【2021英语二轮复习】读后续写专练(全国新高考)(1)

【2021英语二轮复习】读后续写专练
全国新高考（1）
【题型概述】
读后续写是随着我国高考改革由教育部考试中心研制的英语高考新题型，2016年10月在浙江省首次使用。

该题型通过读写结合，检测学生的英语书面语言理解与表达能力。

要求学生能够梳理故事文体的结构、分析故事发展的线索、想像故事发展的情节以及续写故事的发展和结局。

从试题结构看，读后续写评价的是书面理解能力和书面表达能力。

因此，在写作之前，首先读懂文本，理清故事情节，然后构思故事的发展和结局。

下面介绍一下读后续写的答题技巧：
【答题策略】
1.通读文本，提取线索词和信息句，写出每段段落大意。

2. 根据文本每段内容，结合所给续写部分的首句，构思完整的故事情节。

3. 根据续写部分所提供的首句，写出续写部分每段的段落大意，围绕续写部分的段落大意进行合理的细节描写。

4. 润色成篇。

【实战练习】
一
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

As Amy Hagadorn rounded the corner across the hall from her classroom, she crashed with a tall boy from the fifth grade running in the opposite direction.
“Watch it, Squirt,” the boy yelled, as he dodged around the little third grader. Then, wit h an unfriendly smile on his face, the boy mimicked the way Amy limped (跛行) when she walked. Amy tried to ignore his mean teasing. She felt deeply lonely, because there were full of other students teasing about her speech or her limping.
Back home at the d inner table that evening Amy was quiet. That’s why Patti Hagadorn was happy to have some exciting news to share with her daughter.
“There’s a Christmas Wish Contest on the radio station,” she announced. “Write a letter to Santa and you might win a prize. I think someone at this table with blond curly hair should enter.”
Amy giggled. The contest sounded like fun. She started thinking about what she wanted most for Christmas. While Amy worked away at her best printing, the rest of the family tried to guess wh at gifts she might ask from Santa. But Amy wasn’t ready to reveal her secret Christmas wish just then.
Here is Amy’s letter to Santa, just as she wrote it that night:
Dear Santa Clause,
My name is Amy. I’m 9 years old. I have a problem at school. Can you help me, Santa? Kids laugh at me because of the way I walk and run and talk. I have cerebral palsy (大脑性瘫痪). I just want one day when no one laughs at me or makes fun of me.
Love,
Amy At radio station WJLT in Fort Wayne, Indiana, letters poured in for the Christmas Wish Contest. When Amy’s letter arrived, manager Lee Tobin read it carefully. He knew cerebral palsy was a muscle disorder that might confuse the schoolmates of Amy who didn’t understand her disability. He thought it would be good for the people in Fort Wayne to hear about this special third grader and her unusual wish. Mr. Tobin called up the local newspaper.
注意：
1. 续写的词数应为150左右。

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

The next day, a picture of Amy and her letter to Santa made the front page of the News-Sentinel.
During that unforgettable Christmas season, over two thousand people from all over the world sent Amy letters of friendship and support and Amy and her family read every single one.
二
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was an unusually quiet day in the emergency room on December 25. Quiet, that is, except for those who were standing around the nurses’ station complaining about having to work Christmas Day. I was triage nurse that day and had just been out to the waiting room to clean up. Just then five bodies showed up at my triage desk, a pale woman and four small children.
“Are you all sick?” I asked suspiciously.
“Yes,” she said weakly and lowered her head.
But when it came to descriptions of their presenting problems, things got a little vague. Two of the children had headaches, but the headaches weren’t accompanied by the normal body language of holding the head or trying to keep it still. Two children had earaches, but only one could tell me which ear was affected. The mother complained of a cough but seemed to work to produce it.
Something was wrong, but I didn’t say anything but explained to the mother that it might be a little while before a doctor saw her. She responded, “Take your time; it’s warm in here.” She turned and, with a smile, guided her children into the waiting room.
On a hunch (call it nursing judgment), I checked the chart after the admitting clerk had finished registering the family. No address—they were homeless. The waiting room was warm. I looked out at the family huddled by the Christmas tree. The youngest one was pointing at the television and exclaiming something to her mother. The oldest one was looking at her reflection in an ornament on the Christmas tree.
I went back to the nurses’ station and mentioned we had a homeless family in the waiting room. The nurses, complaining about working Christmas, turned to compassion for a family just trying to get warm on Christmas. The team went int o action, much as we do when there’s a medical emergency. But this one was a Christmas emergency. A special Christmas party was to be held.
注意：
1. 续写的词数应为150左右。

