Unit1CulturalHeritage重点单词短语讲练导学案-高中英语人教版(19)

Book 2 Unit 1重点词汇精讲精练
1. heritage n. 遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色)
cultural heritage 文化遗产rich cultural heritage 丰富的文化遗产
tangible cultural heritage物质文化遗产intangible cultural heritage 非物质文化遗产
****相关短语cultural relic 文物cultural sites 古迹
cultural heritage sites 文化遗迹historic and cultural relic 历史文化遗物
2. creatively adv. 创造性地；有创造力地creative adj. 创造性的；有创造力地
①________ v. 创造②creativity n. 创造力③creature n. 生物④creator n. 创造者⑤creation n. 创造过程
3. former adj. 以前的；(两者中)前者的form n. 类型；表格v. 产生；形成
反义词：latter adj. 以后的；(两者中)后者e.g. ________ former (两者中的)前者the latter (两者中的)后者
4.preserve vt. 保存;保护;维持= protect n. 保护区= reserve
e.g. The society was set up to preserve endangered species from dying ou t.
①preserve sb./sth. ________/against...保护......免于......
=protect...from/against... = keep free/safe from...保护......免于......= defend sb. from sth.
②a nature preserve/ reserve 自然保护区
③wellpreserved adj. 保存良好的④preservation n. 维护;保护;保持;保养⑤preserver n. 维护者
***同根词reserve vt. 保留；储备；预定n. 保护区→reservation n. 预定
conserve vt.保持，保存→conservative adj. 保守的→conservation n. 保存；保护
5.promote vt. 促进；提升；推销；晋级
e.g.①New machines should be introduced to promote production. 含义: ___________
e.g.②The supermarkets had to lower the prices to promote sales. 含义：___________
e.g.③He was promoted from a worker to a manager last week. 含义：___________
e.g.④He was in town to promote his new book. 含义：___________
①promote sb ____ sb/sth 提升为……②get promoted 得到升职
③______________ n. 提升④promoter n. 促进者；发起人
6.application n. 申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)
①make an application to 向......提出申请fill in an application form填写申请表
②______________ v. 申请；应用 A. apply _______ sth申请
B. apply to sb. for sth. =make an application to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物
C. apply sth. _______ sth. 把……应用到
D. apply oneself to 致力于(to prep.）
③applied adj. 应用的④applicant n. 申请者
7. take part in 参与(某事);参加(某活动) = participate in
①take part in:参加群众性活动并发挥一定的作用take part in sports meeting 参加运动会
②join in:参加正在进行的活动，常可与take part in换用join in the conversation/discussion 参与交谈/讨论
③join:加人某团体或组织，成为其中的一员，也可指加人某人的行列join the army/the Party 参军/人党
④attend:参加会议、婚礼、葬礼或上课、上学等attend a meeting/ceremony/lecture参加会议/参加典礼/听讲座
8. give way to 让步；屈服
①give up 放弃，停止②give away 泄露;赠送③give out 用完，耗尽;分发，散发
④give off 发出，放出（光、热、气（味等) ⑤give in (to) 向投降；屈服；让步⑥give rise to 导致
e.g.①The mayor __________ _______ the prizes at the school sports day last week.
e.g.②Jack coughed day and night. The doctor advised him to __________ ______ smoking.
e.g.③As neither of the two countries would __________ ______, no agreement has been reached till now. e.g.④Many social workers helped __________ ______ clean water and food to local people to help them.
e.g.⑤If plastic and rubber are burnt, they’ll __________ ______ poisonous gases.
9.balance n.平衡;均匀vt. 使平衡 e.g. Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation.
10.①n.平衡;均匀 A._______ one’s balance 保持平衡 B. _______ one’s balance 失去平衡
11. C. keep a balance between A and B 保持A 与B 之间的平衡
12.②vt. 使平衡balance A _______/_______/against B 同等重视（相对的两个事物或方面）
13.③balance___ adj. 保持平衡的；均衡的 a balanced diet 均衡饮食unbalanced adj. 不平衡的
14.lead to 导致，造成（后果）；通向，通往e.g. All roads lead to Rome.
15.①“导致，引起”的多种表达：result _______；bring _______；contribute _______；give rise to; _______
e.g. Does drinking polluted water contribute to the disease?
②lead相关表达A. lead sb _______...使某人做…… e.g. What was it that led you to say that?
B. lead sb to...引导某人到某地……
C. lead the way带路
D. lead a ...life过……的生活【lead v. 】
E. take the lead领先;为他人树立榜样
F. follow the lead 效法【lead n. 】
③_________ n. 领导；领袖④_________ n. [U] 领导地位；领导才能⑤_________adj. 领先的；最杰出的
16.proposal n. 提议;建议
①_________ a proposal 提出建议 e.g. He made a proposal that the meeting (should) be put off.
②_________ v. 求婚，建议
A. propose ________ 提议做某事 e.g. I proposed holding a meeting to discuss the serious problem.
B. propose ________________ 提议某人应该e.g. I propose that we (should) hold a meeting to discuss this.
C. propose to sb. 向某人求婚 e.g. He proposed to me only six months after we met.
17.protest n. 抗议; vi&vt. (公开)反对；抗议
①n. 抗议_______ / raise a protest（对....）提出抗议e.g. The people made a protest about the rise in prices.
②vi&vt. (公开)反对；抗议protest ______/______/at （公开）反对；抗议
e.g. The people protested about / against / at the rise in prices.
e.g. The people protested that the prices rose.
18.likely adj. & adv.
19.①adj. 可能的反义词_________ adj.不可能的
20.A. ___ likely _________ sth. 可能做某事e.g. A new mittee is likely to be established to raise funds.
21.B. It’s likely that... 很可能……e.g. It’s likely that a new mittee will be established to raise funds.
②adv. 可能地 e.g. He said that he would likely run for President.
***【句式比较】①It is likely/possible/probable that...（√）②It is possible（for sb.）to do sth. （√）
③Sb. /Sth. is likely to do sth. （√）④Sb. /Sth. is possible/probable to do sth. （×）提示：likely 既可用人又可用物作主语；possible 和probable 作表语时不能用人或物作主语。

e.g. ①Girls are less likely ____________（suffer）from stomach cancer.
e.g. ②It is highly __________________________that he will take over his father’s business.
e.g. ③He is ____________to make rapid progress in English because he is studying hard.
22.turn to... 向……求助；致力于；翻到；转向（to 是介词）
23.①turn to sb. ____________ 向某人求助e.g. About this issue, the citizens turn to the government for help.
②turn on 打开（水、煤气、电灯等）③turn off 关掉（水、煤气、电灯等）
④turn up 调高；出现⑤turn down 调低；拒绝⑥turn in 上交；交还
⑦turn into 变成⑧turn out 结果是，证明是⑨turn over 翻转；移交
e.g. ①With no one to turn _________in such a frightening situation，the girl felt helpless.
e.g. ②The road conditions there turned _________to be very good，which was more than we could expect.
e.g. ③Tom had to turn ____________ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
e.g. ④You must turn ____________ your pass when you leave the building.
24.establish vt. 建立；创立establish_______ n. 建立
①establish a good relationship with ...与……建立良好关系
②近义词/短语______________ / _______ 建立 e.g. start/set up/establish a business创业
25.limit n. 限度;限制vt.限制;限定
26.①n. 限度;限制 A. _______/over the limit 超过限度B. within/without limits 适度地/ 无节制地
27. C. ___ a limit ___/___ 设定…的限度e.g. The EU has set strict limits on/to levels of pollution.
D.______ is a/______ limit ___...是有/无限度的
e.g. There is no limit to what you can do if you are hardworking.
②vt.限制;限定 A. ______ limit________限定在…… e.g. The article should be limited to 100 words.
B. limit...______... 把…限制在…内 e.g. Mother limits his pocket money to 3 yuan a day.
③limit.__ adj. 有限的④limitless/unlimited adj. 无限的e.g. Life is limited, but there is no limit to learning.
28.prevent vt. 阻止;阻碍;阻挠e.g. Immediate steps should be taken to prevent forest fires from spreading.
29.①“阻止某人做某事”的表达法：prevent/______...(______)doing... 阻止/不准做...(from主动可省，被动不可省)
=keep...from doing sth. (from 不可省)
②“保护某人不受...伤害”的表达法：protect/preserve sb. from/against sth.保护某人免遭某物(伤害)
defend sb. from sth.保护某人不受某物伤害keep free/safe from...
③prevent___ n. 预防；阻止④preventable adj.(疾病)可预防的;(死亡)可避免的⑤preventive adj.预防性的
30.loss n. 丧失;损失v._____ 过去式______过去分词______ 现在分词______ adj._______adj.失去的；迷路的
①loss相关短语A. (be) a loss ____ sb./sth. 对某人/某物来说是一种损失B. _____ _____ _____ the loss 弥补损失
e.g. The famous writer passed away last month, which is a great loss to the world.
C. be _ ____ loss不知所措e.g. The driver was at a loss when he heard he was fired.
②lose相关短语 A. lose ________ 失去信心；灰心 B. lose oneself ________ 某人沉浸在......中
