译林英语7BU5-8复习讲义

Unit 5 Amazing things
一、重点词组
一样大小be the same size
从出生开始from birth
睁着眼睛睡觉sleep with the eyes open
从未停止生长never stop growing
比...大三倍be three times larger than...
一些关于...的有趣事实some fun facts about 一些奇怪的事something strange
在星期天早上on Sunday morning
和往常一样as usual
听到从灌木丛中传出的一阵低语hear a whisper from the bushes
转身turn around
在某人回家的路上on one’s way home / on the way home
自言自语say to oneself
暗自寻思，心里想think to oneself
听起来像低语sound like a whisper
捡起pick up
带...去某地take sth/sb to sp
带给某人某物take sb sth=take sth to sb
听说hear of
了解到learn about
在报纸上读到read about
不久前的某一天,那天，前几天the other day 前天the day before yesterday
一个...另一个...（两者）one...the other...
喜欢做某事love /like doing sth
停下来吃饭stop for meals
害怕be afraid of （doing) sth
不再，再也不not ...any more
请求，要求ask for
二、重点句型e on,Eddie.It’s just a plane.I saw one yesterday.
come on 语气词，表示知道某人所说的话不正确，意为“得了吧，算了吧”；还可以用于催促别人，意为“快点儿，加油”。

2.Fish sleep with the eyes open.
with + 名词+ 形容词/介词短语做状语3.On their way home,they met Amy.
这里home是副词，前面不需要介词to，如果后接名词，前面需加介词to。

如on the way to school
4.He searched the bushes.搜寻，搜查search somewhere for sb/sth
5.There are no bones in the back of elephants’feet.
6.Isn’t that amazing?否定疑问句，表示说话者惊异的情绪、责难的口吻或赞叹，也可表示说话者的某种建议、邀请、请求和看法。

7.Nobody replied.没有人
8. He can write with one hand and draw with the other at the same time.
9. In 1987,about 29 TVs per 100 families,but now most families have at least one TV.
per 每，每一，表示比率，指每一单位的数量、时间、价格等。

10yuan per kilo 10元每公斤
三、语法
一般过去时，用来谈论在过去发生的动作或存在的状态。

常带有明显的表示过去的时间状语，如just now 、yesterday、yesterday morning/ afternoon / evening、last night/week/month/year 、一段时时间+ago、in + 过去的年份等。

1. 动词过去式的变化规则：
1)一般情况，谓语动词后直接+ ed：
ask - asked
2)以不发音的e结尾的动词 + d：
arrive- arrived
3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为ied: study-studied
4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写最后一个辅音字母+ ed：stop- stopped 2.动词过去式的不规则变化：1)保持不变：set-set cut-cut
2)元音有变化：come - came draw-drew
3)辅音有变化：lend-lent build - built
4)元音辅音均有变化：catch- caught buy-bought
5)其他：am/is -was are-were
Unit 6 Outdoor fun
一、重点词组
快点，赶快hurry up
抱怨太多complain too much
逃脱，离开get away
通过go through
从那时起from then on
太...而不能too...to
去骑自行车go riding
去野营go camping
在晴朗的天on sunny day
坐在河边sit by a river
听见一个声音hear a sound
查找，查看look up
看见一个穿外套的白兔子经过see a white rabbit in a coat passing by
看见某人正做某事see sb. doing sth
从口袋里拿出一只表take a watch out of the pocket 多么令人吃惊啊！How amazing！
追赶run after
跳下一个大洞jump down a big hole
让兔子逃走let the rabbit get away
让某人做某事let sb. do
发现自己独自...find oneself alone
把钥匙插进门里put the key into the door 野餐have a picnic
万事俱备everything is ready
唱起来甜taste sweet
感到有点不舒服feel a little ill
变得越来越小become smaller and smaller 足够小，可以穿过门be small enough to through the door
决定做某事decide to do sth
朝门走去walk towards the door
忘记了钥匙的事forget about the key
不得不做某事have to do sth
太小了以至于够不着钥匙too small to reach the key
二、重点句型
1.What outdoor activity would you like to try?你想要尝试什么户外活动？
2.What do you like about camping?你喜欢野营哪些方面呢？
3.Alice saw a small key on the table,but it did not fit any of the doors. Alice看见桌上有个小钥匙，但是它不是任何一扇门的。

fit适合，匹配
4.You complain too much.This bag isn’t that heavy. 这里that作副词，相当于so,意为“那么，那样”。

