20-21版：Reading and Thinking—Comprehending（步步高）

Reading and Thinking—Comprehending
WHAT’S IN A NAME？名为何物？
①puzzle/′pʌzl/n.谜；智力游戏；疑问v t.迷惑；使困惑
②nearby/ˌn Iə′ba I/adj.附近的；邻近的ad v.在附近
③Wales/we I lz/威尔士(英国)
④join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来
⑤Scotland/′skɒtˌlənd/苏格兰(英国)
⑥break away (from sb. /sth. )脱离；背叛；逃脱
⑦Northern Ireland/ˌnɔːðn′a Iələnd/北爱尔兰(英国)
⑧belong/b I′lɒŋ/v i.应在(某处)；适应
belong to属于
⑨as well as同(一样也)；和；还
⑩currency/′kʌrənsi/n.通货；货币
⑪military/′m I lətri/adj.军事的；军用的
⑫defence/d I′fens/n.防御；保卫
⑬legal/′liːɡl/adj.法律的；合法的
⑭surround/sə′raʊnd/v t.围绕；包围
⑮evidence/′evidəns/n.证据；证明
⑯achievement/ə′tʃiːvmənt/n.成就；成绩；达到
⑰Anglo-Saxon/ˌæŋgləʊ′sæksn/盎格鲁—撒克逊人
⑱Viking/′va I k Iŋ/n.维京人；北欧海盗
⑲location/ləʊ′ke Iʃn/n.地方；地点；位置
⑳Norman/′nɔːmən/adj.诺曼式的；诺曼人的
the Normans诺曼人
○21conquer/′kɒŋkə(r)/v t.占领；征服；控制
○22battle/′bætl/n.战役；搏斗v i.& v t.搏斗；奋斗
Battle of Hastings/′he I st Iŋz/黑斯廷斯战役
○23port/pɔːt/n.港口(城市)
○24Roman/′rəʊmən/adj.古罗马的；罗马的n．古罗马人；罗马市民
○25fascinating/′fæs I ne I t Iŋ/adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的
○26keep your eyes open (for)留心；留意
Step 1Fast-reading
Ⅰ.Read the passage quickly and fill in the following blanks with suitable words.
Ⅱ.The main idea of the passage is the history about the United Kingdom.
Step 2Careful-reading
Ⅰ.Judge whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)．1．Scotland was the first country that was joined to the Kingdom of England.(F) 2．The four countries that make up the UK all have the army of their own.(F) 3．The Normans added some French words to the English language.(T)
4．The Anglo-Saxons influenced the building styles of the UK.(T)
5．If you want to visit the United Kingdom，it is a good idea to start with London.(T)Ⅱ.Read the passage on P40－41 and choose the best answer.
1．What can help us find out the difference between some different names of the UK? A．British languages.
B．British history.
C．British location.
D．British education.
答案B
2．Which country is the first to be joined to the Kingdom of England? A．Britain. B．Scotland.
C．Wales. D．Ireland.
答案C
3．What is different for the four countries of the UK?
A．The flag.
B．The currency.
C．The military defence.
D．The education system.
答案D
4．Which of the following is the achievement of the Normans?
A．Building towns and roads.
B．Changing the way of building houses.
C．Leaving behind many new vocabulary.
D．Changing the legal system.
答案D
Step 3Post-reading
Ⅰ.After reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.
According to the British history，Wales is the first country to be joined 1.to the Kingdom of England，which happened in the 16th ter，Scotland and the Kingdom of Ireland 2.were added(add) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.In the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland 3.broke(break) away from the UK,4.which resulted in the full name we have today：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland，whose 5.shortened(shorten) name is “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”．The four countries of the UK use 6.the same flag as well as the same currency and military defence.However，they also have some 7.differences(different)，like different legal systems.The UK’s long and interesting history can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions.Studying the history of the UK will make your visit much more 8.enjoyable(enjoy)．The capital city London is a great place 9.to start(start)，as it is an ancient port city that has a history 10.dating(date) all the way back to Roman times.There are countless historic sites to explore，and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK.
Ⅱ.Discuss with your partner and then answer the following questions.
1．Can you work out why London is the capital of England，Great Britain and the UK?
2．If you have four days to stay in London，what historic sites will you explore? Why do you choose them?
Step 4Sentence-learning
1．Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
[句式分析]本句为一个简单句。

句中Getting to know a little bit about British history是动名词
短语作主语。

动名词(短语)作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。

[自主翻译]稍微了解一下英国历史，就可以帮助你解开这个谜团。

2．Finally，in the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK，which resulted in the full name we have today：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
[句式分析]本句为一个含有定语从句的复合句。

which resulted in the full name we have today 为非限制性定语从句，关系代词which代指“爱尔兰南部地区从英国脱离出去”这件事。

[自主翻译]最后，在二十世纪时，爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国，形成了今天的英国全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。