雅思小作文写作

四．雅思小作文常用语言表达
1.图形种类及概述法：
数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table
饼图：pie chart
表格图：table
直方图或柱形图：bar chart / histogram
趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram
流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence diagram
程序图：processing/procedures diagram
圆柱图：column chart
描述：show/describe/illustrate/apparent/reveal/represent/demonstrate/indicate/depict
2.必备句子
1 这个流程图展示了雅思口语考试时如何组织进行的。

This diagram describes how an IELTS speaking test is organized.
2 这个图描述了相机的内部结构。

This diagram illustrates the internal structure of the camera.
3 这个图描述了微波炉是如何工作的。

This diagram descibes how a microwave stove works.
4 该表格描述了从1998年到1999年男老师数量的变化。

The graph depicts the changes in the number of male teachers over the period from 1998 to 1999.
5 该柱状图展示了来自5个发展中国家的留学生人数。

The bar chart illustrate the number of overseas students from five developing countries.
6 该图为我们提供了有关人们为什么选择单身的有趣数据。

The graph provides some interesting data regarding the reasons why people choose to be single.
7 该图表明在头3个月蔬菜价格经历了一个快速上升的阶段。

The digram shows that the price of vegetable experiences a sharp increase in the first three months.
8 该饼状图展示了10月份某超市售卖的积累肉的比例。

The pie chart depicts the proportion of several types of meat sold in a certain supermarket.
9 这是一个曲线图，描述了石油供应跟需求的趋势。

This is a curve graph which describes the trend of oil supply and demand.
10 数据表明发展中国家的生活水平远低于发达国家。

The figures show that the living standard of developing countries is much lower than that of developed ones.
11 如图所示（5中表达法）
As is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram. According to the chart….. As can be seen from the chart
12 根据这图表。

According to the chart…..
13 从图中可以看出，美国的能源消耗比例发生了巨大的变化。

As can be seen from the chart, great changes have taken place in the proportion of energy consumption in the US.
14 A的比例是B的3倍。

The percentage of A is three times as much as that of B.
15 A跟B有共同之处。

A and
B have something in common.
16 该图表明了电脑的销售量有明显的增长。

The graph shows an increase in sales of computers.
17 2000年中国游客的数量降至最低点。

The number of visitors in China falls to the lowest point in 2000.
18 A的价格保持不变。

The price of A remains constant.
19 在过去的10年间，电视的销售量从5千万台增加到3亿5千万台，增加了7倍。

In the past 10 years, the sales of televisions increased sevenfold from 50 million to 350 million.
20 在5年里，数字增加了2倍多。

The figure has more than doubled over the past 5 years. 21最大的变化发生在2000年。

The biggest difference occurred in the year of 2000. 22就业的模式可以分成5大类。

The employment patterns can be classified into 5 categories
23 A是B的3倍。

A is three times as much as B.
24 该表格描述了2000年到2010年A与B的比例关系。

The table shows the proportion of A and B from 2000 to 2010.
25 该图以饼状图的形式描述了电消耗量的总趋势。

The chart, presented in a pie form, shows the general trend in the consumption of electricity.
26 2个饼状图展示了用电量跟季节的比例关系。

The two pie charts show the proportion of electricity consumption regarding different seasons.
27 在1980年肉类的消耗量有明显的增长，达到了2000万吨。

In 1980, the consumption of meat roes significantly, to 2 million tons.
28 在UK，12月份的水消耗量达到最高峰，为12万立方米。

In the UK, the consumption of water topped at 120,000 cubic meters in December.
29 1930s，日本有车的日大幅上升。

There is a sharp increase in the carownership in Japna in 1930s.
30 这3个国家差别很大。

There is big difference among the three countries.
31 在印度，男女人口比例1930跟1940年变化不大。

In India, the proportion of male and female doesn’t change much.
32 总支出从1995年的$33,611上升到1996年的$39,165。

The overall expenditure rose from $33,611 in 1995 to $39,165 in 1996.
33 A跟B的区别不大
There is little difference between A and B.
34 该图表表明了黄豆的销售量增长了3倍。

