译林版高中英语必修第二册2-2学案

Section ⅡGrammar and usage & Integrated skills
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．____________ v t. 使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息
n. 最新消息
2．____________ n. 运动员
3．____________ n. 拳击运动
4．____________ n. 冠军，第一名
5．____________ n. 球场；法院，法庭；宫廷
6．____________ conj. 而且，此外
prep. 加；和
7．____________ adj. 附近的，邻近的
ad v. 在附近，不远
8．____________ n. 健身房，体育馆
9．____________ n. 处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ v t.宣布，宣告；通知→________n．通告，宣告，公告→________ n．播音员，节目主持人
2．________ v t.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新→________ n．[U]更换，替换[C]替换的人(物)
3．________ n．冠军，第一名→________ n．锦标赛；冠军地位
4．________ n．搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人→________ n．合作伙伴；伙伴关系．Ⅲ.重点短语
1．____________ 对……进行最后的润色或修饰
2．____________ 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复
3．____________ 用B替换A
4．____________ 更好的是
5．____________ 准备妥当；准备就绪
6．____________ 试用
7．____________ 略有不适，不得劲
8．____________ 闲逛；常去某处，泡在某处
9．____________ 担心……
10．____________ 报名参加……
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．更好的是，我们会每隔几个月更新一次健身课程，以便更多的热门课程能够涵盖其中。

Better still, we will update our fitness courses every few months ________________ more popular courses can be included.
2．我确信这会使体育中心更受欢迎。

I am sure it will make the sports centre __________________．
3．你知道，我很忙，很难有时间锻炼身体。

You know, ________________ exercise into my busy schedule.
►第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1 announce v t.宣布，宣告（决定、计划等）；（尤指通过广播）通知
(1)announce sth. to sb.＝announce to sb.sth. 向某人宣布某事
It's announced that... 据宣布……(It为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句)
(2)announcement n. [U]宣布；[C]通告，(一项)公告
make an announcement 发表公告
(3)announcer n. [C]播音员，广播员
❶The teacher announced to us the result of the experiment at the end of the class.在下课的时候，老师向我们宣布了实验结果。

❷We are pleased to announce that all five candidates are successful.
我们高兴地宣布，五位候选人全部当选了。

❸It has been officially announced that he will pay a second visit to China soon. 官方消息称，他不久将再次来中国访问。

特别提示
announce后不接双宾语，常用announce sth. to sb.或announce to sb. sth.结构，类似的动词还有explain，suggest，report等。

即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子
①In an official statement last year, she formally ________ (announce) her resignation (辞职).
②We were eager to hear the ________ (announce) of the winners of the race.
③It is wise to announce the news ________ the public.
④________________ (据宣告称) the groups had agreed to a ceasefire.
⑤I promise I'll ________________ (发表声明) when I find a new job.
2 update v t.使现代化；更新；向……提供最新信息n．最新消息，快讯
update my MicroBlog 更新我的微博
update sb.(on sth.) 向某人提供(某事物的)最新信息
❶We must update our packaging in order to attract more young customers.为了吸引更多的年轻消费者，我们必须更新产品的包装。

❷With one easy click you can update, scan and repair your computer.
只要轻松一击，你就可以更新、扫描和修复您的计算机。

❸We'll update you on the day's top news stories.
我们将为您提供当天的头条新闻。

❹The report provides a brief update on the progress of the project.
这份报告对项目的最新进展作了简要汇报。

名师点津
up -为常见前缀，表示“更高，向上，朝顶部”。

其构成的常见词有：upgrade 升级；uphill 朝上坡方向；upriver 向(或在)上游；upmarket 高档的。

即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Our Baggage Resolution staff will make every effort to call you once a day to keep you ________ (update) on our progress.
②It's important for the figures to ________ (update) regularly.
③据说到目前为止所有的数据都已经更新了。

It is said that all the data ________________________ up to now.
④请给我们介绍一下仍然困在洪水灾区的人们的最新情况。

Please ________________________ who are still stuck in the flood -hit areas.
3 in response to 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复
(1)response n . 回复；反应
⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧make a response 回答make no response 没有回答
(2)respond v i . 回答，回应；作出反应
respond to sb./sth. (with sth.) (用某事)来回答/回应某人/某事
❶The technology was developed in response to customer demand.
该技术是为满足客户需求而开发的。

❷How did they respond to the news ？他们对这个消息有什么反应？
❸Carl made no response, and carried on with his temporary work.
卡尔没有回答，继续他的临时工作。

