2015年中考第五次模拟考试(附答案)
陕西省2015年中考模拟数学试题(5)
(考试时间:120 分钟,本卷满分 120 分)
第 I 卷(选择题
共 30 分)
一、精心选一选(每小题 3 分,共 30 分.每小题只有一个选项符合题意) 1 1. 的绝对值的相反数是( ). 2 1 1 B. C.2 D.﹣2 A. 2 2 2.若图是由几个相同的小正方体搭成的几何体的主视图和俯视图,则搭成这个 几何体的小正方体的个数最少是( ).
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19. (本题 6 分) 某校课外兴趣小组在本校学生中开展“感动中国 2013 年度人物” 先进事迹知晓情况专题调查活动, 采取随机抽样的方式进行问卷调查,问卷调查 的结果分为 A、B、C、D 四类.其中,A 类表示“非常了解”,B 类表示“比较了 C 类表示“基本了解”, D 类表示“不太了解”, 解”, 划分类别后的数据整理如下表: A B C D 类别 频数 30 40 24 b a 0.4 0.24 0.06 频率 (1)表中的 a= ,b= ; (2)根据表中数据,求扇形统计图中类别为 B 的学生数所对应的扇形圆心角的 度数; (3)若该校有学生 1000 名,根据调查结果估计该校学生中类别为 C 的人数约 为多少?
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16.(本题5分)已知 x1,x2是关于 x 的一元二次方程 x2﹣2(m+1)x+m2+5=0 的两实数根. (1)若(x1﹣1)(x2﹣1)=28,求 m 的值; (2)已知等腰△ABC 的一边长为7,若 x1,x2恰好是△ABC 另外两边的边长, 求这个三角形的周长.
17.(本题 5 分)(1)如图 1,Rt△ABC 中,∠B=90°,AB=2BC,现以 C 为圆 心、CB 长为半径画弧交边 AC 于 D,再以 A 为圆心、AD 为半径画弧交边 AB 于 E.求证: = .(这个比值 叫做 AE 与 AB 的黄金比.)
2015中考数学模拟试题含答案(精选5套)
2015年中考数学模拟试卷(一)一、选择题(本大题满分36分,每小题3分. 在下列各题的四个备选答案中,只有一个是正确的,请在答题卷上把你认为正确的答案的字母代号按要求用2B 铅笔涂黑) 1. 2 sin 60°的值等于 A. 1B.23C. 2D. 32. 下列的几何图形中,一定是轴对称图形的有A. 5个B. 4个C. 3个D. 2个3. 据2013年1月24日《桂林日报》报道,临桂县2012年财政收入突破18亿元,在广西各县中排名第二. 将18亿用科学记数法表示为A. 1.8×10B. 1.8×108C. 1.8×109D. 1.8×10104. 估计8-1的值在A. 0到1之间B. 1到2之间C. 2到3之间D. 3至4之间 5. 将下列图形绕其对角线的交点顺时针旋转90°,所得图形一定与原图形重合的是 A. 平行四边形 B. 矩形 C. 正方形 D. 菱形 6. 如图,由5个完全相同的小正方体组合成一个立体图形,它的左视图是7. 为调查某校1500名学生对新闻、体育、动画、娱乐、戏曲五类电视节目的喜爱情况,随机抽取部分学生进行调查,并结 合调查数据作出如图所示的扇形统计图. 根据统计图提供的 信息,可估算出该校喜爱体育节目的学生共有 A. 1200名 B. 450名C. 400名D. 300名8. 用配方法解一元二次方程x 2+ 4x – 5 = 0,此方程可变形为 A. (x + 2)2= 9 B. (x - 2)2 = 9C. (x + 2)2 = 1D. (x - 2)2=19. 如图,在△ABC 中,AD ,BE 是两条中线,则S △EDC ∶S △ABC = A. 1∶2B. 1∶4C. 1∶3D. 2∶310. 下列各因式分解正确的是A. x 2 + 2x-1=(x - 1)2B. - x 2+(-2)2=(x - 2)(x + 2) C. x 3- 4x = x (x + 2)(x - 2)D. (x + 1)2= x 2 + 2x + 111. 如图,AB 是⊙O 的直径,点E 为BC 的中点,AB = 4, ∠BED = 120°,则图中阴影部分的面积之和为圆弧 角 扇形菱形等腰梯形A. B. C. D.(第9题图)(第11题图)(第7题图)A. 3B. 23C.23D. 112. 如图,△ABC 中,∠C = 90°,M 是AB 的中点,动点P 从点A出发,沿AC 方向匀速运动到终点C ,动点Q 从点C 出发,沿 CB 方向匀速运动到终点B. 已知P ,Q 两点同时出发,并同时 到达终点,连接MP ,MQ ,PQ . 在整个运动过程中,△MPQ 的面积大小变化情况是 A. 一直增大B. 一直减小C. 先减小后增大D. 先增大后减小二、填空题(本大题满分18分,每小题3分,请将答案填在答题卷上,在试卷上答题无效) 13. 计算:│-31│= . 14. 已知一次函数y = kx + 3的图象经过第一、二、四象限,则k 的取值范围是 . 15. 在10个外观相同的产品中,有2个不合格产品,现从中任意抽取1个进行检测,抽到合格产品的概率是 .16. 在临桂新区建设中,需要修一段全长2400m 的道路,为了尽量减少施工对县城交通所造成的影响,实际工作效率比原计划提高了20%,结果提前8天完成任务,求原计划每天修路的长度. 若设原计划每天修路x m ,则根据题意可得方程 . 17. 在平面直角坐标系中,规定把一个三角形先沿着x 轴翻折,再向右平移2个单位称为1次变换. 如图,已知等边三角形 ABC 的顶点B ,C 的坐标分别是(-1,-1),(-3,-1),把 △ABC 经过连续9次这样的变换得到△A ′B ′C ′,则点A 的对 应点A ′ 的坐标是 .18. 如图,已知等腰Rt △ABC 的直角边长为1,以Rt △ABC 的斜边AC 为直角边,画第二个等腰Rt △ACD ,再以Rt △ACD 的 斜边AD 为直角边,画第三个等腰Rt △ADE ……依此类推直 到第五个等腰Rt △AFG ,则由这五个等腰直角三角形所构成 的图形的面积为 . 三、解答题(本大题8题,共66分,解答需写出必要的步骤和过程. 请将答案写在答题卷上,在试卷上答题无效)19. (本小题满分8分,每题4分)(1)计算:4 cos45°-8+(π-3) +(-1)3;(2)化简:(1 - n m n+)÷22n m m -.20. (本小题满分6分) 3121--+x x≤1, ……① 解不等式组:3(x - 1)<2 x + 1. ……②(第12题图)(第17题图)(第18题图)°21. (本小题满分6分)如图,在△ABC 中,AB = AC ,∠ABC = 72°. (1)用直尺和圆规作∠ABC 的平分线BD 交AC 于点D (保留作图痕迹,不要求写作法);(2)在(1)中作出∠ABC 的平分线BD 后,求∠BDC 的度数.22. (本小题满分8分)在开展“学雷锋社会实践”活动中,某校为了解全校1200名学生参加活动的情况,随机调查了50名学生每人参加活动的次数,并根据数据绘成条形统计图如下:(1)求这50个样本数据的平均数、众数和中位数;(2)根据样本数据,估算该校1200名学生共参加了多少次活动. 23. (本小题满分8分)如图,山坡上有一棵树AB ,树底部B 点到山脚C 点的距离BC 为63米,山坡的坡角 为30°. 小宁在山脚的平地F 处测量这棵树的高,点 C 到测角仪EF 的水平距离CF = 1米,从E 处测得树 顶部A 的仰角为45°,树底部B 的仰角为20°,求树 AB 的高度.(参考数值:sin20°≈0.34,cos20°≈0.94,tan20°≈0.36)24. (本小题满分8分)如图,PA ,PB 分别与⊙O 相切于点A ,B ,点M 在PB 上,且OM ∥AP ,MN ⊥AP ,垂足为N. (1)求证:OM = AN ;(2)若⊙O 的半径R = 3,PA = 9,求OM 的长.25. (本小题满分10分)某中学计划购买A 型和B 型课桌凳共200套. 经招标,购买一套A 型课桌凳比购买一套B 型课桌凳少用40元,且购买4套A 型和5套B 型课桌凳共需1820元. (1)求购买一套A 型课桌凳和一套B 型课桌凳各需多少元?(2)学校根据实际情况,要求购买这两种课桌凳总费用不能超过40880元,并且购买A型课桌(第21题图)(第23题图)(第24题图)凳的数量不能超过B 型课桌凳数量的32,求该校本次购买A 型和B 型课桌凳共有几种方案?哪种方案的总费用最低?26. (本小题满分12分)在平面直角坐标系中,现将一块等腰直角三角板ABC 放在第二象限,斜靠在两坐标轴上,点C 为(-1,0). 如图所示,B 点在抛物线y =21x 2 -21x – 2图象上,过点B 作BD ⊥x 轴,垂足为D ,且B 点横坐标为-3. (1)求证:△BDC ≌ △COA ;(2)求BC 所在直线的函数关系式;(3)抛物线的对称轴上是否存在点P ,使△ACP 是以AC 为直角边的直角三角形?若存在,求出 所有点P 的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.2015年初三适应性检测参考答案与评分意见一、选择题题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 答案DACBCBDABCAC说明:第12题是一道几何开放题,学生可从几个特殊的点着手,计算几个特殊三角形面积从而降低难度,得出答案. 当点P ,Q 分别位于A 、C 两点时,S △MPQ =21S △ABC ;当点P 、Q 分别运动到AC ,BC 的中点时,此时,S △MPQ =21×21AC. 21BC =41S △ABC ;当点P 、Q 继续运动到点C ,B 时,S △MPQ=21S△ABC,故在整个运动变化中,△MPQ 的面积是先减小后增大,应选C.二、填空题 13.31; 14. k <0; 15. 54(若为108扣1分); 16. x 2400-x%)201(2400+ = 8; 17. (16,1+3); 18. 15.5(或231). 三、解答题19. (1)解:原式 = 4×22-22+1-1……2分(每错1个扣1分,错2个以上不给分) = 0 …………………………………4分(2)解:原式 =(n m n m ++-n m n +)·mn m 22- …………2分(第26题图)=nm m +·m n m n m ))((-+ …………3分= m – n …………4分 20. 解:由①得3(1 + x )- 2(x -1)≤6, …………1分 化简得x ≤1. …………3分 由②得3x – 3 < 2x + 1, …………4分 化简得x <4. …………5分 ∴原不等式组的解是x ≤1. …………6分21. 解(1)如图所示(作图正确得3分)(2)∵BD 平分∠ABC ,∠ABC = 72°, ∴∠ABD =21∠ABC = 36°, …………4分 ∵AB = AC ,∴∠C =∠ABC = 72°, …………5分 ∴∠A= 36°,∴∠BDC =∠A+∠ABD = 36° + 36° = 72°. …………6分 22. 解:(1)观察条形统计图,可知这组样本数据的平均数是 _x =50551841737231⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯ =3.3, …………1分∴这组样本数据的平均数是3.3. …………2分∵在这组样本数据中,4出现了18次,出现的次数最多, ∴这组数据的众数是4. …………4分∵将这组样本数据按从小到大的顺序排列,其中处在中间的两个数都是3,有233+ = 3. ∴这组数据的中位数是3. ………………6分(2)∵这组数据的平均数是3.3,∴估计全校1200人参加活动次数的总体平均数是3.3,有3.3×1200 = 3900. ∴该校学生共参加活动约3960次. ………………8分 23. 解:在Rt △BDC 中,∠BDC = 90°,BC = 63米,∠BCD = 30°, ∴DC = BC ·cos30° ……………………1分= 63×23= 9, ……………………2分 ∴DF = DC + CF = 9 + 1 = 10,…………………3分 ∴GE = DF = 10. …………………4分 在Rt △BGE 中,∠BEG = 20°, ∴BG = CG ·tan20° …………………5分 =10×0.36=3.6, …………………6分 在Rt △AGE 中,∠AEG = 45°,∴AG = GE = 10, ……………………7分 ∴AB = AG – BG = 10 - 3.6 = 6.4.答:树AB 的高度约为6.4米. ……………8分24. 解(1)如图,连接OA ,则OA ⊥AP. ………………1分∵MN ⊥AP ,∴MN ∥OA. ………………2分 ∵OM ∥AP ,∴四边形ANMO 是矩形.∴OM = AN. ………………3分(2)连接OB ,则OB ⊥AP ,∵OA = MN ,OA = OB ,OM ∥BP , ∴OB = MN ,∠OMB =∠NPM.∴Rt △OBM ≌Rt △MNP. ………………5分 ∴OM = MP.设OM = x ,则NP = 9- x . ………………6分在Rt △MNP 中,有x 2 = 32+(9- x )2.∴x = 5. 即OM = 5 …………… 8分25. 解:(1)设A 型每套x 元,则B 型每套(x + 40)元. …………… 1分 ∴4x + 5(x + 40)=1820. ……………………………………… 2分∴x = 180,x + 40 = 220.即购买一套A 型课桌凳和一套B 型课桌凳各需180元、220元. ……………3分(2)设购买A 型课桌凳a 套,则购买B 型课桌凳(200 - a )套.a ≤32(200 - a ), ∴ …………… 4分 180 a + 220(200- a )≤40880.解得78≤a ≤80. …………… 5分∵a 为整数,∴a = 78,79,80∴共有3种方案. ………………6分 设购买课桌凳总费用为y 元,则y = 180a + 220(200 - a )=-40a + 44000. …………… 7分 ∵-40<0,y 随a 的增大而减小,∴当a = 80时,总费用最低,此时200- a =120. …………9分 即总费用最低的方案是:购买A 型80套,购买B 型120套. ………………10分2014年中考数学模拟试题(二)一、选择题1、 数1,5,0,2-中最大的数是()A 、1-B 、5C 、0D 、2 2、9的立方根是()A 、3±B 、3C 、39±D 、393、已知一元二次方程2430x x -+=的两根1x 、2x ,则12x x +=()A 、4B 、3C 、-4D 、-3 4、如图是某几何题的三视图,下列判断正确的是() A 、几何体是圆柱体,高为2 B 、几何体是圆锥体,高为2 C 、几何体是圆柱体,半径为2 D 、几何体是圆柱体,半径为2 5、若a b >,则下列式子一定成立的是()A 、0a b +>B 、0a b ->C 、0ab >D 、0ab> 6、如图AB ∥DE ,∠ABC=20°,∠BCD=80°,则∠CDE=() A 、20° B 、80° C 、60° D 、100°7、已知AB 、CD 是⊙O 的直径,则四边形ACBD 是() A 、正方形 B 、矩形 C 、菱形 D 、等腰梯形 8、不等式组302x x +>⎧⎨-≥-⎩的整数解有()A 、0个B 、5个C 、6个D 、无数个 9、已知点1122(,),(,)A x y B x y 是反比例函数2y x=图像上的点,若120x x >>, 则一定成立的是()A 、120y y >>B 、120y y >>C 、120y y >>D 、210y y >>10、如图,⊙O 和⊙O ′相交于A 、B 两点,且OO ’=5,OA=3, O ’B =4,则AB=( ) A 、5 B 、2.4 C 、2.5 D 、4.8 二、填空题11、正五边形的外角和为 12、计算:3m m -÷= 13、分解因式:2233x y -=14、如图,某飞机于空中A 处探测到目标C ,此时飞行高度AC=1200米,从飞机上看地面控制点B的俯角20α=︒,则飞机A 到控制点B 的距离约为 。
2015年中考模拟及答案
2015年中考模拟(满分100分)一. 选择填空(共15分, 每小题1分)( )1. Mrs. Green has 18-year-old daughter who is studying in university in Beijing.A. a; anB. an; aC. a; theD. the; an( )2. —I think animals shouldn’t be kept in such small cages.— I agree you. And I’m building zoos.A. on; againstB. with; forC. with; againstD. to; for( )3. This is not my bag. It’s . Mine is on the chair.A. myB. yourC. himD. hers( )4. — Do you live by yourself, Grandpa?— Yes. I have two daughters and a son. But of them lives with me.A. noneB. neitherC. allD. either( )5. The foreigners don’t like to be too close to one another, there is a special reason.A. untilB. unlessC. whenD. if( )6. The lion is regarded as king of animals. It is a of courage and power.A. markB. symbolC. showD. description( )7. — Is Peter any better today, Helen?— I think so. His temperature seems now.A. goodB. wellC. normalD. special( )8. Drivers wear seat belts while their cars are running on the road.A. needB. canC. mustD. may( )9. Don’t take too much medicine. I you to ask your doctor for further information.A. adviseB. preventC. suggestD. invite( )10. —I can’t find Joe’s name on the list.— He has been away from the club for half a month. So I his name from the list two days ago.A. addedB. deletedC. cutD. took( )11. — I can hardly see the words on the blackboard.—Well, let’s go and take the front seats so that we may see .A. clearB. clearerC. more clearlyD. the most clearly( )12. When they looked through the window, they saw a boy behind a tree.A. hiddenB. hidesC. hidingD. to hide( )13. I’m sorry I missed your call. I a shower and I didn’t hear the phone ring.A. hadB. was havingC. had hadD. have had( )14. — My sister is writing an important report. But it is so noisy.