山东省济南市历下区2017届高三英语一模试卷(含解析)

2017年山东省高考英语一模试卷
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
1．What will the man do for the woman？
A．Repair her car．
B．Give her a ride．
C．Pick up her aunt．
2．Where are the speakers？
A．In a boat．B．In an office．C．In a store．
3．What are the speakers mainly talking about？
A．Their study．B．Their nationality．C．Their language ability．
4．What will the two speakers do？
A．Go for a walk．B．Finish a report．C．Borrow some books．
5．What room are the speakers in？
A．The bedroom．B．The dining room．C．The kitchen．
6．听第6段材料，回答第6，7题．
6．Who will receive the postcard？
A．Kate．B．Bill．C．Peter．
7．Which postcard does the man like？
A．The one with the boats．B．The one with the lake．C．The one with the dogs．8．听第7段材料，回答第8，9题．
8．Where is the man？
A．In a hotel．B．At the airport．C．In an office．
9．What will the woman probably do next？
A．Go to visit the man．
B．Find the luggage for the man．
C．Send someone to meet the man．
10．听第8段材料，回答第10至12题．
10．How will the man get to the bike shop？
A．By bus．B．By underground．C．By motorbike．
11．When will the man go to the bike shop？
A．On Monday．B．On Thursday．C．On Friday．
12．What does the woman ask the man to buy for her？
A．Bike lights．B．A water bottle．C．Cycling shorts．
13．听第9段材料，回答第13至16题．
13．Why does the man come to the woman？
A．To get some information．B．To make a complaint．C．To make a plan．14．What does the man say about his trip？
A．It is an ordinary vacation package．
B．It costs about $2，500 including airfares．
C．He can visit his grandparents during his trip．
15．How many days does the tour to Mexico last？
A.10
B.11
C.13
16．What will the man do？
A．Make a flexible schedule．
B．Become a adventurous traveler．
C．Return the brochures to the woman．
17．听第10段材料，回答第17至20题．
17．What is the speaker satisfied with？
A．The speed of service．
B．The quality of the goods．
C．The price of the goods．
18．Which language is the speaker poor at？
A．Spanish and English．B．Spanish and Polish．C．English and Polish．19．What was the problem with the white ball？
A．It was broken．B．It wasn't with the table．C．It was too small．20．What is 45993 for？
A．The speaker's customer number．
B．The speaker's order number．
C．The speaker's home phone number．
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
21．Shakespeare's Birthplace and Exhibition
Henley Street，Stratford﹣Upon﹣Avon Tel：01789 204016
Shakespeare's Birthplace was the childhood home of William Shakespeare．Take a step back in time and see what life was like for the young Shakespeare growing up in Stratford﹣Upon﹣Avon．The house has been exactly furnished，and includes both original and copy items similar to those which would have been there in the house when Shakespeare was a boy．Beautiful painted cloths hang on the walls，brightly colored fabrics fill the rooms and his father's glove workshop has been recreated．At the back of the house is a beautiful garden containing many plants，herbs and flowers mentioned in Shakespeare's plays．
The neighboring exhibition shows Shakespeare's life and focuses on many rare local items connected with him，as well as a copy of the first edition of his collected plays published in 1623．
◎Limited disabled access
◎Many restaurants close to Shakespeare's Birthplace
◎Town center parking
◎Gift shop
◎Allow at least 45minutes to visit the house and the exhibition
21．What can we see in Shakespeare's birthplace？
A．Old furniture． B．Ancient restaurants．
C．Colored gloves． D．Shakespeare's plays．
22．How much would they pay if a couple with their two children visit the exhibition？A．￡5.2． B．￡13.4． C．￡15． D．￡18.6．
23．What is the deadline to enter the exhibition on Friday in July？
A．4：00pm． B．5：00pm． C．5：30pm． D．6：00pm．
24．It is good to get in touch with your inner child from time to time，and obviously some people are willing to pay big money for the chance to do so in a proper environment．A Brooklyn﹣based adult preschool is charging customers between 333 and 999 for the chance to act like a kid again．
At Preschool Mastermind in New York adults get to participate in show﹣and﹣tell，arts﹣and﹣crafts such as finger paint，games like musical chairs and even take naps．The month﹣long course also has class picture day where the adults are expected to have a field trip and a parent day．
