2020版高考英语一轮复习Book3Unit7TheSea教案(含解析)北师大版

Unit 7 The Sea
基础知识默写(学生用书265～268页)
[默写(一)]
1.arrange vt.安排，准备→arrangement n.布置；整理；准备
2.sign n.手势；符号
3.spirit n.精神
4.persuade vt.说服，劝服→persuasion n.说服，劝服
5.unknown adj.不知道的，未知的
6.deed n.行为，行动
7.lecture n.讲授，演讲
8.apologise/apologize vi.道歉→apology n.道歉
9.participate vi.参加→participation n.参加→participant n.参加者
10.evaluate vt.评估，评价→evaluation n.评价，评估
11.actor n.演员→actress n.女演员
12.collection n.收集，收取→collect vt.收集，收取
13.frightening adj.令人惊恐的，骇人的→frighten vt.(使)惊恐→frightened adj.害怕的；受惊的
14.explorer n.探险家→explore vt.探险，探索
15.eventually adv.最终，终于→eventual adj.最后的，结果的
16.industrial adj.工业的→industry n.工业
17.agricultural adj.农业的→agriculture n.农业
18.chemical n.化学物
19.ban vt.禁止
20.altogether adv.完全
21.handle vt.对付
22.participate in参加
23.fill out填写
24.set sail启航
25.according to根据，依照
26.get into trouble陷入麻烦，陷入困境
27.make it to到达
28.in search of寻找，寻求
29.They achieved this long before Columbus ever set sail.
早在哥伦布启航以前他们就完成了这些。

30.Some fish can produce sounds almost twice as loud as your speaking voice!
有些鱼发出的声音几乎是你讲话声音的两倍大！
[默写(二)]
1.pollute vt.使污染→pollution n.污染
2.present vt.演示；讲演→presentation n.演示；展示
3.discovery n.发现→discover vt.发现
cate vt.教育→education n.教育→educator n.教育家；教师→educated adj.受过教育的
5.attract vt.吸引→attractive adj.吸引人的；引人注目的→attraction n.吸引；吸引人的事物
6.measure vi.&vt.(长度、数量)为；测量n.措施，方法→measurement n.尺寸；测量
7.local adj.当地的，地方性的
8.disagree vi.不同意，意见不合→disagreement n.不一致；争论；意见不同
9.department n.部，系，局，部门
10.intelligence n.智力，理解力→intelligent adj.有灵性的；聪明的
11.energetic adj.有活力的→energy n.活力，精力
12.discount n.折扣，减价
13.length n.长度，长
14.terrify vt.令人感到恐惧→terror n.恐怖，恐惧→terrifying adj.使人感到恐惧的→terrified adj.感到恐惧的
15.escape vi.逃脱，逃跑
16.survive vi.幸存，生存下来→survival n.幸存；存活→survivor n.幸存者，生还者
17.recover vi.恢复正常；康复→recovery n.康复；恢复
18.scream vi.(因恐惧、疼痛、兴奋等)尖声大叫
19.recognise vt.辨认出→recognition n.认出；承认
20.opposite n.对立的人(物)；反义词
21.debate n.辩论，争论
22.make a living谋生
23.watch out密切注意；当心，留神
24.make sense有道理，有意义，讲得通
25.all at once突然，忽然
26.pick up取；接载
27.in addition to除了……之外
28.rather than而不是
29.You certainly won’t find a noisier fish.
你肯定再也找不到一条更吵的鱼了。

30.One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands，our boat full of fish.
一天，我和我的两个兄弟从海岛上打鱼归来，船上载满了鱼。

