皮试注射口述词流程

皮试注射口述词流程英文回答：
Intradermal Skin Test Administration Protocol. Materials:
Tuberculin syringe and needle (25-gauge)。

Tuberculin solution (5 TU, 0.1 ml)。

Alcohol swabs.
Bandage.
Pen or marker.
Procedure:
1. Preparation.
Explain the procedure to the patient and obtain consent.
Position the patient comfortably with the arm extended.
Select an injection site on the volar surface of the forearm, approximately one-third of the distance between
the elbow and the wrist.
Clean the injection site with an alcohol swab and
allow it to dry.
2. Injection.
Load the syringe with 0.1 ml of tuberculin solution.
Hold the syringe perpendicular to the skin surface.
Insert the needle into the epidermis at a 15-degree angle.
Advance the needle until the bevel is fully inserted beneath the skin's surface.
Inject the solution slowly and steadily.
3. Post-Injection.
Withdraw the needle.
Apply pressure to the injection site with an alcohol swab to stop any bleeding.
Cover the injection site with a bandage.
Instruct the patient to avoid touching or scratching
the injection site.
4. Interpretation.
The skin test is read 48-72 hours after administration.
The injection site is examined for erythema (redness)
and induration (firmness).
The induration is measured in millimeters using a
ruler or caliper.
A positive skin test is characterized by induration ≥
10 mm.
Additional Notes:
The tuberculin syringe and needle should be new and sterile for each patient.
The injection should be performed by a trained healthcare professional.
The patient should be instructed to return for skin test reading within the specified time frame.
中文回答：
皮试注射口述词流程。

材料：
结核菌素注射器和针头（25 号）。

结核菌素溶液（5 TU，0.1 毫升）。

酒精棉球。

绷带。

笔或记号笔。

流程：
1. 准备。

向患者解释该程序并征得同意。

让患者舒适地伸出手臂。

在前臂的掌侧选择一个注射部位，距离肘部和手腕大约三分之
一处。

用酒精棉球清洁注射部位并使其干燥。

2. 注射。

在注射器中装入 0.1 毫升结核菌素溶液。

将注射器垂直于皮肤表面。

以 15 度角将针头插入表皮。

推进针头直至斜面完全插入皮下。

缓慢而稳定地注射溶液。

3. 注射后。

拔出针头。

用酒精棉球按压注射部位以止血。

用绷带覆盖注射部位。

指导患者避免触摸或抓挠注射部位。

4. 解读。

在注射后 48-72 小时内解读皮试。

检查注射部位是否有红斑（发红）和硬结（变硬）。

使用尺子或卡尺以毫米为单位测量硬结。

硬结≥ 10 毫米为阳性皮试。

其他注意事项：
结核菌素注射器和针头对于每位患者都应全新且无菌。

注射应由受过培训的医护人员进行。

应指示患者在指定的时间内返回进行皮试解读。