— Oh, I see. She has to work quiet.A. everywhereB. anywhereC. nowhereD. somewhere( )15. — You won first prize in the math competition?—I always fail in math tests.A. Why not?B. You’re kidding!C. Good idea!D. Sounds great!二. 完形填空(共10分, 每小题1分)Mr Brown is a doctor. One afternoon, while he was reading a magazine at home, he received a16 from his wife who worked in a supermarket. A child was in need of immediate help. Mr Brown was very 17 . He needed to help the child as soon as possible, but his car went wrong on the way. He got out of it and decided to take a taxi. 18 , it was the busiest time of the day. Suddenly, Mr Brown saw a man who stopped his car in front of a 19 . Mr Brown rushed to the man and asked whether he 20 use his car. To Mr Brown’s surprise, the man21 his car to Mr Brown without saying anything. Mr Brown drove to the supermarket22 . There he saw a mother holding a baby, whose face had turned purple. Mr Brown carefully hit him on the back. 23 spitting (吐) a button out, the child looked much better.After that, Mr Brown drove the car to the bookstore. He went into it and gave the car 24 to the man. Before he said something, the man took Mr Brown’s hands and said, “Sir, thank you very much. The baby you 25 fifteen minutes ago is my son. My wife called and told me what had happened. Thank you so much.”( )16. A. gift B. prizeC. callD. letter( )17. A. excited B. worriedC. relaxedD. bored( )18. A. Anyway B. AlsoC. InsteadD. However( )19. A. park B. bookstoreC. bankD. supermarket( )20. A. should B. mustC. couldD. need( )21. A. brought B. lentC. soldD. passed( )22. A. fast B. angrilyC. sadlyD. carefully( )23. A. When B. WhileC. AfterD. Before( )24. A. key B. doorC. phoneD. window( )25. A. called B. foundC. lovedD. saved三. 阅读理解阅读下列短文,然后根据其内容选择正确答案。
2015中考模拟试卷数学卷和答案
2015年中考模拟试卷数学卷和答案
2015年中考模拟试卷数学卷
考生须知:
1.本试卷分试题卷和答题卷两部分,满分120分,考试时间100分钟。
2.答题时,应该在答题卷指定位置内写明校名,姓名和准考证号。
3.所有答案都必须做在答题卷标定的位置上,请务必注意试题序号和答题序号相对应。
4.考试结束后,上交试题卷和答题卷
试题卷
一、仔细选一选(本题有10个小题,每小题3分,共30分)
下面每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个是正确的,请把正确选项前的字母填在答题卷中相应的格子内.注意可以用多种不同的方法来选取正确答案.
1.如果,那么,两个实数一定是()
A.一正一负
B.相等的数
C.互为相反数
D.互为倒数
2.下列调查适合普查的是()
A.调查2011年3月份市场上西湖龙井茶的质量
B.了解萧山电视台188热线的收视率情况
C.网上调查萧山人民的生活幸福指数
D.了解全班同学身体健康状况
3.函数,一次函数和正比例函数之间的包含关系是()
4.已知下列命题:①同位角相等;②若a0,则;③对角线相等且互相垂直的四边形是正方形;④抛物线y=x2-2x与坐标轴有3个不同交点;⑤边长相等的多边形内角都相等。
从中任选一个命题是真命题的概率为()
A.B.C.D.
精心整理,仅供学习参考。
中考九年级语文下册5第五单元(B卷提升卷解析版)
第五单元同步检测卷(B卷提升篇)(解析版)(全卷共三个大题,满分100分,考试时间90分钟)一、基础知识与运用(30分)1.下列加点字注音有误的一项是()(2分)A.幌.子(huǎng)耷.拉(dā)老匾.(biǎn)窝囊.(nang)B.拨.拉(bō)鼎.盛(dīn)行.头(xíng)砧.板(zhēn)C.撂.杆(liào)煞.白(shà)遛.弯(liù)嬉.笑(xī)D.怯懦.(nuò)幛.子(zhàng)拾掇.(duo)捣.蛋(dǎo)【答案】B【解析】本题主要考查重点字的读音。
学生需要掌握重点字词的读音。
本题中注音有误的一项是B,鼎盛(dǐng)不是鼎盛(dīn)。
2.下列句子中的加点词语使用不正确的一项是()(2分)A.沉淀了数百年历史的甲秀楼,雕梁画栋....,古韵长存。
B.这样的事,有如大海捞针,你另请高明....好了。
C.为纪念中国话剧百年诞辰,话剧界一些前辈粉墨登场....,重新排演了《雷雨》等景点剧目。
D.5月9日,美国总统特朗普宣布美国终止参与伊朗核问题全面协议,引起了赫赫扬扬....的世界舆论。
【答案】D【解析】本题主要考查成语的运用,学生需要积累常见的成语的含义。
“赫赫扬扬”是形容兴旺显赫,与语境不符。
3.下列句子没有语病的一项是()(2分)A.为了实现中华民族的伟大复兴,我们中学生要继承和发扬艰苦奋斗的光荣传统。
B.央视《朗读者》节日得到观众的广泛好评,是因为其形式新颖、文化内涵丰富的缘故。
C.在阅读文学名著的过程中,使我明白了许多微做人的道理,感悟了人生的真谛。
D.中关贸易战的停战,不仅有利于世界经济稳步回升,而且有利于中美两国经济稳定发展。
【答案】A【解析】本题主要考查病句修改。
B项:句式杂糅,删掉“因为”或“的缘故”。
C项:缺少主语,删掉“使”。
D项:语序不当,不能构成递进关系,改为“不仅有利于中美两国经济稳定发展,而且有利于世界经济稳步回升。
2015年北京中考一模五选五试题及答案
朝阳一模Kevin Pearce, snowboard athlete (运动员), has come a long way since his accident on December 31, 2009.56 ,,when he fell and hurt his head. Luckily, he was wearing a helmet (头盔). 57 . He stayed in hospital for four months. He still can‟t remember several weeks of his life after the accident.Today, Pearce is still working hard to get his health back to 100%. 58 . A year ago, he couldn‟t walk straight. Now, he can not only walk, but he can also drive again.Pearce says he must thank his fans, his friends and especially his family. His parents and elder brothers have been by his side since the accident. 59 . He said he couldn‟t have got well so quickly without them.These days, Pearce is back on the snowboarding circuit (巡回比赛). 60 . He is on the road again and it is a丰台一模A new pet shop called Turtle Dove opened on First Street. It sold two kinds of animals. 56 , Bill and Bob. They moved here from the northern California, where they owned an ant farm store. That store was so successful that they sold it after four years and got a lot of money.They took it easy for a few years. Traveling through the state. “We visited almost every zoo in the country, 57 , and partly because we were looking for support for our next business,” said Bill. They finally decided on turtles and doves(白鸽). “They‟re easy to feed and care for, 58 .” said Bob.The store will be open from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. Wednesdays through Saturdays. “We think those are hours that our customers will find very convenient. What‟s more, the three days off gives us a chance to go into the woods and find more little animals. 59 , we always try to collect them from the wild. That way our customers can save more money. Of course, by removing these animals from the nature, we protect them from being eaten by their nature enemies. So our customers are happy, our animals are happy, 60 .It‟s a win-win for all of us.”石景山一模High school life can be terrible if you get it all wrong. Find out how to survive high school with a few easy tips.◆56. ________.High school is a fun time to make new friends and meet new people. Make friends with all kinds of people and not just a group which you are comfortable with. Socialize, but by judging who you can connect to. You will find friends, but stay away from the ones who don‟t want to be your friends.◆Be yourself.Do your own things, and don‟t just follow others. 57. ________. Just be yourself and create a strong self-image.◆Be positive (积极的).There is nothing better than having a smile on your face whenever you can. 58. ________. Just be brave enough to meet new people or do something you‟ve never tried. Meanwhile, respect your teachers and classmates and try to be helpful if you want the same in return.◆Be confident.When you believe in yourself, others will believe in you. 59. ________. And people respect you for that. Make sure you won‟t easily get influenced by others.◆Love high school.60. ________. Make the most out of it, and you will never get those moments back. Come up with funny ideas, top顺义一模What a day通州一模西城一模Following Their DreamsFlorence lived in the countryside of Kenya (肯尼亚)in Africa. When she was 12, she wanted nothing more than to finish school. But for many girls like her, school is not a choice.___56___. Families will probably spend money educating boys. Many girls are forced to marry.___57___. It was Beads for Education, started by Lisa Stevens, that helped realize her dream. Beads has provided many girls with the best education possible. Florence was the first of 320 Kenyan girls in third grade.___58___. During her visit, she heard that many women made and sold baskets. They used the money to send their daughters to school. Two years later, she started to help sell the Kenyan crafts in the U. S. In 1998, Stevens began helping girls continue their education.___59___. In January, 2015, she opened the fourth one. "I want to provide the girls with the best education possible and prepare them for college and beyond," Stevens said.The new high school is named Tembea, which means "to walk". Florence is walking toward a bright future. ___60___ . "Florence is the first in her family to finish high school and college," says Stevens. "She is an example for all girls in Kenya."东城一模Doctors in Germany have warned people that headbanging could be bad for your health. __________ (56). Dancers shake their heads ba ck to front, and from side to side, very quickly.Doctors say this would injure(伤害) the brain. __________ (57). The man had no history of head injuries but had been headbanging for many years.He began to have bad headaches after going to a heavy metal concert. __________ (58) They gave him a brain scan(扫描) and found bleeding in his brain. He needed an operation to repair it. Doctors made a hole in his brain to take out some blood. __________ (59) Doctors said the risk of injury to the brain from headbanging is low and heavy metal fans do not need to stop doing the dance completely. The head doctor, Ariyan Pirayesh, said: "We are not against headbanging. Rock 'n'roll will never die. __________ (60). We just think if our patient had gone to a classical (古典的) concert,this would not have happened."