2006年11月CATTI_二级笔译实务真题及详解

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2006年11月德语二级笔译能力试题(部分)

试题Teil I Wortschatz und Grammatik （共50分）Sie lösen hier 50 Aufgaben ( 1 — 50 ). Wählen Sie für jede Aufgabe unter den Lösungen A. B. C und D die richtige Lösung aus. Bitte tragen Sie die richtigen Lösungen auf das Antwortblatt ein. Nur Lösungen auf dem Antwortblatt werden gewertet.1.Er hält nicht viel _________unserem Projekt.A. anB. mitzuvon D.C.2.Wodurch hast du dir seinen Zorn _________?zugewiesenzugeordnet B.A.zugezogenzugeworfen D.C.3.Wer die Wahl hat, hat die __________.A. QualB. MachtSorgeC.Gelegenheit D.…Teil II Leseverständnis（共20分）In diesem Teil lesen Sie zwei Texte. Im Anschluss an jeden Text werden10 Aufgaben gestellt. Sie sollen unter den angegebenen Lösungen A. B. C undD die richtige Lösung auswählen. Bitte tragen Sie die richtigen Lösungen auf das Antwortblatt ein. Nur Lösungen auf dem Antwortblatt werden gewertet.Teil 1Ein Schritt vor, ein Schritt zurück – die Bekämpfung der Luftverschmutzung und damit des Waldsterbens scheint nicht richtig voranzukommen: Zwar ist eines der schlimmsten Waldgifte weitgehend ausgeschaltet worden, aber ein anderes ist dafür wirksamer denn je. Die Folge ist, dass das im Jahre 1981 entdeckte ersteWaldsterben von einem zweiten Waldsterben überlagert und teilweise abgelöst wird.Knapp zwei Drittel der Wälder in der Bundesrepublik sind mittlerweile geschädigt. Der Anteil der stark lädierten Bäume ist seit Beginn der systematischen Zustandsermittlung im Jahre 1984 um ein Drittel gestiegen. Dazu kommt, dass die Zahlen ungleich höher wären, wenn nicht regelmäßig tote Bäume abgeholzt und damit auch aus der Statistik getilgt würden.Hauptursache der klassischen Waldschäden waren die schwefelhaltigen Rauchgase aus den hohen Schloten von Kohlekraftwerken, die als Saurer Regen europaweit über den Wäldern niedergehen. Der Ausstoß des Schornsteingiftes Schwefeldioxid trägt zwar noch immer erheblich zum Vegetationssterben bei, aber mit sinkender Tendenz. Die Schwefelemissionen, unter denen vor allem die Nadelbäume zu leiden hatten, sind in Ost wie West reduziert worden, dank Umweltschutz und deutscher Einheit. Der Einbau von Rauchgas-Entschwefelungsanlagen und der Zusammenbruch der Industrien im Osten (die weitgehend auf stark schwefelhaltiger Braunkohle basierten) haben den Schwefeldioxid-Ausstoß deutlich verringert. Diese Entwicklung hat in vielen Gegenden dazu beigetragen, dass die klassischen Waldschäden an Bedeutung verlieren, mancherorts sich bei den Tannen sogar Erholungsanzeichen zeigen.…51.Was ist der Hauptinhalt des Textes?A.über den Umweltschutz überhauptB.darüber, dass die Probleme des Waldsterbens immer noch nicht gelöst sindC.über die Stickstoffverbindungen, die zum Waldsterben beitragenD.über den Erfolg bei der Bekämpfung des Waldsterbens52.Wann entdeckte man das erste Waldsterben in Deutschland?letztendesJahrhundertsMitteA.1984B.20.Jahrhundertsdes1981C.D.Ende53.Was ist die Hauptursache für das erste Waldsterben?A. schwefelhaltige RauchgaseB. AutoabgaseSchwermetalleStickstoffverbindungen D.C.…Teil III Lücken ausfüllen（共30分）Im folgenden Text sind 30 Lücken (71 — 100) auszufüllen. Setzen Sie für jede Lücke das passende Wort in der richtigen Form ein. Bitte tragen Sie die richtigen Wörter auf das Antwortblatt ein. Nur Wörter auf dem Antwortblatt werden gewertet.Die Presse ist natürlich auch aufgerufen, das private Verhalten von Prominenten kritisch ________(71) beobachten. Wir würden über viele Skandale und Affären nichts erfahren, wenn nicht die Journalisten sich auch für das Privatleben ________(72) und fragen würden, ob sich jemand korrekt verhalten hat oder nicht. Das kann aber nun nicht heißen, ________(73) Journalisten pausenlos in den privaten Gemächern von Politikern und anderen Prominenten herumschnüffeln. Natürlich gibt es eine gewisse Kategorie von Journalisten, die sich völlig auf diese Sensationsstories aus ________(74) Privatleben von Prominenten ________(75) hat. Das ist ein Verlieren der publizistischen Sitten.…参考答案Teil I 共50题(1 - 50)，每题1分，满分为50分1. C2. D3. A4.5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.31. 32. 33. 34. 35.36. 37. 38. 39. 40.41. 42. 43. 44. 45.46. 47. 48. 49. 50.Teil II 共20题(51 - 70)，每题1分，满分为20分51. B 52. C 53. A 54. 55.56. 57. 58. 59. 60.61. 62. 63. 64. 65.66. 67. 68. 69. 70.Teil III 共30题(71 - 100)，每题1分，满分为30分demspezialisiertdass75.74.71.zu 72.interessieren73.76. 77. 78. 79 80.81. 82 83. 84. 85.86. 87. 88. 89. 90.91. 92. 93. 94. 95.96. 97. 98. 99. 100.。

人事部翻译资格证书(CATTI)2004 年 11 月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案

Section 1: English-Chinese Translation （英译汉）（ 60 point ）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points）Until recently, scientists knew little about life in the deep sea, nor had they reason to believe that it was being threatened. Now, with the benefit of technology that allows for deeper exploration, researchers have uncovered a remarkable array of species inhabiting the ocean floor at depths of more than 660 feet, or about 200 meters. At the same time, however, technology has also enabled fishermen to reach far deeper than ever before, into areas where bottom trawls can destroy in minutes what has taken nature hundreds and in some cases thousands of years to build.Many of the world's coral species, for example, are found at depths of more than 200 meters. It is also estimated that roughly half of the world's highest seamounts - areas that rise from the ocean floor and are particularly rich in marine life - are also found in the deep ocean.These deep sea ecosystems provide shelter, spawning and breeding areas for fish and other creatures, as well as protection from strong currents and predators. Moreover, they are believed to harbor some of the most extensive reservoirs of life on earth, with estimates ranging from 500,000 to 100 million species inhabiting these largely unexplored and highly fragile ecosystems.Yet just as we are beginning to recognize the tremendous diversity of life in these areas, along with the potential benefits newly found species may hold for human society in the form of potential food products and new medicines, they are at risk of being lost forever. With enhanced ability both to identify where these species-rich areas are located and to trawl in deeper water than before, commercial fishing vessels are now beginning to reach down with nets the size of football fields, catching everything in their path while simultaneously crushing fragile corals and breaking up the delicate structure of reefs and seamounts that provide critical habitat to the countless species of fish and other marine life that inhabit the deep ocean floor.Because deep sea bottom trawling is a recent phenomenon, the damage that has been done is still limited. If steps are taken quickly to prevent this kind of destructive activity from occurring on the high seas, the benefits both to the marine environment and to future generations are incalculable. And they far outweigh the short-term coststo the fishing industry.Part B Optional Translations （二选一题）（ 30 points ）Topic 1 （选题一）Most of the world's victims of AIDS live - and, at an alarming rate, die - in Africa. The number of people living with AIDS in Africa was estimated at 26.6 million in late 2003. New figures to be published by the United Nations Joint Program on AIDS （ UNAIDS ）， the special UN agency set up to deal with the pandemic, will probably confirm its continued spread in Africa, but they will also show whether the rate of spread is constant, increasing or falling.AIDS is most prevalent in Eastern and Southern Africa, with South Africa, Zimbabwe and Kenya having the greatest numbers of sufferers; other countries severely affected include Botswana and Zambia. AIDS was raging in Eastern Africa - where it was called "slim", after the appearance of victims wasting away - within a few years after its emergence was established in the eastern Congo basin; however, the conflicting theories about the origin of AIDS are highly controversial and politicized, and the controversy is far from being settled.Measures being taken all over Africa include, first of all, campaigns of public awareness and device, including advice to remain faithful to one sexual partner and to use condoms. The latter advice is widely ignored or resisted owing to natural and cultural aversion to condoms and to Christian and Muslim teaching, which places emphasis instead on self-restraint.An important part of anti- AIDS campaigns, whether organized by governments, nongovernmental organizations or both, is the extension of voluntary counseling and testing （ VCT ） .In addition, medical research has found a way to help sufferers, though not to cure them.Funds for anti- AIDS efforts are provided by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, a partnership between governments, civil society, the private sector and affected communities around the world; the fund was launched following a call by the UN Secretary-General in 2001. However, much more is needed if the spread of the pandemic is to be at least halted.Topic 2 （选题二）As a leader of a least developed country, I speak from experience when I say that poverty is too complex a phenomenon, and the strategies for fighting it too diverse and dependent on local circumstances, for there is no single silver bullet in the war on poverty.We have learned the hard way over the years. We have experimented with all kinds of ideas.Yet a report recently released by the World Economic Forum shows that barely a third of what should have been done by now to ensure the world meets its goals to fight poverty, hunger and disease by 2015 is done. I am now convinced that the Millennium Development Goals set by the United Nations in 2000 can only be attained through a global compact, anchored in national policies that take into account local circumstances.Aid and trade are both necessary, but they are not enough on their own. Neither is good governance enough in itself. Above all, nothing can move without the direct participation of local communities. I fear that we lecture too much. This is not the best way.I will give an example of how such a compact worked in Tanzania to achieve universal basic schooling.In the mid-1990s, almost all indicators for basic education were in free fall. The gross enrollment rate had fallen from 98 percent in the early 1980s to 77.6 percent in 2000. The net enrollment rate had likewise fallen, from over 80 percent to only 58.8 percent.Then several things happened. We decided at the top political level that basic education would be a top priority, and adopted a five-year Primary Education Development Plan to achieve universal basic education by 2006 - nine years ahead of the global target.Good governance produced more government revenues, which quadrupled over the last eight years. In 2001, we received debt relief under the World Bank's enhanced HIPC （ heavily indebted poor countries ） Initiative. Subsequently, more donors put aid money directly into our budget or into a pooled fund for the Primary Education Development Program （ PEDP ） .The government's political will was evidenced by the fact that over the last five years the share of the national budget going to poverty reduction rose by 130 percent. We abolished school fees in primary schools.Then we ensured that all PEDP projects are locally determined, planned, owned, implemented and evaluated. This gave the people pride and dignity in what they were doing. After only two years of implementing PEDP, tremendous successes have been achieved.Section 2: Chinese- English Translation （汉译英）（ 40 point ）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2".Translation the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into English. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 80 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（ 20 points ）进入新世纪，国际形势继续发生深刻复杂的变化。

