新视野大学英语视听说教程第二版第2册答案(全新完整版)

UNIT4II. Listening Skills1. Good to the last drop.2. Make yourself heard.3. Obey your thirst.4. We lead. Others copy.5. No business too small, no problem toobig. 6. Drivers wanted. 7. Don't leave home without it. 8. She works while you rest.2-4-5-8-3-7-6-1III. Listening InTask 1: The Influence of AdvertisingRichard: Dad, I need a pair of new shoes for an important basketball game. My old ones look kind of funny.Father: Funny! We just bought those last spring. There‟s a lot of life left in them.Richard: But look at this ad with Yao Ming. He says these shoes give him extra spring.Father: Yao Ming is so tall that he doesn‟t need extra spring. Anyway, he makes money than I do. And they probably give him millions of dollars to wear those shoes.Richard: But if you bought me the shoes, I‟d wear them for nothing. And I‟d have that extra spring.Father: Do you think Yao Ming reached the top just because of the shoes he wears? Or was it something else?Richard: You mean like hard work, dedication, that sort of thing?Father: Exactly. Just focus on your studies and forget the shoes.1. shoes2. funny3. a lot of life4. ad5.extra spring6. money7. millions of dollars8. for nothing9. reach the top10. hard work 11. focus on 12. forgetTask 2: A job ad for a friendly employeeA firm advertising for a "friendly" employee has been asked to change its wording because it discriminates against unfriendly people.Travelco, a travel agency, put in a request for a "friendly employee" to provide food for its staff. But the Job Center in Bristol told managing director Harry Smith that he would have to remove the word "friendly" before the advertisement could be accepted.Mr. Smith said he could not believe the decision and thought it was "ridiculous". He said, "We were told we could not use that particular word because it was discriminatory against people who looked unfriendly. We thought it was ridiculous. It's only too natural for us to specify what kind of people we want." He added, "The people at the center have since said they thought they had been a little over the top."The center had made it a rule that certain words were not allowed in ads and the words "motivated" and "enthusiastic" had been banned in the past.An official of the center said, "We do have guidelines of not using personality characteristics in advertisements to ensure that there is no discrimination in the process."She added, "We should leave the dispute to the local judges. They'll make the final decision. It's possible that a member of our staff has been over-enthusiastic in cutting out words in ads."1.F2.T3.F4.F5.TTask 3: Don‟t even think about it!“Don‟t even think about it!” is a phras e commonly used in the United States when a person emphatically denies or refuse something.In 1995, Shaquille O‟ Neal, a popular basketball player, made a Pepsi commercial in which this phrase was used. The commercial begins with Shaq playing basketball, and a little kid is watching him. Then the boy cries out the name of this basketball star. Shaq turns to see the kid with a Pepsi n his hand. He walks over to the boy and says, “Hey, can I have it?” He bends over, supposing that his admirer will give him t he Pepsi. But then the kid says, “Don‟t even think about it!” This commercial was rather popular, and it had been shown on TV for about three years. The commercial seems to have a more dramatic effect than that produced by the Coca-Cola company in the 1970s. In the Coke ad a young boy meets football star “Mean” Joe Green as he is leaving the field a game. The boy gives his hero a bottle of Coke, and in exchange for the drink, the football player throws to the boy, who excitedly catches the souvenir.The phr ase “Don‟t even think about it!” is used on many other occasions. Visitors to New York City are often amused to see a road sign with these words: “Don‟t even think about parking here.” This road sign means that people are strictly prohibited from parking there.1. A2.B3.B4.C5.CIV. Speaking OutModel 1 Who pays?Laura: Hey!Bob: Hey! Look, this is a cool TV commercial. “Things go better with Coke!”Laura: I think the Pepsi commercial is just as attractive: “The choice of a new generation!”Bob: Yeah, but the competitors are just canceling out each other’s efforts.Laura: That‟s quite true. They both spend piles of money to increase their market shares, but neither gains.Bob: I‟m afraid the extra costs of advertising will be passed on to the consumers.Laura: I hear that the advertising produces a good image of a product, and that leads to consumer brand