基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.They hope paper bags will be banned(禁止) someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.(2018·浙江)
2.With a new farm bill to be debated(辩论) in Congress，consumers must take a stand with young farmers.(2018·江苏)
3.It found many youngsters now measure(评估) their status by how much public approval they get online，often through “likes”. (2018·江苏)
4.Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival(survive) badge as they learn about water- and land-survival through designed tasks.(2018·北京)
5.Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week，discover(discovery) new personal qualities，and learn new skills.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
6.This attractive(attract) tour takes you to some of San Francisco’s most cheerful holiday scenes.
(2017·全国Ⅲ) 7.It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence(intelligent).
(2018·全国Ⅱ) 8.At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving，but eventually(eventual) he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.(2018·天津)
9.This switch has decreased pollution(pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and m ade drinking water safer for people.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
10.Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are getting international recognition(recognise).(2018·全国Ⅲ)
11.Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration(explore) in the heart of Washington，D.C.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
12.In addition，the more you work out，the more energetic(energy) you will become.
13.The extensive collection(collect) consists of masterworks in sculpture，colored glass，and precious objects from Europe dating from about the 9th to the 15th century.(2018·江苏)
14.After his terrifying(terrify) adventure，Mac felt relieved when he reached home safe to his loving family.(2017·浙江)
15.Their participation(participate) played a key role for our success.
Ⅱ.选词成篇
Lake Tai 1. was covered with algae(藻) years ago，which seriously polluted the lake.The local people’s life 2.got into trouble because many of them 3. made a living by fishing.4.In addition to this，Lake Tai attracted a large number of people to visit it every year.Now the government has been 5.in search of ways to clean it.A lot of people have 6.filled out their names and 7.participated in the movement.The environment of Lake Tai has begun to 8.pick up.
错误!
My friend Dennis is an explorer，and he has a lot of experiences.He thinks that practice 9.rather than theory 10.makes sense.Adventure on the sea is extremely dangerous，but he still can persuade some people to join in his adventure on the sea.11.According to his arrangement，they 12.set sail last year 13.in the direction of west in search of whales.On the way，he warned his fellows to 14.watch out for sharks in case they got into trouble.Unfortunately，when they were having supper，a terrifying shark took them by surprise.They fought against it using harpoons(鱼叉) in their hands.With their joint efforts，they survived finally.After a month’s travel on the sea，they 15.made it to their destination and found the whales. Ⅲ.完成句子
1.I had a problem long before I knew the thing/matter.(long before引导时间状语从句)
早在我知道此事之前，我就有一个问题。

2.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year，but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.(比较级)
美国人每人每年只吃大约15磅的鱼，但我们在餐馆吃的鱼是在家吃的两倍多。

3.In my opinion，there is no more beautiful place than the Great Wall in the world.(否
定词＋比较级表示最高级)
在我看来，世界上没有比长城更美的地方了。

4.The actress arrived at the airport，a large bag on her shoulder.(独立主格结构) 这个女演员肩上背着一个大包，来到了机场。

5.The children were playing football on the playground when it began to rain.(be doing...when...)
孩子们正在操场上踢足球，这时下起了雨。

1.“喊叫”大全
(1)cry哭喊
(2)shout大声喊
(3)scream尖叫
(4)yell大喊
(5)call大声呼叫
2.“购物”词汇小聚
(1)discount n.&v.打折
(2)promotion n.促销
(3)purchase n.&v.购买
(4)retail n.零售
(5)on sale廉价出售
3.“聪明的”词汇知多少
(1)brilliant adj.卓越的
(2)clever adj.聪明的
(3)gifted/talented adj.有天赋的
(4)intelligent adj.聪明的
(5)smart adj.机敏的
4.debate近义词全扫描
(1)argue v.争论，争辩
(2)discuss v.讨论，谈论
(3)negotiate v.洽谈，协商
(4)speak about/of谈论
(5)talk over(反复)讨论
participate vi.参加；参与
(1)Encouraged by the teacher，the participants actively participated in the English speech contest.Their participation inspired the rest of the class to study hard.(participate)
(2)Both teams train for two hours a day and participate in(参加) competitions regularly.
(2018·全国Ⅲ)
arrange v.安排；筹备；整理；排列；布置
(1)It was arranged that they (should) leave(leave) the following spring.
(2)If you are interested，please sign up at the office before 5：00 pm next Thursday so that we will make necessary arrangements(做些必要的安排).
(3)Now everything for the conference to be held tomorrow has been arranged(已准备就绪).I have arranged for Tom to pick up(安排Tom开车去接) the experts at the airport.Then I’m to arrange to meet(安排接见) Mr Wang.In a word，all the arrangements we made(我们做出的安排) are completed.
易错点拨表示“安排某人做某事”不能说arrange sb. to do sth. ，而说arrange for sb. to do sth. ，且arrange后跟that从句时，从句多用虚拟语气，即谓语动词一般用“(should
＋)动词原形”。

