2021年云浮市云浮中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析

2021年云浮市云浮中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
You might not expect it, but cows are a large source of the greenhouse gases that are driving climate change. Cows produce lots of methane by breaking down the grass, Now scientists have shown that the pollution from cows canbe reduced by adding a little seaweed to their food.
Scientists first discovered that seaweed could help control methane from cows several years ago. But this work was done in a laboratory, there were many questions about whether the idea could work in real life.
In the lab studies, the cows were given quite a bit of seaweed, and they would cause losing weight. That wasn't helpful, since cows are often sold by weight. It also wasn't clear if the seaweed would stop working if it was used for a longer period of time.
Now, scientists from the University of California, Davis have answered several of these questions.
The researchers studied 21 cows on a farm for about five months. They taught the cows to get their food from inside a special hood, which allowed the scientists to measure the methane that the cows were giving off. This time, they used a much smaller amount of seaweed, which they mixed with the cows' food.
The results were surprisingly good. In some cases, the cows produced 82% less methane. The improvement depended on the kind of food the cows were given, but even the worst-polluting cows produced 33% less methane.
Over the five months, the scientists didn't see any signs that the cows' stomachs were getting used to the seaweed and starting to produce more methane again.
Another surprise came when they looked at the weight of the cows. The cows that were fed seaweed gained just as much weight as the other cows, but they didn't need as much food.
But there are still some big problems with the idea of feeding cows seaweed. For one thing, there's notadequateseaweed to feed all of the cows in the world. So farmers would have to figure out a way to grow lots of seaweed.
A bigger problem is that for most of their lives, cows live in fields, where they eat the grass. That means there's no chance to feed them seaweed every day. These problems need to be taken seriously if the world is going to avoid the worst effects of the climate crisis.
Still, it's true that something as simple as feeding cows seaweed can help reduce some of the pollution causing the climate crisis.
1. Why did the scientists do the experiment on the farm?
A. To control the amount of seaweed.
B. To record the weight cows gained.
C. To confirm the effect of seaweed in real life.
D. To measure the amount of seaweed cows ale.
2. The underlined word “adequate” means ________ .
A. common
B. special
C. lacking
D. enough
3. The passage is written to ________ .
A. appeal to people not to raise the cows
B. encourage people to plant the seaweed
C. remind people of controlling cows' weight
D. call on people to take actions to reduce the pollution
B
Newspapers in Great Britainvarygreatly in their ways of carrying the news. There are serious papers for those who want to know about important happenings everywhere, both at home and abroad. There are popular newspapers for those who prefer entertainment to information.
The London newspaper that is best known outside Great Britain is probably the Times. It began in 1785, and has a high reputation for believable news and serious opinions on the news. It calls itself an independent paper, which means that it does not give its support to a particular political party. Its leading articles give the opinions of the editors, not those of the owners of the paper.
Letters to the editor are printed in the newspaper. These parts of the Times are always interesting. Most of the letters are serious subjects. But from time to time there will be long letters on the subject which is not at all serious, perhaps on a new fashion of dress, or the bad manners of the young people, compared with manners of thirty years ago.
4. If you want to get pleasure, please buy yourself _________.
A. a serious newspaper
B. foreign newspaper
C. any independent paper
D. a popular newspaper
5. The Times has been famous to outside Great Britain for ________ years.
A. 19
B. 85
C. 236
D. 229
6. The Times is an independent paper because ________.
A. it supports no political parties
B. it is not controlled by the British Government
C. it gives special support to all the political parties.
D. the editor’s opinions are not examined by the owners of the paper
7. The underlined word “vary” in the passage probably means “_________”.
A. improve
B. compete with each other
C. are different
D. keep in touch with each other
C
“We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds... Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I am convinced that humans need to leave Earth.” These are the words of the famous scientist Stephen Hawking, spoken at a science festival inNorwayin 2017, a year before his death.
Hawking was not alone in this view. Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize other planets. That way, if an asteroid, a terrible disease, nuclear war, or some other disaster strikes Earth, civilization as we know it would still have a chance. Mars is one of the most tempting destinations. NASA, theUnited Arab Emirates, the private company SpaceX, and the organization Mars One all have plans to send humans there. “Either we spread Earth to other planets, or we risk going extinct, SpaceX founder Elon Musk said at a conference in 2013.
But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. The most common argument against going is that it’s just too expensive or dangerous. It will take huge amounts of money and other resources just to get people there, let alone set up a place for them to live. It’s not even clear if humans could survive on Mars. One of the biggest dangers there is deadly radiation that bombards the planet.
Maybe all the time and money people would pour into a Mars mission would be better spent on more urgent projects here on Earth, like dealing with poverty or climate change. Some experts argue that handling a problem like an asteroid strike or disease outbreak while staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new planet.
In addition, moving to a new planet could harm or destroy anything that already lives there. Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly host microbial life. Human visitors may destroy this life or permanently change or damage the Martian environment. Some feel that’s too much of a risk to take.
What do you think? Should humans colonize outer space or stay home?
8. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Many experts insist that humans should take the risk.
B. Mars is the most attractive destinations for human beings.
C. Hawking firmly believes the only way to save humans is moving to Mars.
D. All the other experts don’t agree with Hawking’s idea.
9. Why do some experts disagree with the plan to colonize Mars?
A. It will cost much more money to settle on Mars than on Earth.
B. It is too long a distance from the Earth to the Mars.
C. Human visitors will bring diseases to Martian environment.
D. The deadly radiation that bombards the planet is the biggest danger.
10. What’s the writing purpose of the passage?
A. To raise people’s awareness of protecting the environment.
B. To present different opinions on whether to move to the Mars.
C. To arouse readers’ reflection on whether to colonize outer space.
D. To inspire people to deal with the environmental problems.
11. In which section of a magazine is the passage most likely from?
A. Fiction.
B. Current affairs.
C. Social Studies.
D. Science.
D
Chinese archaeologists（考古学家）announced on Saturday that some new major discoveries have been made at the Sanxingdui Ruins site in Southwest China, helping uncover another start of the Chinese civilization.
Archaeologists have found six new sacrificial pits（祭祀坑）and unearthed more than 500 treasures dating back 3,000 years at the Sanxingdui Ruins in Sichuan Province. So far, archaeologists have unearthed masses of important cultural items from four of the pits, including pieces of gold masks, gold foil, bronze（青铜）masks, bronze trees and large numbers of ivories. The rest of the newly discovered pits arc still being dug up.
