高三英语一轮复习过去分词课件

一、过去分词作定语的含义
1、过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义。
eg：
a used stamp an injured finger a broken coin
一枚用过的邮票 一个受伤的手指 一枚破损的硬币
注意：a. 过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。
spoken English 英语口语
过去分词作表语，强调特点或状态；而被动语态 中，强调动作。
e.g.：This shop is now closed．
written exercises 书面练习
b. 少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的
过去分词只有完成的意义
fallen leaves
落叶
the risen sun
升起来的太阳
a retired teacher
一名退休教师
an escaped prisoner 一名逃跑的囚犯
想一想
• 什么时候用前置定语？ • 什么时候用后置定语？
常见的作表语的过去分词有:
amused (愉快的)； broken (碎了的)； closed (关闭的)； astonished (吃惊的)； delighted (高兴的)； lost (丢失的)； disappointed (失望的过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语 态的区别：
2. the book recommended by Jack = the book which was recommended by Jack
3. the machines produced last year = the machines which were produced last year
单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的 名词前 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词 后面
二、过去分词作定语的位置
a.单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰 的名词或代 词前面
一颗破碎的心 已升起的太阳
a broken heart the risen sun
b. 过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用 相当于定语从句。 1. People exposed to COVID-19 = people who were exposed to COVID-19
②...I’m more interested in meet动ing词pveeodpl作e 表in 语Australia and experiencing their culture， food， and way of life.
③ amMonog动stw词ohfivctehhedtihr作emr后euis置sica定anl a语inmsatrzuimngenintsstaruremreenatllcyaljluesdt
attribute定语, adverbial状语, predicative表语, object complement宾补
①Located to the south of the equator，动be词lovwedm作an状y 语other countries on the globe， it’s often informally referred to as “down under”.
Practice: 把过去分词做定语改为定语从句 1） The question discussed at the meeting was very
important.
= The questiownh_ic_h_h_a_d_b_e_en__di_s_cu_s_se_d_a_t_t_h_e_m_e_et_inwg as very important.
sticks found on the didgeridoo.
the
ground，
④A skilled player ca动n p词lavyefdor作a（lon前g置tim）e定wi语thout stopping to breathe.
⑤I tried to learn how to play it， but after trying for hours， I was convinced that
（2）时间关系上不同： 动词-ing形式表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。
1. the changing (change) world 变化着的世界 the changed (change) world 改变了的世界
2. the boiling (boil) water 沸腾的水 the boiled 3. the developing (develop) countries发展中国家
助动词 do does did have has will 情态动词 can may must need dare
不定式to do
现在分词V-ing
过去分词V-ed
非谓语动词使用条件
一个句子当中，已经存在一个句子（谓语动词）, 又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.
过去分词 The Past Participle
授课人：
Learning aims
1. To learn the functions of past participle ved. 2. To tell the difference between ved and ving. 3. To learn how to analyze sentence structures.
名师点津：作定语时，ved和ving的区别
（1）语态不同：过去分词-ed表示被动；动词-ing形式表示主动。
The question discussed (discuss) was very important. The boy speaking (speak) at the meeting is Tom’s brother.
I could never make a musical sound with this instrument！ 动词ved作表语
⑥Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture，
minority cultures have also played a part in sh动ap词invgedth作e 宾un补ique Australian
理论基础 1. 一个英语句子有且仅有一个谓语动词。 （so 谓语动词的个数=句子的个数） 2. 英语句子： 简单句（一个句子构成） 复合句（由连词连接2个及以上句子构成）
作谓语的ved
(不能单独使用)
1.have/has/had+ved 构成完成时 Since 2019, our life has changed a great deal.
注：本句中的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成。
三、过去分词作定语难点突破
1.意义： 及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成； 不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示完成，不表示被动（vi.无被动语态）
a __p_o_l_l_u_te_d___(pollute) river 一条被污染的河流 =The river has been polluted. a _w_e_l_l-_o_r_g_a_n_iz_e_d___(organize well) trip组织有序的旅行 =The trip has been organized well. ___fa_l_le_n_____(fall) leaves 落叶 = The leaves have fallen. the_r_i_se_n_______(rise) sun 升起的太阳 =The sun has risen.
动词-ed作表语(Predicative)
动词-ed作表语并无"完成"或"被动"之意， 而是说明主语的状态或情感,置于系动词之后。
He looked worried． When we heard of it, we were deeply moved． The door was closed at 9 o'clock. The boy became frightened.
2.be+ved 构成被动语态
What you said will be recorded and sent to the police.
动 谓语动词 词
非谓语动词
实意动词/行为动词(vt./vi) run sing learn say write
连系动词am is are was were sound seem get turn
三、过去分词作定语难点突破
2.位置： ① 一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即 放在被修饰词之前。 ② 有时为了表示强调，也可放在被修饰词之后。 ③ 过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在被修饰词之后；其作
用相当于一个定语从句。
1. The West Lake is a _w__e_ll_-k__n_o_w_n_(前k置no定w语well) tourist attraction. 2. He is one of those _in_v_i_t_ed__后( i置nv定ite语).，表强调 3. The student _d_r_e_s_se_d__( dress) in white is分m词y短d语au后gh置ter. ＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
lead in
One day, Xiao Niu was sitting under a tree, reading. Suddenly a falling apple hit him.
lead in
Oh, there was a fallen apple and many fallen leaves on the grass.
rural areas. ②The trees road.
blown （blow） down in the storm have been moved off the blow--blew--blown
③She threw me a quick and frightened （frighten） glance at the scary
animal.
现在完成时的一般疑问句
④Have all the guests been served （serve） with food and drinks？
Practice
“咦，今儿买的蛋 糕是极好的!
Wow, the cakes____b_o_u_g_h_t__ (buy) today are perfect.
culture， with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants.
1.作定语（attribute)
过
2.作表语(predicative)
去
分
3.作宾补(object complement)
词
4. 作状语(adverbial)
the developed (develop) countries发达国家
(boil) water开水
用所给动词的适当形式填空【三维P34】
①In 1985， urban城市的 men and women in more than three quarters of the
countries studied （study研究） had higher BMIs than men and women in
一、过去分词高考考向归纳
动向一、过去分词短语作定语用法Attribute 动向二、过去分词短语作表语用法Predicative 动向三、过去分词短语作宾补用法Object Complement 动向四、过去分词短语作状语用法Adverbial
二、分析下面句子中的动词过去分词在句子中充当的成分。(TextbookP17)