11月CATTI二级笔译真题

20XX年11月CATTI英语二级笔译真题及参考译文(2017-11-08 20:05:12)转载▼标签：英语翻译英语学习20XX年11月CATTI英语二级笔译真题及参考译文EC Passage 1You’ve temporarily misplaced your cell phone and anxiously retrace your steps to try to find it. Or perhaps you never let go of your phone—it's always in your hand, your pocket, or your bag, ready to be answered or consulted at a moment’s notice. When your battery life runs down at the end of the day, you feel that yours is running low as well. New research shows that there’s a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence: According to the attachment theory, for some of us, our phone serves the same function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood.你有过这种经历吗？手机一时放错了地方，忘了在哪，急急忙忙返回寻找；手机从不离身，总是握在手里，揣在兜里或者放在包里，时刻准备回复消息，查找内容。

一整天过去了，一旦发现手机没电，简直觉得自己也要没电了。

最新研究揭示了极端“手机依赖症”背后的心理动因：根据依恋理论，手机简直成了我们大多数人小时候恋恋不舍的泰迪熊。

2006-2011二级笔译实务真题及答案

2011年5月翻译考试二级笔译实务原文第一篇英译汉Farms go out of business for many reasons, but few farms do merely because the soil has failed. That is the miracle of farming. If you care for the soil, it will last —and yield —nearly forever. America is such a young country that we have barely tested that. For most of our history, there has been new land to farm, and we still farm as though there always will be.Still, there are some very old farms out there. The oldest is the Tuttle farm, near Dover, N.H., which is also one of the oldest business enterprises in America. It made the news last week because its owner —a lineal descendant of John Tuttle, the original settler — has decided to go out of business. It was founded in 1632. I hear its sweet corn is legendary.The year 1632 is unimaginably distant. In 1632, Galileo was still publishing, and John Locke was born. There were perhaps 10,000 colonists in all of America, only a few hundred of them in New Hampshire. The Tuttle acres, then, would have seemed almost as surrounded as they do in 2010, but by forest instead of highways and houses.It was a precarious operation at the start —as all farming was in the new colonies—and it became precarious enough again in these past few years to peter out at last. The land is protected by a conservation easement so it can’t be developed, but no one knows whether the next owner will farm it.In a letter on their Web site, the Tuttles cite “exhaustion of resources”as the reason to sell the farm. The exhausted resources they list include bodies, minds, hearts, imagination, equipment, machinery and finances. They do not mention soil, which has been renewed and redeemed repeatedly.It is too simple to say, as the Tuttles have, that the recession killed a farm that had survived for nearly 400 years. What killed it was the economic structure of food production. Each year it has become harder for family farms to compete with industrial scale agriculture — heavily subsidized by the government — underselling them at every turn. In a system committed to the health of farms and their integration with local communities, the result would have been different. In 1632, and for many years after, the Tuttle farm was a necessity. In 2010, it is suddenly superfluous, or so we like to pretend.尽管导致农民破产的原因有很多，但很少农民仅仅是因为土地失去肥力而破产，这可以算是一个农业奇迹。

200605-201005-CATTI二级笔译实务真题及答案(打印版)

2010年5月CATTI二级笔译综合能力测试完型填空原文以及答案When We Talk About Privacy——by Ruth Suli UrmanWhen we talk about privacy issues with teenagers, what are we really talking about? Most importantly, trust. It's only natural for adolescents growing into their teen years, to want some privacy, some alone time, where they can think about who they are becoming, who they want to be and perhaps, just to relax and be out of earshot of the rest of the world. Teens, like adults, work hard too. And when we consider how much socializing they are forced to do, when they attend school all day, sometimes they just want to come home, go into their room, close the door and just listen to the music of their choice. As adults, it helps to remember not to take these things personally.We also need to remember that teenagers can experience "bad" days, too. In giving them the space to be irritable or sad, without demanding that they put on a cheerful face and façade - as we certainly can't expect anything from them that we don't expect from ourselves! - we are honoring their feelings, as we honor our own feelings.Keeping journals, having private conversations with their friends on the phone, and wanting some alone time is a teen's way of becoming who they are. They are slipping into their bodies, their minds, and their distinct individualities. It helps to remember what it was like to be a teen: the writing we may not have wanted to show our parents, the conversations with friends about "crushes," the times that we wanted to listen to The Beatles when our parents only wanted to hear classical music.It is helpful to think about how we want to be treated, as an adult. Remember: respect is earned, not taken for granted. In order to expect our teenagers to be respectful of us, we must be their teachers and their guides, so that they can mirror our behavior. They will give us back what we are giving them, even without consciously thinking about it. What happens if they "hole" themselves up and we never see their lovely faces? As a beginning, in balancing their alone time, we can reach out and make the time to gather the family together, such as meal times, to create communication. This way our children don't end up living their lives behind closed bedroom doors (where we miss out on their childhood years).Coming together as a family is important, too. There is an immense feeling of satisfaction knowing that we are not strangers to our children, and they are not strangers to us. If there is any concern about what they are doing when you are not with them, find a good time and place where they are comfortable (and you are feeling relaxed about talking) and tell them about your concerns. Life is a series of balances, and in the instance of privacy, we can balance that too. Let them know in a loving way how much you care and perhaps share one of your own teenage stories.In teaching them to balance their privacy needs, there is nothing wrong with asking them questions about where they are going, and expecting them to honor our house rules about curfew, etc. We are still the parents and if we decide we need more information about their friends, by all means, take notes on where they are headed off to, or better yet, offer to be a part of their lives, as much as they are willing to let you in: personally meet their friends' parents; become active in their school. It's a great way to find out about their friendships-which are invaluable to teens, and to foster a close relationship with our teenagers - especially if we come from a place of love and caring and not from a sense of snooping or spying.实务英译汉－必译题In the European Union, carrots must be firm but not woody, cucumbers must not be too curved and celery has to be free of any type of cavity. This was the law, one that banned overly curved, extra-knobbly or oddly shaped produce from supermarket shelves.But in a victory for opponents of European regulation, 100 pages of legislation determining the size, shape and texture of fruit and vegetables have been torn up. On Wednesday, EU officials agreed to axe rules laying down standards for 26 products, from peas to plums.In doing so, the authorities hope they have killed off regulations routinely used by critics - most notably in the British media - to ridicule the meddling tendencies of the EU.After years of news stories about the permitted angle or curvature of fruit and vegetables, the decision Wednesday also coincided with the rising price of commodities. With the cost of the weekly supermarket visit on the rise, it has become increasingly hard to defend the act of throwing away food just because it looks strange.Beginning in July next year, when the changes go into force, standards on the 26 products will disappear altogether. Shoppers will the be able to chose their produce whatever its appearance.Under a compromise reached with national governments, many of which opposed the changes, standards will remain for 10 types of fruit and vegetables, including apples, citrus fruit, peaches, pears, strawberries and tomatoes.But those in this category that do not meet European norms will still be allowed onto the market, providing they are marked as being substandard or intended for cooking or processing."This marks a new dawn for the curvy cucumber and the knobbly carrot," said Mariann Fischer Boel, European commissioner for agriculture, who argued that regulations were better left to market operators."In these days of high food prices and general economic difficulties," Fischer Boel added, "consumers should be able to choose from the widest range of products possible. It makes no sense to throw perfectly good products away, just because they are the 'wrong' shape."That sentiment was not shared by 16 of the EU's 27 nations - including Greece, France, the Czech Republic, Spain, Italy and Poland - which tried to block the changes at a meeting of the Agricultural Management Committee.Several worried that the abolition of standards would lead to the creation of national ones, said one official speaking on condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the discussions.Copa-Cogeca, which represents European agricultural trade unions and cooperatives, also criticized the changes. "We fear that the absence of EU standards will lead member states to establish national standards and that private standards will proliferate," said its secretary general, Pekka Pesonen.But the decision to scale back on standards will be welcomed by euro-skeptics who have long pilloried the EU executive's interest in intrusive regulation.One such controversy revolved around the correct degree of bend in bananas - a type of fruit not covered by the Wednesday ruling.In fact, there is no practical regulation on the issue. Commission Regulation (EC) 2257/94 says that bananas must be "free from malformation or abnormal curvature," though Class 1 bananas can have "slight defects of shape" and Class 2 bananas can have full "defects of shape."By contrast, the curvature of cucumbers has been a preoccupation of European officials. Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1677/88 states that Class I and "Extra class" cucumbers are allowed a bend of 10 millimeters per 10 centimeters of length. Class II cucumbers can bend twice as much.It also says cucumbers must be fresh in appearance, firm, clean and practically free of any visible foreign matter or pests, free of bitter taste and of any foreign smell.Such restrictions will disappear next year, and about 100 pages of rules and regulations will go as well, a move welcomed by Neil Parish, chairman of the European Parliament's agriculture committee. "Food is food, no matter what it looks like," Parish said. "To stop stores selling perfectly decent food during a food crisis is morally unjustifiable. Credit should be given to the EU agriculture commissioner for pushing through these proposals. Consumers care about the taste and quality of food, not how it looks."参考译文In the European Union, carrots must be firm but not woody, cucumbers must not be too curved and celery has to be free of any type of cavity. This was the law, one that banned overly curved, extra-knobbly or oddly shaped produce from supermarket shelves.在欧盟，市场出售的胡萝卜必须脆而不糠，黄瓜也不能太弯，芹菜一点空心都不能有。