30﹣year﹣old Michelle Joni Lapidos，the brain behind the adult preschool，studied childhood education and has always wanted to be a preschool teacher．She's always on the lookout for new ways to get people in touch with the freedom of childhood．A friend encouraged her to start the mastermind course instead．
According to Candice，her blogger friend，Preschool Mastermind gives adults a chance to relearn and master the things that they failed to understand as children．"I realized all the significances of what we learn in preschool，"said founder Michelle Joni，"People come here and get in touch with their inner child．It's magical．We are bringing ourselves back to another place，another time with ourselves when we are more believing in ourselves，more confident and ready to take on the world．"
"One person's here because they want to learn not to be so serious．"Michelle said．"Another's here to learn to be more confident．"She explained that most of the classes were planned．However，Joni added that while the planned activities were fun，it was often the spontaneous（自发的）moments that attracted students．"It's the things you don't plan for，the sharing between friends and learning from each other．''
24．What is the purpose of Preschool Mastermind？
A．To give adults a chance to return to childhood．
B．To help parents understand their children better．
C．To provide practical training courses for teachers．
D．To introduce some ways of playing with children．
25．What is mainly discussed about Preschool Mastermind in Paragraph？
A．Its customers． B．Its activities． C．Its environment． D．Its schedule．26．According to Candice，people come to this program to ．
A．enjoy freedom of thinking
B．realize their childhood dreams
C．discover their inner abilities
D．figure out childhood puzzles
27．What do we know about Michelle Joni？
A．She used to be a preschool teacher．
B．She likes to make plans in advance．
C．She founded Preschool Mastermind．
D．She gained confidence by sharing．
28．A new study has discovered that meditation（冥想）and oxygen sport together reduce depression（抑郁）．The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination，done twice a week for only two months，reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40percent．
"We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non﹣depressed students，"said lead author Dr．Brandon Alderman．"It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked
at together for dealing with depression．"
Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in combating depression．Alderman and Dr．Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training （MAP）enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them．
Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport．They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing，enabling those with depression to accept moment﹣to﹣moment changes in attention．
Shors，who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus﹣part of the brain involved in memory and learning﹣says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive．
The idea for the human intervention（干预）came from her laboratory studies，she says，with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events．
By learning to focus their attention and exercise，people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past，Shors says．
"We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health．"said Alderman．"The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost．"
28．What made the research so different？
A．Adopting a way of meaningful talk．
B．Combining the two ways to treat depression．
C．Treating depression with special medicine．
D．Comparing the depressed with the non﹣depressed．
29．The underlined word"combating"in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ．A．fighting B．identifying C．distinguishing D．examining
30．What did the participants do in the research？
A．They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking．
B．They thought quietly and then took exercise．
C．They took exercise longer than they thought．
D．They took exercise while thinking quietly．
31．What is Shors'main purpose of her studies？
A．To find out certain brain cells of humans．
B．To study the production of new brain cells．
C．To offer people a new method to treat stress．
D．To decide the links between stress and exercise．
