英语：表语从句考点揭秘.doc

英语：表语从句考点揭秘
湖北省洪湖市第二高级中学
王爱民
考点之一、表语从句的定义
在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句。

表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。

表语从句一定要用陈述语序。

例如：
That's what he wants. 那是他想要的。

This is where they once lived. 这就是他们曾经住过的地方。

考点之二、可接表语从句的连系动词
可接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem, sound, appear等。

例如：
China is no longer what she used to be. 今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。

The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。

At that time，it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word. 当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。

考点之三、表语从句的连接词
1、从属连词that，whether，as，as if / though引导的表语从句。

连接词that仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。

这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。

连接词whether起连接作用，意为“是否、究竟、到底”，在句中也不作任何成分。

as if/though引导的表语从句，常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。

例如：He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。

It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。

The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。

注意1：引导表语从句的that通常不省略，但在口语或非正式文体中有时也可省略。

例如：
My idea is (that) we should do it right away. 我的意见是我们应该马上干。

The trouble is (that) he is ill.
糟糕的是他病了。

注意2：whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。

例如：
My question is whether he left（or not）。

我的问题是他是否离开了。

2、由连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever引导。

连接代词除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当主语、宾语、表语、定语。

例如：
The question is who (m) we should trust. 问题是我们应当相信谁。

What I want to know is which road we should take. 我想知道的是我们应走哪条路。

He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的他了。

3、由连接副词where，when，how，why引导。

连接副词除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。

例如：
That’s where I first met her. 那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。

That’s why he didn’t come. 这就是他没有来的缘故。

That was when I was fifteen. 这是我15岁时发生的事。

4、because，why引导的表语从句。

例如：
That's why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。

That’s because you can’t appreciate music. 这是因为你不能欣赏音乐。

注意1：“That is why...”是常用句型，意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”，其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结。

例如：That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮，这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。

That is why I came. 这就是我来的原因。

下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构，它们与“That is why...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚。

(1)“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义，只不过从语法结构上讲，“That is the reason why...”中why引导的是—个定语从句，将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样。

例如：That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 这就是我不能同意的理由。

(2)“That is because...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语，这也是个常用句型，意为“这就是为什么……/因为……”。

“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果。

例如：
He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影，那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。

(第一句话说明结果，第二句话说明原因) He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.他以前曾看过那部电影，因此他昨天晚上没有去看。

(第一句话说明原因，第二句话说明结果)
注意2：because 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的since, as, for等也不用于引导表语从句。

考点之四、使用虚拟语气的表语从句
在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形” 表示，should 可省略。

常见的词有：advice，suggestion，order，proposal，plan，idea等。

例如：
His proposal was that they (should) challenge the other classes to a friendly competition. 他的提议是挑战别的班级进行一场友谊竞赛。

My suggestion is that we （should）start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。

例1：The last time we had great fun was ________ we were visiting the Water Park.(天津)
A. where
B. how
C. when
D. why
解析：C. 选C项表示时间。

例2：Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s ________ the best jobs are. (浙江)
A. where
B. what
C. when
D. why
解析：A. 先A项表示地点。

语法跟踪练习
湖北洪湖王爱民
表语从句考点揭秘配套练习
一、单项填空
1 The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.
A. when
B. why
C. whether
D. that
2 You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree.
A. why
B. where
C. what
D. how
3 — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
— Is that ____ you had a few days off?
A. why
B. when
C. what
D. where
4 ____ she couldn’t understand was ____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A. What; why
B. That; what
C. What; because
D. Why; that
5____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. What; because
B. What; that
C. That; what
D. That; because
6 —Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
—Oh, that’s ____.
A. what makes me feel excited
B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it
D. when I feel excited
7. See the flags on top of the building? That was ________ we did this morning.
A. when
B. which
C. where
D. what
8. —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—Is that_____ you had a few days off？
A. why B .what C. when D. where
9. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.
A. It’s the reason
B. That’s why
C. There’s why
D. It’s how
10. It was ___they were used as an advertisement for the shop.
A. because
B. which
C. what
D. if
二、选择所给的词填空
1. The question is _________ (that, as if, whether) it is worth visiting.
2. This is _________ (how, what) it happened.
3. This is ________ (where, when, why) the city lies.
4. He was ill .That is ________ (how, when, why) he didn’t come yesterday.
5. That was _______ (when, where, how) I was thirteen I entered the No.1 Middle School.
6. The problem is ____ (where, when, how) we can master modern science and technology in a short time.
7. --Doesn’t Mr. Smith live on this street?
--No .This is ____ (where, when, why) Mr. Brown lives.
8. The reason why he has been such a success is ____ (that, as if, whether) he never gives up.
9. Our village is no longer ____ (which, who, what) it was over twenty years ago.
10. It seems _______ (that, whether, as if) you are the first one here.
表语从句考点揭秘配套练习：
一、1-5 DBAAB 6-10 ADABA
二、1. whether 2. how 3. where 4. why 5. when 6. how 7. where 8. that 9. what 10. as if。