[写出下列句子中sign的汉语意思]
(1)The sign says “No Parking”.指示牌
(2)Very often dark clouds are a sign of rain.迹象，征兆
(3)All the guests must sign in on arrival.签名
[完成句子]
(4)The guard signed to/for me to stop for a moment.
门卫示意我停一下。

(5)There is no sign that the economy is on the upturn.
没有任何迹象表明经济会好转。

frightening adj.令人恐惧的，可怕的
(1)Seeing this，I was surprised.Meanwhile，my horse got frightened(frighten)，jumped up，and ran around wildly.(2018·浙江)
(2)He frightened the old lady into signing the paper.
(3)To see policemen with guns in the airport for the first time was frightening(frighten).
(4)[一句多译] 一想到即将到来的考试，我心里就发毛。

①The thought of my coming exam frightened me.
②What frightened me was the thought of my coming exam.
③I was frightened at the thought of my coming exam.
persuade vt.说服；劝说；使信服；使相信
(1)It was hard to persuade him to give up/into giving up/out of smoking.
说服他戒烟很难。

[同义句改写]
(2)He tried to persuade me to accept his idea，but in vain.
→He advisedmeto accept his idea，but in vain.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中persuade的汉语意思
(3)How can I persuade you that I am sincere？ A
A.使相信
B.说服
C.劝说
[联想发散] 表示“试图说服某人做某事(不一定说服)”的表达形式：try to persuade sb. to do sth. ；advise sb. to do sth. 。

apologise(apologize)vi.道歉；辩白
(1)As a daughter，and a mother，the more I go through parenting，the more I owe an apology to my parents because of their selfless love.(2018·山东聊城二模)
(2)He apologised/made an apology to her for(为……向她道歉) his rude behavior.
(3)我真诚地希望你能接受我的道歉，理解我的处境。

(2016·全国Ⅲ)
I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.
(1)After the accident，he was banned from driving.
(2)The government put a ban on the sale of that drug.
(3)It is a rule that students are banned from playing computer games(禁止玩电脑游戏) in our school.
(4)[一句多译] 他的父母禁止他开车。

①His parents banned him from driving.
②His parents banned his driving.
易错点拨
要表示禁止某人做某事，不能说ban sb. to do sth. ，而用ban sb. from doing sth. 或ban sb. ’s doing sth. 。

(1)We were present at the concert while Tom was absent from it.
我们参加了音乐会，但是汤姆缺席了。

(2)We’ll not talk about the matter for the present.
我们暂时不谈论这件事。

(3)He liked my old typewriter so much，thus I presented it to him/presented him with it.
他很羡慕我的旧打字机，因此我把它送给了他。

易错点拨
present作前置定语时，意为“目前的”；作后置定语时，意为“出席的，在场的”。

attract vt.吸引；引来
(1)The government is trying to attract industry to the area.
(2)TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive(attract) and accessible to children.(2017·北京)
(3)Most tourist attractions(attract) in China are littered，the worst of which is this lake.
(4)Her new clothes are attracting a lot of attention(引起了很大关注).
(1)They were selling everything at a discount.
他们销售的所有商品都打折。

(2)They give/offer students a 20 percent discount on rail travel.
他们向乘火车出行的学生提供八折优惠。

易错点拨
discount(折扣)的实际意思是从某物的价格中扣去的数目，而不是扣除某个数目后剩下的数目，即：discount＝amount of money taken off the cost of sth. ，所以将“我们对现金付款给予9折优惠”译成英语是：We give a 10% discount for cash.。

(1)The coat was made to your measure.
(2)You should take effective measures/steps/action(采取有效措施) to improve your working conditions.
(3)We finally bought a house，measuring(measure) 6×6 metres.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中measure的汉语意思
(4)The picture measures 10 by 14 inches. B
A.测量
B. (尺寸等)量度为……
C.措施
[写出下列句子中escape的汉语意思]
(1)I’m sorry，but your name escapes me.被遗忘；被忽略
(2)How will we know if there’s any gas escaping？流出；泄漏
(3)The cinema allowed people to escape from the depressing realities of their lives.逃避
(4)Three people died in the fire，but John escaped through the bedroom window.逃脱
[一句多译]
(5)你很幸运逃脱了惩罚。