32．The loneliest chimp（黑猩猩）in the world just got the best surprise﹣a hug from a new friend．Ponso has been by himself for nearly three years，finding himself alone after his wife and children died on the island where they were abandoned by a medical testing company many years ago．
For years a nearby villager named Germain has been Ponso's only company，visiting him so often to bring bananas and bread﹣the chimp's only source of food on the tiny island．It was clear how much Ponso missed companionship when he was recently visited by Chimpanzee Conservation Centre Director Estelle Raballand．The chimp immediately embraced Estelle Raballand in a huge hug and laughed as she reached out for him，with his smile from ear to ear．
For those who know Ponso's backstory，his immediate ease and trust in humans might be surprising．Ponso was one of 20chimps，all between the ages of 7to 11years old，relocated to an island off the Ivory Coast after being used for testing by the New York Blood Centre．After the tests were completed in 2005，the lab reportedly transferred the chimps to a string of islands，occasionally dropping off food and water because there was none in the chimps'new homes．
Disease and hunger soon left only Ponso，his mate and their two children standing．But at the end of 2013they died within days of each other and Ponso was now completely alone．
A group called SOS PONSO is trying to raise money for the poor lonely chimp，already
achieving its goal of 20，000﹣allofwhichwillbeusedforPonso'scare．
32．What do we know about the chimp Ponso？
A．He was deserted by his family．
B．He found many sources of food．
C．He came to the island for a test．
D．He suffers from loneliness greatly．
33．How did Ponso feel about the visit of Estelle Raballand？
A．Excited． B．Frightened． C．Embarrassed． D．Confused．
34．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？
A．The chimps'new settlement．
B．How Ponso came to the island．
C．Why Ponso was used for a test．
D．The medical test about chimps．
35．What can be inferred from the text？
A．Germain won't visit Ponso any more．
B．A new lab will be built on the island．
C．Many people show concern for Ponso．
D．More chimps will be brought to the island．
第二节（满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

36．（36） If you are growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale you are producing for the market．You might sell some to your neighbor and some to the local manager of the supermarket．But in either case，you are producing for the market．（37）If people stop buying tomatoes，you will stop producing them．
If you take care of a sick person to earn money，you are producing for the market．If your father is a steel worker or a truck driver or a doctor or a grocer，he is producing goods or service for the market．
（38） You may spend money in stores，supermarkets，gas stations and
restaurants．Still you are buying from the market．When the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck，he is buying your labor in the labor market．
（39） But for each person or business that is making and selling something，it is very concrete．If nobody buys your tomatoes，it won't be long before you get the message．（40）It is telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesn't want you to do．
A．The market may be something abstract．
B．The sellers are always smarter than buyers．
C．When you spend your income，you are buying things from the market．
D．The market is a concept．
E．One has to make his ends meet when shopping．
F．The market is telling you something．
G．Your efforts are being directed by the market．
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节完形填空
41．A little girl lived in a simple and poor house on a hill．Usually she （41）play in the small garden．She could see over the garden fence and across the valley a wonderful house with shining golden windows high on another hill．（42） she loved her parents and her family，she desired to live in such a house and （43）all day about how wonderful and exciting （44） must feel to live there．At the age when she gained some （45）skill and sensibility（识别力），she （46）her mother for a bike ride （47）the garden．Her mother finally allowed her to go，（48） her keeping close to the house and not（49）too far．The day was beautiful．The little girl knew （50）where she was heading．（51）the hill and across the valley，she rode to the （52） of the golden house．（53） she got off her bike and put it against the gate post，she focused on the path （54） to the house and then on the house itself．She was very disappointed when she （55） that all the windows were （56） and rather dirty．
