

7．the 考查冠词。

句意为：在医生或牙医的诊所里所接触到的X射线通常不足以致癌。

the doctor's为固定结构，意为“诊所”。

8．typically 考查词性转换。

句意见上一题解析。

设空处修饰形容词enough，应用副词。

故填typically。

9．why 考查定语从句。

句意为：有时候，一些人患癌症的原因根本就是一个不幸的谜。

分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词the reason在从句中作原因状语，故用why引导。

10．but 考查连词。

前半句can see和后半句cannot provide存在转折关系，故用but连接。

Ⅴ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter沉溺于网络游戏不能自拔，甚至不听父母劝阻想要离家出走。

请根据以下要点提示，写信劝他放弃这个想法。

1．网瘾的危害；
2．要尊重父母并道歉；
3．建议他管理好自己的时间。

注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___
范文
Dear Peter，
I'm very sorry to hear that you have decided to leave home because of your conflict with your parents.
I think it's unwise to make such a decision. Addicted to playing online games, you are not only wasting your valuable time but also hurting the feelings of your parents. Your parents love you so much that they are trying every effort to make your life better. Therefore, wouldn't it be reasonable for you to respect them, have a talk with them and apologize? Meanwhile, you should manage your time more wisely and find some meaningful ways to spend your free time.
I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua。