高中英语课件：Unit 1 People of AchievemenGrammar

Restrictive Relative Clause 限制性定语从句和它的先行项的所指 意义有着不可分割的联系，缺少了它， 作为先行词的名词（词组）便不能明 确表示其所指对象。
Non-Restrictive Relative Clause
✓ They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against the disease.
关系副词where和when也能引导 非限制性关系分句
Tom came to the party in patched jeans, which surprised the other
guests for they were all wearing evening suits.
汤姆穿着打补丁的牛仔裤来到了宴会，这把其他客人都惊到了，因
as 引导非限制性定语从句 与which 的区别
He left her, as/ which was strange. 5. which 引导非限制定语从句，指代整 The decision was postponed, 个主句的内容，从句只能置于句尾。 which was exactly what he wanted.
✓ Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive.
非限制性定语从句和它的先行词之间 联系比较松散，它不是先行词不可缺 少的部分，只是提供一些补充说明。 如果省略了一个非限制性关系从句， 并不影响先行词的所指意义。
C. them
D. what
4. In our class there are 46 students, ______ half wear glasses.
A. in whom
B. in them
C. of whom
Hale Waihona Puke D. of them5. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ______
Things are not always as they appear.
8. which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代 He can write a letter in English, 整个主句的内容，从句意思可与主句
which I cannot. 相反。
1. 关系代词 whose，引导定语从句 时，既可指人，又可指物，在从句 中只能作定语；of whom 只能指人； of which 只能指物，有时 whose 可 以与 of whom 和 of which 互换使 用。 2. “介词 + whose +名词” 引导定 语从句。 3. 在下列情况下，一般只用 of whom 和 of which。 (1) 主语是 few, little, some, most, many, much等时，一般只用of whom和of which。 (2) 主语是数词、形容词的最高级时， 一般只用of whom和of which。 (3) 主语是all, none, both, neither, each等不定代词时，一般只用of whom和of which。 (4) 在定语从句中作表语的定语时， 一般只用of whom和of which。
whose, of whom与of which的用法区别
The girl whose hair is golden is from England. 头发金色的那个女孩是英国人。
The house whose doors are green is an office building. 门是绿色的那座房子是办公楼。
As everyone knows, Tom is good
at English.
6. which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代
The football match, which I 主句中的一个词（先行词）从句置于
watched yesterday, is very 先行词后，可在句中或句尾。
interesting.
非限制性定语从句的基本用法
如前所述，非限制性定语从句和它 的先行项之间只有比较松散的关系。 在口语中有停顿，在书写中常用逗 号隔开。
非限制性定语从句的引导词通常是 who, whom, whose和which等wh词,不用that和why来引导非限制性 定语从句。如果表疑问，要用for which来替代why引导从句。
为他们穿的都是晚礼服。
The Chairman, who spoke first, sat on my right. 主席先生最先发言，他坐在我的右边。 His speech, which bored everyone, went on and on. 他演讲起来滔滔不绝，把大家都弄烦了。 The sailor’s daughter, whose name is Ann, gave me a patient smile. 那个水手的女儿耐心地冲着我微笑，她的名字叫安。
限制性定语从句
作 作
非限制性定语从句
引
导
作
词
作
作
作
的
作
用
作
两种定语从句的区别
Aspect
Restrictive Relative Clause
Non-restrictive Relative Clause
形式上
主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用 时也不停顿；
与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停 顿。
I love my motherland, for whose good future I will work hard. 我爱我的祖国，为了她美好的未来我要努力工作。
(1)In the room are lots of people, many of whom I don’t know. 房间里有很多人，很多人我不认识。
2. as 引导非限制性定语从句，指 代整个主句的内容，从句可置于句 首，句中和句尾。
3. 非限制性定语从句中谓语为被动 时，常用as 作主语。 as is said/ known/ announced/ reported/ mentioned/ expected/ disused等。
4. as引导非限制性定语从句，有 “正如”的含义，如下列句式： as has been said above, as anybody can see, as we had expected, as (it) appears
had taken more than three years.
A. whom
B. which
C. them
D. those
6. 100℃ is the temperature ______ which water will boil.
A. for
B. at
C. on
D. of
7. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ______ help I would never have
(4)He has three brothers, of whom Li Lei is the youngest one. 它有三兄弟，李蕾是他们中最小的一个。
1.考查非限制性定语从句的基本 用法 2.考查分离型非限制性定语从句 3.考查具有同位关系的非限制性 定语从句 4.考查含有整体与部分关系的非 限制性定语从句 5.考查含所有关系的非限制性定 语从句 6.考查“介词+关系代词”引导 的非限制性定语从句 7.考查关系代词作定语的非限制 性定语从句 8.考查非限制性定语从句与特殊 句式的结合
从句与主句分开翻译，如： I've invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。
含义上 先行词 引导词
I have a brother who is a police. 我有一个当警察的哥哥。(哥哥不止一个)
只能是名词或代词
that, why, which, who, whom, whose 有时可以省略
功能上
用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别， 用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意 如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清； 仍然清楚、完整。
翻译上
翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前,如： He is the student whose leg was broken. 他就是那个一只腿骨折了的学生。
【答案】CBAC CBBD
1. It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us
all.
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. what
2. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, ______, of
Unit 1 People of Achievement Grammar
Read the following sentences and underline the relative clauses. The name the two types of clauses and state their functions.
I have a brother，who is a police. 我有个哥哥，他是个警察。(只有一个哥哥)
可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子
that(极少见), which, who, whom, whose 一律不省略
1. 用于非限制性定语从句时，可以 指代整个主句的内容，as 和which 可以换用。
As is known to all, Taiwan is part
of China.
7. which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代
Water changes into steam, which 整个主句的内容，从句的谓语带有宾
is known to be a physical change. 语，有的还带宾语补足语。
course, made all the others upset.
A. who
B. which
C. what
D. that
3. Maria has written two novels, both of ______ have been made into
television.
A. which
B. that
(2)The old man has three children, two of whom are college students and one of whom is a manager. 那个老人有三个小孩， 其中两个是大学生，另一个是经理。
(3)He planted two trees last year, both of which are growing well. 去年他栽了两棵树，这两棵树都长得好。
✓ Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
✓ Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
Many of our Irish people are going to settle in America, where land is cheap. 我们爱尔兰人中，有许多都要迁居美国了，那里土地价格低廉。 I’m seeing the manager tomorrow, when he will be back from New York. 明天我要去见经理，到时候他就从纽约回来了。
got this far.
A. who
B. whose
C. whom
D. which
8. I’m afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never