5.Down the rabbit hole.
down作介词，“向下，往下”。

walk down the street = walk along the street 这里down作介词表示“沿着，顺着”。

6.She found herself alone in a long ,low hall. find oneself....发觉自己（处于某种意外的状态）
alone相当于on one’s won/ by oneself
7.She tried to climb up,but failed. fail to do sth做某事失败三、语法
1. 一般疑问句的否定句式：
a. 行为动词一般过去时的否定形式是在行为动词前加did not = didn’t,其后的动词用原形。

eg. He went there yesterday.- He didn’t go there yesterday.
b. be动词构成的一般过去时的否定形式是was/were + not
eg. I was there an hour ago. - I wasn’t there an hour ago.
2.一般疑问句的疑问句式：
a. 行为动词一般过去时的疑问句式，在句首添加助动词Did,其后的动词用原形，回答为Yes, 主语+ did./ No, 主语+ didn’t. eg. I went to the party last night.- Did you go to the party last night? Yes,I did. /No,I didn’t.
b. be动词构成的一般过去时的疑问句式，将be动词提前至句首，回答用Yes, 主语+ was/were. /No, 主语+wasn’t /weren’t.
eg.I was happy yesterday. - Were you happy yesterday? Yes, I was./No, I wasn’t..
Unit 7 Abilities
一、重点词组
信不信由你believe it or not
为...付款pay for
从...中救出...save...from...
扑灭put out
（生病）住院in hospital
在医院（看望某人或工作）in the/a hospital 顺便问一下，顺便说by the way
没问题no problem
尽某人最大的努力do / try one’s best ...做得好do well in
在...岁时at the age of
参加（活动）take part in
join多指参加某种组织、团体等，也可以参加活动
迷路lose one’s way
收到...的来信、电话hear from sb.
您忠实的（用于书信结尾签名之前）yours faithfully
听到某人正在... hear sb doing
79岁的孙女士the 79-year-old Mrs Sun
一棵10米高的树a ten-metre-tall tree
当心，小心look out
在公车上给人让个座give a seat to someone on the bus
贫困地区的孩子们the children in poor areas 为...筹集款项raise money for
独自在家be at home alone
跑到外面run outside
看到隔壁飘出很多烟see a lot of smoke from next door
把水倒到他自己的衣服上来保护自己pour water over his clothes to protect himself
冲进rush into...
帮助某人摆脱困境help sb out
没有时间做某事do not have time to do sth
小心某物be careful with sth
在报纸上读到某事read about sth in the newspaper
失火（状态）be on fire
着火（动作）catch fire
使...远离火keep sth away from fire
拉小提琴/弹吉他paly the violin/piano
为俱乐部做大部分的电脑工作do most of the computer work for the club
计划好每件事plan everything well
为有需要的孩子收集书collect books for children in need
二、重点句型
1.Some families are not even able to pay for pens and notebooks.
be able to 能够，相当于can，但可以用于更多时态中
2.Don’t put anything hot into the rubbish bin. hot作定语修饰anything
3.I would like to recommend Daniel for this year’s Young Star Award.
我想推荐...获今年的“新星奖”。

4.They need clothes and shoes most. 最需要...
5.感叹句：What a brave young man!
What nice music!
How brave you are!
How clever!
6.He was brave enough to save his neighbour from a fire.
他足够勇敢，从火灾中救出邻居。

