2018版高考一轮总复习英语模拟演练：1-8-5a(五年级上)选修8Unit_5_Meeting_your_ancestors(有解析)

Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2016·四川高考]In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest, there still remain unusual groups of indigenous (土著的) people. Surprisingly, these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs. And yet, people in this area are in fact French citizens because it has been a colony (殖民地) of the French Republic since 1946. In theory P1，they should live by the French law. However, their remote locations mean that the French law is often ignored W1or unknown, thus making them into an interesting area of “lawlessness” in the world.
The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the efforts of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin. Gin spent five months in early 2015 exploring the most remote corners of this area, which sits on the edge of the Amazon rainforest, with half its population of only 250,000 living in its capital, Cayenne.
“I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I have worked there on and off P2for almost ten years，” says Gin. “I've been able to keep firm friendships with them. Thus I have been allowed to gain access W2to their living environment. I don't see it as a lawless land. But rather I see it as an area of freedom.”
“I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the unci v ilized W3life，”continues Gin. “I prefer to work in black and white, which allows me to show different specific w orlds more clearly.”
His black－and－white pictures present a world almost lost in time. These pictures show people seemingly pushed into a world that they were unprepared for. These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self－supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic, which brings with it not only necessary state welfare, but also alcoholism, betrayal W4and even suicide W5.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，题材为社会生活类。

在远离法国本土的圭亚那的热带雨林深处还有一些法属土著居民。

由于居住地偏远，他们过着一种未开化的生活，但同时也受到了现代法国生活方式的影响。

1．Why does the author feel surprised about the indigenous people in French Guiana?
A．They seldom follow the French law.
B．They often ignore the Guianese law.
C．They are separated from the modern world.
D．They are both Guianese and French citizens.
答案：A细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句“Surprisingly，these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs.(让人惊讶的是，这些人主要按照他们自己的法律和社会习俗生活。

)”可知，他们很少遵守法国法律。

故答案为A项。

2．Gin introduces the special world of the indigenous Guianese as________.
A．a tour guide B．a geographer
C．a film director D．a photographer
答案：D细节理解题。

根据文章倒数第二段中的“a photographic record”可知，Gin是以一个摄影师的身份来向人们介绍这些土著居民的。

故答案为D项。

A项，一个导游；B项，一个地理学家；C项，一位电影导演。

3．What is Gin's attitude towards the lives of the indigenous Guianese?
A．Cautious. B．Doubtful.
C．Uninterested. D．Appreciative.
答案：D推理判断题。

根据第三段最后两句的描述“我看到的不是一个目无法律的世界，而是一片自由的乐土。

”可推断出，摄影师Gin很欣赏他们的生活方式。

所以答案为D项。

cautious“小心的；谨慎的”；doubtful“怀疑的；不确定的”；uninterested“不感兴趣的”；appreciative“欣赏的；感激的”。

4．What does the underli ned word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．The modern French lifestyle.
B．The self－supporting hunting.
C．The uncivilized world.
D．The French Republic.
答案：A词义猜测题。

画线部分所在从句的意思是：伴随着这种生活方式，随之而来的不仅有必要的国家福利，还有酗酒、背叛甚至是自杀。

由此推断出it指的是现代的法国生活方式。

所以答案为A项。

B项，自给自足的狩猎方式；C项，未开化的世界；D项，法兰西共和国。

W重点单词
1．ignore v t. 忽视 2.access n. 途径；方法
3．uncivilized adj. 未开化的；远离文明的
4．betrayal n. 背叛
5．suicide n. 自杀
P重点短语
1．in theory 理论上；按理说
2．on and off 不时地；断断续续地
B
In ancient Egypt, a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment. Modern businesses have been follo w ing his lead P1，with more tactics (策略)．
One tactic involves where to display W1the goods. For example, stores place fruits and vegetables in the first section. They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food later in their trip. In department stores, the women's shoe section is generally next to the women's cosmetics (化妆品) section: while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe, bored customers are likely to w ander W2over cosmetics they might want to try later.
Besides, businesses seek W3to appeal to P2customers' senses. Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping, so they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day. Music sells goods, too. Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played, sales of French wine went up.
When it comes to the selling of houses, businesses also use highly re w arding W4tactics. They find that customers make decision in the first few seconds upon walking in the door, and turn it into a business opportunity. A California builder designed the structure of its houses smartly. When entering the house, the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows, and then the pool through an open stairway leading to the lower level. The instant W5view of water on both levels helped sell these $10 million houses.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。

你知道现在的商家是如何吸引顾客的吗？他们效仿古埃及店主的做法，通过对购物环境做一些改变及其他更多策略来吸引顾客。

5．Why do stores usually display fruits and vegetables in the first section?
A．To save customers times.
B．To show they are high quality foods.
C．To help sell junk food.
D．To sell them at discount prices.
答案：C细节理解题。

根据第二段第二句“They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy some more junk food later in their trip.”可知，此举目的是为了能够在稍后卖出那些垃圾食品。

故选C项。

6．According to Paragraph 3, which of the following encourages customers to buy?
A．Opening the store early in the morning.
B．Displaying British wines next to French ones.
C．Inviting customers to play music.
D．Filling the store with the smell of fresh bread.
答案：D细节理解题。

根据第三段第二句“Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping, so they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day.”可知，烤面包的味道能促进顾客购物，因此他们让面包味充满着整个商店。

故选D项。

7．What is the California builder's story intended to prove?
A．The house structure is a key factor customers consider.
B．The more costly the house is, the better it sells.
C．An ocean view is much to the customers' taste.
D．A good first impression increases sales.
答案：D推理判断题。