“Surprisingly, we have unearthed some never — heard — of — before bronze items," said Lei Yu, from the Sichuan Archaeology Research Institute. 'Tor instance, some large and well-made bronze items have strange-looking dragon or cow designs on them.”
In another major discovery, relics of silk products were found for the first time at Sanxingdui, which shows “the ancient Shu Kingdom was one of the important starts of silk in ancient China" according to Tang Fei, head of the digging team.
The new pits sit next to two sacrificial pits discovered in 1986, with areas ranging between 3o square meters and 19 square meters. Together they form an area in which people of the ancient Shu civilization held ceremonies
to offer sacrifices to heaven, earth and their forefathers, and prayed for good luck and peace.
The Sanxingdui Ruins is regarded as one of the greatest archaeological finds of mankind in the 20th century. The site was accidentally discovered by a farmer in the 1920s. The ruins are located in the city ofGuanghan, about 60 kilometers fromChengduand are believed to be the relics of theShuKingdom.
12. What can we learn from the text?
A. Totally there are 500 treasures unearthed.
B. Six new sacrificial pits are under repair.
C. The unearthed treasures date from 3000 years ago.
D. There are six sacrificial pits at Sanxingdui.
13. What does the discovery of the relics of silk products mean?
A. Chinese civilization was widely influential.
B.AncientShuKingdomwas also the home of silk.
C. Chinese silk has a much longer history than known.
D.ShuKingdombelonged toChinasince ancient times.
14. What was the main function of the sacrificial pits?
A. To celebrate festivals.
B. To store valuable items.
C. To bury important figures.
D. To hold sacrifice ceremonies.
15. Who first discovered the Sanxingdui Ruins?
A. A farmer.
B. Lei Yu
C. Tang Fei.
D. Archaeologists.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Your child comes home from school or daycare witha note alerting you to a case of hand, foot and mouth disease.___16___But you are immediately flooded by the sea of medical information on the Internet. The problem for most of us is distinguishing trusted sources of information from misleading or altogether "fake" health news. A few tips can help you simplify your search and find information that you can trust.
Consider the source.A website's domain name can tell you a lot about its believability. Nonprofit, nongovernmental research, education and health professional organizations are generally excellent resources that tend to have “.org” endings.___17___Collegesand universities also can be excellent sources and you can identify their websites by looking for “.edu” at the end.
Dig deep.A well-designed website can mask faulty information. Before you dive into the material, read the site's “About Us” tab or an equal to learn about the organization behind the digital door. Be careful.___18___ Look for red flags.If you open a website and find it difficult to see anything except the explosion of advertisements, it's time to hit the "back" button. Lots of ads are a sure sign of the bad resource.
___19___Comb articles that you can find online for easy-to-miss information that is important threads to reliability. Is the author a medical professional? When did he or she write the essay? Was the piece reviewed by such an individual, and how recently?
___20___What would be more important for them is to have peace of mind in knowing the information they gather is trustworthy.
A. Find out the small details.
B. Trust the Internet sources.
C. These sites may have a hidden purpose.
D. You grab your phone rapidly and type in a few keywords.
E. It is important for parents to know well about their children's health.
F. It's important for physicians to provide helpful and accurate information.
G. The sites with “. gov” means you are visiting aUnited Statesgovernment site.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Lots of children want to know what to give their mom for Mother's Day. Of course, a handsome card is always great, but it's not___21___to come up with that extra something.
A few days before Mother's Day, my friend Ollie and I were discussing what___22___is good enough for his grandmother Abuela, who is pretty much like a___23___to him. Right then, Abuela walked inside with a tray of food.
“Sweetie, won't you___24___us for lunch? We're having sandwiches. It's my speciality. ” she said to me.
“This is delicious!” I said after taking a bite and then asked. "Speaking of___25___, what's the most delicious food you've ever eaten?”
She thought for a minute. "Well, nothing could match the special strawberry ice cream my grandmother___26___when I was a girl on certain occasions. We winked at each other, knowing that we had already found a Mother's Day___27___his grandmother would love.
Over the next few___28___, Ollie and I asked everyone we knew if they___29___to have a nice cream
machine and old fashioned one___30___—but no luck. So my dad helped us___31___some recipes online, and fortunately we found a fun one that didn't require any___32___machine—just a couple of empty coffee cans in different sizes.
Mother's Day___33___arrived. We were very___34___to make the ice cream. Sitting outside,we all took___35___rolling the can while we sang the Mother's Day song for Abuela. We had to roll the can for half an hour.___36___, it was so much fun；When the___37___was finally ready, Abuela was the first to try it. "Mmm! The ice cream you made is even far better than I___38___!” Abuela smiled from ear to ear.
For Mother's Day,___39___time together while we made the ice cream was just as much fun as___40___it. It is company with love that means more than gifts.
21. A. hard B. comfortable C. easy D. funny
22. A. gift B. lesson C. exercise D. food
23. A. friend B. mom C. sister D. teacher
24. A. help B. abandon C. blame D. accompany
25. A. urgent B. delicious C. precious D. desperate
26. A. approved B. conveyed C. made D. predicted
27. A. surprise B. art C. toy D. honour
28. A. years B. months C. weeks D. days
29. A. attempted B. happened C. pretended D. agreed
30. A. over there B. or so C. as usual D. in particular
31. A. search for B. look after C. head for D. appeal to
32. A. strange B. specific C. actual D. expensive
33. A. obviously B. suddenly C. eventually D. oppositely
34. A. shocked B. satisfied C. tired D. excited
35. A. turns B. photos C. courage D. money
36. A. Though B. However C. Therefore D. Besides
37. A. can B. biscuit C. ice cream D. flower
38. A. sell B. lack C. judge D. remember
39. A. spending B. counting C. wasting D. saving
40. A. holding B. eating C. playing D. handling
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Scientists have exposed that around two-fifths of the world’s plants are at risk of extinction. A top botanist, Professor Alexandre Antonelli, said, “We are living in_____41._____age of extinction.”
It's a very_____42._____(worry) picture of risk and urgent need for action. We’re losing the race against time as species are disappearing faster_____43._____we can find and name them. Many of them could hold important clues for solving some of the most pressing_____44._____(challenge) of medicine and even perhaps of the emerging and current pandemics we are seeing today.”
There_____45._____(be) positive signs in the past few years. More than 4, 000 species of plants and fungi (菌类)______46.______(discover) in 2019, among which are potential future foods that could be a lifeline to millions of people on Earth suffering from_____47._____(poor) and food insecurity. Professor Antonelli stressed_____48._____(firm) the importance of protecting these and all plant life on Earth. He said, “We would not be able_____49._____(survive) without plants and fungi — all life depends on them. Every time we lose a species, we lose an opportunity_______50._______humankind.” Leading scientists will demand that the world leaders act against biodiversity loss.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