海淀一模The Same But DifferentMaggie and Sarah are twin sisters. They were born just a few minutes apart,and they look exactly alike. They both have blonde hair and green eyes.56 . Sometimes other students at school have a hard time telling them apart.Maggie and Sarah like going to the same school. This is because they are notjust twin sisters, but best friends too. They have a lot in common. 57 . Bothgirls spend a lot of time together with their family, and they both like to play withtheir dog, Callie.58 . Maggie likes to play sports. She is on a soccer team and a basketball team. Sarah doesn‟t really like sports. She likes to dance.There are other differences between them too. 59 . Maggie likes to read mystery books, but Sarah likes to read books about animals. Maggie gets better grades in reading and Spanish, but Sarah gets better grades in math and science.Everyone is different in her or his own way. Maggie and Sarah like being different from each other as much as they like being similar. 60 .A. That is what makes them specialB. They are around the same height as wellC. But Maggie and Sarah are also ve ry differentD. Maggie likes the color red, but Sarah likes the color greenE. Both girls enjoy a lot of the same television shows, books, and food房山一模It is a very common thing for a person to have a good friend. My good friend is Diana. She is a rich and proud girl. 56 . So nobody wants to be her friend.One day after school, I was waiting for Diana when Jane came up to me. She gave me a biscuit. I accepted it. 57 , and had very good time. From then on, I began to spend more time with Jane than with Diana. I felt a little uneasy.After a few days, I went to see Diana for a good talk when Jane came and sat with me. She offered me a sandwich. 58 . She walked away. I was angry with Diana for being so rude and thoughtless.“Never mind,” Jane said, “I‟m used to it .”After school, I tried to catch up with Diana. 59 , but she would not listen to me. She said, “Go and join your …dear‟ Jane. I know you make new friends and forget the old ones.”For the next few weeks, we did not talk to each other. Then , one day, Diana came to Jane and me, saying, “I‟m really sorry about what I did. I‟m a spoiled(宠坏) girl, but I also need good friends just like you. Would you please forgive me?” Jane and I looked at each other and smiled.60 .A.We talked and jokedB.She often thinks that she is too good for anyoneC.While walking home, I tried to correct her attitudeD.She also offered one to Diana , but Diana refused itE.From then on, Diana , Jane and I have been best friends怀柔一模If asked to recite a poem right now, which one would first come to mind? Most of you may say Jing Ye Si (Thoughts in the Silent Night). 56. As one of the most famous Chinese poems, almost every Chinese kid has learned it at school and can recite it.57. To remember World Poetry Day every March 21, the UN issues (发行) a set of six stamps that have six poems in six major languages. This year, Jing Ye Si is one of them.According to the UN, each theme(主题)shows a universal truth —the fading of time, forgiveness, longing (渴望), love, wisdom, and nature.Jing Ye Si is a poem with one of the above themes. 58. And it is catchy and easy for readers to understand the writer‟s longing for his home.The poem was written more than a thousand years ago. 59. Chen Bo, 14, from Inner Mongolia is now st udying in Guangzhou, a city far from his hometown. “Sometimes when I think of my hometown, I remember this poem,” he said.60. Here is a translation by Chinese translators Yang Xianyi and his wife Gladys Yang: “Beside my bed a pool of light —Is it hoarfrost (霜) on the ground? I lift my eyes and see the moon, I bend my head and think of home.” Do you like it?门头沟一模Chinese love to eat because food is thought to be the most important way to communicate. So some people often order so many dishes that they can‟t eat them up. Chinese government asks the public not to waste food anytime. 56 .The managers of some restaurants are doing what they can to help people to reduce (减少) food waste.57 , the waiters should remind them to reduce the number of dishes kindly, or the waiters should ask them to take the leftover with them.Zhong Li, a famous woman, said,“58 , even sometimes we can order a half so that we won‟t waste.” Once Zhong Li ordered half a Beijing Duck and some vegetables. She believed that saving food didn‟t mean losing face.59 . We call it “cleaning the plates”. Xu Jun has done it for years. He said, “60 . However, many people have thrown away a whole chicken or fish.” Cleaning the plates is not only to save food, but also to protect the environment and our health.门头沟一模My mother is a diligent and kind woman. She is very busy from morning till night. As a teacher, sheworks hard. 56 .Both my brother and I love her dearly as she loves us.My mother has been teaching math at a middle school in my hometown. She goes to work early in the morning and does not return home until late in the afternoon. 57 . She treats them with patience and teaches them well. For her excellent quality and very good teaching results, she has been elected as a model teacher several times.58 . Every day, when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in good order. 59 . As she has been very busy working every day, she looks older than her age. But she looks as cheerful and happy as ever. Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself, but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us. She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals.She just eats a plain meal outside when she is too busy to cook herself. She lives a busy yet simple life, without any complaints.Ofte n she says to us, “Work whi le you work, and play while you play. That is the way to be happy and gay. If you do not work, you will become lazy and be of no use to society”. What a piece of good advice thisis!60 .This advice of hers will always serve as a guide to my behavior. My mother is great indeed, and I always feel proud of her.燕山一模Water rides — Something that really attracts you!The water rides are the most popular rides. 56__ The boat slides down very fast into the water! You can buy your ticket before you go to the theme park. Then you do not have to stand in a long line. 57 _ If more than 10 people go to the theme park together, it costs less. There is a ticket machine beside each ride. You can stand in line for your turn. Or you can take a ticket that gives a time you can go on that ride. Then you can do something else while you are waiting.58__ This is because when you are scared, your knuckles become white! It is a strange idea to pay more money to be scared, but many people do that because they want to enjoy the excitement of the rides! Sometimes they laugh and scream! At the theme parks, there are special rides for young children. Of course, the children‟s rides are not fast or high or scary. 59__ The children are safe when they sit inside the teacups and the ride goes around very slowly.Sometimes there are animals like rabbits and sheep for children to see at a theme park. So there are lots to do and see. You will sleep very well after you have been to a theme park for the day! 60__ Or would you be too scared? Do you think that your mother and father would enjoy this ride?答案朝阳DCABE 丰台CDEBA 西城AEBCD 东城EDCBA 海淀BECDA 房山BADCE 怀柔ECADB 门头沟CAEDB 平谷EACDB 燕山BADEC。
2015年数学中考模拟试题及答案5
2015年数学中考模拟试题(三)班级___________姓名_____________成绩___________一.选择题(每小题4分,共32分)下列各小题均有四个答案,其中只有一个是正确的,将正确答案的代号字母填入题后括号内。
一、选择题:(每小题3分,共36分) 1.下列计算正确的是( D ) A .623a a a ÷= B .()122--=C .()236326x x x -=-· D .()0π31-=2.若关于x 的一元二次方程2210nx x --=无实数根,则一次函数(1)y n x n =+-的图象不经过( C )A .第一象限 B .第二象限 C .第三象限 D .第四象限 3.下列说法正确的是( D )A .6的平方根是6B .对角线相等的四边形是矩形C .两个底角相等的梯形一定是等腰梯形D .近似数0.270有3个有效数字4.不等式组⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥--+2321123x ,x x >的解集在数轴上表示正确的是( A )5.如图,上下底面为全等的正六边形礼盒,其正视图与侧视图均由矩形构成,正视图中大矩形边长如图所示,侧视图中包含两全等的矩形,如果用彩色胶带如图包扎礼盒,所需胶带长度至少为( C )A .320cmB .395.24 cmC .431.76 cmD .480 cm6.如图所示的44⨯正方形网格中,1234567∠+∠+∠+∠+∠+∠+∠=( B ) A .330° B .315° C .310° D.320°7.如图,⊙O 的内接多边形周长为3 ,⊙O 的外切多边形周长为 3.4,则下列各数中与此(A )-31 0 (B ) -1 3 0 (C ) -3 1 0 (D ) -1 3 0 第6题图 7 6 5 432 1 O y x 1x =(30)A , 第8题图 实物图 正视图 俯视图 20cm 20cm 60cm 第5题图 (第7题)O圆的周长最接近的是( C )A .6B .8C .10D .178.如图所示是二次函数2y ax bx c =++图象的一部分,图象过A 点(3,0),二次函数图象对称轴为1x =,给出四个结论:①24b ac >;②0bc <;③20a b +=;④0a b c ++=,其中正确结论是( B )A .②④ B .①③ C .②③D .①④二、填空题(每小题4分,共24分)9.分解因式:ab b a 8)2(2+- =____2)2(b a +________. 10. 方程(2)(3)20x x ++=的解是 x 1=2,x 2=-7 。