06年11月二笔实务答案汉英翻译参考译文

Section 2: 汉译英Part BTo uphold world peace, promote common development and seek cooperation and win-win is the common wish of the people around the world and an irresistible trend of our times.Committed to peace, development and cooperation, China pursues a road of peaceful development, and endeavors to build, together with other countries, a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.Never before has China been so closely bound up with the rest of the world as it is today. The Chinese government works to advance both the fundamental interests of the Chinese people and the common interests of the peoples of the rest of the world, and pursues a defense policy which is purely defensive in nature. China's national defense, in keeping with and contributing to the country's development and security strategies, aims at maintaining national security and unity, and ensuring the realization of the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way. China is determined to remain a staunch force for global peace, security and stability.China's national defense and military modernization, conducted on the basis of steady economic development, is the requirement of keeping up with new trends in the global revolution and development in military affairs, and of maintaining China's national security and development. China will not engage in any arms race or pose a military threat to any other country. At the new stage in the new century, we will take the scientific development outlook as an important guiding principle for the building of national defense and military affairs, vigorously advance the revolution in military affairs with Chinese features, and strive to realize an all-round, coordinated and sustainable development in our country's national defense and military capabilities.。

CATTI笔译综合能力二级翻译真题2006-2013

2006年5月【英译汉必译题】For all the natural and man-made disasters of the past year, travelers seem more determined than ever to leave home.Never mind the tsunami devastation in Asia last December, the recent earthquake in Kashmir or the suicide bombings this year in London and Bali, among other places on or off the tourist trail. The number of leisure travelers visiting tourist destinations hit by trouble has in some cases bounced back to a level higher than before disaster struck."This new fast recovery of tourism we are observing is kind of strange," said John Koldowski, director for the Strategic Intelligence Center of the Bangkok-based Pacific Asia Travel Association. "It makes you think about the adage that any publicity is good publicity."It is still too soon to compile year-on-year statistics for the disasters of the past 12 months, but travel industry experts say that the broad trends are already clear. Leisure travel is expected to increase by nearly 5 percent this year, according to the World Tourism and Travel Council.Tourism and travel now seem to bounce back faster and higher each time there is an event of this sort," said Ufi Ibrahim, vice president of the London-based World Tourism and Travel Council. For London, where suicide bombers killed 56 and wounded 700 on July 8, she said, "It was almost as if people who stayed away after the bomb attack then decided to come back twice."Early indicators show that the same holds true for other disaster-struck destinations. Statistics compiled by the Pacific Asia Travel Association, for example, show that monthly visitor arrivals in Sri Lanka, where the Dec. 26, 2004, tsunami left more than 30,000 people dead or missing, were higher than one year earlier for every month from March through August of this year.A case commonly cited by travel professionals as an early example of the trend is Bali, where 202 people were killed in bombings targeting Western tourists in October 2002. Visitor arrivals plunged to 993,000 for the year after the bombing, but bounced back to 1.46 million in 2004, a level higher than the two years before the bomb, according to the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Even among Australians, who suffered the worst casualties in the Bali bombings, the number of Bali-bound visitors bounced back within two years to the highest level since 1998, according the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Bali was hit again this year by suicide bombers who killed 19 people in explosions at three restaurants.Visits are also on the upswing to post-tsunami Thailand, where the giant waves killed 5,400 and left more than5,000 missing.Although the tsunami killed more than 500 Swedes on the Thai resort island of Phuket, the largest number of any foreign nationality to die, Swedes are returning to the island in larger numbers than last year, according to My Travel Sweden, a Stockholm-based group that sends 600,000 tourists overseas annually and claims a 28 percent market share for Sweden."We were confident that Thailand would eventually bounce back as a destination, but we didn"t think that this year it would come back even stronger than last year," said Joakim Eriksson, director of communication for My Travel Sweden. "We were very surprised because we really expected a significant decline."Eriksson said My Travel now expects a 5 percent increase in visitors to both Thailand and Sri Lanka this season compared with the same season last year. This behavior is a sharp change from the patterns of the 1990s, Eriksson said."During the first Gulf war we saw a sharp drop in travel as a whole, and the same after Sept. 11," Eriksson said. "Now the main impact of terrorism or disasters is a change in destination."【参考译文】尽管去年发生了许多自然灾害和人为的灾害，但是旅游者比以往更加坚决地出门旅行。