loyalty.Bob: What do you mean by consumer brand loyalty?Laura: It means c onsumers are loyal to a certain product a nd keep buying it. Also, they‟re will ing to pay more.Bob: It seems contradictory. In other words, more sales mean lower production costs, but more advertising means higher costs to the consumer. In the end the winner is of course the company.Laura: That‟s true!Now Your TurnA: Look, “Make yourself heard!” The Ericsson‟s TV commercial is so cool.B: I think the Nokia‟s commercial is just as fascinating: “Connecting People.”A: I‟m afraid consumers will have to pay for the advertising.B: I hear that the advertisements create as a favorable on\mage of a product, and that leads to consumer brand loyalty.A: Could you explain “consumer brand loyalty”?B: I mean consumers identify with the product and keep buying it. Sometimes they‟re even willing to pay more.A: It is contradictory that increases sales lead to a lower production cost per unit, but more advertising results in greater costs for consumers. The winner is always the company.B: I agree.Model 2 Beware of ads!Peter: Mind if I switch channels? Those TV commercials are killing me.Jane: How can you say that? Watch: “Take Toshiba, take the world.” Fantastic! There‟s a product you can depend on. A powerful product.Peter: If I were you, I wouldn’t trust those commercials.Jane: Now, look at this McDonald‟s commercials! Aren‟t those little kids cute? Oh, and there‟s such a warm family feeling.Peter: Just how an advertising agency wants you to see McDonald‟s. you’re the target audience.When they make TV commercials, they use scientific methods to learn what you‟ll like and buy.Jane: Are you telling me those darling little children biting into Big Macs are part of a scientific project to get me into McDonald‟s?Peter: Advertises don’t bother with facts more. Instead they want the end-user—that‟s you—to fall in love with their product.Jane: I see. So what you‟re saying is, “Watch out, or commercials will take over your life.”Now Your TurnA: Shall we switch to another channel? I don‟t like those TV commercials.B: Why do you think so? Look: Just do it! What a powerful product.A: I doubt it.B: Now, look at this L‟Oreal commercial. The model‟s skin is so smooth.A: This is what they want you to believe: use the product and you will get the same skin.B: You mean they are lying about the product? I don‟t really think so.A: Advertisers now appeal to emotions, not reason. They want you to like their product.B: Well, I don‟t really agree with you, but we can switch to another channel.Model 3 Are the free magazines free?Peter: Jane, what‟s that magazine you‟re reading?Jane: I t’s one of those free magazine you can pick up around town. It‟s got some pretty interesting articles in it.Peter: Wake up, Jane! It’s not free at all. Look at it: It‟s all advertising.Jane: Maybe so, but if the advertising pays for the magazine, then I don‟t have to.Peter: Sure you do. The cost of the ads is built into the products.Jane: Still, I think a dvertising serves a useful purpose. It tells me about new products.Peter: A lot of companies spend more money on advertising than on making quality products.Jane: But some commercials are really fascinating. Besides, you have the freedom to choose not to look at the ads.Peter: Well, it‟s time to cook dinner.Now Your TurnA: What‟s that brochure you‟re reading?B: It‟s a giveaway brochure you can easily find here and there. It‟s got some pretty interesting things in it.A: Do you really think so? It‟s not really free. Look at all the ads in it.B: Could be, but I don‟t have to pay for it.A: You bet you do. The cost6oof the ads is included in the products.B: Still, I think advertising tells me about new products. It helps me in choosing what to buy.A: This is just what the advertisers want you to do.B: But some commercials are really fascinating. Besides, you‟re didn‟t have to believe all the ads.A: Well, let‟s go s wimming.V. Let‟s TalkAdvertising techniquesTo write good advertisements, you have to remember a number of things.You should always start with the greatest benefit to consumers. For example, you can mention such advantages as money-saving, satisfying effects, improved health, better appearance, greater self-esteem and so on.In an ad, you need to use pronouns properly. As you might know, consumers are usually interested in themselves. So you must direct all your comments at them. Use you, your and yours wherever possible. You can also include we, our and ours throughout your ad, but you should use I, me and mine very sparingly.Also, it is important