译林版九年级英语下册第一单元全套教学案设计

译林版九年级英语下册第一单元全套教学案设计
Unit 1 Asia
Welcome to the unit
Teaching aims:
1.To grasp the words of Chinese traditional customs and culture.
2.To grasp the key phrases in the lesson.
3.To strengthen patriotism education of students.
Step 1 Free talk
Get the students to talk about Chinese traditional culture.
Step 2 Presentation
Show some pictures of Chinese things and teach the new words.
Step 3 Chinese things and places
The British exchange students have arrived in Beijing. Millie is showing them some pictures of Chinese things. Help her write the correct name under each picture.
dragon dance Chinese opera
chopsticks Chinese paper-cutting
Chinese paper-cutting kung fu
Step 4 Free talk
If your foreign friend asks you for suggestions on his/ her travel plan in China, what will you advise him/ her to see and where will you advise him/ her to visit?
Step 5 Listening
1. Kevin, a British exchange student, is asking Millie for her suggestions on his travel plan.
Listen to the tape and answer the following questions:
1) Where does Millie suggest visiting first?
2) What special things can we see if we are in Beijing?
Keys: 1) Beijing Tian’anmen Square, the Palace Museum and the Great wall are wonderful places to go.
2) Chinese opera, especially Beijing opera.
2. Work in pairs and give your own ideas about Kevin's travel plan. Use the
conversation below as a model.
Kevin: I’m planning to travel around China. Where shall I visit first, Millie?
Millie: Since you’re in Beijing now, why don’t you start from here? Tian’anmen Square, the Palace Museum and the Great Wall are wonderful places to go.
Kevin: Good idea. What special things can I see in Beijing?
Millie: Chinese opera is a kind of traditional Chinese art, and Beijing opera is one of the most popular. You can go and enjoy it.
Kevin: OK. Thank you for your suggestions.
Millie: You’re welcome.
Step 6 Hobo and Eddie
1. Look at the conversation between Hobo and Eddie, and then answer the questions.
1) Where are Eddie and Hobo?
2) What does Eddie think of the trip? Why?
Keys: 1) They are on the Great Wall.
2) He thinks it’s tiring to climb the steps, and his feet hurt.
2. Act the dialogue out. Encourage the students to add their own ideas.
Step 7 Language points
1. The Great Wall is amazing, isn’t it? 长城太神奇了，不是吗？
反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。

其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。

【注意】
1) 反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是：“肯定陈述＋否定疑问”或“否定陈述＋肯
定疑问”。

2) 简略问句如果是否定式：not应与be，do，will等系动词、助动词、情态动
词缩写。

3) 简略问句的主语不用名词，应用人称代词。

4) 陈述部分含“too...to”时，是否定句。

2. I’m taking a rest.
用现在进行时表示即将进行的安排，即说话时刻前就决定的安排。

常用动词有come, go, stay, leave, walk, arrive, fly, drive, ride, take等。

用现在进行表确切的计划或已安排好的活动。

e.g. I’m planning to travel around China. 我打算在中国旅行。

We are leaving for Japan soon. 我们马上前往日本。

3. We’d better keep moving. 我们最好继续坚持。

had better do sth最好做某事
e.g. I’d better finish my homework before mom gets home.
我最好在妈妈到家前完成家庭作业。

keep doing sth. 坚持做某事，一直做某事
e.g. He kept talking until the meeting was over.
他一直在说，直到会议结束。

4. I don’t want to go on. 我不想继续了。

go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事
e.g. After a short rest,they went on working.
短暂休息之后，他们继续工作。

go on with sth.继续同一件事，此时with后能接名词，代词，不能跟ing形式。

e.g. After a short rest,they went on with the work.
短暂休息之年，他们继续那项工作。

go on to do sth.指接着做另外一件事。

e.g. After finishing the words,they went on to go over the text.
结束单词后，他们接着复习课文。

Step 8 Exercises
Ⅰ. Choose the correct answer.
1. —He seldom came here,_____?
—Yes sir.
A.didn’t he
B.does he
C.doesn’t he
D.did he
2. There is little juice in the glass,______?
A.is there
B.isn’t there
C.is it
3. —You’re new here,________?
—Yes,I’m from Dujiangyan.I came here last week.
A. do you
B.don’t you
C.are you
D.aren’t you
Keys: D, A, D
Ⅱ. Complete the sentences.
1. You’d better _________ (return) the book at once.
2. He kept __________ (cough) all morning．
Keys: run, coughing
Ⅲ. Translate the sentences.
1. 开会时他一直站着。