CATTI三级笔译2006年11月综合部分试题及答案

CATTI三级笔译2006年11月综合部分试题及答案2006 年11 月英语三级《笔译综合能力》试题Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (25 points)Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE rightanswer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. She did not ______ staying at home as she had some sewing to do.A. matterB. careC. objectD. mind2. I should like to rent a house, that is modern, cozy and, ______ , in a convenient place.A. before allB. above allC. over allD. first of all3. Leading stress management experts say that life with stress would be dull and ______.A. disorderlyB. time-consumingC. fruitlessD. unexciting4. Martin has created enough memorable ______ to make iteasy to forgive his lows.A. youngstersB. noblesC. highsD. miserables5. Basca has ______ his first prize at the Intel Science Talent Search, the premier national high school sciencecompetition.A. landedB. lentC. renderedD. brought6. No one was ______ in the accident.A. injuredB. damagedC. woundedD. suffered7. John is handsome ______ the scar on his face.A. althoughB. even ifC. instead ofD. despite8. Even at an early stage the school felt that she ______ a good chance of passing her exams.A. stoodB. gainedC. possessedD. took9. Orson accused the man ______ the theft.A. forB. ofC. inD. on10. I can't tell the time because the ______ of the clock have been removed.A. handsB. pointersC. armsD. fingers11. One person ______ 10 now goes to a university in this country.A. ofB. overC. inD. from12. This book is full of practical ______ on home repair.A. helpsB. tipsC. aidsD. clues13. I'm so tired that I can't take ______ what you're saying.A. upB. outC. inD. on14. His failure ______ great disappointments to his parents.A. forcedB. causedC. madeD. provided15. The little boy was continually ______ the ornaments.A. tripping upB. falling downC. breaking upD. knocking over16. If a star seems to be moving in a wavy line, we ______ it of being a double star.A. doubtB. believeC. guessD. suspect17. I wrote to my bank manager, ______ to getting a loan.A. in the hopeB. on the questionC. with the aimD. with a view18. His emotional problems ______ from his experiences as a child, I think.A. stemB. flourishC. rootD. sprout19. ______ pollution control measures are expensive, many industries hesitate to adopt them.A. AlthoughB. HoweverC. BecauseD. On account of20. ______ of recent political developments, he was taken by surprise upon his arrival in the capital.A. UnexpectedB. UnacquaintedC. UnawareD. UnknowingPart 2 Vocabulary Replacement21. The doctor preferred to resign rather than be accused publicly of infamous conduct.A. unknownB. extraordinaryC. mysteriousD. disgraceful22. Since Jonas Salk came up with his polio vaccine, infantile paralysis has virtually disappeared from the UnitedStates.A. surfaced withB. raised the price ofC. discoveredD. elevated23. In the nineteenth century, poor Europeans seeking to make their fortunes turned to America asa matter ofcourse.A. automaticallyB. obviouslyC. traditionallyD. resignedly24. Nineteenth-century scholars tried to trace the origins of modern languages to ancient Hebrew.A. limitB. connectC. convertD. draw25. Icy roads and poor visibility are familiar hazards in the midwest.A. chancesB. dangersC. conditionsD. occurrences26. For all their protestations, they heeded the judge's ruling.A. In spite ofB. On behalf ofC. Because ofD. Without27. The space shuttle program entails the use of sophisticated technology.A. enhancesB. developsC. createsD. involves28. Tom was avid for learning and imitating and read everything he could.A. eagerB. surgingC. appreciativeD. vigorous29. The country will no longer be plagued by turmoil.A. constant changeB. bad weatherC. utter confusionD. fuel shortages30. As a general rule, September is the worst month of the year for hurricanes in the Gulf.A. NormallyB. On rare occasionsC. InvariablyD. Sometimes31. Innovative approaches to manufacturing, coupled with the tremendous size of the domestic market, led to the emergence of the United States as an industrial giant.A. followed byB. deriving fromC. combined withD. mixed with32. Laurel leaves are still an emblem of victory.A. a symbolB. a resultC. a suggestionD. a spoil33. The National Industrial Recovery Act was designed to spur industry.A. taxB. stimulateC. censureD. rebuke34. When the Erie Canal was built in the 1820's, it was the engineering marvel of its time.A. wonderB. disputeC. frustrationD. model35. Mary McCarthy's satires are couched in the prose style that has a classic precision.A. fusedB. prefacedC. standardizedD. expressedPart 3 Error Correction336. When he fails his final examination, he is sure of a university place.A. IfB. In caseC. Even whenD. Even if37. He says, you must take in those responsibilities.A. take awayB. take onC. take outD. take off38. When they broke open the door, they found a strange man lied on the floor unconscious.A. layB. laidC. lainD. lying39. I regret to have not paid more attention to our English lessons at school.A. not payingB. not having paidC. have not paidD. not to have paid40. Without the music, the children would have not had so much fun.A. wouldn't be havingB. wouldn't have beenC. wouldn't beD. wouldn't have had41. John and I have just been telling stories two of us.A. ourselvesB. to each otherC. each of usD. both42. Had I run out of gas, I ought to have called the garage.A. hadB. would haveC. wouldD. should have43. I cannot thank you very. much for your kindness, I owe my success to you.A. soB. tooC. asD. enough44. Don't set him to talking philosophy or he'll go on all evening.A. offB. onC. atD. of45. I suppose the party ended in a friendly atmosphere, isn't it?A. don't IB. do IC. did itD. didn't it46. Scarcely had the van turned the comer than the mirror came off.A. No moreB. No soonerC. Not anyD. No longer47. We don't plan to go to the concert, and so they don't.A. so do theyB. they don't tooC. neither don't theyD. they don't either48. Having finished lunch, the case was discussed.A. they discussed the caseB. they had discussed the caseC. the case was discussedD. the case had been discussed49. When Henry arrived home after a hard day at work, his wife was slept.A. his wife was sleepingB. his wife sleptC. his wife has sleptD. his wife has been sleeping50. It was not until she arrived at the classroom she realized she had forgotten her coursebook.A. and she realizedB. which she realizedC. then she realizedD. that she realizedSection 2: Reading Comprehension (55 points)Texans have bursting pride and love attention. They also have a thick streak of shortsighted greed and, even by American standards, a busted disposition to violence. When they hear this sort of criticism they usually ascribe it to the ignorance and jealousy of stuffy Yankees who have not spent enough time in the state to understand it. For such avowedly robust people they aresurprisingly sensitive. They hated Edna Ferber's novel Giant, which scourged Texan vulgarity, racism and the mores of millionaires, but they bought it in great quantities and packed cinemas to see the film. They would rather be talked about than not, and if you do not talk about them they do it for you.In claiming special qualifies for themselves, Texans have had to become reconciled to the fact that a largenumber of them are not native. In the last century "Gone to Texas" was a commonplace graffito daubed on barns in other states, and in recent years "Gone to Texas" has, figuratively, been written on the front doors of millions of Americans and also Mexicans. In the early 1980s newcomers accounted for nearly two-thirds of the state'spopulation increase. But Texans do not believe they are being diluted. They maintain that Texanhood, or Texianism, is a matter of attitude and that Texanic qualities exist in abundance in many Americans, regardless of their birthplace: it is when these people are planted in Texas, and nourished by its atmosphere, that they flower like true Texans. A man may not be born in Texas, which is unfortunate; but he can be born to be Texan.Many Alaskans are urban, young and raising families, herefor a while, and trying to make money before moving to somewhere warmer. But many are staying. While most remain in Anchorage and other centers, some set out to build a cabin in the wilderness and live by hunting, trapping and fishing, learning how to skin a muskrat and moose, how to survive terrible weather, how to be truly in tune with the land, taking pleasure in great silence and unpeopled immensity. To settle the frontier the state has a homesteading program, based on the federalHomestead Act of 1864, which was a key event in the opening up of the American west. Hundreds of Alaskans are awarded parcels of wilderness land in an annual lottery and undertake to invest sweat equity, to build a home within three years and clear and cultivate the land within five. Alaskans love reading about Alaska, and two of the most popular books are a manual on log cabin building and a collection of tales about grizzly bears, of which Alaska is a stronghold. Log cabin life is for the stout-hearted few with the springs of adventure strong in them, and these wilderness Alaskans are remarkable. Some are refugees of one kind or another. Several hundred are Vietnam veterans, tortured by their experiences of war and unable to fit into normal urban life, seeking solace in the wilds.51. Which of the following statements can best describe Texans?A. They are aggressively self-confident of their wisdom.B. They are brutally crude in making a living for themselves.C. They are blindly allergic to negative comments on their weakness.D. They are openly and crudely thin-skinned about discriminations against them.52. The author in Paragraph 1 describes Texans as a class ofpeople who areA. of a mixture of personality consisting of both morality and immoralityB. of a mixture of nature consisting of both pride and violenceC. more sensitive to criticisms of their uncivilized conductsD. born to be savage and uncivilized people53. Which of the following statements can best summarize the implications of Paragraph 2?A. Texans are so conceited that they blindly and subjectively consider everything Texan to be inclusively Texan.B. Texans pride themselves on being superior to other Americans who are not as rich as Texans.C. Texans thumb down on all non-natives and regard them as being less educated and resourceful.D. Texans are crude in nature, savage in behavior, and conceited in personality.54. According to the author, Alaskans are characterized by their distinctive and unique way of life thatA. is embraced by both a strong desire to make money and special qualities for enjoying peaceB. takes hunting, fishing and learning how to skin wild animals as their major activitiesC. is made up of both the enjoyment of staying indoors and the exploration of and doing the wildernessD. consists of both the love of themselves and the lust for wealth55. Alaskans love reading books aboutA. Alaskans' way of living as hunters and as log cabin buildersB. Alaskans' keen interest in living in the wild and theabundance in wild animalsC. stories about Alaskans' log cabin life and their abundance of grizzly bearsD. stories telling how Alaskans were cultivating the land and building log cabinsQuestions 56-60Caesar was right. Thin people need watching. I've been watching them for most of my adult life, and I don't like what I see. When these narrow fellows spring at me, I quiver to my toes. Thin people come in all personalities, most of them menacing. You've got your "together" in person, your mechanical thin person, your condescending thin purism, your tsk-tsk thin person, your efficiency-expert thin person. All of them are dangerous.In the first place, thin people aren't fun. They don't know how to goof off, at least in the best, fat sense of the word. They've always got to be adoing. Give them a coffee break, and they'll jog around the block. Supple them with a quiet evening at home, and they'll fix the screen door and lick S & H green stamps. They say things like "there aren't enough hours in the day". Fat people never say that. Fat people think the day is too damn long already.Thin people make me tired. They've got speedy little metabolisms that cause them to bustle briskly. They're forever rubbing their bony hands together and eyeing new problems to "tackle". I like to surround myself with sluggish, inert, easygoing