③lost（adj.）相关短语 A. be lost _______ 某人沉浸在......中 B. be lost for words （因惊讶等）说不出话来
31.contribution n.捐款;贡献;捐赠e.g. The organisation made great contributions to wildlife protection.
①_______ a contribution/contributions _______/towards... 为……作贡献
②______________ vi. & vt. 捐献；捐助
A. contribute...___... 把……捐献/贡献给……；向……投稿In his spare time he contributes to several magazines.
B. contribute ___促成；有助于；导致e.g. He studied hard, which contributed to his great success in later life.
32.within [wɪˈðɪn] prep.&adv. 在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内
①within one's reach 够得着within walking distance在步行距离之内within seven days 七天内
②without prep.缺乏；没有③beyond prep. 超出…之外；非....所能及
33.investigate vi.& vt. 调查；研究investigation n. 调查；审查investigator n. 调查者；侦察员
34.issue
①v. 宣布；公布；发出；发行e.g. issue a magazine 发行杂志issue a set of stamps 发行邮票
②n.[C]重要议题（尤指社会或者政治方面）；争论的问题；（有关某事的）问题；（杂志或报纸的）号，期
A. be at issue 是讨论的焦点
B. a key/major/big issue关键/重要/大问题
35.conduct n.行为，举止，管理方法vt. 组织，安排，带领conduct___ n. 指挥；售票员;列车长
①conduct a survey/an experiment/a test/ an interview 进行调查/实验/测试/面试
②conduct sb. into/around... 领某人进入/ 参观③conduct a concert 指挥音乐会
④conduct oneself well/badly 举止（表现）好/ 差
⑤His conduct disagrees with his words. ___________ ⑥improper/violent conduct 不恰当的/ 暴力的行为
36.donate v.（尤指向慈善机构）捐赠，赠送，献血donor n. 捐赠者__________ n. 捐赠
donate sth. ________sb./sth. 把某物捐赠给某人/某物= make a donation ____sth.______sb. 向......捐赠......
e.g. The pany donated 30 dollars to charity. = The pany made a donation of 30 dollars to charity.
37.disappear vi. 消失;灭绝;消亡disappear behind/into消失在……后/中disappearance n. 消失appear vt. 出现= _____ up/_____ up 出现 appearance n. 外观；外貌；出现
38.attempt n.& vt. 企图;试图;尝试
①v. 企图;试图;尝试attempt _____ _____ 尝试/ 试图做……
e.g. They made an attempt to recover the lost cultural relics.
②n. 企图;试图;尝试 A. ________ an attempt _____ _____/at doing 尝试做…
e.g. He attempted to overe his drinking problem.
B. at the first attempt 第一次尝试e.g. I passed my driving test at the first attempt.
③attempted adj. 未遂的（置于名词前作定语）attempted crime 犯罪未遂
④表示“企图”的固搭还有: try to do sth.努力做try doing sth.试图做manage to do sth. 设法做成
27. make sure 确保；设法保证
①make sure that 确保......; 弄清楚….... ②make sure of / about (doing) sth确保......; 弄清楚…....
③be sure of /that... 对......有信心/有把握④be sure to do sth.一定会做某事:务必要做某事
28. worthwhile adj. 值得做的；值得花时间的worthless=valueless adj. 无价值的priceless adj. 极贵重的
①____ is worthwhile ____ ____ sth. /________ sth. 做某事是值得的。