You may never know just a small thing you do to others means a lot of. Your giving a hand possible will be a lighted torch, brightening the road in the dark. A warm word of you will be ray of sunshine, melting a cold but helpless heart. In addition, offering help is a virtue. If you offer to help others, you’ll eventually be rewarding. Helping others is always a good tradition of our nation, who has been rooted in our hearts. I think what we needed is to rebuild a warm relationship between each others. Besides, by helping others, you can have a feeling of satisfaction and proud, a sense of achievement and the realization of your own value. As an old say goes, “Roses given, fragrance in hand.”
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.据调查，高一学生课外阅读的时间每周平均为7小时，高二为4小时，高三为2小时。

请你根据这一信息，以“Senior High School Students’ Extracurricular Reading”为题，用英语按以下要点为你校校报写一篇100-120词的短文。

1.描述以上有关高中生进行课外阅读的信息；
2.分析原因（如没认识到阅读的重要性、作业多）；
3.简短评论。

注意：文章的标题已给出（不计词数）。

Senior High School Students’ Extracurricular Reading
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. D
3. D
4. D
5. C
6. A
7. C
8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D
12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A
16. D 17. G 18. C 19. A 20. E
21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. A 32.
B 33.
C 34.
D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. B
41. an 42. worrying
43. than 44. challenges
45. have been
46. were discovered
47. poverty
48. firmly 49. to survive
50. for
51.(1).删除lot后的of
(2).possible → possibly
(3).be后加a
(4).but → and
(5).rewarding → rewarded
(6).who → which
(7).needed → need
(8).others → other
(9).proud → pride
(10).say → saying 52.略。