湖南省醴陵市高考英语阅读理解一轮选练(11)

湖南省醴陵市2016高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（11）
阅读理解。

Cars are an important part of life in the United States. Without a car most people feel that they are poor. And even if a person is poor he doesn’t feel really poor when he has a car.
Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large numbers. He probably didn’t know how much the car was going to change American culture. The car made the United States a nation on wheels. And it helped make the United States what it is today.
There are three main reasons why the car became so popular in the United States First of all the country is a big one and Americans like to move around it. The car makes the travel the most comfortable and cheapest. With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money.
The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed a practical and cheap public travel system. Long distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. Now there is a good system of air- service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used often.
The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. Americans don’t like waiting for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They don’t like to have to follow an exact timetable. A car gives them the freedom to plan their own time. And this is the freedom that Americans want most to have.
Less oil has caused a big problem for Americans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real answer will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much oil.
1.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A In the United States even the poor own cars.
B In the United States all the poor have no cars.
C When an American has a car, he will never be poor.
D An American will feel poor unless he has a car.
2.We can learn from this passage that Americans ______.
A spend a lot of money traveling by car
B travel a lot in their cars
C seldom travel by plane
D use public traffic often
3.Which of the following is not told in the passage?
A Buses, trains and planes are not comfortable
B Traveling by car is not expensive.
C Americans have the spirit of independence
D Americans often move from place to place
4.In the writer’s opinion, cars are popular in the United States mainly because ___.
A Americans like to plan their own time
B The United States does not have enough public transportation
C Americans will not feel poor when they travel in their cars
D Americans cannot move around without their own cars
5. “A nation on wheels” in the second paragraph means that _______.
A everyone in the United States owns a car
B the United States produces most of the cars in the world
C cars play an important part in American’ life
D the United States depend on car industry for its development
【参考答案】1—4、DBAAC
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

It takes more than just practice to become an Olympian. Gold medal performances require some serious nutrition. Have you ever wondered what these successful athletes eat to stay in peak shape?
Keri Glassman, a registered dietitian and founder of Nutritious Life Meals, appeared on “Good Morning America” today to give you a glimpse i nto the diets of some top athletes. Some of their meals could surprise you.
Crazy Calorie Count
Glassman said Olympians eat a lot of food- quantities that for ordinary people would constitute pigging out.One secret of swimmer Michael Phelps’ astonishing performance in the 2008Olympics in Beijing was consuming as many as 12,00 calories in one day.
Athletes can eat like this and not gain any weight because their workouts are intense. According to Glassman, Phelps’ workouts can burn 4,000 to 6,000 calories in a day, and those calories must be added in order to train the following day.
Snacking Secrets
Some athletes eat strange foods that improve their performance. Yohan Blake, the Jamaica sprinter and 100-meter world champion, has stolen champion sprinter Usain Bolt’s thunder on the track during the Olympic trials, Asked about how he gets his energy. Blake answered that he eats 16 bananas per day ,Glassman said.
Jonathan Horton, the lead gymnast on the Us team, has a blood sugar problem. His solution is honey. When he starts to feel shaky at the gym, he takes honey to boost his energy, Classman said.
Foods for Recovery
What are the best foods to help the body recover after harsh competition?
For Olympic swimmer Ryan Lochte, the recovery meal is grilled chicken breasts with Alfredo sauce, whole-grain spaghetti and a salad with lemon juice and olive oil. Lochte, who recently cut out junk food, candy and soda, has undertaken a strength-training regimen(养生法)that involves flipping tractor tires, and tossing beer kegs, Glassman said.
56.What’s the best title of this passage?
A.Good Diet Makes a True Olympian.
B.Olympians Have Olympic-size Appetites.
C.Olympians’Strange Eating Habits.
D.The Diest of Some Top Olympic Athletes.
【答案】D
【解析】第一段是中心段落。

成为奥运选手不仅仅需要锻炼，获得金牌还需要营养。

57.What does the underlined sentence probably mean?
A.Ordinary people eat few pigs compared with Olympians.
B.Olympians eat a lot more food than ordinary people.
C.Olympians tend to eat a lot of high-quality food.
D.Olympians eat a large amount of food, just like pigs.
【答案】B
【解析】前一句说奥运选手吃很多食物。

划线部分在破折号之后，是对前面话语的补充。

58.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Ryan Lochte quit eating junk food , candy and soda for his better recovery.
B.Yohan Blake finally beat Usain Bolt in the 100-meter track in the Olympics.
C.Michael Phelps’astonishing performance was due to his eating lots of food.
D.Jonathan Horton has a blood sugar problem because of taking too much honey. 【答案】A
【解析】根据最后一段，最后一句可知A正确。

59.Which of the following is not the best food to help the body recover?
A.Soda.
B.Olive oil.
C.Whole-grain spaghetti.
D. A salad with lemon juice.
【答案】A
【解析】从最后一段最后一句可以得知Lochte为了恢复砍掉了junk food, candy and soda，可知，soda不是最好的帮助身体恢复的食物。