2. 你最好听你父母的话。

3. 我们下午去购物吧，好吗？
Keys: 1. He kept standing during the meeting.
2. You’d better listen to your parents.
3. Let’s go shopping this afternoon, shall we?
Step 9 Homework
1. Recite the dialogue between Eddie and Hobo.
2. Finish the exercises on workbook.
Reading I
Teaching aims:
1 To introduce famous cities in China in English.
2 To know more about famous attractions in China.
3 To strengthen patriotism education of students.
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Revision
汉译英
最好做某事had better do sth.
坚持工作keep working
休息have/take a rest
想要继续want to go on
把我叫醒wake me up
在你回来的路上on your way back
计划环游中国plan to travel around China
一个可以去的很棒的地方a wonderful place to go
谢谢你的建议。

Thanks for your suggestions.
爬这么多台阶真的很累。

It’s really tiring to climb so many steps. Step 2 Presentation
1.New words.
Teach the new words. Pay attention to the key words.
n. emperor 皇帝
n. landscape 风景；地形
n. watchtower 瞭望塔
n. cave 洞穴
n. attraction 向往的地方；吸引
middle n.中间，中央
in the middle of 在……中间
e.g. There is a big tree in the middle of the park.在公园中间有棵很大的树。

raising n.升高
e.g. I hope to watch the raising of the national flag some day.
我希望某天能看上升国旗。

wonder n.奇迹
e.g. It’s a wonder that the child came through without a scratch.
那个小孩康复了，没留下伤疤，这真是奇迹啊。

lie vi.位于
e.g. Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东面。

shape n.形状，外形
e.g. This island is triangular in shape. 这个岛屿呈三角形状。

underground adj.地下的
e.g. Moles stay underground most of the time. 鼹鼠大部分时间呆在地下。

hang vi.&vt.垂下，悬挂
e.g. I’ll hang the pictures as high as I can. 我想把这些画尽量挂的高点。

point vi.指，指向
e.g. The hands of the clock pointed to five o’clock. 钟表的指针指向了五点。

upwards adv.向上
e.g. Citizens of eighteen years and upwards have the right to vote.
十八岁以上的市民都有选举权。

hire vt.租用；雇佣
e.g. We hired an advertising company for help to sell out our product.
我们雇了一家广告公司帮我们卖产品。

eastern adj.东部的，东方的
e.g. Bamboo has always been a material of great importance to Eastern cultures.
在东方文化里竹子总是一种具有重要作用的材料。

south-east n. adj.&adv.东南方
location n.地点，方位
e.g. Now, you are able to use mobile phone to locate your own location, watch TV,
play games, etc.
现在，手机可以用来定位，看电视，打游戏等。