①You are lucky to escape punishment.
②You are lucky to escape being punished.
易错点拨注意下面两个短语的区别：
escape from prison越狱；escape prison逃过牢狱之灾
(1)For a sudden heart failure，the single best chance for survival(survive) is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.(2017·北京)
对于突发性心力衰竭，存活的唯一的最好的机会是附近的人施以援手并快速地做心肺复苏。

(2)The old woman survived her daughter by ten years.
老妇人在她女儿死后又活了十年。

(3)The boy survived the attack yesterday.
昨晚，这个男孩在袭击中幸免于难。

(4)[单句改错] He survived in the crash and landed on a deserted island.
易错点拨survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因而不要在其宾语前加多余的in或from。

(1)At the hospital，he discovered he had four broken bones.While still recovering from his accident，he was dealt a second blow.(2019·山东德州模拟)
(2)It took Mom a few minutes to recover herself(her)，and then she was back in control again.
(3)Ann made a quick recovery(recover) from her operation.
recognise (recognize)vt.认识；辨认出；意识到；承认，认可；赏识，表彰；向……打招呼
(1)For example，she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognising(recognise) the efforts of young people to change the world.
(2)I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond recognition(recognise).
(3)[一句多译] 我们都认为屠呦呦是位伟大的科学家。

①We all recognise Tu Youyou as/to be a great scientist.
②It is recognised that Tu Youyou is a great scientist.
(1)Opposite is St.Paul’s Church，where you can hear some lovely music.
对面是圣保罗大教堂，在那里你可以听到一些美妙的音乐。

(2)There is a garden on the opposite (side) of the street.
在街道的对面有一个花园。

(3)The result was quite opposite to what we had expected.
结果和我们所期望的恰恰相反。

get into trouble陷入麻烦；陷入困境
(1)Such people always stick to their views，even if it means that they may get into trouble(陷入麻烦).
[同义句改写]
(2)I’m sorry to give you so much trouble.
→I’m sorry to put you to so much trouble.
(3)We had no trouble finding(find) his office.
→We found his office without (any) trouble.
make it to到达；赶上
(1)I just made it to the bathroom before throwing up.
我忍住呕吐，及时冲进了卫生间。

[写出下列句子中make it的汉语意思]
(2)—Excuse me！How can I get to the nearest post office?
—Walk along this road for a few minutes，and you will make it.到达
(3)—How can I wake up so early?
—Set the alarm for 5 o’clock，and you’ll make it.成功，搞定
(4)I’m sorry.I didn’t make it to your party last night.能够出席(或到场)
易错点拨
在make it短语中，it没有意义，只起着充当句子成分的作用，类似短语有：take it easy 别紧张；when it comes to当谈到……；catch it受责备；stick it out坚持到底，等等。

in search of寻找
(1)I’m a scientist who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.I was searching for these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
(2)The police searched her for(搜她的身寻找) drugs.
(3)[同义句改写] We are in search of an experienced and reliable producer of jewellery.
①We are makingasearchfor an experienced and reliable producer of jewellery.
②We are searchingfor an experienced and reliable producer of jewellery.
易错点拨in search of寻找，搜寻，在句中常作表语或目的状语，名词search前不加限定词；若search前加a/the/one’s等限定词时，of一般换成for。

pick up捡起；(偶然)学会；收听，接收；(用车)接；好转；感染；恢复健康/精神；加快[写出下列句子中pick up的汉语意思]
(1)Jack picked up his hat and went out.捡起，拿起
(2)It is necessary to use a shortwave radio to pick up the programmes.(在无线电中)收听，接收
(3)He’ll pick you up after he finishes his work.(用车)接
(4)She picked up Spanish when she was living in Mexico.(尤指偶然地)学会，掌握
(5)His old father is beginning to pick up now.恢复精神/健康
(6)Suddenly the train began to pick up speed.加快
句型：倍数＋as...as...
(1)The output of the company in 2018 was five times that of 2013.
2018年该公司的产量是2013年的五倍。

(2)Every year Mrs Green earns twice/double what her husband does.
每年格林夫人挣的钱是她丈夫挣的钱的两倍。