2015年度中考模拟试卷答案doc
绝密★启用前试卷类型:A2015年度中考模拟试卷一答案一、听力测试(共15小题,计15分)1-15 CBCAA CBAAA BAACB二、单项选择(共20小题,计20分)16-35 CBCDA CDCBA BCDBD ABCBC三、阅读理解(共20题,计30分)36-55 CABDB ABBDC BDBDA BCDCD四、听力填表(共5小题,计5分)56. planning your vacation 57. joining a club 58. Tuesday afternoon59. a new family 60. practice/improve English五、动词填空(共10空,计10分)61.attracted 62.was placed 63.is 64.to play 65.didn’t go66.to learn 67.to improve 68.has got 69.trying 70.working六、综合填空(共10空,计10分)71. understand 72. meeting 73. expect 74. arrive 75. language76. found 77. example 78. prefer 79. each 80. before七、阅读表达(共5题,计10分)81.Yes you could 82. Text messaging ,Using a computer keyboard and playing video games 83.但是科学家们发现发送短信可能会引起手方面的疾病84.随着手机的发展,手机正变得越来越小. 85. Be careful not to send too many text messages, or you’ll get some problems with your hands.八、书面表达(共1题,计20分)Dongying is now making its effort to become a national civilized city. As students, what should we do?We must respect our teachers and be polite to others. We should also help those who are in need and be friendly to the people around us. Besides, we must obey the traffic rules. When crossing the streets, weshould walk on the zebr a crossing. And we mustn’t go across the street when the traffic lights are red.What’s more, we should protect our environment. For example, We mustn’t step on the grass and climb trees.Litter mustn’t be thrown everywhere.Dongying is our hometown. Let’s try our best to make it a civilized city and more and more beautiful.2015年度中考模拟试卷二答案一、听力测试(共15小题,计15分)1-15 ACBAC CBAAB CCBBC二、单项选择(共20小题,计20分)16-35 BDADC DDACB CABAA BADCD三、阅读理解(共20题,计30分)36-55. D A C B D BCDAB CCBDC DCBDB四、听力填表(共5小题,计5分)56. Nine /9 57. easy 58. four/4 59. sad and angry60. not so perfect / grow up / stop complaining / move forward in life or: He is not so perfect /He isgrowing up / He stops complaining / He moves forward in his life五、动词填空(共10空,计10分)61.keeping 62. to join 63. were 64. be used 65. to take66. said 67. should remember 68. being 69 .were 70. have lost六、综合填空(共10空,计10分)71. both 72. top 73. been/become 74. dangerous 75. die76. afraid 77.alone/again 78. while 79. warm 80. dead/dying七、阅读表达(共5题,计10分)81. You should say ―Thank you!‖ 82. When we have told a lie and feel sorry, we will have to use the sameword. 83.请人做事而不说―请‖没有礼貌。
黑龙江省哈尔滨地区2015中考模拟(五)数学试题答案
数学五参考答案一.BCCAC CDBBB二.11.3.5×106 12.x ≠2 13.23 14.m(n+3)2 15.6 16.x >2 17.54 18. 32 19. 324或3172 20. 13 三.21.21+x ;x=3-2;原式=33 22.MG=1023.(1)120 (2)C 36 D 12 (3)450份24.(1)证明:∵E 是AD 的中点∴AE=DE∵EF=CE ∠AEF =∠CED∴△AEF ≌△CED∴∠AFE =∠DCE∴AF //CB∵AF=BD∴四边形AFBD 是平行四边形(2)平行四边形AFGE 、GBDE 、ARDH 、RHDB 、RHCD25. (1) 解:设A 种文具的单价为x 元42402360+⨯=x x X=12检验:当X=12时,x(x+4)≠0,所以X=12是原方程的解答:A 种文具的单价为12元.(2)解:设学校购买A 种文具数量有a 件12a+16(200-a )≤2820a ≥95答:学校购买A 种文具数量至少有95件.26(1) ∵A 、D 、C 、E 在⊙O 上∴∠DCE+∠DAE =1800∵∠FAE+∠DAE =180∴∠DCE =∠FAE∵DE =EC∴∠EDC =∠DCE∴∠FAE =∠EDC∵弧CE =弧CE∴∠EAC =∠EDC=∠FAE∴∠FAC =2∠FAE =2∠EDC .(2) ∵∠HCD =∠ACE∴∠HCA =∠DCE又由(1)知∠DCE=∠CDE=∠EAC∴∠EAC =∠HCD∴AB //CH∴∠H=∠HEA∵BC//AD∴∠B =∠EAF∵∠H =∠EAC=∠EAF∴∠B=∠HEA∴EH //BC∴四边形BCHE 是平行四边形∴CH=BE(3) 过点C 作CM ⊥AB 于M∴∠CMB =900∵BC =2BE设BE =x 则BC =2x在Rt △CMB 中 ∵CosB =BC BM =53 ∴BM =53BC =56x ∵BM 2+CM 2=BC 2∴CM =58x ME =BM-BE =56x-x =51x 在Rt △CME 中 CM 2+CE 2=CE2 ∴CE=565 x ∵弧CE =弧CE ∴∠EDC =∠CAB ∵∠B =∠EDC∴∠B =∠CAB ∴ CA =CB∵CM ⊥AB∴BM =21AB ∵AE =7 BE =x BM =56x ∴56x =21(7+x) ∴x =5∴ED =CE =565×5=27. (1) 322+--=x x y , (2)H(-3,0)(3) Q(32,2+--t t t ),PE=222+--t t ,PQ=t+1, ∵△TNE ∽△QPE ,∴PE EN PQTN = ∴2212+--+=⋅=t t t PE PQ EN TN ,∵∠QBD=∠QMP ,tan ∠QBD=BD QD , tan ∠QMP=MP PQ, ∴MP PQ LD QD =, ∴1)4(+-=⋅=t y y PQ MP QD LD Q Q , ∴1)1)(22(1)1()4(222++-+-=++--=-=t t t t t t y y ND LD LN Q Q , ∴22222)1(2211)1)(22(PQ t t t t t t t t TN LN =+=+--+⋅++-+-=⋅。
2015中考模拟考试试题数学科参考答案
2014—2015学年度第二学期综合测试九年级数学参考答案一、选择题(本题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分):1B 、 2B 、 3C 、 4C 、 5D 、 6A ; 7B 、 8D 、 9D 、 10B二、填空题(本题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分):11; 12、26(1)x +; 13、120; 14、12y x =- ; 15、42°; 16、4123π-三、解答题(本题共3小题,每小题6分,共18分):17、解:原式=2(1)12(1)(1)2x x x x x x x +-⨯-++-+……………………………………………………2分 =122x x x x +-++ ……………………………………………………3分 =12x + ……………………………………………………4分……………………………………………………5分…………………………………6分(解答到此给6分)1……………………(试卷讲评时要求分母有理化至最简结果)19、解:(1)作图(略)给分说明:作对一条线段得1分,作对∠C 得1分,作对△ABC 得1分,本问满分4分。
(2)过点A 作AD ⊥BC 于点D在△ACD 中,sin sin AD AC C b β=∠=∠ ………………………………………………5分∴△ABC的面积:111sin 642222S BC AD a b β===⨯⨯⨯= ……………………6分21、(1)样本平均数是__2.6___万元; ……………………………………………………2分(2)根据样本平均数估计这个商场四月份的月营业额约为___78__万元; ………………3分(3)解:设每月营业额增长率为x ,依题意,得方程:………………………………………4分 278(1)78(1)18.72x x +-+= ……………………………………………………5分 化简,得:2-0.24=0x x + 配方,得:2+0.5)0.49x =( 解得:120.2, 1.2x x ==-(舍去) ……………………………………………………6分 答:每月营业额增长率是20%。
2015届中考模拟试卷附答案
2015届中考模拟试卷一、选择题(每小题3分,共21分)1.计算的结果是( )A.﹣2 B.2 C.﹣4 D.42.资料显示,“五•一”全国实现旅游收入约463亿元,用科学记数法表示463亿这个数是( )A.463×108B.4.63×108C.4.63×1010D.0.463×10113.函数y=中,自变量x的取值范围为( )A.x>B.x≠C.x≠且x≠0 D.x<4.若x>y,则下列式子中错误的是( )A.x﹣3>y﹣3 B.x+3>y+3 C.﹣3x>﹣3y D.>5.下列方程没有实数根的是( )A.x2+4x=10 B.3x2+8x﹣3=0 C.x2﹣2x+3=0 D.(x﹣2)(x﹣3)=12 6.如图是一个正方体被截去一角后得到的几何体,它的俯视图是()A.B.C.D.7.二次函数y=ax2+b(b>0)与反比例函数y=在同一坐标系中的图象可能是( )A.B.C.D.二、填空题(每小题3分,共21分)8.分解因式:a2﹣4a=__________.9.若﹣2x m﹣n y2与3x4y2m+n是同类项,则m﹣3n的立方根是__________.10.不等式组的解集是__________.11.为了估计湖里有多少条鱼,我们从湖里捕上100条做上标记,然后放回湖里,经过一段时间待带标记的鱼完全混合于鱼群中后,第二次捕得200条,发现其中带标记的鱼8条,通过这种调查方式,我们可以估计湖里有鱼__________条.12.将量角器按如图所示的方式放置在三角形纸板上,使点C在半圆上.点A、B的读数分别为86°、30°,则∠ACB的大小为__________.13.如图,将△ABC放在每个小正方形的边长为1的网格中,点A、B、C均落在格点上,用一个圆面去覆盖△ABC,能够完全覆盖这个三角形的最小圆面的半径是__________.14.若直线y=m(m为常数)与函数y=的图象恒有三个不同的交点,则常数m的取值范围是__________.三、解答题(共10小题,共78分)15.计算:.16.张凯同学到邮局买了两种型号的信封,共30个,其中买A型号的信封用了3元,买B 型号的信封用了2元4角,其中B型号的信封每个比A型号的信封便宜4分.两种型号的信封的单价各是多少?17.如图,正方形ABCD中,点E在对角线AC上,连接EB、ED.(1)求证:△BCE≌△DCE;(2)延长BE交AD于点F,若∠DEB=140°,求∠AFE的度数.18.如图,已知双曲线y=﹣与两直线y=﹣x,y=﹣kx(k>0,且k≠)分别相交于A、B、C、D四点.(1)当点C的坐标为(﹣1,1)时,A、B、D三点坐标分别是A(__________,__________),B(__________,__________),D(__________,__________).(2)证明:以点A、D、B、C为顶点的四边形是平行四边形.(3)当k为何值时,▱ADBC是矩形.19.在一个不透明的布袋里装有4个完全相同的标有数字1、2、3、4的小球.小明从布袋里随机取出一个小球,记下数字为x,小红从布袋里剩下的小球中随机取出一个,记下数字为y.计算由x、y确定的点(x,y)在函数y=﹣x+5的图象上的概率.20.如图:已知AB是⊙O的直径,BC是⊙O的切线,OC与⊙O相交于点D,连接AD并延长,与BC相交于点E.(1)若BC=,CD=1,求⊙O的半径;(2)取BE的中点F,连接DF,求证:DF是⊙O的切线.21.“知识改变命运,科技繁荣祖国”.我区中小学每年都要举办一届科技比赛.如图为我区某校2011年参加科技比赛(包括电子百拼、航模、机器人、建模四个类别)的参赛人数统计图(1)该校参加机器人、建模比赛的人数分别是__________人和__________人;(2)该校参加科技比赛的总人数是__________人,电子百拼所在扇形的圆心角的度数是__________°,并把条形统计图补充完整;(3)从全区中小学参加科技比赛选手中随机抽取80人,其中有32人获奖.今年我区中小学参加科技比赛人数共有2485人,请你估算今年参加科技比赛的获奖人数约是多少人?22.如图,一台起重机,他的机身高AC为21m,吊杆AB长为40m,吊杆与水平线的夹角∠BAD可从30°升到80°.求这台起重机工作时,吊杆端点B离地面CE的最大高度和离机身AC的最大水平距离(结果精确到0.1m)(参考数据:sin80°≈0.98,cos80°≈0.17,tan33°≈5.67).23.某店因为经营不善欠下38400元的无息贷款的债务,想转行经营服装专卖店又缺少资金.“中国梦想秀”栏目组决定借给该店30000元资金,并约定利用经营的利润偿还债务(所有债务均不计利息).已知该店代理的品牌服装的进价为每件40元,该品牌服装日销售量y (件)与销售价x(元/件)之间的关系可用图中的一条折线(实线)来表示.该店应支付员工的工资为每人每天82元,每天还应支付其它费用为106元(不包含债务).(1)求日销售量y(件)与销售价x(元/件)之间的函数关系式;(2)若该店暂不考虑偿还债务,当某天的销售价为48元/件时,当天正好收支平衡(收人=支出),求该店员工的人数;(3)若该店只有2名员工,则该店最早需要多少天能还清所有债务,此时每件服装的价格应定为多少元?24.如图,抛物线与x轴交于A(x1,0),B(x2,0)两点,且x1>x2,与y轴交于点C(0,4),其中x1,x2是方程x2﹣2x﹣8=0的两个根.(1)求这条抛物线的解析式;(2)点P是线段AB上的动点,过点P作PE∥AC,交BC于点E,连接CP,当△CPE的面积最大时,求点P的坐标;(3)探究:若点Q是抛物线对称轴上的点,是否存在这样的点Q,使△QBC成为等腰三角形?若存在,请直接写出所有符合条件的点Q的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.一、选择题(每小题3分,共21分)1.计算的结果是( )A.﹣2 B.2 C.﹣4 D.4考点:二次根式的性质与化简.分析:直接利用二次根式的性质化简求出即可.解答:解:=2.故选:B.点评:此题主要考查了二次根式的化简,正确利用二次根式的性质得出是解题关键.2.资料显示,“五•一”全国实现旅游收入约463亿元,用科学记数法表示463亿这个数是( )A.463×108B.4.63×108C.4.63×1010D.0.463×1011考点:科学记数法—表示较大的数.分析:科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式,其中1≤|a|<10,n为整数.确定n的值时,要看把原数变成a时,小数点移动了多少位,n的绝对值与小数点移动的位数相同.当原数绝对值>1时,n是正数;当原数的绝对值<1时,n是负数.解答:解:将463亿用科学记数法表示为:4.63×1010.故选:C.点评:此题考查科学记数法的表示方法.科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式,其中1≤|a|<10,n为整数,表示时关键要正确确定a的值以及n的值.3.函数y=中,自变量x的取值范围为( )A.x>B.x≠C.x≠且x≠0 D.x<考点:函数自变量的取值范围.分析:该函数是分式,分式有意义的条件是分母不等于0,故分母2x﹣3≠0,解得x的范围.解答:解:根据题意得:2x﹣3≠0,解得:x≠.故选B.点评:本题考查的是函数自变量取值范围的求法.函数自变量的范围一般从三个方面考虑:(1)当函数表达式是整式时,自变量可取全体实数;(2)当函数表达式是分式时,考虑分式的分母不能为0;(3)当函数表达式是二次根式时,被开方数为非负数.4.若x>y,则下列式子中错误的是( )A.x﹣3>y﹣3 B.x+3>y+3 C.﹣3x>﹣3y D.>考点:不等式的性质.分析:根据不等式的性质:不等式两边加(或减)同一个数(或式子),不等号的方向不变;不等式两边乘(或除以)同一个正数,不等号的方向不变;不等式两边乘(或除以)同一个负数,不等号的方向改变.可得答案.解答:解:A、不等式的两边都减3,不等号的方向不变,故A正确;B、不等式的两边都加3,不等号方向不变,故B正确;C、不等式的两边都乘﹣3,不等号的方向改变,故C错误;D、不等式的两边都除以3,不等号的方向改变,故D正确;故选:C.点评:主要考查了不等式的基本性质.“0”是很特殊的一个数,因此,解答不等式的问题时,应密切关注“0”存在与否,以防掉进“0”的陷阱.不等式的基本性质:不等式两边加(或减)同一个数(或式子),不等号的方向不变;不等式两边乘(或除以)同一个正数,不等号的方向不变;不等式两边乘(或除以)同一个负数,不等号的方向改变.5.下列方程没有实数根的是( )A.x2+4x=10 B.3x2+8x﹣3=0 C.x2﹣2x+3=0 D.(x﹣2)(x﹣3)=12考点:根的判别式.专题:判别式法.分析:分别计算出判别式△=b2﹣4ac的值,然后根据△的意义分别判断即可.