2. Complete Section B1 and check the answers.
1. emperor ____ a pay some money to use something for a short time
2. attraction ____ b the ruler of a country or several countries
3. wonder ____ c a large hole in the side of a hill or under the ground
4. lie ____ d something that fills you with surprise
5. cave ____ e an interesting place to go
6. hire ____ f be in a place
2.Free talk.
●Have you ever visited a big city before?
●How well do you know about the city?
●Would you like to visit it again one day?
Get the students to talk about the questions. Encourage the students to share their own opinions.
Step 3 Reading of passage 1
I. Read the article of Beijing and answer the questions:
1. How many attractions are mentioned in this article?
2. What are they?
Keys：Four.
They are the Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City; Tian'anmen Square; the Summer Palace and the Great Wall.
II. Read the article of Beijing again and answer some more questions:
1. Where is the Palace Museum?
2. Who used to live there?
3. When was it turned into a museum?
4. What can we see there?
5. Where is Tian'anmen Square?
6. How big is it?
7. What do people like to do in Tian'anmen Square early in the morning?
8. Where is the Summer Palace?
9. What was it used for?
10. How long is the Great Wall?
11. How far is it between the watchtowers?
12. When was it first built?
13. What makes the Great Wall so special?
Keys:
1. It’s in the middle of the ancient city of Beijing, the capital of China.
2. The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live there.
3. It was turned into a museum in 1925.
4. Wonderful buildings and art treasures.
5. It’s next to the Palace Museum.
6. It’s the biggest city square in the world.
7. People like to gather there early in the morning to watch the raising of the national flag.
8. It’s in the north-west of Beijing.
9. It was once a nice place for the emperors to spend the summer.
10. It runs for over 6,000 kilometres across northern China.
11. It’s about few hundred metres.
12. It was first built more than 2,000 years ago.
13. It’s one of the wonders of the world.
III. Post-reading of passage 1
Kevin is asking Daniel about Beijing. Complete their conversation with the words in the box.
dynasties gather museum
palace
raising summer wonders
Kevin: Have you ever visited the Palace Museum, Daniel?
Daniel: Yes, of course. It was a ①______ for two ②_________. Twenty-four Chinese emperors once lived there.
Kevin: Can we go inside the Palace Museum?
Daniel: Certainly. It’s now open to the public as a ③_________.
Kevin: The Summer Palace was also a palace for the emperors in the past, wasn’t it? Daniel: Yes. It was a nice place for the emperors to spend the ④_________. Kevin: Have you ever seen the ⑤_______ of the national flag?
Daniel: Yes, I have. A lot of tourists like to ⑥________ in Tian’anmen Square
early in the morning to watch it.
Kevin: What about the Great Wall? Have you ever been there?
Daniel: Sure. As an old saying goes, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is
not a true man.” It’s one of the ⑦_________ of the world.
Keys: palace, dynasties, museum, summer, raising, gather, wonders
Step 4 Reading of passage 2
I. Read the article of Guilin and answer the questions:
1. Where is Guilin?
2. What can we enjoy in Guilin?
Keys: 1. It’s in southern China.
2. We can enjoy the Reed Flute Cave and the beauty of the Lijiang River.
II. Read the article of Guilin again and answer some more questions:
1. Where does Guilin lie?
2. Why do many tourists come to visit Guilin?
3. Are the mountains around Guilin the same?
4. Where is the Reed Flute Cave?
5. What can we see in the Reed Flute Cave?
6. What is the cave praise as?
7. How can we enjoy the beauty of the Lijiang River?
8. If I want to travel around the countryside, how should I do?
Keys: 1. It lies on the two sides of the Lijiang River.
2. Because of its fantastic landscape.
3. No. The mountains stand in different shapes.
4. In the north-west of the city.
5. There are so many rocks in unusual shapes-- some hang down, and others
point upwards.
6. It is praised as the “Art Palace of Nature”.
7. Take a boat trip.
8. Hire a bike and ride around the countryside.
III. Post-reading
The nest day, Kevin is telling his friend Chris about Guilin. However, some of the details are wrong. Write a T if a sentence is true or an F if it is false.
1. Guilin is in eastern China. _____
2. Guilin is famous for its beautiful landscape. _____
3. The Reed Flute Cave is in the south-east of Guilin. _____
4. You can find amazing rocks inside the Reed Flute Cave. _____
5. You can take a boat trip along the Lijiang River. _____
6. You need to buy a bicycle to ride around the countryside. _____ Keys: FTFTTF
Step 5 Reading together
Read the articles in chorus.
Step 6 Practice
Kevin wants to make notes of the two cities. Help him complete his notes.
Beijing
The Palace Museum: in the _________ of the ancient city, wonderful
buildings and ______________.
Tian’anmen Square: the _________ city square in the world, the raising of the
________________.
The Summer Palace: in the ___________ of Beijing, a large Chinese _______ set in a
natural landscape.
The Great Wall: over ___________ across northern China, was first built more than _______ years ago.
Guilin
Location: on the two sides of the _____________
What to see: _________ stand in different shapes; the Reed Flute Cave, an _____________ cave with ___________ in unusual shapes.
What to do: take a ___________ along the Lijiang River; hire a bicycle and ride around the __________.
Keys: middle, art treasures, biggest, national flag, north-west, garden, 6,000km, 2000 Lijiang River, mountains, underground, many rocks, boat trip, countryside.
Step 11 Homework
1. Read aloud the articles and underline the difficult parts.
2. Remember the new words in this lesson.
Reading II
Teaching aims:
1 To introduce famous cities in China in English.
2 To know more about famous attractions in China.
3 To grasp the main language points in this lesson.
4 To strengthen patriotism education of students.
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Revision
Retell the articles about Beijing and Guilin.
How much do you know about the famous attractions in Beijing?
How well do you know about the natural landscape of Guilin?
Step 2 Language points
1. I am Wei Ke from Beijing, the capital of China.
我是魏可，来自中国的首都北京。