to use accurate numbers if possible. For example, "101 uses for this cell phone" is more likely to attract people's attention than "Many things to do with this cell phone". If an exact number does not sound convincing, use a percentage instead. For instance, if consumers are unlikely to believe that they can make "10,000 dollars" out of the advertised product, you can tell them they will "see a 20 percent increase in sales within the first year".Moreover, don't use too many adjectives and adverbs: Save these for your poetry and love letters. An ad should contain plenty of verbs to convey a sense of action and urgency so as to encourage consumers to react to the ad promptly.In finishing your ad, you should tell consumers what you want them to do. For example, "Click here for more information."1. T2.F3.T4.F5.TVI. Furthering Listening and SpeakingTask 1: Banning Cigarette AdsNancy: Hey, Robert, what do you think about cigarette ads?Robert: They‟re disgusting. Many countries have banned tobacco ads completely.Nancy: I heard in the States advertises are not allowed to show young people smoking cigarettes, neither are ads targeted at youth allowed.Robert: But advertises keep finding ways around the law. Some years ago one cigarette ad showed a deer smoking, but it was dressed in a university sweater. Obviously the ad is trying to attract young people.Nancy: In order to increase sales, they have to make smoking appealing to young people. Make them think it‟s cool.Robert: Right. Cigarette manufacturers need to keep bringing in new customers. The old ones are dying of lung cancer.Nancy: Good point. Our Student Union should do some publicity against smoking in campus.Robert: I couldn‟t agree more.1. They have banned tobacco/cigarette ads completely.2. Advertisers are not allowed to show young people smoking cigarettes.3. They keep finding ways around the law.4. They must keep bringing in new customers, as the old ones are dying of lung cancer.5. IT should do some publicity against smoking on campus.Task 2: An Introduction to AdvertisingAdvertising has become increasingly specialized in modern times. In today‟s business world, supply usually outnumbers demand. There is great competition among different manufacturers of the same kind of product to attract customers to their product. They always have to remind the consumer of the name and the qualities of their product. They do this by advertising. The manufacturers advertise in the newspapers and on posters. They sometimes pay for songs about their product in commercial radio programs. They employ attractive salesgirls to distribute samples. They organizes competitions, with prizes for the winners. They often advertise on the screens of local cinemas. Most important of all, in countries that have television, they have advertisements put into programs that will accept them. Manufacturers often spend large sums of money on advertisements. Sometimes they even spend more on ads than on the products themselves. We usually think so because of the advertisements that say so. Some people never pause to ask themselves if the advertisements are telling the truth.1.A2.C3.B4.D5.DTask 3: A Radio CommercialAre you looking for appliances or furniture to give new life to your home?Look no further! Here at Frontier Furniture, we have everything you need to give your home a new look and feel. Stereos, video machines, refrigerators, dining tables, washers and dryers. You name it; we have it! Low on cash? We have an easy rent-to-own plan that will put you on your favorite sofa tonight. Big color TVs cost only two hundred and twenty-five dollars; digital pianosstaring at three ninety-nine ($399); king size beds from two hundred and fifty dollars. Free delivery on all major appliances.So come on down to Frontier Furniture. Located downtown two blocks east of city hall, across from Union Square. We‟re open daily from 10:00 AM to 9:30 PM. So, come on in, and let us make your dream home a reality.1.F2.F3.F4.T5.FSpeakingInfluence of a High-Profile StarJill: Hey, isn‟t that the same jacket the soccer star Roberto wears in that magazine ad?Robert: The very same one indeed. Even the same color.Jill: But his would have bigger pockets to hold all the money the company pays him to wear it.Robert: You‟re just jealous. Wait a sec. I‟m going to try it on. It seems to fit me pretty well.Jill: You make me sick. You fall for every ad you see.Robert: Not at all. I want to buy it just because I like it.Jill: Sure you do. It and Roberto.Unit testPart IDirections: Listen to the short dialogs, and then choose