fat people, the kind who believe that if you clean it up today, it'll just get dirty again tomorrow.Some people say the business about the jolly fat person is a myth, that all of us chubbies are neurotic, sick, sad people. I disagree. Fat people may not be chortling all day long, but they're a hell of a lot nicer than the wizened and shriveled. Thin peopleturn surly, mean, and hard at a young age because they never learn the value of a hot-fudge sundae for easing tension. Thin people don't like gooey soft things because they themselves are neither gooey nor soft. They are crunchy and dull, like carrots. They go straight to the heart of the matter while fat people let things stay all blurry and hazy and vague, the way things actually are. Thin people want to face the truth. Fat people know there is no truth. One of my thin friends is always staring at complex, unsolvable problems and saying, "The key thing is fat people never say that." They know there isn't any such thing as the key thing about anything.56. According to the author, most thin people are dangerous becauseA. their personalities are mostly made up of disgusting elementsB. most of their personalities carry threatening elementsC. their personalities largely endanger the life of other peopleD. they have uncooperative and unpleasant personalities57. Which of the following statements can best describe the behavior of most thin people asascribed by thepassage?A. Thin people could never find themselves having enough time for leisure.B. Thin people are seldom unable to find themselves having nothing to do.C. Thin people are never lazy in doing things useful.D. Thin people are fussily annoying and particularly disgusting.58. According to the passage, the author likes being with those______.A. fat people who are clumsy and slow in movement and gets fed up with those quick and sensitive thinpeopleB. thin people who are always energetic and active and those fat people, too, who are steady in the moves theytakeC. fat people who are inactive and easily get jaded but hates to be among those thin people who are active andenergeticD. thin people who get rid of things quickly but feels sick of those fat people who are all thumbs59. Which of the following statement can best distinguish between fat and thin people?A. Fat people are sullen and gloomy whereas thin people are cheerful who know no fatigue.B. Fat people are lazy and clumsy whereas thin people are diligent and crafty.C. Fat people are practically reliable whereas thin people are seldom trustworthy.D. Fat people are always feeling jaded whereas thin people never feel tired.60. When it comes to looking at things, fat people and thin people never come to terms with each other becauseA. in nature thin people have less sensational inclination than most fat people who are always at the mercy of fatB. in essence thin people are less emotional and touchy than fat people who are too impulsiveC. in nature thin people look at things in rose-coloredspectacles whereas fat people always take a dim view of the objectsD. In essence thin people are too quick on the trigger whereas fat people are slow at picking up subtle things Questions 61-70The first and most important agents of socialization are the people who care for infants. In the earliest months, messages from nurturers constitute the child's basic understanding of the world around it. This is the infant's first introduction to the language that shapes perception and elicits emotion.Another powerful source of information and socialization is the friendship of peers. Peers are equals that one can deal with on the same level as oneself, whereas parents are superiors. The heavy emotional overlay of family relationships makes some kinds, of learning difficult.Much formal socialization is placed in the hands of professionals. Teachers from kindergarten on are specifically designated agents of socialization. Ideally, a teacher is one who has both knowledge and the skills to present it. During the course of teaching their subjects, classroom instructors provide role models and attempt to convey the excitement of learning itself.In earlier times, parents, friends and teachers would comprise the list of primary childhoodsocializers. Children's books, comics and magazines might also have been mentioned as sources of information on norms and role models. Today one must add three powerful indirect or non-personal socialization agents: radio, movies and television. Many people learn about politics, form a vision of well-being, and develop attitudes towards othersfrom what they see on the screen and hear through thespeakers.61. In this passage, agents of socialization refer to ______.A. the mediaB. individualsC. all channelsD. organizations62. The author's chief agents include the following EXCEPT the ______.A. familyB. groupC. schoolD. internet63. The child's basic understanding of the world around it is formed ______.A. at kindergartenB. in the earliest monthsC. by classroom instructorsD. through interaction with parents64. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Language shapes an infant's perception.B. Language elicits an infant's emotions.C. Language forms an infant's cultural awareness.D. Language forms an infant's basic understanding.65. According to this passage, ______ makes some kind of learning difficult.A. long distanceB. formalityC. much indulgenceD. family influence66. Peers are one of the ______ agents of socialization.A. formalB. indirectC. primaryD. personal67. ______ are the first formal socialization agents.A. Infant nurturersB. Family membersC. Group peersD. School teachers68. Which of the following statements is NOT implied in the passage?A. Teachers are sociable.B. Teachers are role models.C. Teachers are paid agents of socialization.D. Teachers are knowledgeable and skillful.69. ______ are/is powerful indirect socialization agents.A. ParentsB. FriendsC. TeachersD. The media70. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. Childhood SocializersB. Norms & Role ModelsC. Sources of InformationD. Agents of SocializationQuestions 71-80Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation,based on group organization and attitudes.In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual unite. The group contains nearly all of each individual's life. The rewards of the group's work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group, and task performed: Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modern societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic; the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals; it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.71. What is the author's main purpose in Paragraph I of the passage?A. To explain how cooperation differs from competition and conflictB. To show the importance of group organization and attitudesC. To offer a brief definition of cooperationD. To urge readers to cooperate more often72. The underlined word "cherished" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______A. prizedB. based onC. definedD. set up73. In the primary cooperation ______A. group and individual don't have to uniteB. the group contains nearly all of each person's lifeC. individuals work for themselvesD. people don't value cooperation74. Which of the following statements about primary cooperation is supported by information in the passage?A. It was limited in prehistoric times.B. It is usually the first stage of cooperation achieved by a group of individuals attempting to cooperate.C. It is an ideal that can never be achieved.D. It is most commonly seen among people who have not yet developed reading and writing skills.75. According to the passage, why do people join groups that practice secondary cooperation?A. To share the happiness with others.B. To get rewards for themselves.C. To associate with people who have similar backgrounds.D. To defeat a common enemy.76. Which of the following is an example of the third form ofcooperation as it is defined in Paragraph 4?A. Students form a study group so that all of them can improve their grades.B. A new business attempts to take customers away from an established company.C. Two rival political parties temporarily work together to defeat a third party.D. Members of a farming community share work and the food that they grow.77. Which of the following is NOT given as a name for the third type of cooperation?A. Tertiary cooperationB. AccommodationC. Latent conflictD. Antagonistic cooperation78. The underlined word "fragile" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.A. inefficientB. easily brokenC. poorly plannedD. involuntary79. As used throughout the passage, the term "common" is closest in meaning to which of the following?A. Ordinary.B. Shared.C. Simple.D. Popular.80. Which of the following best describes the overall organization of the passage?A. The author describes a concept by analyzing its threeforms,B. The author compares and contrasts two types of human relations.C. The author presents the points of view of three experts on the same topic.D. The author provides a number of concrete examples and then draws a conclusion.Questions 81-90Losing a job or not being able to find one almost always brings unwelcome changes. If you've lost a job, the first feeling is often one of shock. On top of the loss of income, many people find the whole routine of their life is shattered, their contact with other people reduced, their ambitions halted and their identity as a worker removed.There may be good feelings too -- it' s nice to be able to lie in bed in the morning, to spend more time with children, or to have more time to think -- a better job may be just around the corner. But, unless a better job does turn up, chances are the days start getting longer and the time becomes harder to fill. Many people pass through periods of difficulty in sleeping and eating. They feel irritable and depressed, often isolated and lonely.Despite all these problems, unemployment can be a chance for a fresh start. You can discover that it provides an opportunity to sort out or rethink what you want from life and how best you can get it. You can use the time to plan how to find a new job, learn a new skill, develop your hobbies, see if you can run your own business, d some voluntary work in your community or meet new people. It's up to you.81. Unemployment almost always brings changes that are ______A. unpleasantB. unsuitableC. untenableD. unworthy82. According to the passage, when a person has first lost a job, more often than not, he feelsA. excitedB. isolatedC. shockedD. depressed83. According to the passage, possible good feelings include the following EXCEPT being able to ______A. have more time to thinkB. have a new and better jobC. have more time to visit friendsD. spend more time with children84. According to this passage, unemployment may ______A. cause people to lose touch with realityB. completely destroy people's life patternsC. lessen interaction with peopleD. reduce people's chances of promotion85. The unemployed become finally disillusioned when they ______A. have nothing more to think aboutB. are unable to improve their positionC. get tired of playing with their childrenD. can no longer lie in bed in the morning86. According to the passage, continuing unemployment may cause ______A. absence of humorB. lack of interestC. waste of timeD. loss of appetite87. By "a chance for a fresh start" the author means ______A. one should learn to seize chancesB. one should often change his jobsC. unemployment can be of benefitD. unemployment does not last long88. Unemployment provides a chance for you to rethink ______A. what you find and how to keep itB. what you want and how to get itC. how best you can do the new jobD. how best you can sort out a new job89. The sentence "It's up to you" means "You are the person who ______."A. makes the decisionB. is responsibleC. has the fightD. is confident90. The author's purpose is to ______A. give the basic facts of unemploymentB. explain the reasons of unemploymentC. introduce new jobs to the unemployedD. offer encouragement to the unemployed Questions 91-100If you left your book on the table overnight, you would find the following morning that it was still exactly where you had left it, provided nobody had moved it. If a ball is made to roll on a very smooth surface, it will roll a long distance unless something。