(3)[同义句改写] It’s known to us that the earth is 49 times as large as the moon.
①It’s known to us that the earth is 49 times larger than the moon.(形容词/副词比较级＋than...)
②It’s known to us that the earth is 49 times the size of the moon.(the＋n.＋of...)
You certainly won’t find a noisier fish.你肯定再也找不到一条更吵的鱼了。

句型：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级
[同义句改写]
(1)UEFA Euro 2016 is the best football event I have watched.
①I have never watched a better football event than UEFA Euro 2016.
②UEFA Euro 2016 is better than any other football event that I have ever watched. [句式升级]
(2)What an interesting novel！I have never read a more moving one.(用最高级改写) What an interesting novel！It is the most moving novel that I have ever read. (3)It was not until then that I realized I was the happiest in the world.(用比较级改写)
It was not until then that I realized nobody was happier than I was in the world.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.“I think maybe we owe you an apology(apologise)，”she said.
2.I don’t have any fu rther information about George at present.
3.After looking at the map，he found this street was four times the length(long) of that one.
4.Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle(handle) whatever is ahead of you for the day.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
5.Can I sign up for this course in advance?
6.He is a great man，from whom you can learn a lot.
7.For many who made it to Dawson，however，the rewards were worth the difficult trip.
(2018·全国Ⅲ)
8.The exact measurements(measure) of the room are 3 metres 20 by 2 metres 84.
9.I was watching TV when I heard a knock on the door.
10.The cover of a book presenting(present) a picture of a beagle caught my eye.
11.All our savings gone(go)，we started looking for jobs. 12.The policeman recognised her as a pickpocket. 13.If you fall into trouble ，please let me know.
14.Because of cheating ，Charlie has been banned from cycling for a year.
15.This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and surprising recovery(recover).
(2018·江苏)
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1.The man survived from the landslide after he was buried for more than 60 hours. 2.If buyers pay in advance ，they can make large wholesale purchases at ∧a discount.
3.Everyone in the class is expected to participate on in
the discussion. 4.I still remember the day when 或when that/which
we spent together in Hong Kong. 5.Our school which was built last year is three times as bigger big
as theirs. 6.Read this sentence and tell me if it makes a sense.
7.He is taller than any of the other boy boys
in his class. 8.The soldiers were searching for the forest for the missing boy the whole night.
9.It’s hard to make ∧a living by selling newspapers.
10.Weather permitted permitting
，we are going to visit you tomorrow. 11.All in at
once we heard a shot and the soldier fell to the ground. Ⅲ.教材与语法填空
The Vikings,1.whose ancestors came from Scandinavia ，were the first Europeans
2.to reach(reach) America.They controlled the seas and coasts of Northern Europe for a long time.In 982 AD ，a man
3.called(call) Eric the Red
4.was forced(force) to leave Iceland
5.because he had committed a murder and got into trouble ，and he decided to set sail further west.He reached Greenland and discovered that people could live in the place
6.where he landed.He returned and persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.When he set sail once again ，only 14 of 25 ships made it to ter ，a man called Biarni set sail from Iceland in search
7.of Eric’s party.Unfortunately ，he was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land ，from where he
8.eventually(eventual) reached Greenland.These stories were written
down centuries ter(late) in Norway and Iceland.They are the first records we have of Europeans 10.sailing(sail) to the Americas.
Ⅳ.教材与短文改错
When we were on the edge of the whirlpool ，I felt calm than when we were moved towards it.We went nearer and nearer to his edge and we were going round in circle at great speed.I saw clear that there were other objects in whirlpool.I noticed that the heavier objects go down more quickly than the lighter ones.Because I tied myself to a barrel to help me float.I tried to make my brother to understand ，but he didn’t.Without wait，I dived into the sea to try and escape.
答案
When we were on the edge of the whirlpool ，I felt calm calmer than when we were moved moving
towards it.We went nearer and nearer to his its edge and we were going round in circle circles
at great speed.I saw clear clearly
that there were other objects in ∧the whirlpool.I noticed that the heavier objects go went down more quickly than the lighter ones.Because So
I tied myself to a barrel to help me float.I tried to make my brother tounderstand ，
but he didn’t.Without wait waiting
，I dived into the sea to try and escape. Ⅴ.教材与微写作
写作素材(关于探险)
1.布朗先生是一个探险家，他精力充沛。