最后一段中的a California builder这个故事是个例子，用来说明前面的内容。

该段主要是说顾客在进门的头几秒钟就会做出是否购买的决定，由此可推知，良好的第一印象会有助于增加销量。

故选D项。

8．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To explain how businesses turn people into their customers.
B．To introduces how businesses have grown from the past.
C．To report researches on customer behavior.
D．To show dishonest business practices.
答案：A推理判断题。

文章的第一段就点明了主题。

本文主要介绍的是商家是通过哪些手段把人们变成顾客的。

故选A项。

W重点单词
1．display v t. 展示；陈列 2.wander v. 闲逛；漫步
3．seek v t. 寻找；寻求
4．rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的
5．instant adj. 立即的；立刻的
P重点短语
1．follow one's lead 效仿；仿照
2．appeal to 吸引；引起兴趣
Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时8′)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

[2017·成都诊断]Some people describe American society as a salad bowl while others think of it as a melting pot.
In a bowl of salad, all the ingredients are mixed together. __1__ Together, however, the ingredients make up a unity. All the ingredients of a salad contribute to the finished product. They may be covered with the same dressing (调味酱), but the green vegetables, tomatoes and cooked corn can all be seen for what they are.
From this point of view, America is very much like a salad bowl where individual ethnic groups mix together, yet maintain their cultural uniqueness. People may work together during the day at similar jobs and in the same companies, but at night they may return to their ethnic groups where their own individual culture directs their way of life.
__2__ Each ethnic group has its own special customs, language, food and traditions to protect and defend. This idea of the salad bowl is referred to as cultural diversity; that is, American society is a collection of various cultures living together in harmony within one country.
__3__ Here, society is like one large pot of soup. All cultural aspects are mixed together, sacrificing their original identity and keeping a bit of what they were to become a new reality. The longer the soup is cooked, the better the taste and the more likely it will be for the mixture to dissolve. In this sense, America can surely be seen as a melting pot where people from all over the world come to live and work together forming one nation. There are dozens of shared symbols. __4__ In such a culture, symbols like the flag and the nation's official song serve to break down the walls which separate ethnic groups.
Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot, America can be best described as a mixture of both. __5__
A．Both are correct depending on one's point of view.
B．They never lose their shapes, colors or tastes.
C．This is why there is so much diversity within America.
D．In other words, America is a nation where there is unity in diversity.
E．Thus, one needs to abandon one's culture to be consid­ered “American”．
F．They serve to develop the various ethnic groups to create a new American culture.
G．The other theory, which is also used to describe American society, is the melting pot.
篇章导读：文章主要说明了美国社会被称为沙拉碗以及大熔炉的原因。

1．B根据上下文可知在沙拉碗里，各种沙拉的成分混合在一起，但它们还都保持各自的形状，颜色及口味，所以答案是B。

2．C根据上下文可知，这就是为什么在美国有如此多样性的原因，每一个民族都有自己的语言及风俗习惯等，所以答案是C。

3．G下文主要讲述了美国社会被称为大熔炉的原因，所以答案是G。

4．F根据上下文可知，来自世界不同地方的人来美国定居，他们创造出一种新的美国文化，所以答案是F。

5．D根据上下文可知，美国是沙拉碗还是大熔炉，美国最好可以被称为两者的混合物。

也就是说，美国是一个具有多样性统一的国家，所以答案是D。

Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时8′)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

A motto is a sentence or a phrase __1__ can inspire us especially when we are __2__ (face) with difficulties. Many of us have our mottoes, such as “Where there is a will, there is a way.” or “Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.”，and so on. My motto is “God helps those who help __3__.” Sometimes I am lazy and don't want to make efforts __4__ (work) hard, __5__ the moment I think of my motto I will get energetic again and devote myself __6__ what I am doing. I write my motto __7__ I can see it easily. Every time I fail in my exam and begin to lose heart, the sight of my motto inspires me with much __8__ (confident). My motto also makes me become __9__ independent person. That is to say, I won't rely on others easily. My friends, what is your motto? If you still haven't got a motto, please choose __10__ because a motto can have a great effect on you.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________7.________8.________
9．________10.________
篇章导读：本文讲述了格言警句对作者的激励启发作用。

1．that/which考查定语从句。

从句中缺少主语，先行词为“a sentence or a phrase”，故用that/which引导定语从句。

2．faced考查固定搭配。

be faced with意为“面临；面对”。

3．themselves考查反身代词。

句中格言意为“自助者天助”。

4．to work考查固定搭配。

make efforts to do sth. “努力干某事”。

5．but考查连词。

前后分句之间为转折关系。

6．to考查固定搭配。

devote oneself to doing sth.“致力于干某事”。

7．where考查状语从句。

where在句中引导地点状语从句。

8．confidence考查词性转换。

with为介词，故后用名词confidence。

9．an考查冠词。

independent的首音素为元音，故填an。

10．one考查代词。

one指代其中的一则格言，表泛指。

Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时20′)
假定你是中国高中生李华，今年暑假期间将去英国Clifton High School学习两周，并将寄宿在英国学生杰克家中。

请给杰克写一封邮件，向他介绍自己，并询问在英国以下三个方面的情况：
1．住宿；
2．饮食；
3．交通。

注意：1.词数100 左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Jack,
Yours，
Li Hua [标准范文]
Dear_Jack，
Greetings from China! I am Li Hua, a high school student in China and will study in Clifton High School for two weeks during the summer vacation. I was excited to learn that
your family would be my host family. I'd like to know more about my stay there in Britain.
First, am I going to have my own room or share one with you? And it would be great if I can have access to the Internet. In spite of my interest in British food, I'm wondering if I could cook some simple Chinese dishes just in case I'm not used to it. Besides, I'd like to know if there's a school bus between your home and the school.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li_Hua。