《传热传质学》主要内容和专业词汇中英文对照

《传热传质学》主要内容和专业词汇中英文对照

Chapter 1 Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer

主要内容

1.Concepts:

heat (thermal energy)、heat transfer、thermodynamics、total amount of heat transfer、heat transfer rate、heat flux、conduction、convection、radiation

2.Equations:

1) The first law of thermodynamics (conservation of energy principle)

2) Heat balance equation: a) closed system; b) open system (steady-flow)

3) Fourier’s law of heat conduction

4) Newton’s law of cooling

5) Stefan-Boltzmann law

主要专业词汇

heat transfer 传热、热传递、传热学thermodynamics热力学

caloric 热素specific heat 比热mass flow rate 质量流率

latent heat 潜热sensible heat 显热heat flux热流密度

heat transfer rate热流量total amount of heat transfer总热量

conduction导热convection对流radiation辐射

thermal conductivity 热导率thermal diffusivity 热扩散率

convection/combined heat transfer coefficient 对流/综合换热系数

emissivity 发射率absorptivity 吸收率simultaneous heat transfer 复合换热

Chapter 2 Heat Conduction Equation

主要内容

3.Concepts:

temperature field、temperature gradient、heat generation、initial condition、boundary condition、steady\transient heat transfer、uniform\nonuniform temperature distribution

4.Equations:

1) Fourier’s law of heat conduction (§2-1)

2) Heat conduction equation (in rectangular\cylindrical\spherical coordinates)

(§2-2、§2-3)

3) Boundary conditions: (§2-4)

a)Specified temperature B. C.

b) Specified heat flux B. C. (special case: insulation、thermal symmetry);

c) Convection B.C.

d) Radiation B.C.

e) Interface B.C.

4) Average thermal conductivity k ave(§2-7)

5) Solution of one-dimensional, steady heat conduction in plane walls、cylinders and

spheres (k =const)：

a) no heat generation, specified temperature B.C.: (§2-5)

T(x) or T(r)；Q(x) or Q(r), Q=const

b) with heat generation, Specified temperature B.C. or Convection B.C. : (§2-6)

∆T max=T o-T s= gs2/2nk ; q(x)=gx/n; T s=T + gs/nh

characteristic length S, shape factor n:

plane walls — s = L (half thickness), n = 1

cylinders ——s = r o, n = 2

spheres ——s = r o, n =3

5.Methods: Solve a heat transfer problem

1) Mathematical formulation (differential equation & B.C.)

2) General solution of equation

3) Application of B.C.s

4) Unique solution of the problem

temperature field\distribution 温度场\分布 temperature gradient 温度梯度 heat generation 热生成(热源) initial\boundary condition 初始\边界条件 transient heat transfer 瞬态(非稳态)传热 isothermal surface 等温面 Heat conduction differential equation 导热微分方程

trial and error method 试算法 iterate 迭代 convergence 收敛

Chapter 3 Steady Heat Conduction

主要内容

6. Concepts:

multilayer\composite wall overall heat transfer coefficient U

thermal resistance R t thermal contact resistance R c

critical radius of insulation R cr

fin efficiency fin effectiveness

7. Equations:

✓ Multiplayer plane wall 、cylinders and spheres: 12total

T T Q UA T R ∞∞-==∆& ✓ Fin: fin equation ——0)()(=--∞T T hp dx

dT kA dx d c

1) Uniform cross-section:

2) Varying cross-section: )(fin fin max fin,fin fin ∞-==T T hA Q Q b ηη&&