So （57） and heart﹣broken，she didn't go any further．She （58），and all of a sudden she saw an amazing （59）．There on the other side of the valley was a little house and its windows were golden．Looking at her little home，she （60）that she had been living in her golden house filled with love and care．Everything she dreamed was right there in front of her house．
41．A．might B．should C．would D．must 42．A．Unless B．Although C．Since D．But 43．A．dreamed B．worried C．asked D．shouted 44．A．this B．that C．it D．which 45．A．different B．scientific C．musical D．basic 46．A．begged B．blamed C．invited D．paid 47．A．inside B．outside C．through D．along 48．A．insisting on B．relying on C．arguing about D．wondering
about 49．A．traveling B．running C．riding D．walking 50．A．madly B．rapidly C．exactly D．possibly 51．A．Over B．Down C．Around D．Beside 52．A．windows B．steps C．center D．gate 53．A．Until B．As C．While D．Because 54．A．getting B．introducing C．leading D．moving 55．A．felt B．learned C．concluded D．found 56．A．transported B．bright C．plain D．wide 57．A．anxious B．angry C．serious D．sad 58．A．turned around B．cheered up C．settled down D．dropped in 59．A．hill B．valley C．background D．sight 60．A．imagined B．decided C．realized D．guess
第二节（满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
61．Dr．Barone has helped many kids smile who were born with defects（缺陷），including
me．She did my first operations when I was a baby，which were the most important and （61）（effect）．
I don't remember the first two operations very well．but I do recall （62）third．Dr．Barone was kind and eased me into the process．She let me choose my sleep medicine，（63）（make）sure that I was okay．I recently saw a picture of me before my operation，and I know （64） a big job she did．
Dr．Barone （65）（operate）on people with all types of birth defects．She also goes to other countries where people cannot afford this treatment and helps them （66） free．
Many people benefit from her new ways （67）（invent）to fix birth defects of the head and face．She has won many awards．A few of the most recent （68）（be）Best Doctors in America 2013﹣2014，America's Top Plastic Surgery，and many others．
Dr．Barone was my doctor when I was a kid，and even though I was （69）（probable） just another patient to her，to me she was （70）（much）than just my doctor．She was and is my hero，and she gave me back my smile．
第四部分写作（共两节，满分10分）第一节短文改错
71．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请您修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜钱（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
Nowadays Senior 3students are general faced with a lot of pressure，which is rather common．
To reduce it，the followed suggestions may help．First of all，know exactly what lead to your
pressure，and then you can take measures to deal with it．Secondly，set up a goal what is not too
high，in another words，don't put too much pressure on yourself．Thirdly，find a way to relax
you occasionally．For example，you can listen to music，go swim or just simply go walking．
Eventually，make friend with others，for example，your classmates，your teachers，your parents．
They will understand you and come to your help when you are really in the trouble．In a word，
never get yourself stuck in the pressure for"impossible is nothing"．
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
81．假如你是英国的Mike，你的朋友李华打算到国外留学，他写信询问你什么样的中国学生最受国外高校青睐．请你根据下列要点给对方写一封回信：
1．语言是道硬门槛；
2．适应能力很重要；
3．兴趣爱好被看重；
4．要有社会责任感．
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．开头和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数．
Dear Li Hua，
I'm glad to hear that you want to study abroad in your letter．
Yours，
Mike．
2017年山东省山师大附中高考英语一模试卷
参考答案与试题解析
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
1．What will the man do for the woman？
A．Repair her car．
B．Give her a ride．
C．Pick up her aunt．
【考点】15：短对话理解．
【分析】略
【解答】B
2．Where are the speakers？
A．In a boat．B．In an office．C．In a store．
【考点】15：短对话理解．
【分析】略
【解答】A
3．What are the speakers mainly talking about？
A．Their study．B．Their nationality．C．Their language ability．【考点】15：短对话理解．
【分析】略
【解答】略
4．What will the two speakers do？
A．Go for a walk．B．Finish a report．C．Borrow some books．
【考点】15：短对话理解．
【分析】略