句中Beijing和the capital of China属于同位语。

【概念】
一个名词或其它形式，跟在另一个名词或代词后并对其进行解释、说明或限定，这个名词或其它形式就是同位语。

同位语与被它说明的先行词的格要一致，并且前后两项所指相同, 句法功能也相同。

同位关系紧密时不用逗点隔开; 同位语只作补充解释时可用逗点隔开。

e.g. Mr.Smith,our new teacher,is very kind to us.
我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。

(“Mr.Smith”是主语，our new
teacher”是同位语, 指同一人。

）
Mr.Johnson cares for us students very much.
约翰逊先生非常关心我们学生。

2. In the middle of the ancient city of Beijing is the Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City.
古老的北京城的中间是故宫，也叫做紫禁城。

1) in the middle of 意为“在……的中间”，the ancient city of Beijing意为“古老的
北京城”。

2) called意为“被叫做，被称作”。

e.g. The boy called Daniel is a member of the Reading Club.
那个叫丹尼尔的男孩是读书兴趣小组的一员。

3. The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live there.
明朝和清朝的皇帝曾住在那儿。

used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事，而现在不做了”。

e.g. My father used to sleep very late. 我父亲以前睡觉很晚。

【辨析】
used to do sth和be/get used to sth./doing sth.
翻译
过去他经常晚起，现在他习惯早起了。

He used to get up late, but now he is/gets used to getting up early.
【总结】
be/get used to doing sth.表示习惯于做某事或习惯于某事，to是介词，后面要跟名词、代词或动名词。

而used to do sth.则表示过去常常，to后跟原形动词。

4. With wonderful buildings and art treasures inside, it is well worth a visit.
它（故宫）里面有宏伟的建筑和艺术珍宝，非常值得一游。

介词with短语，在句中常用作状语，表示原因、条件、时间、伴随、方式等。

e.g. With the development of modern medicine, more and more diseases can be cured.
随着现代医学的发展，越来越多的疾病能够被治愈。

2) worth可用作形容词，意为“值得”
worth后可接名词，意为“值得做某事”。

e.g. The museum is certainly worth a visit. 博物馆当然值得参观。

worth后还可接v-ing形式，sth. be worth doing 意为“某事值得做”。

e.g. The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。

worth后可接“钱”或数字，意为“……值(多少)钱”。

e.g. The car is worth more than $7,000.
这辆车价格的多于七千美元。

根据所给汉语意思完成英语句子。

1)那座房子值很多钱。

That house _______________________.
2)这首歌不值得一听。

This song _____________________.
Keys: is worth a lot of / much money
isn’t worth listening to
5. Many tourists like to gather there early in the morning to watch the raising of the national flag.
许多游客喜欢一大早聚集在那里观看升旗仪式。

raising是raise的动名词形式。

raise和rise的区别。

raise意思是“(人为地)举起，提起某物”，是及物动词，并且还有“筹集；饲养；抚养”的意思。

e.g. Little Bobby raised his head and looked at me. (抬起)
My uncle raises many sheep and pigs on his farm. (饲养)
How much money have you raised? (筹集)
rise意思是“(自然或非主观因素地) 某物上升，升起”，是不及物动词，并且还有“起床”的意思。

e.g. The price of the house stopped rising this year. (上升，上涨)
The sun has already risen. (升起)
【归纳】
两者所使用的场合，可以归纳成如下两则口诀：
日月烟雾云热气，起立起床和起义。

物价河水温度计，皆由rise 升上去。

举手抬头举重物，声音价格和觉悟。

水平温度与抚养，raise 接宾常出入。

用rise或raise的适当形式填空。

1) The moon _______ in the east and goes down in the west.
2) The price of vegetables is _______ rapidly.
3) Sally _______ her head when I called her.
4) Have you ever _______ chicken?
5) How did they _______ money for the poor man?
Keys: rises rising raised raised raise
6. It runs for over 6,000 kilometres across northern China, with watchtowers every few hundred metres.
它（长城）在中国北部地区绵延6000多公里，每隔几百米设有瞭望塔。