60.The passage is most likely to be found in .
A.a technical report
B.a fashion magazine
C.an education column
D.a sports newspaper
【答案】D
【解析】本文说的是运动员与饮食，所以这篇文章可能出现在报纸的体育版面。

【山东省2014仿真模拟冲刺卷】A
Sixteen years ago I learned this lesson in the back of a New York City taxi cab．He re’s what happened．I hopped in a taxi, and we took off for Grand Central Station．We were
driving in the right lane when, all of a sudden, a black car jumped out of a parking space right in front of us．My taxi driver slammed on his brakes, skidded, and missed the other car’s back end by just inches!
The driver of the other car, who almost caused a big accident, started yelling bad words at us．My taxi driver just smiled and waved at the guy．And I mean he was friendly．So, I said, “Why did you just do that？This guy almost ruined your car and sent us to the hospital！” And this is when my taxi driver told me what I now call “The Law of the Garbage Truck．”
Many people are like garbage （rubbish） trucks．They run around full of garbage, full of frustration, full of anger, and full of disappointment．As their garbage piles up, they need a place to dump it．And if you let them, they’ll dump it on you．When someone wants to dump on you, don’t take it personally．You just smile, wave, wish them well, and move on．You’ll be happy with what you d id．
I started thinking, how often do I let Garbage Trucks run right over me？And how often do I take their garbage and spread it to other people at work, at home, or on the streets？It was that day
I said, “I’m not going to do anymore．”
Successful people do not let Garbage Trucks take over their day．What about you？
If you let more garbage trucks pass you by, you’ll be happier．Life’s too short to wake up in the morning with regrets．So, Love the people who treat you right．Forget about the ones who don’t．
41．What happened one day when the author was taking a taxi？
A．The taxi almost hit another car．
B．The taxi driver was injured．
C．The author scolded the driver of the other car．
D．The author learned a lesson from the driver of the garbage truck．
42．How did the taxi driver respond to the behavior of the driver of the black car？A．He yelled back at the driver．
B．He sent the driver to the hospital．
C．He was friendly towards the driver．
D．He dumped some garbage in front of his car．
43．What does the taxi driver think of people according to Paragraph 3？
A．Many people like to drive garbage trucks．
B．Many people dump garbage wherever they like．
C．Many people are warm-hearted to make others happy．
D．Many people tend to be very much depressed．
44．What can we infer from Paragraph 4？
A．The author used to have a lot of garbage trucks．
B．The author used to complain a lot．
C．The author used to have a lot of money．
D．The author used to be a good manager．
45．According to the passage, what should you do if people “dump garbage” on you？A．Ignore them and go on with our own work．
B．Try our best to persuade them not to do that again．
C．Tell them to dump the garbage in the right place．
D．Take over their work and carry the garbage to somewhere else．
【参考答案】41---45ACDBA
阅读下列短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Managers and office busybodies might be keen on a clean desk--but it seems that in terms of productivity, they could have it all wrong. A messy desk can actually lead people towards clearer thinking, say researchers from Germany.
The researchers found in a series of linked studies- using a messy desk and a messy shop front ---that people actually thought more clearly when all around was chaos, as they sought to simplify the tasks at hand. That is ,visual and mental clutter （杂乱）forces human beings to focus and think more clearly. For instance, famous thinkers and writers such as Albert Einstein and Roald Dahl have been notorious for their untidy desks.
“Messy desks may not be as detrimental as they appear to be, as the problem-solving approaches they seem to cause can boost work efficiency or emhance employees’ creativity in problem solving,” say the authors.
Oddly, the effect seems to work most on conservatives-political liberals are less liable to be worried about mess in the first place, say the researchers.
“Business and government managers often promote ‘clean desk’ policies to avoid disorganized offices and messy desks, for the purpose of boosting work efficiency and productivity.” Writes a researcher, Jia Liu of the University o f Groningen, “This practice is based on the conventional wisdom that a disorganized and messy environment can clutter one’s mind and complicate one’s judgments”
“However, not all evidence supports this conventional link between a messy environment and a me ssy mind”. The scientists tested people’s response in various’messy’environments, including a messy shop front, a disorganized desk, and even a work environment where a language task’reminded’people of messiness.
The authors found in the series of six studies that people tended towards simplicity in their thinking.
“They categorized products in a simpler manner, were willing to pay more for a T-shirt that depicts a simple-looking picture, and sought less variety in their choices”, said the researchers.
61.According to the text, a proper way to lead people towards clearer thinking is to .
A.make a list of priorities
B.simplify the tasks at hand
C.follow famous people
D.mess up their mind
【答案】B
【解析】根据第二段第一句可知当四周混乱的时候，他们的思维更清晰。