【解答】略
5．What room are the speakers in？
A．The bedroom．B．The dining room．C．The kitchen．
【考点】15：短对话理解．
【分析】略
【解答】略
6．听第6段材料，回答第6，7题．
6．Who will receive the postcard？
A．Kate．B．Bill．C．Peter．
7．Which postcard does the man like？
A．The one with the boats．B．The one with the lake．C．The one with the dogs．【考点】16：长对话理解．
【分析】略
【解答】略
8．听第7段材料，回答第8，9题．
8．Where is the man？
A．In a hotel．B．At the airport．C．In an office．
9．What will the woman probably do next？
A．Go to visit the man．
B．Find the luggage for the man．
C．Send someone to meet the man．
【考点】16：长对话理解．
【分析】略
【解答】略
10．听第8段材料，回答第10至12题．
10．How will the man get to the bike shop？
A．By bus．B．By underground．C．By motorbike．
11．When will the man go to the bike shop？
A．On Monday．B．On Thursday．C．On Friday．
12．What does the woman ask the man to buy for her？
A．Bike lights．B．A water bottle．C．Cycling shorts．
【考点】16：长对话理解．
【分析】略
【解答】略
13．听第9段材料，回答第13至16题．
13．Why does the man come to the woman？
A．To get some information．B．To make a complaint．C．To make a plan．14．What does the man say about his trip？
A．It is an ordinary vacation package．
B．It costs about $2，500 including airfares．
C．He can visit his grandparents during his trip．
15．How many days does the tour to Mexico last？
A.10
B.11
C.13
16．What will the man do？
A．Make a flexible schedule．
B．Become a adventurous traveler．
C．Return the brochures to the woman．
【考点】16：长对话理解．
【分析】略
【解答】略
17．听第10段材料，回答第17至20题．
17．What is the speaker satisfied with？
A．The speed of service．
B．The quality of the goods．
C．The price of the goods．
18．Which language is the speaker poor at？
A．Spanish and English．B．Spanish and Polish．C．English and Polish．
19．What was the problem with the white ball？
A．It was broken．B．It wasn't with the table．C．It was too small．
20．What is 45993 for？
A．The speaker's customer number．
B．The speaker's order number．
C．The speaker's home phone number．
【考点】17：短文理解．
【分析】略
【解答】略
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
21．Shakespeare's Birthplace and Exhibition
Henley Street，Stratford﹣Upon﹣Avon Tel：01789 204016
Shakespeare's Birthplace was the childhood home of William Shakespeare．Take a step back in time and see what life was like for the young Shakespeare growing up in Stratford﹣Upon﹣Avon．The house has been exactly furnished，and includes both original and copy items similar to those which would have been there in the house when Shakespeare was a boy．Beautiful painted cloths hang on the walls，brightly colored fabrics fill the rooms and his father's glove workshop has been recreated．At the back of the house is a beautiful garden containing many plants，herbs and flowers mentioned in Shakespeare's plays．
The neighboring exhibition shows Shakespeare's life and focuses on many rare local
items connected with him，as well as a copy of the first edition of his collected plays published in 1623．
◎Limited disabled access
◎Many restaurants close to Shakespeare's Birthplace
◎Town center parking
◎Gift shop
◎Allow at least 45minutes to visit the house and the exhibition
21．What can we see in Shakespeare's birthplace？ A
A．Old furniture． B．Ancient restaurants．
C．Colored gloves． D．Shakespeare's plays．
22．How much would they pay if a couple with their two children visit the exhibition？C
A．￡5.2． B．￡13.4． C．￡15． D．￡18.6．
23．What is the deadline to enter the exhibition on Friday in July？ C
A．4：00pm． B．5：00pm． C．5：30pm． D．6：00pm．
【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读．
【分析】介绍了莎士比亚的出生地和展览．
【解答】21．A 细节理解题．根据第一段第三句The house has been exactly furnished，and includes both original and copy items similar to those which would have been there in the house when Shakespeare was a boy可知看到一些旧家具，所以答案选A．
22．C 细节理解题．根据表格中 Family￡15.00，可知一对夫妇和两个孩子要付￡15.00，所以答案选C．
23．C细节理解题．根据表格中Jun﹣Aug Monday﹣Saturday Open 9：00 am Last Entry 5：30 pm，可知选C．
24．It is good to get in touch with your inner child from time to time，and obviously some people are willing to pay big money for the chance to do so in a proper environment．A Brooklyn﹣based adult preschool is charging customers between 333 and 999 for the chance to act like a kid again．
At Preschool Mastermind in New York adults get to participate in show﹣and﹣tell，arts﹣and﹣crafts such as finger paint，games like musical chairs and even take naps．The month﹣long course also has class picture day where the adults are expected to have a field trip and a parent day．