短语every few hundred metres意思是“每隔几百米”，类似的用法还有：every few days 每隔几天。

【注意】
这里hundred不能加s, hundred加s只能在短语hundreds of中。

用hundred的正确形式填空。

1) - How many shoes does the rich woman have?
- About few _________ .
2) Are there __________ of fans in the hall?
Keys:hundred hundreds
7. It is one of the wonders of the world.
它（长城）是世界奇迹之一。

wonder为名词，意思是“奇迹；奇观；奇事。

e.g. Mount Qomolangma is a natural wonder of the world.
珠穆朗玛峰是个世界自然奇迹。

wonder作不及物动词，意为“感到惊奇”，可以与at连用。

e.g. We all wondered at his impoliteness.
我们都对他的不礼貌感到惊奇。

wonder还可用作及物动词。

其后跟that引导的宾语从句时，意为“对……感到惊奇”；跟where, who, when, how, why等引导的宾语从句时，相当于“want to know”，意为“想知道”。

e.g. Do you wonder that he was late this morning?
他早上迟到了，你惊奇吗？
I wonder where they have decided to go.
我想知道他们决定去哪。

Lisa wondered how to solve the problem.
丽萨想知道如何解决这个问题。

请将下列汉语句子翻译成英语。

1. 昨天我对他的行为感到惊奇。

2. 中国的长城是世界奇迹之一。

3. 我想知道你昨天为什么没有去上学。

Keys: I wondered at his behaviour yesterday.
The Great Wall of China is one of the wonders of the world.
I wonder why you didn’t go to school yesterday.
8. East or west, Guilin landscape is best.
桂林山水甲天下。

这句话由英语谚语“East or west, home is best.”而来。

9. It lies on the two sides of the Lijiang River.
它（桂林）位于漓江两岸。

lie vi. 位于，坐落在
e.g. The town lies on the coast. 这个小镇位于海滨。

lie还有“躺，平放”的意思。

e.g. His books are lying all over the desk.
他的书堆得桌上到处都是。

lie用作动词，还可表示“撒谎”的意思，用作名词，意思是“谎言”。

e.g. She always lies about her age. 她总是谎报自己的年龄。

You can trust him because he never tells lies.
你可以信任他因为他从不说谎。

lie与lay
lie (lying, lay, lain) vi. 躺，平放，位于
lie (lying, lied, lied) vi. 说谎，撒谎
lay (laying, laid, laid) vt.放置，产卵，铺放
用lie或lay的适当形式填空。

1) She told me her mother had _____ in bed for three months.
2) I stepped into his room and saw him _____ on the ground with his eyes closed.
3) My youngest son loves the white hen, which _____ an egg each day.
4) Don’t believe him because he has _____ again.
5) The boy _____ in the letter to his mother that he would go to Shanghai for a
visit.
6) As soon as I _____ the table, the baby woke up.
Keys: lain lying lays liedlied laid
10. In this underground cave, it is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes--some hang down, and others point upwards. The cave is praised as the "Art Palace of Nature".
在这个地下溶洞中，有如此多造型奇特的岩石，有的向下悬着，还有的向上伸展，真让人叹为观止。

此洞被誉为“大自然的艺术宫殿”。

1) underground adj. 地下的
e.g. There is an underground car park here.
这儿有一个地下停车场。

underground n. 地铁
e.g. I always go to school by underground. 我总是坐地铁上学。

2) 短语be praised as意思是“被誉为”。

e.g. Liu Xiang was praised as a national hero after he got the Olympic
gold medal.
刘翔在赢得奥运金牌后被誉为民族英雄。

11. As an old saying goes, "He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man".
正如俗话所说：“不到长城非好汉。

”
从句who has never been to the Great Wall作定语，修饰前面的代词he，那么这个从句就叫做定语从句。

【概念】在复合句中, 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词, 定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词
关系代词：that,which,who, 宾格whom, 所有格whose
关系副词：where,when,why
关系词的作用：
1.引导定语从句；
2.代替先行词；
3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。

翻译
1) 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。

2) 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。

3) 经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。

Keys: The coat(that)I put on the desk is blue.
The film(which)we saw last night was wonderful.
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
Step 3 Exercises
用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. The film ______ (call) Despicable Me is very popular.
2. Students in China have been used to _______ (do) a lot of homework.
3. Books written by Milan Kundera are worth _______ (read).
4. The Changjiang River is the third _________ (long) river in the world.
5. The weather in _________ (south) China is warmer than that in northern part.
6. The Palace Museum is a good place for people____________ (learn) about history of Ming and Qing dynasties?
7. Are you willing to get up early _________ (run) with me?
8. T here are a few _________ (hundred) miles from his hometown to the city. Keys: called doing reading longest southern to learn
to run hundred
翻译下列句子。