the correct answers to the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers.1. (Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. Because short slogans are refreshing.B. Because short slogans can catch busy people's attention.C. Because only short slogans are impressive.D. Because the Coca-Cola company has set a good example.2. (Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. The man asks for some money to buy bread.B. The woman spends a lot of money shopping.C. The woman wants to buy some spring clothes for the man.D. The man is quite angry at the woman not buying him bread.3. (Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. Ads should be made by local people.B. The lipstick ad is more effective in Germany.C. Ads should be adapted for particular places.D. The same ad can be used in various places.4. (Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. To show how fast one can buy things with the card.B. To show how much he likes the card.C. To express his disagreement with the woman.D. To express his agreement with the woman.5. (Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. She is a loyal customer to Nokia.B. She is a loyal customer to Ericsson.C. She is easily influenced by advertisements.D. She is a tough consumer.Part IIDirections: Listen to the following recording, and then fill in the blanks with the missing words. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time to write the missing words. Use the second playing to check your answers.W: So, Mr. Smith, you want to increase ridership on the buses.M: (1), and we hope you can help us.W: Certainly we can. First, we must (2) of bus travel.M: How do you do that?W: Well, we'll (3) to see what people really think about taking the bus. We'll investigate (4) and so on.M: Will that work?W: It works (5). Once we get a profile of (6), we can see who we can (7).We do(2) change the change the image(3) do some surveys(4) different age groups(5) all the time(6) your users(7) targetPart IIIDirections: Listen to the following recording, and then choose the correct answers to the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers.1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a purpose of advertising?A. To encourage listeners to buy a product.B. To persuade readers to support an organization.C. To encourage readers to get rid of a certain idea.D. To persuade listeners to agree with a certain idea.2. According to the passage, who is most likely to pay for an ad?A. The advertiser.B. An advertising agency.C. The retailer.D. The shop.3. Which of the following is second in importance?A. Local advertising.B. Trade advertising.C. National advertising.D. Professional advertising.4. Which of the following is true of direct mail?A. Mail advertisements go to people with certain characteristics.B. Mail advertisements go to producers rather than professionals.C. Mail advertisements are more effective than TV commercials.D. Mail advertisements are more expensive than other forms of advertisements.5. What is the passage mainly talking about?A. The role of advertising in modern society.B. The definition and classification of ads.C. The effects of various types of ads.D. The importance of various types of ads.Part IVDirections: Choose the best answer to each of the following statements.1. Dad, I need some new shoes. My old ones look ______ funny.A. kindB. a kindC. kind ofD. a kind of2. They probably give Yao Ming millions of dollars to wear those shoes. But if you bought me the shoes, I'd wear them ________.A. nothingB. with nothingC. in nothingD. for nothing3. In the States, advertisers are not allowed ________ young people smoking cigarettes.A. showB. showingC. to showD. to be shown4. Cigarette manufacturers need to keep _______ new customers.A. bringing aboutB. bringing toC. bringing forwardD. bringing in5. Manufacturers often spend large _______ of money on the advertisements.A. volumesB. numbersC. sumsD. dollars6. "Don't _____ think about it!" is an expression commonly used in the United States when a person emphatically denies another person something.A. soB. reallyC. evenD. ever7. It is _____________ for us to specify what kind of people we want.A. too only naturalB. only too naturalC. too natural onlyD. only natural too8. Advertisers keep finding ways _____ the law.A. overB. aboutC. roundD. around9. Our student union should ___________ against smoking on campus.A. make some publicityB. do some publicityC. make some publicationD. do some publication10. We have everything you need. Stereos, video machines, refrigerators, dining