(定语从句)
2.去年他决定启航去旧金山。

3.因为风太大，他左腿受伤，陷入了困境。

(原因状语从句)
4.他碰巧看见远处有一艘大船，最后他得救了。

5.三个月后他康复了，他又开始了新的探险。

(It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 句型)
连句成篇——根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文
Mr Brown,1.who is energetic ，is 2.an st year he decided to 3.set sail to San Francisco.4.Because the wind was too strong ，his left leg was injured and he
5.got into trouble.He happened to see a large ship in the distance and
6.eventually he was saved.
7.It took him three months to recover from his injury and then he began his new exploration again.
(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
话题：周围的环境难度星级：☆
(2018·安徽安庆二模)
Famous Modern Chinese Buildings
Beijing Capital International Airport
The first place most visitors see when they arrive in China is Beijing Capital International Airport.The airport was constructed in the 1950s.It has an indoor garden，a children’s playground，and over 70 food businesses in Terminal 3 alone.
Shanghai World Financial Center
Completed in 2008，SWFC took over 10 years to complete due to financial shortages and construction delays.Since its completion，it has won countless architectural awards.
Tourists are wel come at SWFC’s viewing platform，which at 474 meters above ground is the world’s highest closed viewing platform.
Water Cube，Beijing
Completed in 2008，it was constructed for use during the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics.Now visitors can express surprise at the architecture of the building.They can enjoy the indoor atmosphere as well.
Among the offerings of the Water Cube are a restaurant and bar，a shopping area，and Water World，a family water park.
The National Stadium (Bird’s Nest)，Beijing
It was designed mainly for the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics which was completed in 2008.It can hold up to over 80,000 people and has been used for a winter theme park.Nowadays，its main income is as a tourist attraction.It draws more than 20,000 tourists every day.
National Center for the Performing Arts
It was completed in 2007.The building is surrounded by a man-made lake，requiring guests to enter via an underground hallway.It is home to an opera house，a concert hall and a theater.
1.Which of the following buildings was first constructed?
A.Beijing Capital International Airport.
B.Shanghai World Financial Center.
C.Water Cube.
D.Bird’s Nest.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。

根据Beijing Capital International Airport标题下的第二句“The airport was constructed in the 1950s.”可知，北京首都国际机场的建成时间为20世纪50年代；其余四个建筑物的建筑时间都出现在每部分的第一句，均晚于北京首都国际机场的建成时间。

故选A项。

2.Why was the construction of Shanghai World Financial Center delayed?
A.It needed more construction workers.
B.It was short of adequate money.
C.It added an extra viewing platform.
D.It faced too much terrible weather.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。

根据Shanghai World Financial Center标题下第一句中的“SWFC took over 10 years to complete due to financial shortages and construction delays”可知，完工日期的拖延是由资金短缺和工程延误导致的。

故选B项。

3.How does the Bird’s Nest operate daily?
A.By renting the winter theme park.
B.By increasing its opening time.
C.By charging tourists for admission fees.
D.By giving some live concerts.
答案 C
解析细节理解题。

根据The National Stadium (Bird’s Nest)，Beijing标题下的第三句“Nowadays，its main income is as a tourist attraction.”可知，鸟巢现在作为旅游景点而运营，也就是向游客收取入场费。

故选C项。

4.What can you do in National Center for the Performing Arts?
A.Enjoy sports events.
B.Play musical instruments.
C.Attend science lectures.
D.Watch different performances.
答案 D
解析推理判断题。

根据National Center for the Performing Arts标题下的最后一句“It is home to an opera house，a concert hall and a theater.”可推知，在国家大剧院可以观看不同的表演。