The chart shows that the sales of soybean increased threefold.
35 游客的数量下降到一个平台。

The number of visitors appeared to level off.
五．图表作文写作流程
审题：大致遵从下面的步骤
理解题目---浏览图标的文字信息---浏览图标的数字信息---开始写作
Tips:
1.图表作文从读题开始，争取迅速了解图所涉及的大致内容。

很多考生先看图标，这是错误的习惯，不看题目先看图标是浪费时间。

题目中往往包含有效信息，比如图标涉及的内容和时间。

2.读完题目信息以后，开始读图。

先看文字，再看数据。

3.有时候不止一个图表。

这时，需要首先判断图之间是否有联系，如果有联系，就一起描述，反之，则分开描述。

4.描述次序：
时间、最高原则（先看图表是否有时间排列，再看最高值）
如果出现一组时间，那么以最早的时间开始叙述；譬如，1979－1999年，从1979年开
始叙述（一般来说，线图和表格经常出现时间。

）
如果在同一年代里出现可以比较的数据，那么从最高值开始叙述，譬如，在1979年出
现几个国家的数值，那么从最高值开始描述；
如果图表里没有出现时间，那么就关注最高值，从最高值开始叙述（饼图和柱状图一般不会出现时间的信息）
在线图中，叙述以最后出现的数值结束；在其他图中，叙述以最低的数值结束。

5. 整篇文章万万不可主观推理分析，否则扣分
文章写作结构
六．Introduction 写作
Method : 句子改写（1段）
4 factors：
⑴Picture（图）：diagram，chart，graph
⑵When（时间）：in the year …/in the year of …/since…/by the year
of…/until…/from…to…/between…and…/over,during the period from…to…
⑶Where（地点）:in Australia=in the selected/certain country——Australia.
⑷What happened（事件）:participation/involvement/taking part in…/join in
ⅡUseful sentence structures：
(1) change the key words
(2)Change the structures of sentences（that从句）
It is clear from … It can be clear seen that
(3) +complete sentence（as定从）
As the graph shows As is shown by the graph According to the figure
(4)+phrases
...Give information about... ...give a summary of... ...provide an overview of...
(5)灵活地加入图表中的其他文字信息（譬如说时间、性别、国家等）
例如题目：the graphs below show the enrolments of overseas students and local students in Britain’s
universities.
介绍段：the graphs provide information about the proportions of overseas students and local students enrolled in Britain’s universities from 1989 to 1999.
七. Conclusion 写作
1、结尾不可以太长
2、结尾不要描述数据。

3、最好不要加入自己个人的观点。

4、是否写结尾要看文章题材。

如果是单图，也就是一个图的话，结尾不是必要的，可以选择不写。

如果还差一些字数不够，可以写写对图表的总结，例如图表总的趋势或总的特征。

如果是两个图，也就是复图，需要总结两个图的关系，如果不写的话，是要扣分的哦。

Example Conclusion
While people’s earnings increased according to their level of education, t he differences are far smaller. What’s more surprising, however, however, is that the increases in earnings among high school leavers was far higher than the earnings for university graduates.
Overall, the earnings among high school leavers were much higher than the earnings for university graduates, whilst the difference of earnings between people of different education levels was far smaller.
八．Body 写作
1-2段
第一句话总结图中比较显著的趋势或者特征，其余句子按照第四点中所规定的顺序逐句叙述图表内容。

主体部分每一个句子一般有三个组成部分，分别是文字信息、数字信息和比较。

不要把数字逐一读出，文字信息比数字信息更为重要：文字信息可以让读者清楚了解图表的主要信息，而数据只是起辅助的作用。

the average US family had 4.5 people in 1915,3.3 in 1967 and 2.6 in 2006.
average family size in the US has been shrinking, from3.3 people in 1967 to 2.6 people in 2006 compared to 4.5 people in 1915.
Kathy老师，
TESOL全球第二外语教学专家资格，ETS认证教师。

留学咨询专家。