高中英语独立主格结构(共25张PPT)
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独立主格结构 常见类型及其用法
一、独立主格结构的构成形式 1、逻辑主语+V-ing
两个分句间如没连词，从句的谓语要 作相应改变。如：
1) ___A_____no bus, we had to walk home. A. There being B. Being C. Having been D. There was
C. Weather permitting D. Permitting 答案C. =If time permits, …
2._____B____, he finished playing the game
of chess.
A. His eyes closing B. With his eyes closed
3、逻辑主语+形容词（副词） 省去连词后的“主—系—表”结构：
1)____B___, the patient can leave the hospital. A. Better conditions B. Conditions better C. Conditions are better D. Being better conditions
A. Being Sunday B. Sunday OK
C. Sunday is OK D. If Sunday OK
4.___D___, we’d like to go outing.
A. If Sunday is OK B. Sunday being OK
C. Sunday OK
D. A, B and C
D. all the above． 还可以：“…with a dog following him.” (不简明）
更多练习 1.省略连词后，主动的谓语变成-ing形式； 2.省略连词后，被动句的谓语变成-ed形式。 3.两句的主语相同，不是独立主格结构。
改写时，分句的主语可以省略，也可保 留，少用、慎用。
5.___D__, you can wait a while.
A. The play being still on
B. The play still on
C. Being still on the play
D. A and B
1. 原因状语：可以用独立结构（没有连词） 2. 原因状语从句：（从句当然有连词，不然用分号）
D. After the signal was given
3)___B___, the text became easier for us to learn. A. Explaining new words B. New words explained C. Being explained new words D. Having explained new words
2.)___D__, the patient will recover himself soon. A. If the treatment is in time B. The treatment in time C. The treatment being in time
D. A,B and C
4、伴随状语 并列句省去连词，将分句的谓语进行改变。
B. Giving the signal
B. The signal being given D. The signal giving
2)____D______, the train started.
A. After having given the signal B. After the signal given C. Giving the signal
1.__A___ , the teacher told the class to go through
the text A. Checking the answers B. Checking the answers and C. When checking the answers and D. all the above
A. As they were B. Being
C. Because they were D. all the above
2、时间状语
1.___D____ the students’ homework, the teacher
found a lot of mistakes.
A. When he was correcting B. When he was corrected
1.__D___, I had to ask for two days’ leave.
A. Mother being ill B. Bother ill C. As mother was ill D. A,B and C
2.___D_____, we have to work late into the night.
1.___D___ more time, he is sure to finish his test paper.
A. If he is given B. If given
C. Given D. all the above
2.___D____ another chance, I'll do my job better.
C. Closed eyes D. Closed his eyes
3.____B____, I couldn’t get the book I wanted.
A. Closed
B. Library closed
C. Closing library D. With library closing
三、主语和逻辑主语相同 从属连词when, if, unless, though, while等 加分词的时候不要与and, but, or, so等混用。
A. The exam near B. The exam being near
C. As the exam is near D. A,B and C
2、时间状语
由连词when, as soon as, after等引导的时间状语从句； 省略连词的独立结构（状语）
1.___D_____, the train started.
A. The signal given B. After the signal was given C. Given the signal D. A and B
2.__D______, the text became easier for us to learn.
A. New words explained B. When new words were explained C. When teacher explained new words
A. If I have B. If having
C. Having D. all the above
4、伴随状语
1 . Father came back, __A____a bag of money on his left shoulder.
A. carrying
B. he was carrying
2).The boy fell asleep,___A______. A. cap on head B. with a cap on head C. a cap on was on head D. all the above
答案B应为：with a cap on his head （不简明）
3.Father came home,___D____ A. a dog following him B. followed by a dog C. being followed by a dog
1).We have lessons every day, ____A____. A. Sunday included B. Sunday including C. Sunday is including D. all the above
可以理解为: “…，and Sunday is included”
主语相同，就不叫独立结构
分词短语在句中常作以下状语：
1、原因状语 1.___D____late, we had to walk home.