2005-2016年CATTI英语二级《笔译实务》真题全集

2005年11月英语二级《笔译实务》试题Section 1: English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）Part A Compulsory Translation（必译题）Hans Christian Andersen was Denmark's most famous native son. Yet even after his fairy tales won him fame and fortune, he feared he would be forgotten. He need not have worried. This weekend, Denmark began eight months of celebrations to coincide with the bicentenary of his birth, and Denmark is eager that the world take note as it sets out to define the pigeon-holed writer in its own way.The festivities began in Copenhagen on Saturday, Andersen's actual birthday, with a lively show of music, dance, lights and comedy inspired by his fairy tales before a crowd of 40,000people -- including Queen Margre the II and her family -- at the Parken National Stadium. The opening, called Once Upon a Time, will be followed by a slew of concerts, musicals, ballets, exhibitions, parades and education programs costing over US$40 million.So more than in recent memory, Danes -- and, they hope, foreigners -- will be reliving the humor, pain and lessons to be found in evergreen stories like The Little Mermaid, The Emperor's New Clothes, The Ugly Duckling, The Little Match-Seller, The Steadfast Tin Soldier, The Shadow, The Princess and the Pea and others of Andersen's 150 or so fairy tales.In organizing this extravaganza, of course, Denmark is also celebrating itself. After all, Andersen is still this country's most famous native son. Trumpeting his name and achievements not only draws attention to Denmark's contribution to world culture, but could also woo more foreign tourists to visit his birthplace in the town of Odense and to be photographed beside the famous bronze statue of the Little Mermaid in Copenhagen's harbor.And Denmark has even more in mind. Local guardians of the Andersen legacy evidently feel his stories have lost ground in recent years to the likes of J.R.R. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings and J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter. Andersen's fairy tales may remain central to the Danish identity, serving as homespun guides to the vagaries of human behavior, but what about the rest of the world? "What we really need is a rebirth of Andersen," noted Lars Seeberg, secretary general of the Hans Christian Andersen 2005 Foundation. "Two centuries after his birth, he still fails to be universally acknowledged as the world-class author he no doubt was.Part B Optional Translation（二选一题）Topic 1（选题一）Independent Information and Analysis from the USAThe Gap between Rich and Poor Widened in U.S. Capital Washington D.C. ranks first among the40 cities with the widest gap between the poor and the rich, according to a recent report released by the D.C. Fiscal Policy Institute on July 22nd. The top 20 percent of household in D.C. have an average yearly income of $186,830, 31 times that of the bottom 20 percent, which earns only $6,126 per year. The income gap is also big in Atlanta and Miami, but the difference is not as pronounced.The report also indicates that the widening gap occurred mainly during the 1990s. Over the last decade, the average income of the top 20 percent of households has grown 36 percent, while the average income of the bottom 20 percent has only risen 3 percent."I believe the concentration of the middle- to high-income families in the D.C. area will continue, therefore, the income gap between rich and poor will be hard to bridge," David Garrison told the Washington Observer. Garrison is a senior researcher with the Brookings Institution, specializing in the study of the social and economic policies in the greater Washington D.C. area.The report attributed the persistent income gap in Washington to the area's special job opportunities, which attract high-income households. Especially since the federal government is based in Washington D.C., Government agencies and other government related businesses such as lobbying firms and government contractors constantly offer high-paying jobs, which contribute to the trend of increasing high-income households in the D.C. area. For example, a single young professional working in a law firm in D.C. can earn as much as $100,000 in his or her first year out of law school."In addition, high-quality housing available in Washington D.C. is one of the main reason swhy high-income families choose to live here, while middle and low-income families, if they can afford it, choose to move out of Washington D.C. to the Virginia and Maryland suburbs so that their kids can go to better schools," stated Garrison."As rich families continue to move into D.C. and middle and low-income families are moving out, the poorest families are left with nowhere to move, or cannot afford to move. This creates the situation we face now: a huge income gap between the rich and poor."The Washington D.C. area to which Garrison refers is the District of Columbia city itself, not including the greater Washington metro area. "The greater Washington metro area has a large population of about 5 million, but the low-income households are often concentrated in D.C. proper," Garrison explained. Tony Blalock, the spokesperson for Mayor Anthony Williams, said resignedly, "No matter what we seem to do to bring investment into the District, a certain population is not able to access the unique employment opportunities there. The gap between the rich and poor is the product of complex forces, and won't be fixed overnight."Garrison believes that the D.C. government should attract high-income families. By doing so, the District's tax base can grow, which in turn can help improve D.C.'s infrastructure. "But in the meantime, the District government should also take into consideration the rights of the poor, set up good schools for them, and provide sound social welfare. All these measures can alleviate the dire situation caused by income disparity. "Garrison, however, is not optimistic about the possibility of closing the gap between the rich and poor. He is particularly doubtful that current economic progress will be able to help out the poor. "Bush's tax-cut plan did bring about this wave of economic recovery, and the working professionals and rich did benefit from it. It is unfair to say that the plan did not help the poor at all… it just didn't benefit them as much as it did the rich, " Garrison said. "The working class in America, those who do the simplest work, get paid the least, and dutifully pay their taxes, has not benefited from Bush's tax-cut plan much." Garrison concludes, "A lot of cities in America did not enjoy the positive impact of the economic recovery. Washington D.C., on the other hand, has always been sheltered by the federal government. The wide gap between rich and poor in the District, therefore, deserves more in-depth study and exploration."Topic 2（选题二）Sometimes you can know too much. The aim of screening healthy people for cancer is to discover tum ours when they are small and treatable. It sounds laudable and often it is. But it sometimes leads to unnecessary treatment. The body has a battery of mechanisms for stopping small tum ours from becoming large ones. Treating those that would have been suppressed anyway does no good and can often be harmful.Take lung cancer. A report in this week's Journal of the American Medical Association, by Peter Bach of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Centre in New York and his colleagues, suggests that, despite much fanfare around theuse of computed tomography (CT) to detect tum ours in the lungs well before they cause symptoms, the test may not reduce the risk of dying from the disease at all—indeed, it may make things worse.The story begins last year, when Claudia Henschke of Cornell University and her colleagues made headlines with a report that patients whose lung cancer had been diagnosed early by CT screening had excellent long-term survival prospects. Her research suggested that 88% of patients could expect to be alive ten years after their diagnosis. Dr Bach found similar results ina separate study. In his case, 94% of patients diagnosed with early-stage lung cancer were alive four years later.Survival data alone, though, fail to answer a basic question: “compared with what?” People are bound to live longer after their diagnosis if that diagnosis is made earlier. Early diagnosis is of little value unless it results in a better prognosis.Dr Bach, therefore, interrogated his data more thoroughly. He used statistical models based on results from studies of lung cancer that did not involve CT screening, to try to predict what would have happened to the individuals in his own study if they had not been part of that study. The results were not encouraging.Screening did, indeed, detect more tum ours. Over the course of five years, 144 cases of lung cancer were picked up in a population of 3,200, compared with a predicted number of 44.Despite these early diagnoses, though, there was no reduction in the number of people who went on to develop advanced cancer, nor a significant drop in the number who died of the disease (38, compared with a prediction of 39). Considering that early diagnosis prompted at enfold increase in surgery aimed at removing the cancer (the predicted number of surgical interventions was 11; the actual number was 109), and that such surgery is unsafe—5% of patients die and another 20-40% suffer serious complications—the whole process seems to make things worse.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation（汉译英）Part A25年来，中国坚定不移地推进改革开放，社会主义市场经济体制初步建立，开放型经济已经形成，社会生产力和综合国力不断增强，各项社会事业全面发展，人民生活总体上实现了由温饱到小康的历史性跨越。

翻译资格考试二级笔译综合能力及实务真题详解

2003年12英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题Part1 Summary Writing1.Read the following English passage and then write a Chinese summary of approximately 300 words that expresses its main ideas and basic information (40 points, 50 minutes)Deceptively small in column inches, a recent New York Times article holds large meaning for us in business. The item concerned one Daniel Provenzano, 38, of Upper Saddle River, N.J. Here is the relevant portion:When he owned a Fort Lee printing company called Advice Inc., Mr. Provenzano said he found out that a sales representative he employment had stolen $9,000. Mr. Provenzano said he told the man that “if he wanted to keep his employment, I would have to break his thumb.” He said another Advice employee drove the sales representative to Holy Name Hospital in Teaneck, broke the thumb with a hammer outside the hospital, and then had a car service take the man home after the thumb was repaired.Mr. Provenzano explained that he “didn’t want to set an example”that workers could get away with stealing. The worker eventually paid back $4,500 and kept his job, he said. I know that you’re thinking: This is an outrage. I, too, was shocked that Provenzano was being prosecuted for his astute management. Indeed, I think his “modest proposal” has a lot to teach managers as they struggle with the problems of our people-centered business environment. Problems such as ….Dealing with the bottom 10%. GE made the system famous, but plenty of companies are using it: Every year you get rid of the worst-evaluated workers. Many managers object that this practice is inhumane, but not dealing with that bottom 10% leads to big performance problems. Provenzano found a kinder, gentler answer. After all, this employee would have been fired virtually anywhere else. But at Advice Inc., he stayed on the job. And you know what? I bet he become a very, very —very —productive employee. For most managers Provenzano’s innovative response will be a welcome new addition to their executive tool kit. And by the way, “executive tool kit” is clearly more than just a metaphor at Advice Inc.Being the employer of choice. With top talent scarce everywhere, most companies now want to be their industry’s or their community’s most desirable. Advice Inc. understood. The employee in question wasn’t simply disciplined in his supervisor’s office and sent home. No, that’s how an ordinary employer would have done it. But at Advice Inc., another employee —the HR manager, perhaps? —took time out his busy day and drove the guy right to the emergency room. And then —the detail that says it all —the company provided a car service to drive the employee home. The message to talented job candidates comes through loud and clear: Advice Inc. is a company that cares.Setting an example to others. An eternal problem for managers is how to let all employees know what happens to those who perform especially well or badly. A few companies actually post everyone’s salary and bonus on their intranet. But pay is so one-dimensional. At Advice Inc., a problem that would hardly be mentioned at most companies —embezzlement —was undoubtedly the topic of rich discussions for weeks, at least until the employee’s cast came off. Any employee theft probably went way, way —way —down.When the great Roberto Goizueta was CEO of Coca-Cola he used to talk about this problem of setting examples and once observed, “Sometimes you must have an execution in the public square!” But of course he was speaking only figuratively. If he had just listened to his own words, Goizueta might have been an even better CEO.Differentiation. This is one of Jack Welch’s favorite concepts —the idea that managers should treat different employees very differently based on performance. Welch liked to differentiate with salary, bonus, and stock options, but now, in what must henceforth be known as the post-Provenzano management era, we can see that GE’s great management thinker just wasn’t thinking big enough.This Times article is tantalizing and frustrating. In just a few sentences it opens a whole new world of management, yet much more surely remains to be told. We must all urge Provenzano to write a book explaining his complete managerial philosophy. 2.Read the following Chinese passage and then write an English summary of approximately 250 words that expresses its central ideas and main viewpoints (40 points, 50 minutes)越是对原作体会深刻，越是欣赏原文的每秒，越觉得心长力，越觉得译文远远的传达不出原作的神韵。

2006年11月CATTI三级笔译实务参考答案

2006年11月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试三级笔译实务参考答案Section 1 English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) (60 points) Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 120 minutes.去年一系列的天灾人祸，反而使旅行者们更坚定了离家出游的决心。

不管去年十二月亚洲的海啸、最近克什米尔的地震还是今年伦敦和巴厘岛的自杀式爆炸，以及其他的在或者不在旅游者线路上的景点。

参观遭受灾祸的地方的休闲旅游者人数在某种程度上回升到比未受灾时还要高的一个水平。

“旅游业如此快速、全新的恢复是很奇怪的.这让你想起这么一句格言：任何宣传都是好宣传。

”亚太旅游协会曼谷战略情报中心的约翰科多乌斯基说道。

现在编辑过去十二个月所发生的灾难的数据还为时尚早，但旅游业的专家却说大趋势已很明显。

据世界旅游业与旅行理事会的数据显示，预计今年的旅游业增长率接近5%。

世界旅游业与旅行理事会驻伦敦办事处的副主任乌菲阿卜拉姆说：“每当发生类似的事件，旅游业似乎就会快速恢复到一个更高的水平。

”提到伦敦7月8号所发生的致使56人丧生、700人受伤的自杀式爆炸袭击，她说：“就好像那些远离爆炸的人们之后又决定回来两次一样。

”更早的数据显示，对于那些遭受天灾的景区同样如此。

例如，亚太旅游协会的统计数据表明，三月至八月的每个月到斯里兰卡的旅游人数相比一年前都要多，而这里2004年12月26日发生的海啸导致3万余人死亡或失踪。

旅游学的教授们常引用巴厘岛作为更早的例子，这里2002年十月曾发生了针对西方旅游者的炸弹袭击，导致202人遇难。

根据亚太旅游协会的数据，巴厘岛爆炸后的一年，赴岛旅游人数猛降至99万3千人，而2004年则反弹至146万，这比爆炸案发生前两年的水平都高。

亚太旅游协会的数据显示，即便是在巴厘岛爆炸案中受伤最多的澳大利亚人，赴岛旅游的人数也在两年内回升到1998年来的最高水平。

2006年5月二级笔译实务试题

2006年5月二级笔译实务试题【英译汉二选一】【试题1】Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle.In Bykovsky, a village of 457 on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year."It is practically all ice - permafrost - and it is thawing." For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle, a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit villages at a projected cost of $100 million or more for each one.Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.In Finnmark, Norway's northernmost province, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.A changing Arctic is felt there, too. "The reindeer are becoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance.And yet no amount of government support can convince Mr. Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring were melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen theyeat."The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns," said Mr. Eira, sitting inside his home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it."译文一：伴随着全球气温升高、气候变暖，曾经天寒地冻的北极大陆，冰雪正在逐渐消融，雪水的不断侵袭并日益影响着沿海地区人们的生活。