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

We were all offered a free meal in the hospital cafeteria on Christmas Day,
When the party ended, as the family walked to the door to leave
三
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Steve, a twelve-year-old boy with alcoholic parents, was about to be lost forever, by the U.S. education system. He could read, yet, in spite of his reading skills, Steve was failing. He had been
failing since first grade. Steve was a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a twelve-year-old, yet, Steve went unnoticed...until Miss White came.
Miss White was a smiling, young, beautiful lady. For the first time in his young life, Steve couldn’t take his eyes off his teacher; yet, still he failed.
In the middle of the first semester of school, the entire seventh grade was tested for basic skills. Steve hurried through his tests, and continued to dream of other things. His heart was not in school, but in the woods, where he often escaped alone camping there, trying to shut out the sights, sounds and smells of his alcoholic home. No one checked on him to see if he was safe. No one knew he was gone, because no one cared. Oddly, Steve never missed a day of school.
One day, Miss White’s impatient voice broke into his daydreams.
“Steve!” Startled, he turned to look at her.
“Pay attention!” She began to go over the test results for the seventh grade.
“You all did pretty well,” she told the class, “except for one boy, and it breaks my heart to tell you this, but...” She hesitated, pinning Steve to his seat with a sharp stare, her eyes searching his face.
“... The smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class!”
She just stared at Steve, as the class spun around for a good look. Steve dropped his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.
After that, Steve still wouldn’t do his homework. Even as the punishments becam e more severe, he remained stubborn.
“Just try it! ONE WEEK!” He was unmoved.
“You’re smart enough! You’ll see a change!” Nothing fazed him.
“Give yourself a chance! Don’t give up on your life!” Nothing.
“Steve! Please! I care about you!”
Wow! Suddenly, Steve got it! Someone cared about him? Someone, so beautiful and perfect, CARED ABOUT HIM?!
注意：
1. 续写的词数应为150左右。

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Steve went home from school, thoughtful, that afternoon.
The following Monday, Miss White, gave a quiz on the weekend homework.
【解析及范文】
一
（一）试题详解
1. 核心内容
文本主要内容为：Amy患大脑性瘫痪，在学校经常被同学取笑，她感到孤独，很不开心。

一次偶然的机会，Amy从妈妈那里得知电台要举行一次圣诞心愿比赛，她的愿望是能有一天不被取笑。

这个与众不同的愿望引起了电台经理的注意，于是他决定让全市人民听到这位特别的女孩的心声与愿望。

2. 写作思路
（1）明确故事人物关系（characters）。

故事中主要人物：Amy Hagadorn、她母亲Patti Hagadorn、取笑Amy的男孩、电台经理Lee Tobin。

（2）理清故事主要事件（events）。

Amy患有残疾，同学对她不友好，模仿她走路的样子；因为在校经常遭到同学们嘲笑，Amy倍感孤独；母亲得知情况后，让她参加电台组织的圣诞节心愿比赛；令母亲始料未及的是，Amy的圣诞心愿不是像其他同学那样希望得到礼物；而是有一天能够不受同学嘲笑；这个不同寻常的愿望引起了电台经理的关注，他决定播出这个有特别意义的愿望。

（3）根据已知人物、事件及续写段落首句预测故事发展（development）。

按照故事的发展，在各大媒体的帮助下，Amy的特别心愿最后应该得到了满足。

续写第一段：Amy的圣诞心愿迅速成了报纸的头条。

可以写各家报纸竞相报道，热心人给Amy 的信件不断涌来，表达他们的祝福与鼓励等。

续写第二段：人们寄来了饱含友情与支持的信件。

可以写人们在信中表达的内容，如分享自己类似的经历，鼓励Amy勇于克服困难等。

面对如此多的信件，Amy感觉人们的关心使她不再孤单。

也可以写她的心愿得到满足的过程、她的内心感受及部分学生态度的改变等。

（二）参考范文
The next day, a picture of Amy and her letter to Santa made the front page of the News-Sentinel.The story spread quickly. All across the country, newspapers and radio and television station reported the story of the little girl in Fort Wayne, who asked for such a simple, yet remarkable Christmas gift—just one day without teasing. Suddenly the postman was a regular at her house. Envelopes of all sizes addressed to Amy arrived daily from children and adults throughout the nation. They came filled with holiday greetings and words of encouragement.
During that unforgettable Christmas season, over two thousand people from all over the world sent Amy letters of friendship and support and Amy and her family read every single one. Some of the writers had disabilities. Some thanked Amy for being brave enough to speak up. Others encouraged her to ignore teasing and to carry her head high. Through these letters, Amy glimpsed a world full of people who truly cared about each other without feeling lonely any more. Amy did get her wish of a special day without teasing.Additionally, everyone at school learnt a universal lesson that everyone wants and deserves to be treated with respect, dignity and warmth.
（三）范文解析
范文写了自Amy的心愿成为报纸头条后，消息不胫而走，各家媒体竞相报道。