A. Being
B. As we were
C. We being D. A and B 2.____D__ busy, they had no time to play.
2)____C__, the patient can leave the hospital. A. If better conditions B. If conditions better C. If conditions are better D. Being better conditions
3.__B___, we’d like to go outing.
4)__D____Sunday, the library doesn't open. A.As it being B.Being C.It is D.As it is
2、逻辑主语+V-ed
例1）分句间没连词，从句的谓语变成了非谓语。
1)___A______, the train started.
A. The signal given
2.____C___a rainy day, so all the farmers had to stay inside. A.It being B.Being C.It was D.all the above
3.As__B____a little sick, he remained at the clinic. A. feeling B. he felt C. he felling D. all the above
格结构，原分句的主语，成为“逻辑 主语”，逻辑主语不能省去； 2。“with + 复合宾语+其他”结构也有 逻辑主语。逻辑主语和主句的主语不 一致。
1.___C___, we’ll go fishing in the country.
A. Permitting weather B. Weather permitted
2)___B____no bus, we had to walk home. A.As there being B.As there was C.Being D.There was
3)___C____Sunday, the library doesn't open. A.Being B.There being C.It being D.Having been
D. all the above
3、条件状语 独立主格结构作条件状语,可以改为由if引导 的条件状语从句。如： 1).__D____, we’ll go to visit the Great Wall.
A. Weather permitting B. If weather permits C. If permitting D. A and B
4)__A__, the text became easier for us to learn. A. When new words were explained B. Explaining new words C. New words explaining
D. Being explained new words
C. and carrying D. all the above
2.Father came back, ____D___ by a monkey.
A.and he was followed B. followed
C. and was followed D. A and B
二、逻辑主语 1.分句的连词省略后，分句变成独立主
C. Correcting D. A and C
2.___D___by your teachers, you are supposed to be
modest. A. When you are praised B. Praised C. When praised D. all the above
3、条件状语
一、独立主格结构的构成形式 1、逻辑主语+V-ing
两个分句间如没连词，从句的谓语要 作相应改变。如：
1) ___A_____no bus, we had to walk home. A. There being B. Being C. Having been D. There was
C. Weather permitting D. Permitting 答案C. =If time permits, …
2._____B____, he finished playing the game
of chess.
A. His eyes closing B. With his eyes closed
3、逻辑主语+形容词（副词） 省去连词后的“主—系—表”结构：
1)____B___, the patient can leave the hospital. A. Better conditions B. Conditions better C. Conditions are better D. Being better conditions
A. Being Sunday B. Sunday OK
C. Sunday is OK D. If Sunday OK
4.___D___, we’d like to go outing.
A. If Sunday is OK B. Sunday being OK
C. Sunday OK
D. A, B and C
D. all the above． 还可以：“…with a dog following him.” (不简明）
更多练习 1.省略连词后，主动的谓语变成-ing形式； 2.省略连词后，被动句的谓语变成-ed形式。 3.两句的主语相同，不是独立主格结构。
改写时，分句的主语可以省略，也可保 留，少用、慎用。
5.___D__, you can wait a while.
A. The play being still on
B. The play still on
C. Being still on the play
D. A and B
1. 原因状语：可以用独立结构（没有连词） 2. 原因状语从句：（从句当然有连词，不然用分号）
D. After the signal was given
3)___B___, the text became easier for us to learn. A. Explaining new words B. New words explained C. Being explained new words D. Having explained new words
2.)___D__, the patient will recover himself soon. A. If the treatment is in time B. The treatment in time C. The treatment being in time
D. A,B and C
4、伴随状语 并列句省去连词，将分句的谓语进行改变。
B. Giving the signal
B. The signal being given D. The signal giving
2)____D______, the train started.