CATTI-英语二级笔译实务试题

CATTI 英语二级笔译实务试题CA TTI二级笔译英译汉两篇文章均出自《纽约时报》,下面是真题出处：Part 1：English-Chinese TranslationPassage 1WATERLOO, Belgium —The region around this Belgian city is busily preparing to commemorate the 200th anniversary in 2015 of one of the major battles in European military history. But weaving a path through the preparations is proving almost as tricky as making one’s way across the battlefield was back then, when the Duke of Wellington, as commander of an international alliance of forces, crushed Napoleon.A rambling though dilapidated farmstead called Hougoumont, which was crucial to the battle’s outcome, is being painstakingly restored as an educational center. Nearby, an underground visitor center is under construction, and roads and monuments throughout the rolling farmland where once the sides fought are being refurbished. More than 6,000 military buffs are expected to re-enact individual skirmishes.While the battle ended two centuries ago, however, hard feelings have endured. Memories are long here, and not everyone here shares Britain’s enthusiasm for celebrating Napoleon’s defeat.Every year, in districts of Wallonia, the French-speaking part of Belgium, there are fetes to honor Napoleon, according to Count Georges Jacobs de Hagen, a prominent Belgian industrialist and chairman of a committee responsible for restoring Hougoumont. “Napoleon, for these people, was very popular,”Mr. Jacobs, 73, said over coffee. “That is why, still today, there are some enemies of the project.”Belgium, of course, did not exist in 1815. Its Dutch-speaking regions were part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, while the French-speaking portion had been incorporated into the French Empire. Among French speakers, Mr. Jacobs said, Napoleon had a “huge influence — the administration, the Code Napoléon,”or reform of the legal system. While Dutch-speaking Belgians fought under Wellington, French speakers fought with Napoleon.That distaste on the part of modern-day French speakers crystallized in resistance to a British proposal that, as part of the restoration of Hougoumont, a memorial be raised to the British soldiers who died defending its narrow North Gate at a critical moment on June 18, 1815, when Wellington carried the day. “Every discussion in the committee was filled with high sensitivity,”Mr. Jacobs recalled. “I said, ‘This is a condition for the help of the British,’ so the North Gate won the battle, and we got the monument.”If Belgium was reluctant to get involved, France was at first totally uninterested. “They told us, ‘We don’t want to take part in this British triumphalism,’ “said Countess Nathalie du Parc Locmaria, a writer and publicist who is president of a committee representing four townships that own the land where the battle raged.（原文地址：http：///2013/09/2 ... ）Passage 2Bayer cares about the bees.Or at least that’s what they tell you at the company’s Bee Care Center on its sprawling campus here between Düsseldorf and Cologne. Outside the cozy two-story building that houses the center is a whimsical yellow sculpture of a bee. Inside, the same image is fashioned into paper clips, or printed on napkins and mugs.”Bayer is strictly committed to bee health,” said Gillian Mansfield, an official specializing in strategic messaging at the company’s Bayer CropScience division. She was sitting at the center’s semicircular coffee bar, which has a formidable espresso maker and, if you ask, homegrown Bayer honey. On the surrounding walls, bee fun facts are written in English, like “A bee can fly at roughly 16 miles an hour” or, it takes “nectar from some two million flowers in order to produce a pound of honey.” Next year, Bayer will open another Bee Care Center in Raleigh, N.C., and has not ruled out more in other parts of the world.There is, of course, a slight caveat to all this buzzy good will.Bayer is one of the major producers of a type of pesticide that the European Union has linked to the large-scale die-offs of honey bee populations in North America and Western Europe. They are known as neonicotinoids, a relatively new nicotine-derived class of pesticide. The pesticide wasbanned this year for use on many flowering crops in Europe that attract honey bees.Bayer and two competitors, Syngenta and BASF, have disagreed vociferously with the ban, and are fighting in the European courts to overturn it.Hans Muilerman, a chemicals expert at Pesticide Action Network Europe, an environmental group, accused Bayer of doing “almost anything that helps their products remaining on the market. Massive lobbying, hiring P.R. firms to frame and spin, inviting commissioners to show their plants and their sustainability.””Since they learned people care about bees, they are happy to start the type of actions you mention, ‘bee care centers’ and such,” he said.There is a bad guy lurking at the Bee Care Center — a killer of bees, if you will. It’s just not a pesticide.Bayer’s culprit in the mysterious mass deaths of bees can be found around the corner from the coffee bar. Looming next to another sculpture of a bee is a sculpture of a parasite known as a varroa mite, which resembles a gargantuan cooked crab with spiky hair.The varroa, sometimes called the vampire mite, appears to be chasing the bee next to it, which already has a smaller mite stuck to it. And in case the message was not clear, images of the mites, which are actually quite small flash on a screen at the center.While others point at pesticides, Bayer has funded research that blames mites for the beedie-off. And the center combines resources from two of the company’s divisions, Bayer CropScience and Bayer Animal Health, to further study the mite menace.”The varroa is the biggest threat we have”said Manuel Tritschler, 28, a third-generation beekeeper who works for Bayer. “It’s very easy see to them, the mites, on the bees,”he said, holding a test tube with dead mites suspended in liquid. “They suck the bee blood, from the adults and from the larvae, and in this way they transport a lot of different pathogens, virus, bacteria, fungus to the bees,” he said.Conveniently, Bayer markets products to kill the mites too — one is called CheckMite — and Mr. Tritschler’s work at the center included helping design a “gate”to affix to hives that coats bees with such chemical compounds.There is no disputing that varroa mites are a problem, but Mr. Muilerman said they could not be seen as the only threat.The varroa mite “cannot explain the massive die-off on its own,” he said. “We think the bee die-off is a result of exposure to multiple stressors.”(原文地址：http：///2013/12/1 ... )汉译英第一篇矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。

11月CATTI二级笔译考试真题回忆(网友版)

11月CATTI二级笔译考试真题回忆（网友版）二级笔译：《二级笔译实务》1. 英译汉第一篇：节选自The New York Times，原文标题为：Paris Employs a Few Black Sheep to Tend, and Eat, a City FieldThe archivists requested a donkey, but what they got from the mayor’s office were four wary black sheep, which, as of Wednesday morning, were chewing away at a lumpy field of grass beside the municipal archives building as the City of Paris’s newest, shaggiest lawn mowers. Mayor Bertrand Delano has made the environment a priority since his election in 2001, with popular bike- and car-sharing programs, an expanded network of designated lanes for bicycles and buses, and an enormous project to pedestrianize the banks along much of the Seine.The sheep, which are to mow (and, not inconsequentially, fertilize) an airy half-acre patch in the 19th District intended in the same spirit. City Hall refers to the project as “eco-grazing,” and it notes that the four ewes will prevent the use of noisy, gas-guzzling mowers and cut down on the use of herbicides.Paris has plans for a slightly larger eco-grazing project not far from the archives building, assuming all goes well; similar projects have been under way in smaller towns in the region in recent years.The sheep, from a rare, diminutive Breton breed called Ouessant, stand just about two feet high. Chosen for their hardiness, city officials said, they will pasture here until October inside a three-foot-high, yellow electrified fence.“This is really not a one-shot deal,” insisted René Dutrey, the adjunc t mayor for the environment and sustainable development. Mr. Dutrey, a fast-talking man inorange-striped Adidas Samba sneakers, noted that the sheep had cost the city a total of just about $335, though no further economic projections have been drawn up for the time being.A metal fence surrounds the grounds of the archives, and a security guard stands watch at the gate, so there is little risk that local predators — large, unleashed dogs, for instance — will be able to reach the ewes.Curious humans, however, are encouraged to visit the sheep, and perhaps the archives, too. The eco-grazing project began as an initiative to attract the public to the archives, and informational panels have been put in place to explain what, exactly, the sheep are doing here.But the archivists have had to be trained to care for the animals. In the unlikely event that a ewe should flip onto her back, Ms. Masson said, someone must rush to put her back on her feet.2. 英译汉第二篇：同样节选自The New York Times，原文标题为：N. Joseph Woodland, Inventor of the Bar Code, Dies at 91Norman Joseph Woodland was born in Atlantic City on Sept. 6, 1921. As a Boy Scout he learned Morse code, the spark that would ignite his invention.After spending World War II on the Manhattan Project , Mr. Woodland resumed his studies at the Drexel Institute of Technology in Philadelphia (it is now Drexel University), earning a bachelor’s degree in 1947.As an undergraduate, Mr. Woodland perfected a system for delivering elevator music efficiently. He planned to pursue the project commercially, but his father, who had come of age in “Boardwalk Empire”-era Atlantic City, forbade it: elevator music, he said, was controlled by the mob, and no son of his was going to come withinspitting distance.The younger Mr. Woodland returned to Drexel for a master’s degree. In 1948, a local supermarket executive visited the campus, where he implored a dean to develop an efficient means of encoding product data. The dean demurred, but Mr. Silver, a fellow graduate student who overheard their conversation, was intrigued. He conscripted Mr. Woodland.An early idea of theirs, which involved printing product information in fluorescent ink and reading it with ultraviolet light, proved unworkable.But Mr. Woodland, convinced that a solution was close at hand, quit graduate school to devote himself to the problem. He holed up at his grandparents’home in Miami Beach, where he spent the winter of 1948-49 in a chair in the sand, thinking.To represent information visually, he realized, he would need a code. The only code he knew was the one he had learned in the Boy Scouts.What would happen, Mr. Woodland wondered one day, if Morse code, with its elegant simplicity and limitless combinatorial potential, were adapted graphically? He began trailing his fingers idly through the sand.“What I’m going to tell you sounds like a fairy tale,” Mr. Woodland told Smithson ian magazine in 1999. “I poked my four fingers into the sand and for whatever reason — I didn’t know — I pulled my hand toward me and drew four lines. Now I have four lines, and they could be wide lines and narrow lines instead of dots and dashes.’”Today, bar codes appears on the surface of almost every product of contemporary life. All because a bright young man, his mind ablaze with dots and dashes, one day raked his fingers through the sand.3. 汉译英第一篇：中国式过马路4. 汉译英第二篇：中国经济现状（工业、商业、金融、法制管理）。