范文特别提到邮递员成了她家常客，饱含节日问候和鼓励话语的信件纷至沓来。

Amy认真阅读每
一封信，信件内容不同但都表达了对她的关心与鼓励。

这些洋溢温情的信件使Amy的孤独顿时烟消云散，她的心愿得到了满足。

更重要的是，学校师生有了一个意外的收获：他们从Amy身上明白了最深刻的做人道理——人人都希望得到别人的尊重、理解和关爱。

这也是本文的主题所在。

（四）提炼归纳
1. 语言上渲染表达效果
范文在第一段运用了丰富的词汇来说明自从Amy的心愿成为报纸头条后，消息传播速度之快（quickly, suddenly)、范围之广（all across the country, throughout)，人们对Amy的特殊圣诞心愿响应积极迅速（envelopes of all size, arrived daily)。

第二段描写人们给Amy的信件内容时，范文运用了“some..., some..., others...”的结构，表达效果好。

2. 内容上烘托主题
本文旨在通过Amy Hagadorn参加Christmas Wish Contest的故事告诉我们：人人都希望得到别人的尊重、理解和关爱。

所以第二段最后除了讲述Amy的愿望得到实现后，学校师生也受到了教育，学到了一条重要的做人道理。

二
（一）试题详解
1. 核心内容
文本主要内容为：圣诞节当日，作者在医院护士站加班时遇到无家可归的一家人，一位母亲带着四个孩子以看病为由留在医院取暖。

得知这件事，护士站所有的护士停止了对加班的抱怨，用心地为这家人举办了一个紧急而特殊的圣诞聚会，不仅给这一家人带来了温暖和感激，也为他们自己留下了难忘的记忆。

2. 写作思路
（1）明确故事人物关系（characters）。

故事中主要人物为作者（护士）、护士站的护士们、无家可归的一家人（一位母亲和四个孩子）。

（2）理清故事主要事件（events）。

作者（值班护士）遇到前来看病的一家人；作者发现这一家人无家可归，想以看病为由留在医院取暖；作者将此事告诉其他护士，护士们出于同情，决定帮助这一家人举行一个紧急而特殊的圣诞聚会。

（3）根据已知人物、事件及续写段落首句预测故事发展（development）。

故事总体的发展可能是护士们在短时间内精心为这一家人准备圣诞聚会，这一家人度过了温暖而美好的圣诞节，并向医院的护士们表达他们的感恩之情。

续写第一段：护士们圣诞节这一天在医院可以领取免费餐，很可能他们用这个为聚会准备了食物。

圣诞节还需要准备礼物，可以写他们如何想办法准备礼物。

这一段主要描述护士们的尽心准备的过程。

续写第二段：聚会结束，这一家人准备离开的时候。

这样的场合可以描写这一家人的感受和反应。

他们内心一定是充满感激的，也一定会通过言语和行为表达这种感激之情。

同时，可以考虑护士们的反应和感受，对照文章一开始的抱怨，护士们此刻的内心应该也是感动和幸福的。

（二）参考范文
We were all offered a free meal in the hospital cafeteria on Christmas Day, so we asked for that meal and prepared a banquet for our Christmas guests. We also needed presents, so we put together candies, fruits and other things available from different apartments. Rushing in and out of
the waiting room, our team made great efforts to make a warm party to meet the needs of a homeless family who just wanted to be warm on Christmas Day.
When the party ended, as the family walked to the door to leave, the mother came running back, gave me a hug and whispered, “Thanks for being our angels today.” As she r an back, they all waved one more time before the door closed. Inside the nurse station, there stood a group of nurses with tears in their eyes, who worked a Christmas Day that they will never forget.
（三）范文解析
范文围绕文章的内容进行了合情合理的拓展。

根据原文的最后一句话，以及续写第一段所给的句子，可以推测文章接下去描述护士们忙着准备聚会的过程。

根据生活常识，聚会需要准备食物、礼物。

根据上文，聚会的地点应该在候诊室，护士们匆忙进出，为准备聚会付出了极大的努力。

第二段根据所给的句子“聚会结束，一家人准备离开”，描述离开时这一家人表示感激的语言和行为。

同时，呼应文章开头护士们埋怨的情绪，描述故事结尾护士们的感受，通过情感的变化体现故事的主题。

（四）提炼归纳
1. 立足主体拓展情节
万事开头难。

续写最难的是从何开始。

在这一点上我们可以立足主体。

主体的选择应参考文本所提供的关键词以及续写两段给出句子的主语。

然后从主体出发，结合故事情节的发展，提出以主体为中心的各个问题，进行筛选和整合。

例如范文中我们抓住“our team (nurses)”，“the family”以及“the party”三个主体，第一段的续写根据首句主语We以及原文的最后一句“A special Christmas party was to be held.”来确定本段的主体为“our team”和“the party”，围绕这两个主体确定本段围绕“How did our team prepare for the party?”这个话题展开。