7. Were you afraid at that moment?
你那时害怕吗？（过去的某个时间点）8. Is he getting better now?
他现在好点儿吗？
9. Can you show me how to play it?
你能告诉我怎么弹（钢琴）吗？
10. I started to play the piano when I was five. = I started to play the piano at the age of five. 11.The main body of the letter includes different points in this order.
推荐信的结构：介绍- 主体部分（main body) - 结论
in this order 按照这个顺序
三、语法
1.情态动词can/could/may
我们用情态动词can（现在的）/could（过去的）来表示能力，
也可以用be able to 来表示能力，be动词的形式根据句子所用时态变化。

could表示一种委婉语气，比can更有礼貌。

may较正式。

Can I use your pen?
Could we picnic here?
May I see the letter?
2.What/How感叹句
常用感叹句表达高兴、愤怒、伤心等情感。

通常由What/How引导。

a. What + (不定冠词）+ 形容词+ 名词+缩略的陈述句（陈述句主语为代词），eg: What a nice boy he is!
What nice boys they are!
What an exciting film it is!
What exciting films they are!
What nice weather it is!
注意：当名词为复数或不可数名词时，不能加不定冠词。

在口语中通常省略后面缩略的陈述句，即What a nice boy he is!可以直接表达为What a nice boy!
b. How + 形容词+ 缩略的陈述句（陈述句中主语可以是名词或代词），eg:
How funny he looks!
How exciting the film is!
注意：在口语中通常省略后面缩略的陈述句，即How exciting the film is !可以直接表达为How exciting!
Unit 8 Pets
一、重点词组
照顾look after / take care of
一直，总是all the time
长大，长成大人grow up
带些东西给我吃bring me something to eat 教他说话teach him to speak
喜欢看它们游来游去like watching them swim around
喜欢睡在我膝盖上love to sleep on my knees
喜欢做某事（持续的习惯、爱好）like/love doing
喜欢做、想做（一次性的）like/love to do 追着一个球run after a ball
用木棍给我搭帐篷build me camps out of sticks
遛猫/狗walk the cat/dog
重大约两千克weigh about 2 kilograms 给...喂食feed...
一天一次once a day
制造一些噪音make some noise
二、重点句型
1.That’s it!非正式用语，常用语口语中，意为“就是这样，正是如此；行了，够了；就这样定了”。

2.My dog is the cleverest animal of all. 我的狗是最聪明的动物。

3.With eyes open wide,He hunts when I hide.
open wide睁得很大，副词wide修饰形容词open,此处为了押韵放在形容词后面，意思是“充分的”。

4.My dog is my best friend ,and I will look after him till the end. till是介词，“直到...为止”，其前面的动词是持续性动词。

5.We don’t have to feed her much.She doesn’t need a gentle touch. 我们不用喂她吃很多，她也不需要温柔的抚摸。

6.Put your goldfish in the sun. 在阳光下under the sun天下，全世界
7.She never worries because we take good care of her. 照顾得很好
8.How rude you are!
9.How do you look after it?你怎样照顾它？
10.What does it like/dislike?它喜欢什么、不喜欢什么？
11.What is special about your pet? 你的宠物有什么特别之处吗？
12.What kind of places does it live in?它住在什么样的地方？
三、语法
1.形容词：描述人或物
a.形容词可以放在名词前作定语。

eg. long hair short legs big eyes
b.也可以放在系动词后做表语。

eg. He is very happy today. The cat is lazy. 除be动词外，系动词还有become/feel / get / look / seem / smell /sound / taste / turn等，这些词后面常跟形容词作表语。

eg. She felt a little ill. Leaves turn brown in autumn.
2.不定代词：指代某个不特定的人或物。

some常用于肯定句中，和希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中。

somebody/ someone 某人
something 某物
eg. I saw something/someone/somebody in the house.
any 常用于否定句和疑问句
anybody/anyone 某人anything 某物
eg. Did you see anyone/anything/anybody in the house?
不定代词no-有否定含义，no one表示没有人，nobody = not anyone,nothing = not anything
eg. There’s nobody/no one / nothing in the house.
不定代词every- 可以用于各种句式中，everybody/everyone每个人，人人，everything 每件事，一切。

注意：不定代词everybody / everyone / everything一般都视作单数，谓语动词用单数。