❹He responded to my greetings with a smile.
他用微笑回应了我的问候。

❺She responded to my letter with a phone call.
她收到我的信后，给我回了个电话。

联想拓展
“in ＋n .＋to ”结构的短语还有：
in contrast to 与……形成对比
in regard to 关于，至于
in addition to 除……以外(还)
in reply to 答复……
即学即练 单句语法填空
①—How should we respond ________ the complaints from the customers of the hotel?
—We respond ________ a smile and promise that we will take measures immediately ________ response to the complaints.
②I suggested he work out a new plan but he didn't respond ________ it.
③Millions of people gave freely ________ response ________ the starving people's appeal.
4 replace v t.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新；把……放回原处
replace A (with/by B) (用B)接替/取代A
replacement n. [U]替换，更换；[C]替代品；(尤指工作中的)接替者
❶Tourism has replaced agriculture as the nation's main industry.
旅游业已经取代农业成了这个国家的主要产业。

❷The factory replaced most of its workers with robots.
这家工厂用机器人取代了大多数工人。

❸I carefully replaced the vase on the shelf.
我小心地把花瓶放回到架子上。

❹If the product doesn't work, you are given the choice of a replacement. 如果产品坏了，您可以选择更换。

联想拓展
表示，“代替”的其他表达法：
take one's place
take the place of
in one's place
in place of
instead of
即学即练单句语法填空
①The house which I grew up in has been taken down and replaced ________ an office building whose walls are yellow.
②A robot pet is an artificial animal, created to serve as the perfect ________ (replace) for a live pet.
5 “sth. needs to be done”表示“某事需要被做”
need在此为实义动词，意为“需要”。

to be done可用doing替换，doing虽为主动形式，但表示被动意义。

❶The computer has been broken for a long time, it needs to be repaired/repairing.
这台电脑已经坏了很长时间了，需要进行修理。

❷My spoken English is not bad, but my written English needs to be improved/improving.
我的英语口语还不错，但我的书面英语需要提高。

名师点津
如果表示主动意义，则动词need后面要接动词不定式的主动式。

You need to take a break now.你现在需要休息一会儿。

即学即练单句语法填空/单句写作
①You will surely need ________ (overcome) some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned.
②After the concert, Naomi told the family that Steve's music was beautiful and professional. It needed ________ (share) in public.
③这个房间该打扫了。

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6 afford v t.买得起，（有时间）做；承担得起（后果）
(1)afford to do sth. 承担得起做某事
afford sth. 买得起某物
afford...to do sth. 有足够的……去做某事
(2)afford sb. sth. 给某人提供某物
(3)affordable adj. 多数人支付得起的
❶There's no way we can afford to buy a house at the moment.
眼下我们无论如何也买不起房子。

❷None of them could afford ￡50 for a ticket.
他们中没有哪个能拿得出50英镑买一张票。

❸I can afford neither the time nor the money to go on a trip.
我没有足够的时间和金钱去旅行。

❹The tree affords some shelter from the sun.这棵树可以挡一挡太阳。

❺The programme affords young people the chance to gain work experience.这项计划给年轻人提供了获得工作经验的机会。

特别提示
afford作“买得起”讲时，常与can，could，be able to连用；常用于否定句或疑问句；afford后不接v.-ing形式。

即学即练单句语法填空/单句写作
①The hotel wanted to charge $70 for the room service, but we couldn't afford ________ (live) in such an expensive hotel.
②The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be ________ (afford) but doing this most days adds up.
③我们几年前买的冰箱坏了，但我们没钱换掉它。

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
7 position n．处境，地位，状况；位置；姿势；观点；职位，职务v t.安装安置，使处于
in one's position处于某人的境地
in a．..position (to do sth.) 处于(做某事)……的处境
out of/in position 不在/在适当的位置
❶I'm not sure what I would do if I were in your position.
我不知道如果我身在你的处境会怎么办。

❷He's going to be in a very difficult position if things go badly for him. 如果情况变糟的话，他的处境将非常困难。

❸All parking signs have now been placed in position.
所有停车标记都已安放就位。

❹What's your position on this problem？你对这个问题持什么态度？
❺The principal took the position that the students should have enough exercise.那位校长认为学生应该进行足够的锻炼。

❻Bruce is thinking of applying for the position.
布鲁斯正在考虑申请那个职位。

❼Large television screens were positioned at either end of the stadium.
体育场的两端安装了大型电视屏幕。