解答:解:A、方程变形为:x2+4x﹣10=0,△=42﹣4×1×(﹣10)=56>0,所以方程有两个不相等的实数根,故A选项不符合题意;B、△=82﹣4×3×(﹣3)=100>0,所以方程有两个不相等的实数根,故B选项不符合题意;C、△=(﹣2)2﹣4×1×3=﹣8<0,所以方程没有实数根,故C选项符合题意;D、方程变形为:x2﹣5x﹣6=0,△=52﹣4×1×(﹣6)=49>0,所以方程有两个不相等的实数根,故D选项不符合题意.故选:C.点评:本题考查了一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=0(a≠0,a,b,c为常数)的根的判别式△=b2﹣4ac.当△>0,方程有两个不相等的实数根;当△=0,方程有两个相等的实数根;当△<0,方程没有实数根.6.如图是一个正方体被截去一角后得到的几何体,它的俯视图是( )A.B.C.D.考点:简单组合体的三视图;截一个几何体.分析:根据俯视图是从上面看到的图形判定则可.解答:解:从上面看,是正方形右边有一条斜线,故选:A.点评:本题考查了三视图的知识,根据俯视图是从物体的上面看得到的视图得出是解题关键.7.二次函数y=ax2+b(b>0)与反比例函数y=在同一坐标系中的图象可能是( )A.B.C.D.考点:二次函数的图象;反比例函数的图象.专题:数形结合.分析:先根据各选项中反比例函数图象的位置确定a的范围,再根据a的范围对抛物线的大致位置进行判断,从而确定该选项是否正确.解答:解:A、对于反比例函数y=经过第二、四象限,则a<0,所以抛物线开口向下,故A选项错误;B、对于反比例函数y=经过第一、三象限,则a>0,所以抛物线开口向上,b>0,抛物线与y轴的交点在x轴上方,故B选项正确;C、对于反比例函数y=经过第一、三象限,则a>0,所以抛物线开口向上,故C选项错误;D、对于反比例函数y=经过第一、三象限,则a>0,所以抛物线开口向上,而b>0,抛物线与y轴的交点在x轴上方,故D选项错误.故选:B.点评:本题考查了二次函数的图象:二次函数y=ax2+bx+c(a、b、c为常数,a≠0)的图象为抛物线,当a>0,抛物线开口向上;当a<0,抛物线开口向下.对称轴为直线x=﹣;与y轴的交点坐标为(0,c).也考查了反比例函数的图象.二、填空题(每小题3分,共21分)8.分解因式:a2﹣4a=a(a﹣4).考点:因式分解-提公因式法.分析:由于原式子中含有公因式a,可用提取公因式法求解.解答:解:a2﹣4a=a(a﹣4).故答案为:a(a﹣4).点评:主要考查提公因式法分解因式,是基础题.9.若﹣2x m﹣n y2与3x4y2m+n是同类项,则m﹣3n的立方根是2.考点:立方根;合并同类项;解二元一次方程组.专题:计算题.分析:根据同类项的定义可以得到m,n的值,继而求出m﹣3n的立方根.解答:解:若﹣2x m﹣n y2与3x4y2m+n是同类项,∴,解方程得:.∴m﹣3n=2﹣3×(﹣2)=8.8的立方根是2.故答案为:2.点评:本题考查了同类项的概念以及立方根的求法,解体的关键是根据定义求出对应m、n 的值.10.不等式组的解集是﹣≤x<4.考点:解一元一次不等式组.分析:首先解每个不等式,两个不等式的解集的公共部分就是不等式组的解集.解答:解:,解①得:x<4,解②得:x≥﹣.则不等式组的解集是:﹣≤x<4.点评:本题考查的是一元一次不等式组的解,解此类题目常常要结合数轴来判断.还可以观察不等式的解,若x>较小的数、<较大的数,那么解集为x介于两数之间.11.为了估计湖里有多少条鱼,我们从湖里捕上100条做上标记,然后放回湖里,经过一段时间待带标记的鱼完全混合于鱼群中后,第二次捕得200条,发现其中带标记的鱼8条,通过这种调查方式,我们可以估计湖里有鱼2500条.考点:用样本估计总体.分析:200条鱼,发现带有记号的鱼只有8条,则可求出带记号的鱼所占的百分比,再根据带记号的总计有100条,即可求得湖里鱼的总条数.解答:解:由题意可得:100÷(8÷200×100%)=2500(条).故答案为:2500.点评:此题考查了用样本估计总体的思想.总体中带记号的鱼所占的百分比约等于样本中带记号的鱼所占的百分比.12.将量角器按如图所示的方式放置在三角形纸板上,使点C在半圆上.点A、B的读数分别为86°、30°,则∠ACB的大小为28°.考点:圆周角定理.专题:计算题.分析:设半圆圆心为O,连OA,OB,则∠AOB=86°﹣30°=56°,根据圆周角定理得∠ACB=∠AOB,即可得到∠ACB的大小.解答:解:设半圆圆心为O,连OA,OB,如图,∵∠ACB=∠AOB,而∠AOB=86°﹣30°=56°,∴∠ACB=×56°=28°.故答案为:28°.点评:本题考查了圆周角定理.在同圆或等圆中,同弧和等弧所对的圆周角相等,一条弧所对的圆周角是它所对的圆心角的一半.13.如图,将△ABC放在每个小正方形的边长为1的网格中,点A、B、C均落在格点上,用一个圆面去覆盖△ABC,能够完全覆盖这个三角形的最小圆面的半径是.考点:三角形的外接圆与外心.专题:网格型.分析:根据题意得出△ABC的外接圆的圆心位置,进而利用勾股定理得出能够完全覆盖这个三角形的最小圆面的半径.解答:解:如图所示:点O为△ABC外接圆圆心,则AO为外接圆半径,故能够完全覆盖这个三角形的最小圆面的半径是:.故答案为:.点评:此题主要考查了三角形的外接圆与外心,得出外接圆圆心位置是解题关键.14.若直线y=m(m为常数)与函数y=的图象恒有三个不同的交点,则常数m的取值范围是0<m<2.考点:二次函数的图象;反比例函数的图象.分析:根据已知解析式画出函数图象,进而得出常数m的取值范围.解答:解:如图所示:当x=2时,y=2,故直线y=m(m为常数)与函数y=的图象恒有三个不同的交点,则常数m的取值范围是:0<m<2.故答案为:0<m<2.点评:此题主要考查了二次函数与反比例函数的图象,利用数形结合得出m的取值范围是解题关键.三、解答题(共10小题,共78分)15.计算:.考点:实数的运算;零指数幂;负整数指数幂.分析:直接利用负整数指数幂的性质和绝对值的性质、零指数幂的性质化简各数进而求出即可.解答:解:原式=3+9+1﹣2=11.点评:此题主要考查了实数运算,正确化简各数是解题关键.16.张凯同学到邮局买了两种型号的信封,共30个,其中买A型号的信封用了3元,买B 型号的信封用了2元4角,其中B型号的信封每个比A型号的信封便宜4分.两种型号的信封的单价各是多少?考点:分式方程的应用.分析:本题中的两个等量关系为“两种型号的信封共30个”和“B型号的信封每个比A型号的信封便宜3分”,根据这两个等量关系可以设出未知数并列出方程.解答:解:设A型号信封单价是x分,依题意得:+=30,解得x1=20,x2=2,经检验x1=20,x2=2都是原方程的根,因为x﹣4>0,故x=2不符合实际情况,舍去.所以x=20,x﹣4=16.答:A型号信封单价是2角,B型号信封单价是1角6分.点评:本题考查了分式方程的应用.分析题意,找到合适的等量关系是解决问题的关键.17.如图,正方形ABCD中,点E在对角线AC上,连接EB、ED.(1)求证:△BCE≌△DCE;(2)延长BE交AD于点F,若∠DEB=140°,求∠AFE的度数.考点:全等三角形的判定与性质;正方形的性质.分析:(1)根据正方形的性质得出BC=DC,∠BCE=∠DCE=45°,根据SAS推出即可;(2)根据全等求出∠DEC=∠BEC=70°,根据三角形内角和定理求出∠FBC,根据平行线的性质求出即可.解答:(1)证明:∵正方形ABCD中,E为对角线AC上一点,∴BC=DC,∠BCE=∠DCE=45°,在△BCE和△DCE中∴△BCE≌△DCE(SAS);(2)解:由全等可知,∠BEC=∠DEC=∠DEB=×140°=70°,∵在△BCE中,∠CBE=180°﹣70°﹣45°=65°,∴在正方形ABCD中,AD∥BC,有∠AFE=∠CBE=65°.点评:本题考查了正方形的性质,全等三角形的性质和判定,三角形内角和定理,平行线的性质的应用,解此题的关键是求出△BCE≌△DCE,难度适中.18.如图,已知双曲线y=﹣与两直线y=﹣x,y=﹣kx(k>0,且k≠)分别相交于A、B、C、D四点.(1)当点C的坐标为(﹣1,1)时,A、B、D三点坐标分别是A(﹣2,),B(2,﹣),D(1,﹣1).(2)证明:以点A、D、B、C为顶点的四边形是平行四边形.(3)当k为何值时,▱ADBC是矩形.考点:反比例函数综合题;两点间的距离公式;一次函数的应用;平行四边形的判定与性质;矩形的判定.专题:综合题.分析:(1)由C坐标,利用反比例函数的中心对称性确定出D坐标,联立双曲线y=﹣与直线y=﹣x,求出A与B坐标即可;(2)由反比例函数为中心对称图形,利用中心对称性质得到OA=OB,OC=OD,利用对角线互相平分的四边形为平行四边形即可得证;(3)由A与B坐标,利用两点间的距离公式求出AB的长,联立双曲线y=﹣与直线y=﹣kx,表示出CD的长,根据对角线相等的平行四边形为矩形,得到AB=CD,即可求出此时k的值.解答:解:(1)∵C(﹣1,1),C,D为双曲线y=﹣与直线y=﹣kx的两个交点,且双曲线y=﹣为中心对称图形,∴D(1,﹣1),联立得:,消去y得:﹣x=﹣,即x2=4,解得:x=2或x=﹣2,当x=2时,y=﹣;当x=﹣2时,y=,∴A(﹣2,),B(2,﹣);故答案为:﹣2,,2,﹣,1,﹣1;(2)∵双曲线y=﹣为中心对称图形,且双曲线y=﹣与两直线y=﹣x,y=﹣kx(k>0,且k≠)分别相交于A、B、C、D四点,∴OA=OB,OC=OD,则以点A、D、B、C为顶点的四边形是平行四边形;(3)若▱ADBC是矩形,可得AB=CD,联立得:,消去y得:﹣=﹣kx,即x2=,解得:x=或x=﹣,当x=时,y=﹣;当x=﹣时,y=,∴C(﹣,),D(,﹣),∴CD==AB==,整理得:(4k﹣1)(k﹣4)=0,k1=,k2=4,又∵k≠,∴k=4,则当k=4时,▱ADBC是矩形.点评:此题属于反比例函数综合题,涉及的知识有:坐标与图形性质,一次函数与反比例函数的交点,平行四边形,矩形的判定,两点间的距离公式,以及中心图形性质,熟练掌握性质是解本题的关键.19.在一个不透明的布袋里装有4个完全相同的标有数字1、2、3、4的小球.小明从布袋里随机取出一个小球,记下数字为x,小红从布袋里剩下的小球中随机取出一个,记下数字为y.计算由x、y确定的点(x,y)在函数y=﹣x+5的图象上的概率.考点:列表法与树状图法;一次函数图象上点的坐标特征.分析:首先根据题意画出树状图,然后由树状图求得所有等可能的结果与点(x,y)在函数y=﹣x+5的图象上的情况,再利用概率公式即可求得答案.解答:解:画树状图得:∵共有等可能的结果12种:(x,y)为(1,2)、(1,3)、(1,4)、(2,1)、(2,3)、(2,4)、(3,1)、(3,2)、(3,4)、(4,1)、(4,2)、(4,3);其中(x,y)所表示的点在函数y=﹣x+5的图象上的有4种,∴P(点(x,y)在函数y=﹣x+5的图象上)==.点评:此题考查了列表法或树状图法求概率.用到的知识点为:概率=所求情况数与总情况数之比.20.如图:已知AB是⊙O的直径,BC是⊙O的切线,OC与⊙O相交于点D,连接AD并延长,与BC相交于点E.(1)若BC=,CD=1,求⊙O的半径;(2)取BE的中点F,连接DF,求证:DF是⊙O的切线.考点:切线的判定与性质;全等三角形的判定与性质;勾股定理.分析:(1)先设⊙O的半径为r,由于AB是⊙O的直径,BC是⊙O的切线,根据切线性质可知AB⊥BC,在Rt△OBC中,利用勾股定理可得(r+1)2=r2+()2,解得r=1;(2)连接OF,由于OA=OB,BF=EF,可知OF是△BAE的中位线,那么OF∥AE,于是∠A=∠2,根据三角形外角性质可得∠BOD=2∠A,易证∠1=∠2,而OD=OB,OF=OF,利用SAS可证△OBF≌△ODF,那么∠ODF=∠OBF=90°,于是OD⊥DF,从而可证FD是⊙O的切线.解答:解:(1)设⊙O的半径为r,∵AB是⊙O的直径,BC是⊙O的切线,∴AB⊥BC,在Rt△OBC中,∵OC2=OB2+CB2,∴(r+1)2=r2+()2,解得r=1,∴⊙O的半径为1;(2)连接OF,∵OA=OB,BF=EF,∴OF是△BAE的中位线,∴OF∥AE,∴∠A=∠2,又∵∠BOD=2∠A,∴∠1=∠2,在△OBF和△ODF中,∴△OBF≌△ODF,∴∠ODF=∠OBF=90°,即OD⊥DF,∴FD是⊙O的切线.点评:本题考查了勾股定理、全等三角形的判定和性质、中位线的性质,解题的关键是证明△OBF≌△ODF.21.“知识改变命运,科技繁荣祖国”.我区中小学每年都要举办一届科技比赛.如图为我区某校2011年参加科技比赛(包括电子百拼、航模、机器人、建模四个类别)的参赛人数统计图(1)该校参加机器人、建模比赛的人数分别是4人和6人;(2)该校参加科技比赛的总人数是24人,电子百拼所在扇形的圆心角的度数是120°,并把条形统计图补充完整;(3)从全区中小学参加科技比赛选手中随机抽取80人,其中有32人获奖.今年我区中小学参加科技比赛人数共有2485人,请你估算今年参加科技比赛的获奖人数约是多少人?考点:条形统计图;用样本估计总体;扇形统计图.分析:(1)由图知参加机器人、建模比赛的人数;(2)参加建模的有6人,占总人数的25%,根据总人数=参加航模比赛的人数÷25%,算出电子百拼比赛的人数,再算出所占的百分比×360°;(3)先求出随机抽取80人中获奖的百分比,再乘以我市中小学参加科技比赛比赛的总人数.解答:解:(1)由条形统计图可得:该校参加机器人、建模比赛的人数分别是4人,6人;故答案为:4,6.(2)该校参加科技比赛的总人数是:6÷25%=24,电子百拼所在扇形的圆心角的度数是:(24﹣6﹣6﹣4)÷24×360°=120°,故答案为:24,120.(3)32÷80=0.4,0.4×2485=994,答:今年参加科技比赛比赛的获奖人数约是994人.点评:本题考查的是条形统计图和扇形统计图的综合运用,读懂统计图,从不同的统计图中得到必要的信息是解决问题的关键.条形统计图能清楚地表示出每个项目的数据;扇形统计图直接反映部分占总体的百分比大小.22.如图,一台起重机,他的机身高AC为21m,吊杆AB长为40m,吊杆与水平线的夹角∠BAD可从30°升到80°.求这台起重机工作时,吊杆端点B离地面CE的最大高度和离机身AC的最大水平距离(结果精确到0.1m)(参考数据:sin80°≈0.98,cos80°≈0.17,tan33°≈5.67).考点:解直角三角形的应用.分析:当∠BAD=30°时,吊杆端点B离机身AC的水平距离最大;当∠B′AD=80°时,吊杆端点B′离地面CE的高度最大.作BF⊥AD于F,B´G⊥CE于G,交AD于F′,在Rt△BAF中,cos∠BAF=可求出AF的长,在Rt△B′AF′中由sin∠B´AF′=可得出B′F′的长.解答:解:如图,当∠BAD=30°时,吊杆端点B离机身AC的水平距离最大;当∠B′AD=80°时,吊杆端点B′离地面CE的高度最大.作BF⊥AD于F,B′G⊥CE于G,交AD于F′.在Rt△BAF中,∵cos∠BAF=,∴AF=AB•cos∠BAF=40×cos30°≈34.6(m).在Rt△B′AF′中,sin∠B′AF′=,∴B′F′=AB’•sin∠B′AF′=40×sin80°≈39.2(m).∴B′G=B′F′+F′G=60.2(m).答:吊杆端点B离地面CE的最大高度为60.2 m,离机身AC的最大水平距离为34.6m.点评:本题考查的是解直角三角形的应用,根据题意作出辅助线,构造出直角三角形是解答此题的关键.23.某店因为经营不善欠下38400元的无息贷款的债务,想转行经营服装专卖店又缺少资金.“中国梦想秀”栏目组决定借给该店30000元资金,并约定利用经营的利润偿还债务(所有债务均不计利息).已知该店代理的品牌服装的进价为每件40元,该品牌服装日销售量y (件)与销售价x(元/件)之间的关系可用图中的一条折线(实线)来表示.该店应支付员工的工资为每人每天82元,每天还应支付其它费用为106元(不包含债务).(1)求日销售量y(件)与销售价x(元/件)之间的函数关系式;(2)若该店暂不考虑偿还债务,当某天的销售价为48元/件时,当天正好收支平衡(收人=支出),求该店员工的人数;(3)若该店只有2名员工,则该店最早需要多少天能还清所有债务,此时每件服装的价格应定为多少元?考点:二次函数的应用;一次函数的应用.专题:代数综合题;压轴题.分析:(1)根据待定系数法,可得函数解析式;(2)根据收入等于指出,可得一元一次方程,根据解一元一次方程,可得答案;(3)分类讨论40≤x≤58,或58≤x≤71,根据收入减去支出大于或等于债务,可得不等式,根据解不等式,可得答案.解答:解:(1)当40≤x≤58时,设y与x的函数解析式为y=k1x+b1,由图象可得,解得.∴y=﹣2x+140.当58<x≤71时,设y与x的函数解析式为y=k2x+b2,由图象得,解得,∴y=﹣x+82,综上所述:y=;(2)设人数为a,当x=48时,y=﹣2×48+140=44,∴(48﹣40)×44=106+82a,解得a=3;(3)设需要b天,该店还清所有债务,则:b[(x﹣40)•y﹣82×2﹣106]≥68400,∴b≥,当40≤x≤58时,∴b≥=,x=﹣时,﹣2x2+220x﹣5870的最大值为180,∴b,即b≥380;当58<x≤71时,b=,当x=﹣=61时,﹣x2+122x﹣3550的最大值为171,∴b,即b≥400.综合两种情形得b≥380,即该店最早需要380天能还清所有债务,此时每件服装的价格应定为55元.点评:本题考查了二次函数的应用,利用待定系数法求函数解析式,一次方程的应用,不等式的应用,分类讨论是解题关键.24.如图,抛物线与x轴交于A(x1,0),B(x2,0)两点,且x1>x2,与y轴交于点C(0,4),其中x1,x2是方程x2﹣2x﹣8=0的两个根.(1)求这条抛物线的解析式;(2)点P是线段AB上的动点,过点P作PE∥AC,交BC于点E,连接CP,当△CPE的面积最大时,求点P的坐标;(3)探究:若点Q是抛物线对称轴上的点,是否存在这样的点Q,使△QBC成为等腰三角形?若存在,请直接写出所有符合条件的点Q的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.考点:二次函数综合题.专题:压轴题.分析:(1)先通过解方程求出A,B两点的坐标,然后根据A,B,C三点的坐标,用待定系数法求出抛物线的解析式.(2)本题要通过求△CPE的面积与P点横坐标的函数关系式而后根据函数的性质来求△CPE的面积的最大值以及对应的P的坐标.△CPE的面积无法直接表示出,可用△CPB 和△BEP的面积差来求,设出P点的坐标,即可表示出BP的长,可通过相似三角形△BEP 和△BAC求出.△BEP中BP边上的高,然后根据三角形面积计算方法即可得出△CEP的面积,然后根据上面分析的步骤即可求出所求的值.(3)本题要分三种情况进行讨论:①QC=BC,那么Q点的纵坐标就是C点的纵坐标减去或加上BC的长.由此可得出Q点的坐标.②QB=BC,此时Q,C关于x轴对称,据此可求出Q点的坐标.③QB=QC,Q点在BC的垂直平分线上,可通过相似三角形来求出QC的长,进而求出Q 点的坐标.解答:解:(1)∵x2﹣2x﹣8=0,∴(x﹣4)(x+2)=0.∴x1=4,x2=﹣2.∴A(4,0),B(﹣2,0).又∵抛物线经过点A、B、C,设抛物线解析式为y=ax2+bx+c(a≠0),∴.∴.∴所求抛物线的解析式为y=﹣x2+x+4.(2)设P点坐标为(m,0),过点E作EG⊥x轴于点G.∵点B坐标为(﹣2,0),点A坐标(4,0),∴AB=6,BP=m+2.∵PE∥AC,∴△BPE∽△BAC.∴=.∴=∴EG=.∴S△CPE=S△CBP﹣S△EBP=BP•CO﹣BP•EG∴S△CPE=(m+2)(4﹣)=﹣m2+m+.∴S△CPE=﹣(m﹣1)2+3.又∵﹣2≤m≤4,∴当m=1时,S△CPE有最大值3.此时P点的坐标为(1,0).(3)存在Q点,∵BC=2,设Q(1,n),当BQ=CQ时,则32+n2=12+(n﹣4)2,解得:n=1,即Q1(1,1);当BC=BQ=2时,9+n2=20,解得:n=±,∴Q2(1,),Q3(1,﹣);当BC=CQ=2时,1+(n﹣4)2=20,解得:n=4±,∴Q4(1,4+),Q5(1,4﹣).综上可得:坐标为Q1(1,1),Q2(1,),Q3(1,﹣),Q4(1,4+),Q5(1,4﹣).。