30﹣year﹣old Michelle Joni Lapidos，the brain behind the adult preschool，studied childhood education and has always wanted to be a preschool teacher．She's always on the lookout for new ways to get people in touch with the freedom of childhood．A friend encouraged her to start the mastermind course instead．
According to Candice，her blogger friend，Preschool Mastermind gives adults a chance to relearn and master the things that they failed to understand as children．"I realized all the significances of what we learn in preschool，"said founder Michelle Joni，"People come here and get in touch with their inner child．It's magical．We are bringing ourselves back to another place，another time with ourselves when we are more believing in ourselves，more confident and ready to take on the world．"
"One person's here because they want to learn not to be so serious．"Michelle said．"Another's here to learn to be more confident．"She explained that most of the classes were planned．However，Joni added that while the planned activities were fun，it was often the spontaneous（自发的）moments that attracted students．"It's the things you don't plan for，the sharing between friends and learning from each other．''
24．What is the purpose of Preschool Mastermind？ A
A．To give adults a chance to return to childhood．
B．To help parents understand their children better．
C．To provide practical training courses for teachers．
D．To introduce some ways of playing with children．
25．What is mainly discussed about Preschool Mastermind in Paragraph？ B
A．Its customers． B．Its activities． C．Its environment． D．Its schedule．26．According to Candice，people come to this program to D ．
A．enjoy freedom of thinking
B．realize their childhood dreams
C．discover their inner abilities
D．figure out childhood puzzles
27．What do we know about Michelle Joni？ C
A．She used to be a preschool teacher．
B．She likes to make plans in advance．
C．She founded Preschool Mastermind．
D．She gained confidence by sharing．
【考点】O5：科教类阅读．
【分析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了很多年轻人想实现自己内心想当一回孩子，过童年生活的想法．
【解答】24．A 推理判断题．根据文章第一段It is good to get in touch with your inner child from time to time，and obviously some people are willing to pay big money for the chance to do so in a proper environment可知学前教育的目的是给成年人一个重返童年的机会；故选A．
25．B 细节理解题．．根据文章第二段At Preschool Mastermind in New York adults get to participate in show﹣and﹣tell，arts﹣and﹣crafts such as finger paint，games like musical chairs and even take naps．可知，在纽约学前班，成年人参加展示，讲诉，艺术和手工比如说手指绘画，诸如抢椅游戏、小睡等游戏．所以选择B
26．D 细节理解题．根据文章第四段According to Candice，her blogger friend，Preschool Mastermind gives adults a chance to relearn and master the things that they failed to understand as children．可知，在这个学前班给成年人一个重新学习和掌握他们孩子时期没有理解的事情，所以选择D
27．C 事实细节题．根据文章第四段I realized all the significances of what we learn
in preschool，said founder Michelle Joni，可知，学前班创立者米歇尔乔妮说，我意识到了在学前班所学到的事情的重要性．所以选择C
28．A new study has discovered that meditation（冥想）and oxygen sport together reduce depression（抑郁）．The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination，done twice a week for only two months，reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40percent．
"We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non﹣depressed students，"said lead author Dr．Brandon Alderman．"It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression．"
Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in combating depression．Alderman and Dr．Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training （MAP）enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them．
Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport．They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing，enabling those with depression to accept moment﹣to﹣moment changes in attention．
Shors，who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus﹣part of the brain involved in memory and learning﹣says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive．
The idea for the human intervention（干预）came from her laboratory studies，she says，with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events．
By learning to focus their attention and exercise，people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past，Shors says．
"We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be。