❽She quickly positioned herself behind the desk.
她迅速在桌子后面就位。

名师点津
position作先行词时，其后的定语从句多由where引导；和此相似的名词还有situation，point，case，stage等。

在in/out of position(在/不在适当的位置)短语中，position是不可数名词，前面不可用冠词。

即学即练写出下列句子中position的含义/单句语法填空
①Can you find our position on this map？____________
②He has a high position in the firm.____________
③He was lying in a very uncomfortable position.____________
④We are now in a good position ________ all is in our hands.
⑤All parking signs have been placed ________ position.
►第二版块|重点句型解构
1 （教材原句）Better still，we will update our fitness courses every few months so that more popular courses can be included.更好的是，我们将每隔几个月就更新一下健身课程以便更多流行的课程能够包括在内。

[句式分析]本句为复合句，so that引导目的状语从句。

(1)so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便”，不位于句首。

从句谓语常含有can/could/should/might/would等情态动词。

so that可与in order that互换，但in order that可位于句首。

❶Study hard so that you can/may pass the entrance examination.
＝Study hard in order that you can/may pass the entrance examination.
努力学习，以便你能通过入学考试。

❷In order that she would not misunderstand him，he wrote her a long letter to clarify the fact.
为了使她不对他产生误解，他给她写了一封长信来澄清事实。

(2)当主句的主语与目的状语从句的主语一致时，可将in order that/so that引导的目的状语从句转换为目的状语in order (not) to do sth./so as (not) to do sth. in order to可以放在句首，而so as to不可以放在句首。

❸He hurried through his work so that he could catch the train.
＝He hurried through his work so as to/in order to catch the train.
＝In order to catch the train，he hurried through his work.
为了能赶上火车，他急匆匆地赶完了工作。

名师点津
so that还可以引导结果状语从句，表示“因此，所以”。

从句中一般不用can和may等情态动词，主从句间可用逗号隔开。

I got up early this morning, so that I caught the early bus. 今天早上我起得很早，所以赶上了早班车。

即学即练完成句子
①________________ (为了) everybody could hear him, he spoke loudly.
②The teacher underlined the words ________________ (为了) the students could pay special attention to them.
③We talked quietly ________________ (为了不) disturb the other passengers.
④All these foods and clothes must be sent out immediately ________________________ (以便及时被接收) for those who were caught in floods.
2 （教材原句）I am sure it will make the sports centre more popular．我确信这会使体育中心更受欢迎。

[句式分析]本句为复合句。

I am sure为主句，其后为省略了引导词的宾语从句，该从句中的make the sports centre more popular为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构。

“make＋宾语＋宾补”表示“使某人/某物……”，充当宾补的可以是名词、不带to的不定式、现在分词和过去分词等。

❶It was this movie that made him a star.
是这部电影使他成为明星的。

❷Nothing will make me change my mind.什么也改变不了我的想法。

❸Can you make yourself understood in English?
你能用英语表达你的意思吗？
❹When I reached the theatre, the tickets had been booked up, which made me upset.
当我到达剧院的时候，票已经订完了，这使我很难过。

名师点津
(1)“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构中有时用it作形式宾语，将真正的宾语(不定式、动名词或从句等)放在宾语补足语之后。

(2) make sb. do sth.中的do为不带“to”的动词不定式，但在被动语态中，应将“to”还原。

名师点津
The Internet makes it easier for people to get the information they want.
互联网使得人们更容易地获取他们所需要的信息。

The teacher made him stay after school.→He was made by the teacher to stay after school.
他被老师要求放学后留下来。

即学即练单句语法填空
①I had to shout to make myself ________ (hear) above the music.
②The use of computers has made ________ possible for more people to work at home.
③He was made ________ (work) for twelve hours every day.
3 （教材原句）You know，it's really difficult to fit exercise into my busy schedule.
你知道，我很忙，很难有时间锻炼身体。

[句式分析]It is/was＋n./adj. (＋for/of sb./sth.)＋to do sth.
句中it为形式主语，后面的动词不定式短语是真正的主语。

it作形式主语的常见句式：
(1)It＋be＋n.(＋for sb.) ＋to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……”。

(2)It＋be＋adj.(＋for sb.) ＋to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”。

此类形容词(easy, difficult, important, necessary, impossible等)说明不定式行为的性质和特点。

(3)It＋be＋adj.(＋of sb.)＋to do sth.意为“(某人)做某事是……的”。

此类形容词(kind, nice, good, polite, rude, clever, wise等)说明不定式的逻辑主语的性格和品行。

❶It is a pity to give up the job.放弃这份工作真是遗憾。

❷It is important for us to have breakfast every day.
每天吃早餐对我们来说非常重要。

❸It is kind of you to invite me to the party.
你邀请我参加聚会真是太好了。

名师点津
fit sth. in/into sth. else 把某事安排在……时间段/日程表里
(1)I'll try and fit you in after lunch.
我尽可能安排在午饭以后见你。