room tables. _______; we have it.A. Naming itB. To name itC. You name itD. You put a name on itUNIT5II. Listening Skills1. M: The police gave a few tickets out last week along Highway 15.W: In fact, quite a few tickets were given on that road.Q: What does the woman mean?2. M: Who do you think is the smartest student in the class?W: Mary is second to none.Q: What does the woman say about Mary?3. W: What are you so happy about?M: Instead of being given a dozen cookies, we‟ve been given a baker‟s dozen.Q: How many cookies have been given to them?4. M: We have had a lot of rain over the last few years.W: But nothing like this.Q: What does the woman mean?5. M: What effect has the booming economy had on interest rates for loans?W: The interest rates have skyrocketed!Q: What does the woman mean?1. A2. B3.B4.D5.CIII. Listening InTask 1: Put the cat out!A couple was going out for the evening to celebrate the wife‟s birthday. While they were getting ready, the husband put the cat out. The taxi arrived, and as the couple walked out of their home, the cat ran back into the house. Not wanting their car to have free run of the house while they were out, the husband went back upstairs to chase the cat out. The wife, not waiting it known that the house would be empty, explained to the taxi driver, “He‟s just going upstairs to say goodbye to my mother.” A few minutes later, the husband got into the car, and said, “Sorry it took it so long. The stupid old thing was hiding unde r the bed, and I had to poke her with a stick to get her to come out!”4-1-3-5-2-6 D) She was ill-treated at home.Task 2: What can dogs do?Dogs have lived with human beings for at least 14,000 years. They are intelligent and friendly, and can serve people in many ways.Dogs are sometimes referred to as "man's best friend" because they are usually playful, friendly and they can listen to and understand humans. Since they appear to enjoy a relationship with humans, dogs are often kept as pets.Dogs can perform important activities for humans. For example, there are guard dogs, hunting dogs, herding dogs and guide dogs for the blind. There are also dogs that are trained to smell for diseases in the human body, or tofind bombs or illegal drugs. These dogs, called "sniffer dogs", sometimes assist the police at airports or in other areas. Dogs have even been sent by Russians into outer space, a few years before the first human being.Dogs are intelligent. They can learn by imitating human behavior. In one study, puppies were presented with a box and shown that when the trainer pressed a lever, a ball would roll out of it for them to play with. The pups were then allowed to interact with the box. Most of the puppies finally touched the lever to get the ball. It is probably due to their high IQ that dogs can understand instructions and communicate with humans successfully.1.A2.D3.B4.C5.CTask 3: Protecting endangered speciesAround the world, habitats are being destroyed at an alarming rate, putting many wildlife species in danger of extinction. Threatened and endangered animals and plants are found in many places throughout the globe—you may even find some in your own backyard. To protect endangered animals and plants, think both globally and locally. There are many things you can do to contribute to their protection. To begin with, you can find out what animals living near you are on the endangered species list. Spend some time learning about these animals and their habitats.You can also contribute to nature reserves and other wilderness areas. Habitat preservation is one of the best ways to help protect endangered animals. Donate money or volunteer your time helping the nature reserve preserve habitat. Or, do both.Another thing you can do is buy environmentally friendly products. Choose non-toxic cleaners that won't pollute streams, rivers or oceans. Avoid any companies that, when manufacturing products, endanger animals. Buy foods and goods that are made from materials that do not harm endangered animals or their habitats. For example, look for organic chocolate, coffee or cotton clothing that is grown without cutting down rainforests.Moreover, you can help create or restore habitats for endangered animals. You can volunteer to help with projects worldwide designed to re-establish habitat. In your own backyard, for example, plant a butterfly garden.Individual effort is not enough. You need to join a local, national or global conservation organization. Through these organizations, you can perhaps "adopt" an animal or plant a tree. The options are endless. All