200611西班牙语二级笔译实务(部分)

试题Parte ITraduzca dos textos del español al chino en 100 minutos(60 puntos)1.Los niños, entre la población civil, posiblemente constituyen el sector más vulnerable a las minas. Acostumbrados a jugar, muchos infantes se han tropezado con terrenos minados que, si no les provocan la muerte, pueden llevarlos a la ceguera o a la pérdida de brazos y piernas. Para los niños (o incluso adultos) que no saben leer ni escribir, las señales que destacan la existencia de minas en una región determinada pueden pasar inadvertidas. Lo que es más, las minas no distinguen entre los pies de un soldado o los de un niño jugando: simplemente estallan y provocan un daño permanente e irreparable para toda la vida.Los especialistas acotan que uno de los elementos que impide que las minas sean correctamente identificadas es la existencia de una gran variedad de las mismas. Al respecto, convendría señalar que se conocen alrededor de 700 tipos distintos de minas. Algunas son más sofisticadas que otras, si bien su efecto letal es similar. A grandes rasgos existen dos tipos de minas: las de explosión y las de fragmentación. Las minas de explosión tienen menos de 10 centímetros de diámetro y se activan con el peso de un pie. Las minas de fragmentación saltan al aire al explotar, desplegando fragmentos en cierta área.En el caso de los niños, hay una mina que especialmente les gusta: la PFM-1 soviética, usada ampliamente en la invasión de la URSS a Afganistán. Popularmente denominada "mina mariposa", cabe en la palma de una mano infantil, y la razón por la cual atrae el interés de los infantes es por su forma, dado que muchos la confunden con un juguete. Esta bomba también ha sido producida con colores vistosos como el café, el verde y el blanco. Dado que se trata de un explosivo sensible a cualquier contacto, sus efectos incluyen ceguera o pérdida de brazos u otros miembros.También otras minas atraen la curiosidad de los niños. En el norte del Irak, los infantes kurdos han usado minas de forma redonda como ruedas para sus carritos de juguete.Según el Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia, de las más 20 mil personas que han padecido la mutilación de algún miembro en Angola, la mayor parte corresponde a mujeres y niños afectados por las minas. De 70 mil personas que han experimentado amputaciones, 8 mil son niños. Desde mayo de 1955 los niños han representado la mitad de las víctimas de unas 50 mil a 100 mil minas sembradas en Rwanda.Parte IITraduzca dos textos del chino al español en 80 minutos(40 puntos)2.自上世纪70年代末以来，中国经济增长一直受益于“人口红利”，但由于计划生育政策的影响，中国劳动力增长目前已开始放慢。

2006年5、11月翻译资格考试二级笔译真题

2006 年5 月翻译资格考试二级笔译真题第一部分英译汉必译题For all the natural and man-made disasters of the past year, travelers seem more determined than ever to leave home.Never mind the tsunami devastation in Asia last December, the recent earthquake in Kashmir or the suicide bombings this year in London and Bali, among other places on or off the tourist trail. The number of leisure travelers visiting tourist destinations hit by trouble has in some cases bounced back to a level higher than before disaster struck."This new fast recovery of tourism we are observing is kind of strange," said John Koldowski, director for the Strategic Intelligence Center of the Bangkok-based Pacific Asia Travel Association. "It makes you think about the adage that any publicity is good publicity."It is still too soon to compile year-on-year statistics for the disasters of the past 12 months, but travel industry experts say that the broad trends are already clear. Leisure travel isexpected to increase by nearly 5 percent this year, according to the World Tourism and Travel Council.Tourism and travel now seem to bounce back faster and higher each time there is an event of this sort," said Ufi Ibrahim, vice president of the London-based World Tourism and Travel Council. For London, where suicide bombers killed 56 and wounded 700 on July 8, she said, "It was almost as if people who stayed away after the bomb attack then decided to come back twice."Early indicators show that the same holds true for other disaster-struck destinations. Statistics compiled by the Pacific Asia Travel Association, for example, show that monthly visitor arrivals in Sri Lanka, where the Dec. 26, 2004, tsunami left more than 30,000 people dead or missing, were higher than one year earlier for every month from March through August of this year.A case commonly cited by travel professionals as an early example of the trend is Bali, where 202 people were killed in bombings targeting Western tourists in October 2002. Visitor arrivals plunged to 993,000 for the year after the bombing, but bounced back to 1.46 million in 2004, a level higher than the two years before the bomb, according to the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Even among Australians, who suffered the worst casualties in the Bali bombings, the number of Bali-bound visitors bounced back within two years to the highest level since 1998, according the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Bali was hit again this year by suicide bombers who killed 19 people in explosions at three restaurants.Visits are also on the upswing to post-tsunami Thailand, where the giant waves killed 5,400 and left more than 5,000 missing.Although the tsunami killed more than 500 Swedes on the Thai resort island of Phuket, the largest number of any foreign nationality to die, Swedes are returning to the island in larger numbers than last year,according to My Travel Sweden, a Stockholm-based group that sends600,000 tourists overseas annually and claims a 28 percent market share for Sweden."We were confident that Thailand would eventually bounce back as a destination, but we didn"t think that this year it would come back even stronger than last year," said Joakim Eriksson, director of communication for My Travel Sweden. "We were very surprised because we really expected a significant decline."Eriksson said My Travel now expects a 5 percent increase in visitors to both Thailand and Sri Lanka this season compared with the same season last year. This behavior is a sharp change from the patterns of the 1990s, Eriksson said."During the first Gulf war we saw a sharp drop in travel as a whole, and the same after Sept. 11," Eriksson said. "Now the main impact of terrorism or disasters is a change in destination."韩老师参考译文：尽管过去的一年天灾人祸不断，但这丝毫没有影响人们出游的兴致，出游意愿空前高涨。

CATTI笔译综合能力二级翻译真题2006-2013解读

2006年5月【英译汉必译题】For all the natural and man-made disasters of the past year, travelers seem more determined than ever to leave home.Never mind the tsunami devastation in Asia last December, the recent earthquake in Kashmir or the suicide bombings this year in London and Bali, among other places on or off the tourist trail. The number of leisure travelers visiting tourist destinations hit by trouble has in some cases bounced back to a level higher than before disaster struck."This new fast recovery of tourism we are observing is kind of strange," said John Koldowski, director for the Strategic Intelligence Center of the Bangkok-based Pacific Asia Travel Association. "It makes you think about the adage that any publicity is good publicity."It is still too soon to compile year-on-year statistics for the disasters of the past 12 months, but travel industry experts say that the broad trends are already clear. Leisure travel is expected to increase by nearly 5 percent this year, according to the World Tourism and Travel Council.Tourism and travel now seem to bounce back faster and higher each time there is an event of this sort," said Ufi Ibrahim, vice president of theLondon-based World Tourism and Travel Council. For London, where suicide bombers killed 56 and wounded 700 on July 8, she said, "It was almost as if people who stayed away after the bomb attack then decided to come back twice."Early indicators show that the same holds true for other disaster-struck destinations. Statistics compiled by the Pacific Asia Travel Association, for example, show that monthly visitor arrivals in Sri Lanka, where the Dec. 26, 2004, tsunami left more than 30,000 people dead or missing, were higher than one year earlier for every month from March through August of this year.A case commonly cited by travel professionals as an early example of the trend is Bali, where 202 people were killed in bombings targeting Western tourists in October 2002. Visitor arrivals plunged to 993,000 for the year after the bombing, but bounced back to 1.46 million in 2004, a level higher than the two years before the bomb, according to the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Even among Australians, who suffered the worst casualties in the Bali bombings, the number of Bali-bound visitors bounced back within two years to the highest level since 1998, according the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Bali was hit again this year by suicide bombers who killed 19 people in explosions at three restaurants.Visits are also on the upswing to post-tsunami Thailand, where the giant waves killed 5,400 and left more than 5,000 missing.Although the tsunami killed more than 500 Swedes on the Thai resort island of Phuket, the largest number of any foreign nationality to die, Swedes are returning to the island in larger numbers than last year, according to My Travel Sweden, a Stockholm-based group that sends 600,000 tourists overseas annually and claims a 28 percent market share for Sweden."We were confident that Thailand would eventually bounce back as adestination, but we didn"t think that this year it would come back even stronger than last year," said Joakim Eriksson, director of communication for My Travel Sweden. "We were very surprised because we really expected a significant decline."Eriksson said My Travel now expects a 5 percent increase in visitors to both Thailand and Sri Lanka this season compared with the same season last year. This behavior is a sharp change from the patterns of the 1990s, Eriksson said."During the first Gulf war we saw a sharp drop in travel as a whole, and the same after Sept. 11," Eriksson said. "Now the main impact of terrorism or disasters is a change in destination."【参考译文】尽管去年发生了许多自然灾害和人为的灾害，但是旅游者比以往更加坚决地出门旅行。