e.g. It is worthwhile visiting/visit Beijing.
②sth. be worth+n. / pron. / ________ 做某事是值得的e.g. Beijing is worth visiting=Beijing is worth a visit.
③be worthy to be done/of being done/of sth. 做某事是值得的
e.g. Beijing is worthy of being visited=Beijing is worthy to be visited.
【注意】：worth只能作表语，而worthy和worthwhile除作表语之外还可作定语。

29.download vt. ; n.已的数据资料load v. 加载；装载upload vt. 上传unload vt. 卸载
30.professional adj.专业的；职业的; n.专业人员；职业选手profession n. 职业；专业professor n. 教授
31.entrance n. 入口；进入the entrance to / of ……的入口the College Entrance Examination高考
enter vt. 进入exit v. & n. 安全出口exist v. 存在
32.process n.过程；进程；步骤；vt. 处理；加工in the process of 在……过程中processed food 加工食品
33.overseas adj. 海外的; adv. 在海外①adj. overseas market 海外市场overseas students 外国留学生
②adv. live/work/study/go overseas(abroad) 在国外生活/工作/学习; 出国
at home and overseas/abroad在国内外
34.sheet n. —张(纸);床单;被单 a sheet of paper一张纸bed sheets 床单answer sheets 答题卡
35.forgive vt. &vi.原谅；宽恕vt. 对不起；请原谅forgave forgiven forgiveness n. 原谅，宽恕
①forg ive sb. sth. 宽恕某人某事Please forgive me my fault.
②forgive/excuse sb. ____...因为....原谅某人Forgive me for having taken up so much of your time.
③forgive and forget不记仇
36.image n. 形象;印象①imag_____ vt. 想像②imag_________ n. 想象（力）；创造力；幻想物
③imaginative adj. 想像力的的④imaginary adj.想象的；虚构的
37.throughout prep.各处；遍及；自始至终
throughout the day/year 一整天、一年到头throughout the world=all over the world 全世界
38.quality n.质量；品质【C】；素质；特征; adj. 优质的；高质量的(形近词)quantity n. 数量
①（be ）_____ good/high/poor quality 质量好/高/差的
e.g. Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.
②improve the quality of life提高生活质量
39.tradition n. 传统；传统的信仰或风俗traditional adj. 传统的traditionally adv. 按传统地，依照传统地
40.①____ tradition 根据传统 e.g. By tradition, children are dressed up in Spring Festival.
41.②__________ a tradition 遵循传统
42.③It is traditional（for sb.）to do sth.（对某人来说）做某事是传统。

43.e.g. It’s a tradition for the Chinese people to get together and have a big dinner on New Year’s Eve.
44.further adv. (far的比较级)更远；进一步adj. (用于名词前)进一步的；更远的vt. 促进；增进
①adj. further education 进修，继续教育further information更多信息
②v. further my career促进事业发展
③further VS farther: further除表示“更远”之外，主要表达程度上更一步；farther主要是指距离上更远。

45.historic adj. 历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的
①a historic event有历史意义的事件②historical有关历史的，在历史上发生a historical event历史上的事件
42. opinion n. 意见；想法；看法
①in one's opinion/view在某人看来②give/express one's opinion on就....发表意见
③ask for one's opinion 询问某人的观点④have a good/bad/high/low opinion of对….价好/不好/高/低
46.parison n. 比较;相比
①______ parison ( with sb./sth.)与...比较e.g. In/By parison with last year, the price increased a lot.
②by/in parison（尤用于句首)相比之下，比较起来
e.g. He was a loud friendly man. In/By parison, his brother was rather shy.
③_________ v. 比较pare A _________ B 比较A和B pare A _________ B 比较；比喻
par____ with ...与……相比（做状语）e.g. pared with you, I am richer.
47.contrast n.对比；对照 vt. 对比；对照
①__ contrast 与此相反(=on the contrary)比较起来e.g. She failed the exam but he in contrast did very well.
②__ contrast 相比之下;与之相比e.g. The population of China is large. By contrast, that of Canada is small.
③in/by contrast with/to与....形成对比;与...相比 e.g. In contrast to/with his brothers, Tom is rather short.
48.identify vt. 确认；认出；找到identification n.鉴定；确认；识别；辨别identity n.身份；本身；本体
49.It is said that... 据说…（it是形式主语，that从句是真正主语）e.g.It is said that a car accident happened.
50.It is reported that... 据报道…It is pointed out that... 据指出…It is thought that... 有人认为…
It is believed that... 人们相信…It is claimed that... 据称…It is announced that... 据宣布……
It is wellknown that... 众所周知……It is generally accepted that... 人们普遍认为……
51.There es a time when..的时代来了e.g. There es a time when the old must give way to the new.
52.there be 句型的变体：There+ vi e.g. There follow（s）/live（s）/stand（s）/exist（s）/remain（s）...
53.随后……/ 住着……/ 有……/ 存在……/ 还有……
54.e.g. In the distance there stands the worldfamous building.
55.not only...but also...不但……而且……
56.①not only...but（also）... 连接两个分句且not only 位于句首时，not only 后的分句要用部分倒装语序，但but（also）后的分句不倒装，即“前倒后不倒”。

Not only can Mary speak French，but she also knows how to type.
57.②“Not only A but（also）B + 谓语动词+ 其他 .”中谓语动词的单复数由B 决定，即遵循“就近原则”。

58.Not only you but also Jim is to blame for this.
59.【注意】：
60.类似not only...but（also）... 连接并列主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”的结构还有：neither...nor...，either...or...，not...but ，there be 句型等。