(2)I had to fit ten appointments into one morning.
我要在一个上午安排十个约会。

(3)I'm too busy to fit exercise into my schedule.我太忙了，难以把运动安排在我的日程里。

即学即练完成句子
①有些学生延迟完成作业已成了习惯。

It has been ________________ some students ________________．
②你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。

It's ________________ the maths problem.
③在这场金融危机中，这个国家不可能在短时间内恢复过来。

It's impossible ________________ in a short time over this financial crisis.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He will ________ (宣布) tonight that he is resigning from office.
2．Can you imagine that she is a superb ________ (运动员)?
3．He responded in ________ (冠军) style by treating the fans to an exhibition of power and speed.
4．Yao Ming was a dominant athlete on the c________.
5．We'll ________ (向……提供最新信息) you on the day's top news stories.
6．I wish that sports day could be abandoned and ________ (代替) with some other less-competitive events.
7．To be honest, there's easily enough room for two adults and three children, p________ a dog in the boot.
8．We went out to the gym ________ (附近). Bob hadn't been to a game for a few weeks.
9．I'm writing to apply for the ________ (职位) as a student volunteer.
10．Both of us are more than ________ (伙伴). We are close friends.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Remember, even world champion ________ (athlete) practice their skills on a consistent basis.
2．We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee ________ (replace) operation.
3．First ________ (announce) in April, 2016, the tax...was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity.
4．Some ________ (position) require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.
5．During the week, however, she likes to go to a ________ (near) store to buy some small things she needs.
Ⅲ.短语填空
in response to, under the weather, check out, to be honest, take part in, hang out, be concerned about, in one's position
1．—What do you think of Nick's performance last night?
—____________，his singing didn't appeal (引起兴趣) to me.
2．You need to stop ____________ with your friends and get your book report done.
3．You can ____________ activities from canoeing to bird watching.
4．His father was ____________ last week, but he's all right now.
5．It was some time before the door opened ____________ his ring.
6．The accountant ____________ the bills and found them OK.
7．I was just doing my job and anyone ____________ would have done the same as me.
8．Everyone should ____________ the impact of information technology on future life.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．他后退了一步，凝视着这幅画，然后仔细地对其进行最后的修饰。

He stepped back, gazed at the painting, and then carefully ________________________ it.
2．上周我有些不适，但现在感觉好多了。

______________________，but I'm feeling much better now.
3．我们不能再等下去了，否则会赶不上飞机的。

We can't ________________ any longer, or we'll miss the plane. (afford)
4．过去的大多数手工劳动已经被现代机器所取代。

Most manual labor in the past ________________________. (replace... by...)
5．这种产品是为了响应顾客的需要而开发的。

The product was developed ________________________ customer demand.
Section ⅡGrammar and usage & Integrated skills
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．update 2.athlete 3.boxing 4.champion 5.court 6.plus7.nearby8.gym 9.position
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．announce announcement announcer 2.replace replacement 3.champion championship 4.partner partnership
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．put finishing touches to... 2.in response to... 3.replace A with/by B 4.better still 5.in place 6.try out7.under the weather8.hang out9.be concerned about...10.sign up for...
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．so that
2．more popular
3．it's really difficult to fit
核心突破·互动探究
►第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1．①announced②announcement③to④It was announced that⑤make an announcement
2．①updated②be updated③has been updated④update us on the people
3．①to with in②to③in to
4．①with/by②replacement
5．①to overcome②sharing/to be shared③The room needs cleaning./The room needs to be cleaned.
6．①to live②affordable
③The fridge we bought a few years ago has broken down, but we can't afford to replace it.
7．①位置②地位③姿势④where⑤in
►第二版块|重点句型解构
1．①In order that②so that/in order that③so as not to/in order not to④so as to be received in time/in order to be received in time
2．①heard②it③to work
3．①a habit for to put off their homework②clever of you to work out③for this country to recover
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．announce 2.athlete 3.champion's 4.court 5.update 6.replaced7.plus8.nearby 9.position10.partners
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．athletes 2.replacement 3.announced 4.positions 5.nearby
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．To be honest 2.hanging out 3.take part in 4.under the weather 5.in response to 6.checked out7.in my position
8．be concerned about
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．put finishing touches to
2．I was under the weather last week
3．afford to wait
4．has been replaced by modern machines
5．in response to。