一个含时谐振子的精确波函数和相干态(英文)

一个含时谐振子的精确波函数和相干态(英文)
A coherent state is a quantum state in which the oscillation of a harmonic oscillator is amazingly close to
the expected value of a classical harmonic oscillator. Coherent states are important in quantum mechanics, including a wide range of applications, from quantum information theory to quantum foundations and from quantum cryptography to quantum optics.
A coherent state can be described as a wavefunction that obeys the Schrodinger equation for a harmonic oscillator. The wavefunction is a superposition of all the possible energy eigenstates and is highly localized in both space and time.
It is often referred to as a 'clock state' because it accurately reflects the behavior of a classical harmonic oscillator.
In quantum mechanics, coherent states can be used to describe the oscillations of a system with a specific frequency and amplitude. For example, the coherent states of
a harmonic oscillator are used to describe the motion of particles in a crystal lattice and the motion of particles in a cavity. In electro-optics, coherent states are used to describe the interference of light waves, where the light
field is superimposed on the electric potential of the medium.
In recent years, coherent states have also found application in quantum information theory. They allow for the manipulation of quantum states with great precision and accuracy, and can be used to generate and detect entangled states. Furthermore, coherent states are useful for the
realization of quantum gates, which are gates of individual qubits, as well as for efficient error correction protocols.
In summary, a coherent state is a quantum state in which the oscillations of a harmonic oscillator are amazingly close to the expected value of a classical harmonic oscillator. It is an important concept in quantum mechanics and finds application in a variety of areas, from quantum information theory to quantum optics. It is the basis of many important advances in quantum technologies.。