因为他们试图简化手头的工作。

62.Why did the author take Albert Einstein and Ronald Dahl for example?
A.To tell readers untidy desks can make you as famous as celebrities.
B.To convince readers that untidiness is not all that bad.
C.To inform readers of one way to success-untidy desks.
D.To attract readers and show the author’s wide range of knowledge.
【答案】B
【解析】第二段倒数第二句“视觉上和精神上的杂乱迫使人们集中注意力思维更清晰”；最后一句接着举了Albert Einstein and Ronald Dahl的例子，就是为了说明上一句的。

63.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.A messy environment will certainly lead to a messy mind.
B.A clean environment will do great harm to work efficiency.
C.People tend to clear up the mess before thinking clearly.
D.All people are not in favor of “clean desk” in t he office.
【答案】D
【解析】D项的意思是“并不是所有人都赞成办公室里清洁的桌子”。

可从倒数第三段东一句可知。

64.The underlined word “detrimental” probably means .
A.disadvantageous
eful
C.beneficial
D.accessible
【答案】A
【解析】根据下句可知“。

他们导致的解决问题的方法能够促进工作效率”。

所以第一句的意思是“杂乱的桌子看上去似乎不想他们看上去那么有害的”
65.What is the main idea for this passage?
A.The messier the desks are, the more efficient the employees are.
B.Messy desks in the office can have a positive effect on employees.
C.We should make our office messy to improve our work efficiency.
D.Clean desks can boost the employees’ productivity and creativity.
【答案】B
【解析】第一段最后一句可知。

阅读理解。

In the more and more competitive service industry, it is no longer enough to promise customer satisfaction. Today, customer “delight” is what co mpanies are trying to achieve in or order to keep and increase market share.
It is accepted in the marketing industry, and confirmed by a number of researches, that customers receiving good service will promote business by telling up to 12 other people: those treated badly will tell their tales of woe to up to 20 people, 80 percent of people who feel their complaints are handled fairly will stay loyal
New lunges for customer care have come when people can obtain goods and services
through telephone call centers and the Internet. For example , many companies now have to invest(投资)a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the “phone rage”—caused by delays in answering calls ,being cut off in mid-conversation or left waiting for long periods.
“Many people do not like talking to machines,” says Dr . Storey Senior Lecturer in Marketing at City University Business School. “Banks, for example, encourage staff at call centers to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with them .The aim is to make the customer feel they know you and that you can trust—the sort of comfortable feelings people have during face-to-face chats with their local branch manager.”
Recommended ways of creating customer delight include: under-promising and
over-delivering (saying that a repair will be calmed out within five hours ,but getting it done within two );replacing a faulty product immediately : throwing in a gift voucher(购物礼卷)as an unexpected “thank you” to rental custo mers ;and always returning calls ,even when they are complaints.
Aiming for customer delight is all very well , but if services do not reach the high level promised , disappointment or worse will be the result . This can be eased by offering an apology and an explanation of why the service did not meet usual standards with empathy (for example,” I know how you must feel”), and possible solutions (replacement , compensation or whatever fames suggests best meets the case).
Airlines face some of the toughest challenges over customer care. Fierce competition has convinced them that delighting passengers is an important marketing tool, while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather, unclaimed luggage and technical problems.
For British Airways staff, a winning telephone style is considered vital in handling the large volume of calls about bookings and flight times. They are trained to answer quickly, with their name, job title and a “we are here to help” attitude. The company has invested heavily in information technology to make sure that information is available instantly on screen.
British Airways also says its customer care policies are applied within the
company and staff are taught to regard each other as customers requiring the highest standards of service.
Customer care is obviously here to stay and it would be a foolish company that used slogans such as "we do as we please”. On the other hand, the more customers are promised, the greater the risk of disappointment.
( ) 1. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that .
A. complaining customers are hard to satisfy
B. unsatisfied customers receive better service
C. Satisfied customers catch more attention
D. well-treated customers promote business
( ) 2. The writer mentions “phone rage”(Paragraph 3) to show that .
A. customers often use phones to express their anger
B. people still prefer to buy goods online
C. customer care becomes more attention
D. customers rely on their phones to obtain services
( ) 3. What does the writer recommend to create delight?
A. Calling customers regularly
B. Giving a “thank you” note.
C. Delivering a quicker service
D. Promising more gifts.
( ) 4. If a manager should show his empathy (Paragraph6), what would he probably say?
A. “I know how upset you must be.”
B. “I appreciate your understanding.”
C. “I’m sorry for the delay.”
D. “I know it’s our fault.”
( ) 5. Customer delight is important for airlines because .
A. their telephone style remains unchanged
B. they are more likely to meet with complaints
C. the services cost them a lot of money
D. the policies can be applied to their staff
( ) 6. Which of the following is conveyed in this article?
A. Face-to-face service creates comfortable feelings among customers.
B. Companies that promise more will naturally attract more customers.
C. A company should promise less but do more in a competitive market.
D. Customer delight is more important for airlines than for banks. 【参考答案】1—6、DCCABC。