故选D项。

话题：科普知识难度星级：☆☆
(2018·四川双流中学二模)
While your pet fish may appear to be unaware of your presence，chances are that it knows you extremely well and can probably even identify you from a crowd of human faces!
To test if this was accurate，some scientists decided to study archerfish(喷水鱼).These animals don’t have a sophisticated(复杂的) brain that is necessary to recognize the slight differences between human facial features.
They began by presenting four archerfish with images of two human faces.Initially，the fish spit at both.However，they soon learned spitting water at the one selected by the researchers earned them a food treat.After that，they focused primarily on that image.The researchers then took the experiment one step further by introducing 44 other human faces to the mix.
To the researchers’ astonishment，the trained archerfish were able to recall the learned image almost 81% of the time.And this accuracy improved to 86% when the researchers made the identification even harder，by replacing the colored photos with a set of black and white images and hiding the shape of the head.
The results of the study suggest that though having tiny brains，archerfish may have developed high visual discrimination abilities.While it is contrary to the previous theory that a sophisticated brain is necessary to recognize human faces，the researchers believe they do not recognize faces by recalling complex facial information like gender and identity，but more likely by discriminating between detailed patterns.Even so，the fact that these archerfish could “remember” those faces demonstrates that they have an impressive memory for details that lasts much longer than the originally-thought 3 seconds!
This is not the first time researchers have realized how “smart” fish are.Previous studies have shown that fish can recognize those fish they have “socialized” with previously，and even recall complex three-dimensional maps of their surroundings.
语篇解读本文主要讲了研究表明喷水鱼可以分辨出人脸，这项发现令研究人员非常吃惊。

5.What is the purpose of the study?
A.To describe archerfish are easy to teach.
B.To tell people archerfish like to be rewarded.
C.To prove archerfish can recognize human faces.
D.To show archerfish can easily develop a habit.
答案 C
解析细节理解题。

由第一段内容和第二段第一句“To test if this was accurate，some scientists decided to study archerfish(喷水鱼).”可知，这项研究的目的是证明喷水鱼可以认出人脸，故选C。

6.Why did the researchers use black and white images?
A.They could get these images easily.
B.Archerfish got tired of color images.
C.They wanted to make the task more difficult.
D.These images wouldn’t get ruined by water.
答案 C
解析细节理解题。

由第四段第二句“And this accuracy improved to 86% when the researchers made the identification even harder，by replacing the colored photos with a set of black and white images and hiding the shape of the head.”可知，研究人员使用黑白图像是为了增加这项任务的难度，故选C。

7.What conclusion did researchers draw in the study?
A.Archerfish have a 3-second memory.
B.Archerfish could distinguish detailed patterns.
C.Archerfish have a special form of communication.
D.Archerfish could remember complex facial information.
答案 B
解析推理判断题。

由倒数第二段最后一句“Even so，the fact that these archerfish could ‘remember’ those faces demonstrates that they have an impressive memory for details that lasts much longer than the originally-thought 3 seconds！”可知，喷水鱼可以辨别精细的图案，故选B。

8.What can we infer from the text?
A.Fish are social animals.
B.Fish are as clever as humans.
C.Fish are able to tell different shapes.
D.The results shocked the researchers.
答案 D
解析细节理解题。

由第四段第一句“To the researchers’ astonishment，the trained archerfish were able to recall the learned image almost 81% of the time.”可知，研究结果令研究人员非常吃惊，故选D。

话题：社会难度星级：☆☆☆
(2018·安徽江淮十校联考)
For many foreigners who have visited or worked in China，one of their strong impressions is that the country is very safe.Here，you can go out alone late at night to eat at a food stand without feeling nervous.You can also let your younger children ride public transport all by themselves without worrying about their safety.
This year,2018，marks a special anniversary of the launching of the reform and opening up policy，which took place two score years ago in China.Over the past few decades，the country has achieved fast economic growth，while social peace and stability have been maintained(维护) to the fullest extent at the lowest cost.Of course，there are still unsolved problems.However，from the overall aspect，Chinese society remains harmonious and safe.In my eyes，this should be attributed(归于) largely to the cultural，economic and political environment of the country.
A society can be stable and orderly only when its people can lead a prosperous(繁荣的) life.After the introduction of the reform and opening up policy，China achieved fast economic growth and significant scientific and technological progress.In the meantime，the Chinese government has taken various measures such as those to fight corruption，reduce poverty and promote the rule of law，in order to uphold social equity.Thanks to these efforts，the potential factors that might cause social problems have been greatly reduced.
Apart from government departments including the police and judicial(司法的) departments，the general public also contributes much to social governance.The development of information technology has created new ways of linking the police and the public.By jointly fighting crimes in such ways，the public and the police have developed an ever-increasing level of mutual trust and positive interaction.
The safety and stability in China did not come easily.Rather，it should be attributed to the efforts made by 1.3 billion people.For both Chinese and foreigners living in the country，the sense of safety and security is very precious.。