A. After having given the signal B. After the signal given C. Giving the signal
1.__A___ , the teacher told the class to go through
the text A. Checking the answers B. Checking the answers and C. When checking the answers and D. all the above
A. As they were B. Being
C. Because they were D. all the above
2、时间状语
1.___D____ the students’ homework, the teacher
found a lot of mistakes.
A. When he was correcting B. When he was corrected
1.__D___, I had to ask for two days’ leave.
A. Mother being ill B. Bother ill C. As mother was ill D. A,B and C
2.___D_____, we have to work late into the night.
1.___D___ more time, he is sure to finish his test paper.
A. If he is given B. If given
C. Given D. all the above
2.___D____ another chance, I'll do my job better.
C. Closed eyes D. Closed his eyes
3.____B____, I couldn’t get the book I wanted.
A. Closed
B. Library closed
C. Closing library D. With library closing
三、主语和逻辑主语相同 从属连词when, if, unless, though, while等 加分词的时候不要与and, but, or, so等混用。
A. The exam near B. The exam being near
C. As the exam is near D. A,B and C
2、时间状语
由连词when, as soon as, after等引导的时间状语从句； 省略连词的独立结构（状语）
1.___D_____, the train started.
A. The signal given B. After the signal was given C. Given the signal D. A and B
2.__D______, the text became easier for us to learn.
A. New words explained B. When new words were explained C. When teacher explained new words
A. If I have B. If having
C. Having D. all the above
4、伴随状语
1 . Father came back, __A____a bag of money on his left shoulder.
A. carrying
B. he was carrying
2).The boy fell asleep,___A______. A. cap on head B. with a cap on head C. a cap on was on head D. all the above
答案B应为：with a cap on his head （不简明）
3.Father came home,___D____ A. a dog following him B. followed by a dog C. being followed by a dog
1).We have lessons every day, ____A____. A. Sunday included B. Sunday including C. Sunday is including D. all the above
可以理解为: “…，and Sunday is included”
主语相同，就不叫独立结构
分词短语在句中常作以下状语：
1、原因状语 1.___D____late, we had to walk home.
A. Being
B. As we were
C. We being D. A and B 2.____D__ busy, they had no time to play.
2)____C__, the patient can leave the hospital. A. If better conditions B. If conditions better C. If conditions are better D. Being better conditions
3.__B___, we’d like to go outing.
4)__D____Sunday, the library doesn't open. A.As it being B.Being C.It is D.As it is
2、逻辑主语+V-ed
例1）分句间没连词，从句的谓语变成了非谓语。
1)___A______, the train started.
A. The signal given
2.____C___a rainy day, so all the farmers had to stay inside. A.It being B.Being C.It was D.all the above
3.As__B____a little sick, he remained at the clinic. A. feeling B. he felt C. he felling D. all the above
格结构，原分句的主语，成为“逻辑 主语”，逻辑主语不能省去； 2。“with + 复合宾语+其他”结构也有 逻辑主语。逻辑主语和主句的主语不 一致。
1.___C___, we’ll go fishing in the country.
A. Permitting weather B. Weather permitted
2)___B____no bus, we had to walk home. A.As there being B.As there was C.Being D.There was
3)___C____Sunday, the library doesn't open. A.Being B.There being C.It being D.Having been
D. all the above
3、条件状语 独立主格结构作条件状语,可以改为由if引导 的条件状语从句。如： 1).__D____, we’ll go to visit the Great Wall.
A. Weather permitting B. If weather permits C. If permitting D. A and B
4)__A__, the text became easier for us to learn. A. When new words were explained B. Explaining new words C. New words explaining
D. Being explained new words
C. and carrying D. all the above
2.Father came back, ____D___ by a monkey.
A.and he was followed B. followed
C. and was followed D. A and B
二、逻辑主语 1.分句的连词省略后，分句变成独立主
C. Correcting D. A and C
2.___D___by your teachers, you are supposed to be
modest. A. When you are praised B. Praised C. When praised D. all the above
3、条件状语