2015陕西中考模拟试题.doc
2015陕西中考化学模拟试题西安高陵王武杰老师1.下例对所学知识进行归纳,其中有错误的一组是()A.性质与用途:氢气能燃烧且无污染,是清洁能源;铜具有导电性,可制作电线B.元素与人体健康的关系:人体缺铁易患贫血症;人体缺碘易患甲状腺肿大C.生活常识:电线着火,立即用水浇灭;饮水解渴,水越纯越好D.环境保护:为减少水污染,要合理使用农药、化肥;为减少白色污染,应使用可降解的塑料2.下图表示治理汽车尾气所涉及反应的微观过程。
下列说法不正确的是()A.图中单质的化学式为N2 B. 该反应使有毒气体转化为无毒气体C.反应物都属于氧化物 D. 反应中原子、分子个数都不变3.下列实验现象的描述与相应化学方程式的书写都正确的是()A.铁丝在空气中剧烈燃烧,火星四射生成黑色固体:3Fe+2O2Fe3O4B.水受热至沸腾,产生水蒸气。
2H2O2H2↑+ O2↑C.将鸡蛋放入盐酸中,发现鸡蛋表面有气泡产生:CaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+H2O+CO2↑D.烤羊肉串时,看到木炭发红光,放出大量的热:C+O2=CO24.铁、氯化铜、石灰水、稀盐酸、石灰石之间的反应关系如图所示,图中两圆相交部分(a、b、c、d)表示物质间反应的类型或主要实验现象。
下列说法中错误的是( )A.a处产生白色物质B.b处生成蓝色沉淀C.c处发生复分解反应D.d处产生气泡5.将稀盐酸慢慢滴入装有氢氧化钠溶液的烧杯中,用温度计测出烧杯中溶液的温度,溶液温度随加入稀盐酸质量增加而发生变化,如右上图所示。
有关叙述中错误的是().A.b点表示氢氧化钠和盐酸恰好完全反应 B.恰好完全反应时所得溶液中溶质只有NaClC.从a到b过程中,烧杯中溶液的pH逐渐增大 D.稀盐酸与氢氧化钠溶液发生的反应是放热反应6.镁原子的结构示意图为,下列说法错误的是()A. 镁元素属于金属元素B. 镁原子在化学反应中容易失去电子C. 镁离子最外层有2个电子D.镁原子与镁离子的化学性质不同7.如图所示,将水分别滴人装有氢氧化钠固体和硝酸铵固体的两支试管中,下列说法错误的是()A.硝酸铵固体溶解时会吸收热量 B.氢氧化钠固体溶解时会放出热量C.A、B两只烧杯的溶液中都有固体析出 D.A、B两只烧杯中溶液的溶质质量分数都保持不变二填空题1.Ⅰ、Ⅱ两小题只选一题,如果两题全做,只按Ⅰ题计分。
2015年初中毕业生学业考试模拟试题及解析.pdf
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2015 年初中毕业生学业考试模拟试题(一) ·数学
本试卷包括三道大题,共 24 小题,共 6 页.全卷满分 120 分.考试时间为 120 分钟.考试结束后,将 本试卷和答题卡一并交回. 注意事项:
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2015届九年级中考模拟考试数学试题及答案
2015年中考模拟考试数学试卷说明:1.本卷共有六个大题,24个小题,全卷满分120分,考试时间120分钟.2.本卷分...为试题...卷和答...题.卷,答案要求......写.在答..题.卷上,在....试题..卷上作答不.....给.分... 一、选择题(本大题共6小题,每小题3分,共18分)每小题只有一个正确的选项,请把正确选项的代号填涂在答题卷的相应位置上. 1. 3-的相反数是 A .3B .31 C .3- D . 31-2.下列运算正确的是A . 523x x x =+B .x x x =-23C .623x x x =⋅D .x x x =÷233. 直线y=x -1的图像经过的象限是A. 第二、三、四象限B.第一、二、四象限C. 第一、三、四象限D.第一、二、三象限 4.下列几何体各自的三视图中,只有两个视图相同的是A .①③B .②④C .③④D .②③ 5. 如图,点A 、B 、C 的坐标分别为(0, -1),(0,2),(3,0).从下面四个点M (3,3),N (3,-3),P (-3,0),Q (-3,1)中选择一个点,以A 、B 、C 与该点为顶点的四边形是中心对称图形的个数有 A .1个 B .2个 C .3个 D .4个(第4题图 )6.类比二次函数图象的平移,把双曲线y=x1向右平移2个单位,再向上平移1个单位,其对应的函数解析式变为 A .2x 3x y ++=B .2x 1x y -+=C .2x 1x y ++=D .2x 1x y --= 二、填空题(本大题共8小题,每小题3分,共24分)7.国家统计局初步测算,2011年中国国内生产总值(GDP )约为470000亿元.将“470000亿元”用科学记数法表示为********* 亿元. 8.函数x y 24-=的自变量的取值范围是********* .①正方体 ②圆锥体 ③球体9.分解因式:22a b ab b -+= ********* .10.如图,已知AB ∥CD ,∠A =50°,∠C =∠E .则∠C =********* . 11. 若不等式3(2)x x a --≤的解为1-≥x ,则a 的值为********* .12. 如图,共有12个大小相同的小正方形,其中阴影部分的5个小正方形是一个正方体的表面展开图的一部分,现从其余的小正方形中任取一个涂上阴影,能构成这个正方体的表面展开图的概率是********* .13. 如图,直径AB 为12的半圆,绕A 点逆时针旋转60°,此时点B 到了点B’,则图中阴影部分的面积是********* .14.如图,△ABC 是一个直角三角形,其中∠C=90゜,∠A=30゜,BC=6;O 为AB 上一点,且OB=3, ⊙O 是一个以O 为圆心、OB 为半径的圆;现有另一半径为333-的⊙D 以每秒为1的速度沿B →A →C →B 运动,设时间为t ,当⊙D 与⊙O 外切时,t 的值为 ****** . (本题为多解题,漏写得部分分,错写扣全部分)三、(本大题共4小题,每小题6分,共24分) 15计算:()1260cos 2218π-+︒-⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛+--16. 先化简,再求值()x x x x x 224422+÷+++ ,其中 x = 2(第12题图) CBA(第13题图)A B C D E 50°(第10题图)17.新余某区拟在新竣工的矩形广场的内部修建一个音乐喷泉,要求音乐喷泉M 到广场的两个入口A 、B 的距离相等,且到广场管理处C 的距离等于A 和B 之间距离的一半,A 、B 、C 的位置如图所示.请在答题卷的原图上利用尺规作出音乐喷泉M 的位置.(要求:不写已知、求作、作法和结论,只保留作图痕迹,必须用铅笔作图)18.甲乙丙三个同学在打兵乓球时,为了确定哪两个人先打,商定三人伸出手来,若其中两人的手心或手背同时向上,则这两个人先打,如果三个人手心或手背都向上则重来. (1)求甲乙两人先打的概率; (2)求丙同学先打的概率.四、(本大题共2小题,每小题8分,共16分)19. 如图,在Rt △ABC 中,∠C 为直角,以AB 上一点O 为圆心,OA 长为半径的圆与BC 相切于点D ,分别交AC 、AB 于点E 、F .(1)若AC=8,AB=12,求⊙O 的半径;(2)连接OE 、ED 、DF 、EF .若四边形BDEF 是平行四边形,试判断四边形OFDE 的形状,并说明理由.20.如图:把一张给定大小的矩形卡片ABCD 放在间距为10mm 的横格纸中(所有横线互相平行),恰好四个顶点都在横格线上,AD 与l 2交于点E, BD 与l 4交于点F. (1)求证:△ABE ≌△CDF ;(2)已知α=25°,求矩形卡片的周长.(可用计算器求值,答案精确到1mm ,参考数据: sin25°≈0.42,cos25°≈0.91, tan25°≈0.47)五、(本大题共2小题,每小题9分,共18分)21. 某公司为了解顾客对自己商品的总体印象,采取随机抽样的方式,对购买了自己商品的年龄在16~65岁之间的400个顾客,进行了抽样调查.并根据每个年龄段的抽查人数和该年龄段对商品总体印象感到满意的人数绘制了下面的图(1)和图(2).根据上图提供的信息回答下列问题:(1)被抽查的顾客中,人数最多的年龄段是 岁;FEA(2)已知被抽查的400人中有83%的人对商品总体印象感到满意,请你求出31~40岁年龄段的满意人数,并补全图(2);(3)比较31~40岁和41~50岁这两个年龄段对商品总体印象满意率的高低(四舍五入到1%).注:某年龄段的满意率=该年龄段满意人数÷该年龄段被抽查人数⨯100%.22. 某超市经销甲、乙两种商品. 现有如下信息:请根据以上信息,解答下列问题: (1)甲、乙两种商品的进货单价各多少元?(2)该超市平均每天卖出甲商品50件和乙商品20件.经调查发现,甲、乙两种商品零售单价分别每降0.2元,这两种商品每天可各多销售10件.为了使每天获取更大的利润,超市决定把甲、乙两种商品的零售单价都下降m 元.设总利润为n 元,请用含m 的式子表示超市每天销售甲、乙两种商品获取的总利润n ,在不考虑其他因素的条件下,当m 定为多少时,才能使超市每天销售甲、乙两种商品获取的总利润最大?每天的最大利润是多少?六、(本大题共2小题,每小题10分,共20分) 23. 已知抛物线22232y x mx m m =-++.(1)若抛物线经过原点,求m 的值及顶点坐标,并判断抛物线顶点是否在第三象限的平分线所在的直线上;(2)是否无论m 取任何实数值,抛物线顶点一定不在第四象限?说明理由;当实数m 变化时,列出抛物线顶点的纵、横坐标之间的函数关系式,并求出该函数的最小函数值.51~60岁 7%21~30岁 39%31~40岁 20%16~20岁 16%61~65岁 3% 41~50岁 15% 图(1)24.已知:如图(1),△OAB是边长为2的等边三角形,0A在x轴上,点B在第一象限内;△OCA是一个等腰三角形,OC=AC,顶点C在第四象限,∠C=120°.现有两动点P、Q分别从A、O两点同时出发,点Q以每秒1个单位的速度沿OC向点C运动,点P以每秒3个单位的速度沿A→O→B 运动,当其中一个点到达终点时,另一个点也随即停止.(1)求在运动过程中形成的△OPQ的面积S与运动的时间t之间的函数关系,并写出自变量t的取值范围;(2)在OA上(点O、A除外)存在点D,使得△OCD为等腰三角形,请直接写出所有符合条件的点D的坐标;(3)如图(2),现有∠MCN=60°,其两边分别与OB、AB交于点M、N,连接MN.将∠MCN绕着C点旋转(0°<旋转角<60°),使得M、N始终在边OB和边AB上.试判断在这一过程中,△BMN的周长是否发生变化?若没有变化,请求出其周长;若发生变化,请说明理由.参考答案一、选择题(本大题共6小题,每小题3分,共18分)二、填空题(本大题共8小题,每小题3分,共24分)7、54.710⨯ 8、2≤x 9、()21-a b10、25゜ 11、8 12、74 13、24π 14、3612或3312或333+++(每写对一个1分,但写错0分) 三、(本大题共4小题,每小题6分,共24分) 15、解:原式=1212222+⨯-+…………………………………………………3分 =222+ ……………………………………………………………6分16、解:原式=()()21222+⋅++x x x x=x 1……………………………………………4分 将2=x 代入得:221=x………………………………………………………6分 17.………………………………………………6分18、 甲: 手心向上 手背向上乙:手心向上手背向上手心向上 手背向上 ……2分丙:手心向上 手背向上 手心向上 手背向上 手心向上 手背向上 手心向上 手背向上 (1)P(甲乙两人先打)=0.25 …………………………………………………………4分 (2)P(丙同学先打)=0.5………………………………………………………………6分 四、(本大题共2小题,每小题8分,共16分) 19、(1)设⊙O 的半径为r .∵BC 切⊙O 于点D ∴OD ⊥BC∵∠C =90° ∴OD ∥AC ∴△OBD ∽△ABC . …………………………2分∴OD AC = OBAB ,即12128r r -= 解得:524=r∴⊙O 的半径为524………………………4分(2)四边形OF DE 是菱形 ………………5分 ∵四边形BDEF 是平行四边形 ∴∠DEF =∠B .∵∠DEF =12∠DOB ∴∠B =12∠DOB .∵∠ODB =90° ∴∠DOB +∠B =90° ∴∠DOB =60°∵DE ∥AB ,∴∠ODE =60°.∵OD =OE ,∴△ODE 是等边三角形∴OD =DE ∵OD =OF ∴DE =OF ∴四边形OFDE 是平行四边形 ………7分∵OE =OF ∴平行四边形OFDE 是菱形. …………………………………8分20、(1) ∵l 2∥l 4 BC ∥AD ∴四边形BFDE 是平行四边形∴BE=FD ……………………………………………………………………2分 ∵AB=CD ,∠BAE=∠FCD=90゜∴△ABE ≌△CDF ……………………………………………………………4分(2)(批改时注意若学生用计算器计算,中间答案会有少许不同,但最终答案一样) 过A 作AG ⊥l 4,交l 2于H ∵α=25° ∴∠ABE=25°∴ sin 0.42AHABE AB∠=≈ 解得:AB ≈47.62 ………………5分∵∠ABE+∠AEB=90゜ ∠HAE+∠AEB=90゜ ∴∠HAE=25゜ ∴91.0cos ≈=∠ADAGDAG 解得:AD ≈43.96 ………………7分 ∴矩形卡片ABCD 的周长为(47.62+43.96)×2≈183(mm ) ………8分 五、(本大题共2小题,每小题9分,共18分)21、(1) 被抽查的顾客中,人数最多的年龄段是21~30岁 ……………………2分(2)总体印象感到满意的人数共有83400332100⨯=(人) 31~40岁年龄段总体印象感到满意的人数是332(5412653249)66-++++=(人) ………………………………4分图略 …………………………………………………………………………6分 (3) 31~40岁年龄段被抽人数是2040080100⨯=(人) 总体印象的满意率是66100%82.5%83%80⨯=≈ ………………………7分 41~50岁被抽到的人数是1540060100⨯=人,满意人数是53人, F EGHA总体印象的满意率是5388.3%88%60=≈ …………………………………8分 ∴41~50岁年龄段比31~40岁年龄段对商品总体印象的满意率高 ……9分22、(1)设甲商品的进货单价是x 元,乙商品的进货单价是y 元. ………………1分 根据题意,得⎩⎨⎧x +y =53(x +1)+2(2y -1)=19 解得⎩⎨⎧x =2y =3………………………3分答:甲商品的进货单价是2元,乙商品的进货单价是3元. ………………4分(2)设商店每天销售甲、乙两种商品获取的利润为n 元,则………………5分n =(1-m )(50+10×m 0.2)+(5-3-m )(20+10×m0.2) 即 n =-100m 2+80m +90 =-100(m -0.4)2+106. ……………………………7分∴当m =0.4时,n 有最大值,最大值为106. ………………………………8分答:当m 定为0.4时,才能使商店每天销售甲、乙两种商品获取的利润最大,每天的最大利润是106元. ………………………………………………………………9分 六、(本大题共2小题,每小题10分,共20分) 23、解:∵()m m m x m m mx x y 222322222++-=++-=∴抛物线顶点为()m mm 22,2+(1)将(0,0)代入抛物线解析式中解得:m=0或m=32-………………………1分 当m=0时,顶点坐标为(0,0) 当m=32-时,顶点坐标为(32-,94-) ……………………………………3分 ∵第三象限的平分线所在的直线为y=x ∴(0,0)在该直线上,(32-,94-)不在该直线上 ……………………………4分 (2)∵m>0时,m m 222+>0∴抛物线顶点一定不在第四象限 …………………………………………6分设顶点横坐标为m ,纵坐标为n ,则m m n 222+= …………………8分∵212122222-⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=+=m m mn ∴当21-=m 时,n 有最小值21- …………………………………10分 24、解:(1)过点C 作CD OA ⊥于点D .(如图①) ∵OC AC =,120ACO ∠=︒,∴30AOC OAC ∠=∠=︒.∵OC AC =,CD OA ⊥, ∴1OD DA ==. 在Rt ODC ∆中,1cos cos30OD OC AOC ===∠︒(1)当203t <<时,OQ t =,3AP t =,23OP OA AP t =-=-; 过点Q 作QE OA ⊥于点E .(如图①)在Rt OEQ ∆中,∵30AOC ∠=︒,∴122t QE OQ ==, ∴21131(23)22242OPQ t S OP EQ t t t ∆=⋅=-⋅=-+. 即23142S t t =-+ .………………………………………2分 (图①)(2)当23t <时,(如图②) OQ t =,32OP t =-.∵60BOA ∠=︒,30AOC ∠=︒,∴90POQ ∠=︒. ∴2113(32)222OPQ S OQ OP t t t t ∆=⋅=⋅-=-.即232S t t =-.故当203t <<时,23142S t t =-+,当23t <≤时,232S t t =-……………4分(2),0)或2(,0)3 …………………6分 (3)BMN ∆的周长不发生变化.延长BA 至点F ,使AF OM =,连结CF .(如图③)∵90,MOC FAC OC AC ∠=∠=︒=,∴MOC ∆≌FAC ∆. ∴MC CF =,MCO FCA ∠=∠ …………………7分∴FCN FCA NCA MCO NCA ∠=∠+∠=∠+∠60OCA MCN =∠-∠=. ∴FCN MCN ∠=∠. 又∵,MC CF CN CN ==.∴MCN ∆≌FCN ∆.∴MN NF = ……………………………………9分∴BM MN BN BM NF BN ++=++AF BA OM BO ++-=BA BO =+4=. ∴BMN ∆的周长不变,其周长为4 ……………………………………10分x。
2015中考物理试卷含答案
A .电暖炉B .白炽灯C .电饭煲D .发电机2013中考模拟考试物 理 试 题考生注意:1.本试卷分试题卷和答题纸两部分,其中试题卷共6页,答题纸共2页.全卷31题,满分100分,考试时间100分钟.2.选择题答案填涂在答题卡上,其余试题答案书写在答题纸规定位置上,写在试题卷及草稿纸上无效.3.在试题卷正面的右下角填写座位号.考试结束后,将答题卡与答题纸一并交回. 一、选择题(本大题共15小题,每小题2分,共30分。
每小题给出的四个选项中只有一个符合题意。
)1.下列对各种自然现象形成原因的叙述中正确的是( )A .春天,冰雪融化汇成溪流 → 液化B .夏天,自来水管“出汗” → 熔化C .秋天,草丛上凝结露珠 → 液化D .冬天,冰冻的衣服晾干 → 凝华2.2004年埃及一家私营航空公司的一架波音737型客机在红海旅游城市沙姆沙伊赫起飞后不久坠入海中,造成机上135名乘客和13名机组人员全部遇难。
空难发生后,搜救人员利用声纳设备探测坠入大海中的飞机残骸。