you need to do is a little exploring.1.C2.D3.B4.A5.CIV. Speaking OutModel 1 The dog will be company for her.John: Se-Jin, come shopping with me. I‟m buying a present for my mother.Se-Jin: What are you getting her?John: I‟ve got just the perfect idea. A dog.Se-Jin: A dog? Would she like that?John: She‟ll love it. My dad works long hours each day, and I think with me away at school, she is a bit lonely. And I‟ll just get a small one, a P ekinese.Se-Jin: Good idea! The dog will be company for her.Now Your TurnA: Hi, come shopping with me. I want to buy a gift for my neighbor.B: What for?A: His wife died a couple of weeks ago, and he is feeling lonely. He‟s been kind to us. I want to buy something to cheer him up.B: What do you want to get for him?A: I‟m thinking of buying a bunch of flowers for him.B: But I‟ve got a perfect idea. A dog.A: A dog? Why?B: He‟ll be crazy about it. He‟s so lonely; he needs company rather than beautiful flowers.A: Good thinking! The dog can keep him company.Model 2 Where to walk dogs?Bob: There‟s some talk of a businessman building a dog park in Shanghai.Laura: Really, what on earth for?Bob: Apparently there is a law against having dogs on the streets.Laura: Does it mean that the dogs have to stay inside apartments at all times?Bob: It sounds pretty cruel, doesn‟t it? Maybe the park is a good idea.Laura: Maybe they should just allow people to walk their dogs on the streets.Bob: But in many large cities where dogs can be walked, the streets are a mess. I heard Paris is the worst.Laura: Couldn‟t people just clean up after their dogs?Bob: Would they?Now Your TurnA: Have you heard the city has passes a law against walking dogs in the streets?B: S ure, it‟s published in the newspapers.A: It means that dogs have to be kept inside all the time.B: It‟s rather cruel, isn‟t it? We shouldn‟t be so cruel to dumb animals.A: But dogs often leave a mess from their dogs.B: But owners can clean up the mess from their dogs.A: Would they?B: Perhaps the best solution is to build a dog park. Then people can walk their dogs there.A: Sounds too good to be realistic. The city is already too crowed without the dogs.Model 3 What does having a few fish do for you?Philip: Wow! I see you‟ve bought an aquarium. Nice!Peter: You should get one too. I highly recommend it.Philip: Why? What does having a few fish do for you?Peter: I find it relaxing just to sit down and watch tropical fish at the end of a tiring day.Philip: I can understand. I like to take it easy after work , too.Peter: There‟s more than that. They‟re really fascinating. They give you hours of entertainment, believe me.Philip: Perhaps I should give it a try.Peter: OK, I can lend you a couple of good reference books.Philip: Great! Any other tips on getting started?Now Your TurnA: Wow! You‟ve bought a discman! It does look nice!B: You‟d better buy one as well. I strongly recommend it.A: Why? What can it do for you?B: I find it relaxing to listen to music on it.A: I can understand. After a day‟s work I like to relax a bit myself.B: Not only that. Some music cheers you up and makes you forget all your troubles.A: Maybe I should have a try, but I don‟t know how to use the diskman.B: OK, I can lend you this manual.A: Wonderful! Any other tips on getting starded?V. Let‟s TalkAn Intelligent DogA black dog walked into a butcher‟s shop with a five-dollar bill in his mouth. He spent several minutes looking at the meat on display. He finally fixed his eyes on the lamb chops and barked, showing that he wanted to buy some of them. The butcher, thinking the dog wouldn‟t know the difference, picked out the worst chops. The dog barked angrily and continued to bark until the butcher selected the finest chops. After the butcher took the money from the dog‟s mouth, the dog picked up the chops and left the shop.The butcher was deeply impressed and decided that he would like to own a clever dog like that. He closed up shop and followed the dog to see where it went. The dog entered an apartment house, climbed to the third floor, and began to scratch on the door. With that, the door opened and an angry man started yelling at the dog. As he did so, the butcher stepped forward to ask the man to stop. “What are you doing?” That‟s the smartest animal I‟ve ever seen! Surely it doesn‟t deserve this kind of treatment.” The butcher then went on to explain how the dog had bought the best lamb chops in the shop. The man looked at the butcher from the corner of his eye and s aid, “I don‟t think he‟s so intelligent. You see, this is third time this week he‟s forgotten his key.”。