1. 这是他工作的地点。

2. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

3. 河水涨高了两英尺。

4. 他和衣躺在床上。

5. 古老的南京城是江苏省的省会。

Keys: This is the place where he works.
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.
The river has risen two feet.
He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.
The ancient city of Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu Province.
Step 4 Homework
1. Retell the article.
2. Recite the language points in this article.
3. Preview Grammar.
Grammar
Teaching aims:
1. To grasp different uses of it.
2. To distinguish different uses of it.
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Revision
翻译下列句子，说出it 在句中表示的意思。

1). 明朝和清朝的皇帝曾住在故宫，但它在1925年的时候被变成了博物馆。

The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live in the Palace Museum.
But it was turned into a museum in 1925.
(it表示：the Palace Museum)
2). 有这么多形状不寻常的岩石真是神奇。

It is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes.
(it表示：that 从句的内容)
3). 租一辆自行车，骑着它环游乡村也很受欢迎。

It’s also popular to hire a bike and ride around the countryside.
(it表示：hire a bike and ride around the countryside)
4). 从我家到学校大约3公里。

It is about 3 kilometres from my home to my school,
(it表示：距离)
Step 2 Presentation
Uses of it
Step 3 Using it as a pronoun
1. We use it for animals and lifeless things.
e.g. Look at the panda. It is so small.
Another famous attraction is the Great Wall. It runs for over 6,000 kilometers
across the northern China.
We use it for a young child when we do not know whether it is a girl or a boy.
e.g. My aunt will have a baby soon. She hopes it will be a girl.
Look at that cute baby over there! It is a boy, isn’t it?
We use it for an unknown person.
e.g. — Who was calling you on the phone just now?
— It was my cousin.
We use it for an action, a situation or an idea mentioned in a previous statement. e.g. Reading around the countryside is popular in Guilin, isn’t it?
Tourists like to take a boat trip along the Lijiang River. It is great fun.
2. it作人称代词
1) 指代刚提到的事物。

e.g. Look at that car. It is going much too fast.
2) 指无生命的东西。

e.g. It is my pencil.
3) 指动物。

e.g. —Is it your dog?
—No, it isn’t.
4) 指未知性别的婴儿。

e.g. What a beautiful baby! Is it a boy?
5) 指所未见的或所未知的那个人。

e.g. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who it is.
3. The exchange students visited the Summer Palace yesterday. Kevin is writing about it. Read the passage below and find out what each it refers to. Write your answers in the blanks.
Yesterday we visited the Summer Palace and spent about three hours in it. The palace is a Chinese garden and mainly includes a hill and a lake. The lake is very big — it takes up three quarters of the area. It was frozen, so we could not row a boat there. It was really a pity. Across the lake is a 17-hole bridge. There are many stone lions on either side of it. The lions are all different from each other. Isn’t it amazing? While I was walking along the bridge, my mobile phone rang. It was my mum. I told her that the Summer Palace was well worth visiting.
Keys: 1. the Summer Palace 2. the lake 3. the lake
4.we could not row a boat
5. the bridge
6. different lions
7. an unknown person
Step 4 Using it as an impersonal pronoun
1. We also use it for the time, the date, the weather, the distance, etc.
e.g. It is 6:30 p.m. It is raining heavily outside.
It is 1 January today. It is New Year's Day.
In Beijing, it is cold and windy in winter.
It is two kilometers from my school to my home.
2. it作非人称代词
1) 指天气。