第二段根据时间状语从句中的主语“the family”来确定本段的主体“the family”，结合故事发展，围绕“How did the family react to what we did?”来写。

2. 巧妙利用空间名词衔接
记叙文经常按照时间顺序或空间顺序来衔接语篇。

在构思续写活动的时候，时间顺序往往是最先考虑到的。

但很多时候，空间名词的巧妙利用不仅可以起到衔接的作用，还可以给人以生动的画面感。

例如范文第一段的续写中，“rushing in and out of the waiting room”，以及第二段的“inside the nurse station”两个空间名词的使用，既连接了前后的内容，又以一种镜头切换的方式给人以生动的画面感。

三
（一）试题详解
1. 核心内容
文本主要内容为：12岁的男孩Steve的父母都是酒鬼，为逃离满是酒精味的家，他常一个人去树林里露营。

自上学以来他考试从未合格，从来没有人关注和关心他，直到他七年级的时候遇到了Miss White。

无论老师怎么关注他，在全班同学面前鼓励他，他在学习上还是无动于衷，考试还是不合格。

直到有一次老师对他说她很关心他，这一句话他才听进去了。

2. 写作思路
（1）明确故事人物关系（characters）。

故事中主要人物为七年级男孩Steve和他的老师Miss White。

（2）理清故事主要事件（events）。

见“核心内容”部分。

（3）根据已知人物、事件及续写段落首句预测故事发展（development)。

故事总体的发展可能是Steve 听进去了老师的那句“我关心你”，内心受到了极大的冲击，开始思考与改变。

第一段续写根据首句“那天下午，Steve满怀思绪地回家”可以推断这一天的回家过程一定有所不同。

根据上文，Steve父母是酒鬼，他讨厌待在家里，常常一个人去树林玩。

所以那天下午回家之后他还是有可能去树林，但这一次一定是与学习有关。

第二段续写根据首句“周一老师进行了测试”，可以预测这一次考试Steve的表现肯定出乎老师的预料，他应该通过了考试。

（二）参考范文
Steve went home from school, thoughtful, that afternoon. Walking into the house, he took one look around. Both parents were drunken and passed out, the room filled with smell of alcohol! With a look of disgust, he quickly gathered up his camping equipment, a jar of peanut butter, some bread, a bottle of water, and this time...his schoolbooks. Determined, he headed for the woods.
The following Monday, Miss White, gave a quiz on the weekend homework.Steve hurried through the test, and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of surprise, Miss White took his paper. Obviously puzzled, she began to look it over. Steve walked back to his desk, sitting and looking at the beautiful lady. Miss White’s face was in total shock! Suddenly, her face broke into a bright smile. The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!
（三）范文解析
范文第一段根据首句提示“Steve那天下午满心思绪地回家”描写了他回家以后发生的变化。

根据前面的文章，我们了解到Steve的家庭情况：父母是酒鬼，他讨厌家里的样子、声音和味道，为逃避这些，他常常一个人跑去树林露营。

根据这些信息范文首先描写了Steve 回家以后看到的家里的情景；父母醉酒昏睡，家里酒气熏天。

Steve对于这些感到恶心厌恶，于是带上露营设备、食物和水去树林。

但是这一次因为老师的那句话，他带上了课本，脸上露出坚定的表情，表明了他内心的改变。

第二段根据首句应该描写课堂测试的情况，根据上文预测结果应该是通过了考试。

范文将考试过程中Steve和老师的动作、表情和心理都细致地呈现出来。

（四）提炼归纳
1. 充分挖掘文章信息
读后续写不是天马行空，也不是闭门造车，而是要在充分了解原文内容的基础上根据原文的逻辑线索去拓展文章的情节。

换句话说，续写的内容要能在文章中找到支持的证据。

所以续写构思时要充分挖掘文章的信息，不仅仅关注关键词和粗线条的故事情节，还要关注一些貌似不重要的细节。

这篇范文的第一段就充分关注了文中关于“his alcoholic parents”以及“he often escaped alone camping (in the woods)”的细节，在续写时描写了家里的场景以及他去树林的行动。

2. 以“行为动作”为中心
续写需对文章的情节进行拓展，而情节的发展应该以“行为动作”为中心，因此在续写时要注意关注动作的延续，丰富动词的使用，避免整段描写心理感受。

对表情、感受等的描写应作为修饰和补充。

例如这篇文章第一段的续写容易写成心理活动。

第二段范文对考试过程的描写用了“hurried through, hand in, took, look over, walked back, broke into”等动词，用状语等形式描写表情和感受，如“with a look of surprise, obviously puzzled”等，避免简单叙述结果，大笔墨描写感受的情况。