则以下说法中错误..的是( ) A .声纳设备是利用超声波工作的 B .声纳设备是利用次声波工作的C .超声波在海水中传播比在空气中传播的快D .声纳设备可以探测出残骸所处位置的海水深度3.“五·一”黄金周,小刚和妈妈到苏马湾旅游。
小刚潜入海底观光,在水面下不断下潜的过程中,他受到的浮力变化情况是(不考虑海水密度的变化)( ) A .浮力逐渐变大 B .浮力逐渐变小 C .浮力保持不变 D .浮力先变大后变小4.关于光学知识在日常生活中有着许多的应用,下列说法中错误..的是( ) A .在晴朗的夏日中午,往花的叶子上浇水时,水滴会使阳光会聚,常会把叶子烧焦 B .汽车驾驶室前边的挡风玻璃不采用竖直安装的主要原因是为了排除像的干扰 C .白天在房间里照镜子时,为了看清自己的面容,面部应正对着门口 D .物体被毛玻璃遮住后看不见了是因为毛玻璃是不透光的5.超导是指在一定条件下物质电阻突然消失的现象,超导技术被认为是21世纪最具有战略意义的高新技术。
2015年中考数学模拟考试试题和答案
2015年中考数学模拟数学试卷总分:120分 时间:120分钟一、选择题:(每小题3分,共36分)1、若分式52-x 有意义,则x 的取值范围是( ) A .5≠x B .5-≠x C .5>x D .5->x2、关于x 的一元二次方程0222=+-k x x 有实数根,则k 的取值范围是( ) A .21<k B.21≤k C.21>k . D.21≥k 3、下面与3是同类二次根式的是( )A.2B.12C.13-D.18 4、下列运算正确的是( )A.624a a a =⋅ B 23522=-b a b a C.523)(a a =- D.63329)3(b a ab =5、甲、乙两学生在军训打靶训练中,打靶的总次数相同,且所中环数的平均数也相同, 但乙的成绩比甲的成绩稳定,那么两者的方差的大小关系是( )。
A.22乙甲S S <B.22乙甲S S >C.22乙甲S S = D.不能确定6、如图,已知直线a ∥b,直线c 与a 、b 分别交于A 、B ,且1201=∠,则=∠2( ) A .60B .150C . 30D .1207、在Rt △ABC 中,∠C=90°,sinA=54,则cosB 的值等于( ) A .53 B. 54 C. 43 D. 55 8、下列图形中,既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的是( ) A . 等边三角形 B . 平行四边形 C . 正方形 D . 等腰梯形9、已知关于x 的一元二次方程02=+-c bx x 的两根分别为,2,121-==x x 则b 与c 的值分别为( )A .2,1=-=c bB .2,1-==c bC .2,1==c bD .2,1-=-=c b10、如图,小正方形的边长均为1,则图中三角形(阴影部分)与△ABC 相似的是( )。
11、如图,直线)0(>=t t x 与反比例函数xy x y 1,2-==的图象分别交于B 、C 两点,A 为y 轴上的任意一点,则∆ABC 的面积为( ) A .3 B .t 23 C .23D .不能确定12、如图,四边形ABCD 、CEFG 都是正方形,点G 在线段CD 上,连接BG 、DE ,DE 和FG 相交于点O ,设AB=a ,CG=b (a >b ).下列结论:①△BCG ≌△DCE ;②BG ⊥DE ;③CEGOGC DG =;④a b S S BCG EOF =∆∆.其中结论正确的个数是( )A . 4个B . 3个C . 2个D . 1个二、选择题:(每小题3分,共18分)13、因式分解:=-a a 43.14、某市棉花产量约378000吨,将378000用科学计数法表示应是______________吨. 15、已知点(13)A m -,与点(21)B n +,关于x 轴对称,则m+n= . 16、如图,AB 是⊙O 的弦,OC ⊥AB 于C ,若cm AB 52=,cm OC 1=,则⊙O 的半径长为 。
2015长沙中考语文模拟试卷五(含答案)
2015年长沙市初中毕业学业水平考试模拟试卷语文(五)注意事项:1、答题前,请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号;2、必须在答题卡上答题,在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效;3、答题时,请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示;4、请勿折叠答题卡,保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁;5、答题卡上不准使用涂改液涂改。
考生注意:1、本试卷共25道小题。
2、本学科考试时量150分钟,满分150分。
一、积累与运用(共30分)1.下列各组词中字形和加点字的注音完全正确..的一项是()(2分) A.讪.笑(shān)栖息锲.而不舍(qiè)粗制烂造B.焦灼.(zhuó)虬枝深恶.痛绝(wù)怏怏不乐C.寂寥.(liáo)狡颉戛.然而止(ɡā)出类拔萃D.歼.灭(qiān)狼藉猝.不及防(cù)一愁莫展2.下列加点的词语运用不正确...的一项是()(2分)A.一本好书就如一座堡垒,抵御着来自花花世界的喧嚣..,成为人们心灵宁静的港湾。
B.在北大,胡适与钱穆的讲座因精彩而风靡..校园,他们在学生中也留下了“北胡南钱”的美誉。
C.少年时代总有人觉得时间如白驹过隙....,有的是弥补的时候,转眼却已是青年。
D.冰冻三尺非一日之寒.........,整治“四风”还需坚持不懈。
3.下列语句中没有..语病的一项是()(2分)A.糖就像烟草和酒精一样,是一种有潜在危害且容易让人上瘾。
B.没有谁不能不被最美老师张丽莉的英雄事迹感动。
C.马王堆蔬菜市场新上市的辣椒基本上全卖完了。
D.阅读名著是启迪心智、陶冶情操的有效途径。
4.在下面语段的空白处填入的一组句子,排序正确..的一项是()(2分)中国画以“画中有诗,诗中有画”的独特风格而闻名世界。
,。
①这样长而富有变化的墨线是中国画的特点②宋代梁楷的《李白行吟图》中李白的一件斗篷,只用了不到十根线条,便勾勒出人物身体的结构、衣褶的变化③线条的起落及抑、扬、顿、挫都清楚可辨④造型以线条为主,是中国画区别于西洋画的重要特征,它是中国书法用笔方法的发展和延伸A.④③②①B.④②③①C.②③①④D.④①②③5.下列对联按春联、婚联、挽联、寿联的顺序排列准确的一项是()(2分)①红妆带绾同心结碧沼花开并蒂莲②爆竹声声辞旧岁红梅朵朵迎新春③德行齐辉一门合庆福寿大衍百岁同符④鹤驾已随云影杳鹃声犹带月光寒A.②①④③B.②④③①C.①②④③D.①②③④6.综合探究(4分)阅读下面的文字材料,探究材料所揭示的道理。
2015年中考模拟试卷数学卷附答案
2015年中考模拟试卷数学卷时量:120分钟 满分:120分一、精心选一选,旗开得胜(本大题共10个小题, 每小题3分,满分30分. ) 1. -2015的倒数是( )A. 20151B.20151 C.2015 D.-2015 2.2015年2月14日,“心得乐面对面捐助娄底专场”爱心活动在娄底市一中举行。
来自我市的100位“穷娃”现场接受社会捐助。
现场捐款达401万元,是全省9个专场活动中捐总额最多的。
401万元这个数用科学记数法可表示为 ( )A.401³104元 B.40.1³104元 C. 40.1³105元 D. 4.01³106元 3.下列各式中,计算错误的是( )A. 2a+3a=5aB. –x 2²x= -x 3C. 2x-3x= -1D. (-x 3)2= x 64.2015年当地时间3月13日晚太平洋岛国瓦努阿图遭受强飓风“帕姆”袭击,急需国际救援。
我省天霸帐篷有限公司第一时间无偿捐赠帐篷1000余顶,该帐篷的顶部是圆锥形,这个圆锥的底面直径为10米,母线长为6 米,为了防晒,需要在它的顶部铺上油毡,所需油毡的面积至少是( )A 、30 米2B 、60 米2C 、30π米2D 、60π米25.已知两圆的半径分别为3㎝和4㎝,两个圆的圆心距为6㎝,则两圆的位置关系是( ) A .内切 B.相交 C.外切 D.外离6.下图所示的几何体的主视图是( )7.如图,ABCD 中,AC 、BD 为对角线,BC=6,BC 边上的高为4,则阴影部分的面积为( ). A .3 B .6 C .12 D .248.如图,AB ∥CD ,直线PQ 分别交AB 、CD 于点F 、E , EG 是∠DEF 的平分线,交AB 于点G . 若∠PFA=40°,那么∠DEG 等于( ) A. 70° B.80° C. 40° D.60°第7题图9.小亮玩掷硬币的游戏,连掷5次都出现正面朝上,他再次掷硬币,下列说法正确的是( ) A.一定又是正面朝上; B.不可能连续6次出现正面朝上,这次一定是反面朝上。
2015年中考模拟百校联考数学试题(五)及答案
2015年中考模拟百校联考数学试题(五)时间120分钟满分120分2015.4.13一、选择题:(每小题3分共36分)1、下列运算正确的是()A、x2 x3 =x6B、x2+x2=2x4C、(-2x)2 =4x2D、(-2x)2 (-3x )3=6x52、“世界银行全球扶贫大会”于2004年5月26日在上海开幕.从会上获知,我国国民生产总值达到11.69万亿元,人民生活总体上达到小康水平,其中11.69万亿用科学记数法表示应为()A、11.69×1410B、1410169.1⨯C、1310169.1⨯D、14101169.0⨯3、如图,直线AB∥CD,∠A=70︒,∠C=40︒,则∠E等于()A、30°B、40°C、60°D、70°4、以下四个图形中,对称轴条数最多的一个图形是()5、不等式组⎩⎨⎧-≤-->xxx28132的最小整数解是()A、-1B、0C、2D、3ACBDE第3题图6、如图,小芳在达网球时,为使球恰好能过网(网高0.8米),且落在对方区域内离网5米的位置上,如果她的击球高度是2.4米,则应站在离网的( )A 、15米处B 、10米处C 、8米处D 、7.5米处7、如图,将正方形ABCD 的一角折叠,折痕为AE ,∠BAD 比大∠BAE 大48°。
设∠BAD 和∠BAE 的度数分别为x 、y ,那么x 、y 所适合的一个方程组是( )A 、B 、C 、D 、8、顺次连结下列四边形各边的中点,所得的四边形为矩形的是( ) A 、等腰梯形 B 、矩形 C 、菱形 D 、平行四边形9、如果关于x 的一元二次方程0962=+-x kx 有两个不相等的实数根,那么k 的取值范围是( )A 、1<kB 、0≠kC 、1<k 且0≠kD 、1>k10、甲、乙两人在同样的条件下比赛射击,每人打5发子弹,命中环数如下:甲:6,8,9,9,8;乙:10,7,7,7,9,则两人射击成绩稳定情况是( )A 、甲比乙稳定B 、乙比甲稳定C 、甲和乙一样稳定D 、无法确定 11、函数2y x bx c =++与y x =的图象如图所示,有以下结论:①240b c ->;②10b c ++=;③360b c ++=;④当13x <<时,2(1)0x b x c +-+<;⎩⎨⎧=+=-9048x y x y ⎩⎨⎧==-x y x y 248⎩⎨⎧=+=-90248x y x y ⎩⎨⎧=+=-90248x y y x DBx1y133其中正确的个数是:( ) A .1 B .2 C .3 D .412、如图,点P 按A →B →C →M 的顺序在边长为1的正方形边上运动,M 是CD 边上的中点。
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2015年中考第五次模拟考试(附答案)九年级英语试题第Ⅰ卷 (选择题, 共65分)一、听力选择(共15小题,计15分;每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间)(一) 录音中有五个句子,每个句子听一遍,然后从每小题A 、B 、C 中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。
1. A. Aren’t you leaving? B. You’d rather not. C. You are?2. A. Please. B. Be glad to. C. Don’t worry.3. A. Yes, we really do. B. Yes, we’ll buy a car. C. Not until the wind stops.4. A. I went shopping by car. B. Yes, you may give me a hand.C. I’d like to make a reservation for next Monday.5.A. B. C.(二)录音中有五组对话,听对话两遍后,从每小题A 、B 、C 中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
6. How often does the woman go swimming? A. Sometimes. B. Never. C. Every day.7. How many girl students are there in the class?C.8. Who are the two speakers? A. They’re workers. B. They’re strangers. C. They’re classmates.9. Where did Cathy go last Saturday? A. To the lake. B. To the beach. C. To the park.10. What does the boy want to do in this conversation?A. Buy a pen.B. Change a pen.C. Take a pen.(三)录音中有一段对话,听对话两遍后,从每小题A 、B 、C 中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
11. What’s new in Andy’s life? A. New neighbors. B. A new garden. C. A new school friend.12. What did Andy do when he saw a boy in the garden?A. He played basketball with him.B. He asked the boy some questions.C. He introduced himself and talked to him.13. Why was Andy confused (迷惑的)? A. The boy got angry.B. The boy cried suddenly.C. The boy asked him the same questions again.14. Where did Andy see a boy again? A. At school. B. In the garden. C. In the street.15. What is the relationship between the two boys?A. They’re friends.B. They’re cousins.C. They’re twin brothers.(注意:请同学们翻到第Ⅱ卷第四大题,继续做听力填表题。
)二、单项选择(共20小题,计20分)16.On Children’s Day, all parks in the city were full of children.A./;theB./;/C. the ;theD. the;/17. ---Jim does well in Chinese in our class. ---____. No one does better than him.A. So do IB. So he doesC. So I doD. So does he18. ---Have you found _________ in today’s newspaper?---Yes, _______ earthquake happened near Yunnan yesterday evening.A. something special , aB. special something, anC. anything special, anD. special anything, a19. The boy was made________, all the students started_______ when they saw him.A. to make faces, laughB. to make faces, to laughC. make faces, laughedD. make faces, laughing20.Mr Wang is very strict______ his students and he is also strict _______ his work.A. in, withB.with,inC. to,withD.with,to21.A strange thing happened_______ her last night, so she is afraid to stay at home alone tonight.A.atB.forC.withD.to22.Sheng Nong was the first________ tea as a drink.A. to discoverB. discoverC.look forD.find23.They are always made__________ 14 hours a day.A.workB.to workC.workedD. working24. ---I think Miss Wang must be in the reading room. She said she would go there.---No, she ___________ be there. I have just been there.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. wouldn’t25.I’ll go to _______ second floor to ask him_______ second time.A. the; theB. a; theC. the; aD. a; a26.When Miss Green began to_________ something, the two boys stopped______ and became quiet. A.speak,speaking B.talk,speaking C.say,talking D.tell,to say27. I am told _______ computer games before I finish my homework.A. not playB. to playC. not to playD. to not play28. Would you show me ___ an e-mail, please?A. how to makeB. how to sendC. which to sendD. when to send29.----Have you finished your work?