e.g. It’s raining.
2) 指时间。

e.g. It’s half past eight.
3) 指环境。

e.g. It’s quiet here.
4) 指距离。

e.g. How far is it from your home to your office?
3. The exchange students left for Shanghai. Kevin has made some notes in his diary. Rewrite his sentences with it.
1. Today is 22 February. We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning.
_______________________. We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning.
2. Shanghai is about 1,300 kilometers from Beijing.
_____________________________ from Beijing to Shang hai.
3. I woke up at 5 a.m. this morning.
__________ when I woke up this morning.
4. I felt a little cold when we went out. The temperature was only 2℃.
I felt a little cold when we went out. ______________.
5. Winter is very cold and dry in Beijing.
In winter, _____________________________.
6. We arrived in Shanghai on a sunny day.
________________ when we arrived in Shanghai.
7. We got to our hotel at noon.
____________ when we got to our hotel.
8. Our hotel is not far from the Bund.
____________ from the Bund to our hotel.
Keys: 1. It is 22 February today 2. It is about 1,300 kilometers
3. It was 5
4. It was only 2℃
5. it is very cold and dry in Beijing
6. It was a sunny day
7. It was noon
8. It is not far
Step 5 Using it to replace the real subject or object
1. Sometimes we use it to replace the real subject or object in a sentence. In this situation, we put the real subject or object later in the sentence in the form of a to-infinitive or a clause.
e.g. It is very tiring to climb the steps.
It is popular to hire a bicycle and ride around the countryside.
It is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes in the cave.
Many people find it pleasant to travel around.
2. Useful structures with it
It is + adjective + (of/ for…) + to…
It takes… some time to…
It is said/ reported/… that…
…think(s)/ find(s) it easy/ difficult/… to…
3. it作形式主语或形式宾语
有时为了保持句子的平衡，常用it作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放到句子的后面。

1) 形式主语。

e.g. It’s his duty to look after the sick boy.
2) 形式宾语。

e.g. I find it quite easy to get on with Tom.
4. Miss Thompson, a British teacher traveling with the exchange students, is writing down what she thinks about Shanghai. Help her complete her notes with it.
Traffic: The traffic is often busy, but public transport here is quite good, __________ (easy) for people to get around.
Weather: __________ (sunny) and warm. We like ______ here.
Environment: __________ (said) that the air is not clean here, but I do not think
the pollution is as serious as I imagined.
Signs: Shanghai is beautiful. ________ (fun) to ride around the city and visit the interesting places.
Food: Chinese food is delicious. I will ask my family to go to a Chinese restaurant and try ____ when I get back.
Hotel: We all think ______________ (comfortable) to stay in this hotel. They provide a high level of service.
People: The local people are friendly. _________ (kind) of them to answer all
our questions.
Keys: 1. It’s easy 2. It’s sunny 3. It 4. It’s said
5. It’s fun
6. it
7. it comfortable
8. It’s kind
Step 6 Language points
1. The lake is very big — it takes up three quarters of the area.
湖很大，占了四分之三的面积。

take up 占据（空间）；占用（时间）
e.g. The table takes up too much space. 这张桌子太占地方了。

quarter n.四分之一
2. Across the lake is a 17-hole bridge. There are many stone lions on either side of it.湖上有一座十七孔桥，桥两边有很多石狮子。

倒装句。

表示方位的词或短语置句首时，句子要完全倒装。

e.g. On the wall are pictures.
注意：主语为代词时不倒装。

e.g. Out he rushed.
either det. & pron.两者之一
either… or… 不是……就是……
on either side of = on both sides of
e.g. You may take either of the roads. 两条路你随便走哪一条。

Tom is going to buy either a guitar or a piano.
汤姆不是要买一把吉他就是一架钢琴。

Step 7 Exercise
下列句中it的用法是什么？选出对应选项。

() 1. It’s Tuesday today.
() 2. It’s two miles to the beach.
() 3. Yesterday I bought a bag. It’s red.
() 4. It’s better to be early.
() 5. It’s cold today.
() 6. It’s Lily’s dog.
() 7. I think it necessary to visit Mr Wang.
() 8. It gets very crowded here in the summer.
() 9. —Oh, by the way, there was a telephone call for you.
—Who was it?
Keys: e, g, a, h, d, c, i, f, b
Step 8 Homework
Summarize the uses of it, and make some sentences.
Integrated skills
Teaching aims:
1. Practice listening skills by listening to an article about The trip to Japan.
2. Complete an article according to the information about The trip to Japan. Teaching steps:
Step 1 Revision
Translation
1. 我认为和朋友打网球很有意思。

I think it interesting to play tennis with friends.
2. 外面正在下雨，带把伞。

It is raining outside. Take an umbrella!
3. 对学生来说，上课认真听讲非常重要。

It is very important for students to listen carefully in class.
4. 门铃响了，可能是你爸爸。

The door bell rings. It may be your father.。