----No, not yet. I think it’ll take_______ two hours.A.otherB. elseC.the otherD.another30. I don’t like stories ______ have unhappy endings.A. whoB. thatC. whereD. those31. The place________ he works is in the factory.A.thatB.whichC.in whichD.in where32.------OH! My tooth is aching again.-----I think you should have_________ out in the hospital.A.to pull itB.pulled itC.it pullingD. it pulled33.Susan used to_________to school, but she is used to_________ to school now.A.walk,take a busB.walk,riding a bikeC.walk,ride a bikeD.walked,took a bus34. I prefer the climate in Yunnan to ______ in Shenyang.A. itB. oneC. the oneD. that35. We think it’s very fair that some seats _________ to be large.A.designB.are designingC.are designedD. to be designed三、阅读理解(共20小题,计30分, 每小题1.5分):APaper was first made in the year 105. It was made by a Chinese named Cai Lun.For over 500 years paper was made only in China. People in Japan learned of paper around the year 600. As years went by, people in other places began to make paper.The lead(铅)pencil is not made of lead. It is made of graphite(石墨). People found graphite in 1564. They thought it was a kind of lead. Today we still call pe ncils ―lead pencils‖. The first pencils were made by putting strings(线)around sticks of graphite.The first wooden pencils were made by Kasper Faber in Germany in 1761.Erasers like those we use today were first made in France by a man named Magellan in 1752. It was Hyman L. Lipman who first put eraser on the ends of pencils. And that is how the pencils came to be.36. How many years earlier was paper made in China than in Japan?A. About 100 years.B. About 400 years.C. More than 500 years.D. 495 years37. Germans made paper _________.A. earlier than JapanB. later than JapanC. as early as JapanD. as late as Japan38. At first pencils were made of ________.A. woodB. leadC. sticksD. string and graphite39. Kasper Faber was ________.A. an EnglishmanB. a FrenchmanC. a GermanD. an American40. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Paper was first made in China.B. Graphite isn’t a kind of lead.C. The first wooden pencils were made in Germany.D. Hyman L. Lipman made the first erasers.BThis August,we’ll welcome guests from all over the world.Some of them follow theirown special cultural traditions.It’s important for us to know about them.◆In many countries,such as Thailand,India and Malaysia, people believe that the left hand is unclean.So ,it’s not proper to use one’s left hand to hold food, touch others or pass objects, Doing so may offend certain guests.◆Some Westerners may be offended if you touch them or their personal things-even by accident. If this happens, say sorry politely.◆Some elderly Westerners may be offended if you try to help them without their agreement.◆People think numbers can be lucky or unlucky. Some Westerners avoid the number 13 because they believe it is unlucky.◆Muslims(穆斯林)do not eat pork, and words like pigs are not considered proper.◆People from Brazil,Italy and Pakistan do not give handkerchiefs(手帕)as gifts.They believe a handkerchief is closely connected with unhappy feelings.◆Wine is not sent as a gift in many parts of western and middle Asia,where most Muslims live.41.Indians don’t hold food with the left hand because they consider it .A.uncleanelessC.valuelessD.unimportant42.The word“offend”in the second paragraph(段落)might mean“”.A. honorB.helpC.hateD.hurt43.Muslims do not .A.send giftsB.eat porkC.drink milke handkerchiefs44.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.People from Pakistan like to send handkerchiefs as gifts.B.All the elderly people in the west like being helped by others.C.The number 13 is thought to be unlucky by some Westerners.D.Westerners do not mind their personal things being touched.45.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.Lucky numbers.B.Traditional food.C.Culture differences.D.Hands and handkerchiefs.CMy interest in Chinese food started many years ago, when I had my first job. I was a young reporter for the Daily Journal in San Francisco. Our office wasn’t far from Chinatown. I usually managed to arrange my time so that I could go there at least two or three times a week for a good meal.When I ever ate Chinese food the first time, I loved it. And since then, it just tastes better and better to me. The first thing I noticed was the fresh tastes of the meat and vegetables. When Ilearned more about the food, I began to understand why it has this special feature.About 5000 years ago, China lost much of its wood because of over population and poor management of its forest. This loss was very bad for the country, of course, but it turned out to be very good for the food. Wood became very expensive and hard to get, so the Chinese had to learn how to use it better.In order to use less wood in cooking, they started to cut their meat and vegetables into small pieces before they put them in the hot oil. That way, the food cooked faster and they saved their fuel. The food prepared in this manner kept its fresh flavor(风味)—and it’s this flavor that attracts people to the art of Chinese cooking.I often wonder if the Chinese appreciated their solution to that ancient energy problem as much as I do now –whenever I eat Chinese food.46. This passage is mainly about _________.A. why Chinese food tastes freshB. what Chinese food tastes likeC. how Chinese food is cookedD. who makes Chinese food special47. The author got to know Chinese food __________.A. when he worked as a reporter in ChinaB. from a news story in the Daily JournalC. after he got a taste of it in the ChinatownD. before he got his first job in San Francisco48. The author thought the Chinese chop their meat and vegetables into small pieces in order to________.A. keeping its fresh flavorB. saving their hard-to-get woodC. producing a different kind of foodD. attracting westerners to their food49. The word “fu el‖ in the 4th paragraph most probably means ______A. fresh flavorB. meat and vegetableC. hot oilD. firewood50. According to the passage, the special freshness of Chinese food is the result of _______.A. the wood used to make the cooking fireB. the fast speed at which it is cookedC. the high quality of Chinese meat and vegetableD. the well-developed art of Chinese cookingDGames are fun.After hours of homework it’s great to relax by playing a game.But do games ever do kids any harm(害处)?And are there any ways parents can help kids stay away from bad games? The US researchers are trying to find solutions to these problems.They studied what video games could do to children.The researchers found game sellers had made big changes to make sure the games didn’t harm kids.And they suggested that work should be done to find out if video games affected children’s school work and health.One problem found was that parents hadn’t taken enough notice of their kids’ game-playinghabits.“Many game sellers put control(控制键)on the games to help parents make sure that children don’t play games unsuitable for them,”said David Walsh,the president(院长)of the National Institute on Media and the Family.Parents should watch the games kids are playing and know how much time they are spending playing them.The study found that playing games too long could affect kids’ health as well as their school work. Almost half of all“heavy garners”were six to seventeen years old.These kids were more likely to have weight and eyesight problems than other kids.Playing too many games also affected how children did at school.Kids are supposed to ask their parents to set a time limit(限制)for playing games and remind them when the time is up.51.The US researchers are trying to find out .A.whether games do any good to kidsB.if there are ways for parents to keep kids away from bad gamesC.how many students will spend their most time playing gamesD.whether games are fun52.The word“affected”in the second paragraph probably means .A.continued B.improved C.had influences on D.were divided between 53.What problems did the researchers find out about parents?A.Parents were too strict with their kids.B.Parents cared too much about kids’ study skills.C.Parents didn’t notice their kids’ hobbies.D.Parents didn’t pay much attention to their kids’ game playing habits.54.According to the passage,playing too many games can affect a kid’s.A.weight and height B.health and school workC.brain and thought D.manners55.The main purpose of this passage is that .A.kids are supposed to have a time limit for playing games with their parents’ h elpB.parents must join their kids in playing gamesC.parents should learn to play games from their childrenD.kids can play games with the help of their parents第Ⅱ卷(非选择题,共55分)四、听力填表(共5小题,计5分))。